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Paulo Freire: Teaching for Freedom and Transformation
by John Dale Emery J. Hyslop-MargisonThe primary mission of this text is clarifying many of the misconceptions about Paulo Freire's theories, concepts and his implications for education. It revisits his ideas and explains more fully the philosophical influences that shaped concepts such as problem posing, conscientization and praxis. The fundamental thesis, then, is that the present absence of in-depth philosophical analysis leaves an unacceptable void in the literature addressing Freire's work, while also promoting frequent misconceptions and superficial understandings about his relationship to contemporary education. Indeed, the philosophical assumptions contributing to Freire's critical pedagogy require identification, unravelling and ultimately evaluation on the basis of their epistemic and moral tenability. Most existing applications of Freire's pedagogy are unfortunately superficial because they simply sloganize terms such as banking education, conscientization, praxis, and humanization. A slogan in education popularizes a concept or idea in a positive way, but offers very little in terms of critical reflection or analysis. In order to understand these terms and their origin and apply them as Freire intended, a far richer and more in depth examination of Freire is desperately needed. This text will provide precisely that type of examination.
Paulo Freire and Multilingual Education: Theoretical Approaches, Methodologies, and Empirical Analyses in Language and Literacy
by Sandro R. BarrosThis collection celebrates the work of Paulo Freire by assembling transnational perspectives on Freirean-based educational models that reconsider and reimagine language and literacy instruction, especially for multilingual learners. Offering an international and comparative overview of Freire’s theories and critical pedagogies in relation to multilingualism, this volume presents innovative analyses and applications of theories and methods and features case studies in public schools, after-school and community literacy programs, and grassroots activism. Part I features chapters that expand on Freire’s concepts and ideas, including critical literacies, critical consciousness, and liberatory teaching principles. Part II features chapters that discuss empirical analyses from applied research studies that draw from these philosophical concepts, making important connections to key topics on supporting students, curriculum development, and teaching. Ideal for students and scholars in language education, bilingual/multilingual methods, and sociology of education, the volume informs teacher knowledge and practice. In offering alternative paradigms to our dominant, homogenized monolingual status quo, the chapters present a shared vision of what multilingual literacy can offer students and how it can transform educational spaces into sites of imagination, creativity, and hope.
Paulo Freire and the Curriculum (Series in Critical Narrative)
by Henry A. Giroux Donaldo Macedo Georgios Grollios Panayota GounariHow can Paulo Freire s progressive and vital contributions to curriculum planning can be made more relevant today for educators, policy makers and anybody involved in education? This book provides a necessary framework as it articulates significant questions. The first deals with Freire s positions on curriculum planning, the second is devoted to the historical development and the character of his perspective on curriculum planning, and the third refers to the ways his perspective compares to others, as well as to its contemporary value. Freire s perspective comes into direct conflict with traditional views on curriculum planning, the content of which represents what is perceived as the highest expression of Western civilization. Freire also breaks with the dominant perspective of social efficiency on curriculum planning whose main aim is to supply, via behavioral objectives, the knowledge and skills deemed necessary for the efficient function of the economy and the society, treats learners as passive receivers of knowledge, and assigns to curriculum a technical character disarticulated from social, political or ideological conflicts. In addition, he does not focus on studying the learner in an abstract or a-historical framework, nor does he adopt an individualistic interpretation which fetishizes spontaneity. In contrast to traditional perspectives on the curriculum, Freire provides a fertile ground for teachers and any others who seek to transform schools and improve student s learning and lives."
Paulo Freire and Transformative Education: Changing Lives And Transforming Communities
by Ruth Pilkington Alethea MellingThis book brings together a range of global and local themes inspired by the work of Paulo Freire. Freire believed in the possibility of change, rejecting the neoliberal discourse that presents poverty as inevitable: his core principle emphasised the prerogative of transforming the world, rather than adapting to an unethical world order. This responsibility to intervene in reality as educators is explored in detail in this edited collection. Including such diverse themes as pedagogical approaches to globalisation, social mobility, empowerment and valuing diversity within communities, the volume is highly relevant to pedagogical practice. Sharing the transformative power of ‘being’ through popular education and the solidarity economy, this innovative book will be of interest to scholars of Paulo Freire, transformative education and diversity in education.
Paulo Freire in the 21st Century: Education, Dialogue, and Transformation (Interventions: Education, Philosophy, And Culture Ser.)
by Peter RobertsThis book explores the implications of world renowned educationalist Paulo Freire's theories for educational practice and how his ideas can help in bridging different genres and traditions. It addresses themes, questions and issues that have received little attention to date, including Freire's conception of the critical intellectual, the problem of defining literacy, and the possibility of a Freirean response to debates over political correctness. Roberts also relates Freire's ideas to those of other writers: Israel Scheffler, Fyodor Dostoevsky and Hermann Hesse, among others. Paulo Freire in the 21st Century makes a distinctive contribution to the international literature on Freire's work.
Paulo Freire & the Cold War Politics of Literacy
by Andrew J. KirkendallIn the twentieth century, illiteracy and its elimination were political issues important enough to figure in the fall of governments (as in Brazil in 1964), the building of nations (in newly independent African countries in the 1970s), and the construction of a revolutionary order (Nicaragua in 1980). This political biography of Paulo Freire (1921-97), who played a crucial role in shaping international literacy education, also presents a thoughtful examination of the volatile politics of literacy during the Cold War. A native of Brazil’s impoverished northeast, Freire developed adult literacy training techniques that involved consciousness-raising, encouraging peasants and newly urban peoples to see themselves as active citizens who could transform their own lives. Freire’s work for state and national government agencies in Brazil in the early 1960s eventually aroused the suspicion of the Brazilian military, as well as of U. S. government aid programs. Political pressures led to Freire's brief imprisonment, following the military coup of 1964, and then to more than a decade and a half in exile. During this period, Freire continued his work in Chile, Nicaragua, and postindependence African countries, as well as in Geneva with the World Council of Churches and in the United States at Harvard University. Andrew J. Kirkendall’s evenhanded appraisal of Freire’s pioneering life and work, which remains influential today, gives new perspectives on the history of the Cold War, the meanings of radicalism, and the evolution of the Left in Latin America. In the twentieth century, illiteracy and its elimination were political issues important enough to figure in the fall of governments (as in Brazil in 1964), the building of nations (in newly independent African countries in the 1970s), and the construction of a revolutionary order (Nicaragua in 1980). This political biography of Paulo Freire (1921-97), who played a crucial role in shaping international literacy education, also presents a thoughtful examination of the volatile politics of literacy during the Cold War. A native of Brazil’s impoverished northeast, Freire developed adult literacy training techniques that involved consciousness-raising, encouraging peasants and newly urban peoples to see themselves as active citizens who could transform their own lives. Freire’s work for state and national government agencies in Brazil in the early 1960s eventually aroused the suspicion of the Brazilian military, as well as of U. S. government aid programs. Political pressures led to Freire's brief imprisonment, following the military coup of 1964, and then to more than a decade and a half in exile. During this period, Freire continued his work in Chile, Nicaragua, and postindependence African countries, as well as in Geneva with the World Council of Churches and in the United States at Harvard University. Andrew J. Kirkendall’s evenhanded appraisal of Freire’s pioneering life and work, which remains influential today, gives new perspectives on the history of the Cold War, the meanings of radicalism, and the evolution of the Left in Latin America.
Paul's Gospel of Divine Self-Sacrifice: Righteous Reconciliation in Reciprocity
by Paul MoserIn this book, Paul Moser explains how self-sacrificial righteousness of a reparative kind is at the heart of Paul's gospel of God. He also shows how divine self-sacrifice authenticates that gospel via human reciprocity toward God in reconciliation. A basis for this reciprocity lies in a teaching of ancient Judaism that humans are to reciprocate toward God for the sake of an interpersonal relationship that is righteous and reconciled through voluntary self-sacrifice to God. Moser demonstrates that Paul's gospel calls for faith, including trust, in God as reciprocity in human self-sacrifice toward God. Although widely neglected by interpreters, this theme brings moral and evidential depth to Paul's good news of reparative redemption from God. Moser's study thus enables a new understanding of some of the controversial matters regarding Paul's message in a way that highlights the coherence and profundity of his message.
Paul's Letter to the Philippians (New International Commentary on the New Testament (NICNT))
by Gordon D. Fee"“. . . undertaken to provide earnest students of the New Testament with an exposition that is thorough and abreast of modern scholarship and at the same time loyal to the Scriptures as the infallible Word of God.”"This statement reflects the underlying purpose of The New International Commentary on the New Testament. Begun in the late 1940s by an international team of New Testament scholars, the NICNT series has become recognized by pastors, students, and scholars alike as a critical yet orthodox commentary marked by solid biblical scholarship within the evangelical Protestant tradition.While based on a thorough study of the Greek text, the commentary introductions and expositions contain a minimum of Greek references. The NICNT authors evaluate significant textual problems and take into account the most important exegetical literature. More technical aspects — such as grammatical, textual, and historical problems — are dealt with in footnotes, special notes, and appendixes.Under the general editorship of three outstanding New Testament scholars — first Ned Stonehouse (Westminster Theological Seminary, Philadelphia), then F. F. Bruce (University of Manchester, England), and now Gordon D. Fee (Regent College, Vancouver, British Columbia) — the NICNT series has continued to develop over the years. In order to keep the commentary “new” and conversant with contemporary scholarship, the NICNT volumes have been — and will be — revised or replaced as necessary.The newer NICNT volumes in particular take into account the role of recent rhetorical and sociological inquiry in elucidating the meaning of the text, and they also exhibit concern for the theology and application of the text. As the NICNT series is ever brought up to date, it will continue to find ongoing usefulness as an established guide to the New Testament text.
Paul's Letter to the Philippians: A Socio-Rhetorical Commentary
by Ben Witherington IIIInterprets Paul’s letter in light of its rhetorical content and cultural contextSkeptical of the trend among many biblical scholars to analyze Paul’s short, affectionate letter to the Philippians in light of Greco-Roman letter-writing conventions, Ben Witherington instead looks at Philippians as a masterful piece of long-distance oratory — an extension of Paul’s oral speech, dictated to a scribe and meant to be read aloud to its recipients. Witherington examines Philippians in light of Greco-Roman rhetorical conventions, identifying Paul’s purpose, highlighting his main points and his persuasive strategies, and considering how his original audience would have heard and received Paul’s message.
Paul's Missionary Methods: In His Time and Ours
by Robert L. PlummerMissionary Methods: Saint Paul's or Ours?Paul's Missionary MethodsMichael F. BirdEckhard J. SchnabelBenjamin L. MerkleChristoph W. StenschkeDon N. Howell Jr.Craig KeenerDavid J. HesselgraveMichael PocockEd StetzerM. David SillsChuck LawlessJ. D. Payne
Paul's New Perspective: Charting a Soteriological Journey
by Garwood P. AndersonThe debate between proponents of the Old and New perspectives on Paul has been followed closely over the years, consolidating allegiances on either side. But the debate has now reached a stalemate, with defectors turning to apocalyptic and other solutions. Garwood Anderson recounts the issues and concludes that "both 'camps' are right, but not all the time." And with that teaser, he rolls up his exegetical sleeves and proceeds to unfold a new proposal for overcoming the deadlock. But in a field crowded with opinions, could anything new emerge? Anderson's interaction with Paul and his interpreters is at the highest level, and his penetrating and energetic analysis captures attention. What if Paul's own theological perspective was contextually formed and coherently developed over time? Have we asked justification to carry a burden it was never meant to bear? Would fresh eyes and a proper sequencing of Paul's letters reveal Paul's own new perspective? Might we turn a corner and find a bold and invigorating panorama of Pauline soteriology? This is a Pauline study worthy of its great theme, and one that will infuse new energy into the quest for understanding Paul's mind and letters.
Paul's Summons to Messianic Life: Political Theology and the Coming Awakening (Insurrections: Critical Studies in Religion, Politics, and Culture)
by L. WelbornTaubes, Badiou, Agamben, i ek, Reinhard, and Santner have found in the Apostle Paul's emphasis on neighbor-love a positive paradigm for politics. By thoroughly reexamining Pauline eschatology, L. L. Welborn suggests that neighbor-love depends upon an orientation toward the messianic event, which Paul describes as the "now time" and which he imagines as "awakening." Welborn compares the Pauline dialectic of awakening to attempts by Hellenistic philosophers to rouse their contemporaries from moral lethargy and to the Marxist idea of class consciousness, emphasizing the apostle's radical spirit and moral relevance.
Paul's Summons to Messianic Life
by L. L. WelbornTaubes, Badiou, Agamben, Žižek, Reinhard, and Santner have found in the Apostle Paul's emphasis on neighbor-love a positive paradigm for politics. By thoroughly reexamining Pauline eschatology, L. L. Welborn suggests that neighbor-love depends upon an orientation toward the messianic event, which Paul describes as the "now time" and which he imagines as "awakening." Welborn compares the Pauline dialectic of awakening to attempts by Hellenistic philosophers to rouse their contemporaries from moral lethargy and to the Marxist idea of class consciousness, emphasizing the apostle's radical spirit and moral relevance.
Paul's Theology in Context: Creation, Incarnation, Covenant, and Kingdom
by James P. WareThis accessible text by James P. Ware provides both a concise guide to Paul’s theology and a general introduction to the key issues and debates in the contemporary study of Paul. Examining Paul’s message in the context of the ancient world, Ware identifies what would have struck Paul’s original audience as startling or unique. By comparing Paul’s teaching to the other religions and philosophies of that day, Ware presents a fresh perspective on Paul’s theology, revealing four pillars of his thought: creation, incarnation, covenant, and kingdom. After examining each of these dimensions of Paul’s gospel, Ware explores the historical role of Paul within Christian origins and the astounding evidence embedded in his letters regarding the beginnings of Christianity and the eyewitness origins of the gospels. Clergy, students, and laypeople will find that this guide to the big picture of Paul’s theology will illumine and enliven the study, preaching, and teaching of all the Pauline letters.
Paul's Theology of Preaching: The Apostle's Challenge to the Art of Persuasion in Ancient Corinth
by Duane Litfin"We preach Christ crucified: a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles, but to those whom God has called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God." When Paul preached about the crucified and risen Jesus Christ to the church at Corinth and elsewhere, did he follow the well-established rhetorical strategy of his day or did he pursue a different path? And what does that mean for the preaching of the church today? Through a detailed analysis of 1 Corinthians 1-4, Duane Litfin explores the rhetorical context of Paul?s preaching and his own understanding of his task as a preacher. What is revealed in this investigation is a sharp distinction between Greco-Roman rhetorical strategies, which sought to persuade, and Paul?s theology of preaching, which was based on the model of an obedient herald. This revised and expanded version of Litfin's previous St. Paul's Theology of Proclamation will provide insight to those engaged in Pauline and New Testament studies, rhetorical theory, and Greco-Roman studies. Moreover, by offering a better understanding of Paul's method as well as the content of his declaration concerning "the power and wisdom of God" revealed in Jesus, this book will help preachers as they undertake the ongoing task to "preach Christ crucified."
Paul's Three Paths to Salvation
by Gabriele Boccaccini&“We no longer need to separate Paul from Judaism in order to claim his Christianness,&” writes Gabriele Boccaccini, adding, &“nor do we need to separate him from the early Jesus movement in order to state his Jewishness.&” With this guiding principle Boccaccini unpacks the implications of Paul&’s &“belonging&” simultaneously to Judaism and Christianity to arrive at the surprising and provocative conclusion that there are in fact three means of salvation: For Jews, adherence to Torah.For gentiles, good works according to conscience and natural law.For all sinners, forgiveness through faith in Jesus Christ.Paul&’s Three Paths to Salvation is an attempt to reconcile the many facets of Paul&’s complex identity while reclaiming him from accusations of intolerance, and Boccaccini&’s work in reestablishing the figure of Paul as a messenger of God&’s Mercy to the sinners is an important contribution to the ongoing conversation about Paul&’s place in the contemporary pluralistic world.
Pause, Ponder, and Persist in the Classroom: How Teachers Turn Challenges into Opportunities for Impact
by Julie Schmidt HassonHow can educators find joy in the midst of seemingly overwhelming challenges? Researcher Julie Schmidt Hasson interviewed hundreds of people about their most impactful teachers and shares her findings in this unique and powerful book. She lays out a three-step process that leads to greater peace, and greater impact on students. This three-step framework involves pausing, pondering, and persisting. First, teachers pause before reacting to an unexpected challenge, so they can intentionally choose a response. Next, they suspend assumptions and approach the challenge from a place of curiosity. Finally, they persist in this dance of patient inquiry and thoughtful responses in a way that leads to better outcomes for students. The stories integrated throughout the book provide evidence of the many ways teachers make a difference in students’ lives. It is a challenging time to be a teacher, and this book provides the inspiration and information teachers need to stay longer, grow stronger, and continue making an impact.
Pause to Think: Using Mental Models to Learn and Decide (Heilbrunn Center for Graham & Dodd Investing Series)
by Jaime LesterOur brains are wonderful tools, but they are nonetheless prone to misjudging information and making suboptimal decisions. In many situations, we act without fully considering why we are behaving in a certain way. We like to feel good about ourselves; we interpret the world using stories instead of statistics; and we make instinctive judgments and then stick to them. How can we think more clearly and make better decisions—in business and in life?This book is a practical and accessible introduction to mental models, teaching readers how to harness their power to think more clearly, make better decisions, and learn more effectively. The essential step in applying these concepts and frameworks, Jaime Lester shows, is to pause. Take a moment to reflect on the options, decide on the optimal approach before launching into action, and reexamine the process regularly. Drawing on a variety of academic disciplines as well as cognitive and behavioral research, Lester offers step-by-step templates to improve readers’ critical thinking and decision making. He guides readers through honing their reasoning in areas including finance, economics, statistics, and daily life and draws broader lessons for cultivating a prudent investment approach as well as personal well-being and happiness. Written in a conversational and witty style and featuring memorable examples and illustrations, Pause to Think shares essential lessons and tools for all readers interested in the power of mental models.
Pay for Play: A History of Big-Time College Athletic Reform (Sport and Society)
by Ronald A. SmithIn an era when college football coaches frequently command higher salaries than university presidents, many call for reform to restore the balance between amateur athletics and the educational mission of schools. This book traces attempts at college athletics reform from 1855 through the early twenty-first century while analyzing the different roles played by students, faculty, conferences, university presidents, the NCAA, legislatures, and the Supreme Court. Pay for Play: A History of Big-Time College Athletic Reform also tackles critically important questions about eligibility, compensation, recruiting, sponsorship, and rules enforcement. Discussing reasons for reform--to combat corruption, to level the playing field, and to make sports more accessible to minorities and women--Ronald A. Smith candidly explains why attempts at change have often failed. Of interest to historians, athletic reformers, college administrators, NCAA officials, and sports journalists, this thoughtful book considers the difficulty in balancing the principles of amateurism with the need to draw income from sporting events.
Pay It Forward: Young Readers Edition
by Catherine Ryan HydeThe internationally bestselling book that inspired the Pay It Forward movement is now available in a middle grade edition.Pay It Forward is a moving, uplifting novel about Trevor McKinney, a twelve-year-old boy in a small California town who accepts his teacher’s challenge to earn extra credit by coming up with a plan to change the world. Trevor’s idea is simple: do a good deed for three people, and instead of asking them to return the favor, ask them to “pay it forward” to three others who need help. He envisions a vast movement of kindness and goodwill spreading across the world, and in this “quiet, steady masterpiece with an incandescent ending” (Kirkus Reviews), Trevor’s actions change his community forever.This middle grade edition of Pay It Forward is extensively revised, making it an appropriate and invaluable complement to lesson plans and an ideal pick for book clubs, classroom use, and summer reading. Includes an author'snote and curriculum guide.
Payback
by James HeneghanThirteen-year-old Charley Callaghan is coping with some difficult changes in his life. His family has recently moved to Vancouver from Ireland, and his mother has died of cancer. Now he is desperately trying to fit in--in a new school, a new city, a new country--while holding a part-time job and keeping an eye on his little sister, Annie. Charley's red hair and Irish accent at first make him a target of the class bullies, but he is tough enough--just--to keep them at bay. So it is almost a relief to him when the bullies find a new target, Benny Mason. As the bullying intensifies, Charley keeps hoping that Benny will defend himself, but he fails to intervene. When the situation turns tragic, Charley must face some difficult questions about his own part in events. His search for atonement leads to an unusual friendship, and an unexpected opportunity to pay back. This gripping and thought-provoking novel is told with wit and empathy, by a masterful storyteller.
Paying for College, 2019 Edition: Everything You Need to Maximize Financial Aid and Afford College (College Admissions Guides)
by Princeton Review Kalman ChanyPaying for College: Everything You Need to Maximize Financial Aid and Afford College is the ONLY annual college financial aid guide with line-by-line instructions for completing the FAFSA and CSS Profile aid forms!Featured in USA Today, the WSJ, Money, the Los Angeles Times, the Washington Post, and dozens more, Paying for College helps students and their families maximize financial aid eligibility. Packed with specific information, it guides parents and students with info on: * How to fill out all those forms (FAFSA, CSS Profile, etc.) to your advantage! * How to understand the financial aid (FA) process and pick a college with FA in mind * How to navigate recent changes to FAFSA legislation * How to evaluate an aid offer and negotiate with the FA office * Long-term strategies (bonds, trusts, Coverdell ESAs, 529 plans, etc.) * Short-term strategies (taxes, real estate assets & liabilities, the impact of debt on an FA application)... and more!
Paying for College, 2020 Edition: Everything You Need to Maximize Financial Aid and Afford College (College Admissions Guides)
by The Princeton Review Kalman ChanyA SMARTER WAY TO PAY FOR COLLEGE. Take control of your financial aid experience with this essential guide—the only annual guidebook with line-by-line instructions for completing the FAFSA aid forms!Financing a college education is a daunting task no matter what your circumstances. With line-by-line instructions for filling out the FAFSA and consumer-friendly advice to minimize college costs, Paying for College helps you take control of your experience and:• Learn how the new tax law affects financing your college education• Maximize your financial aid eligibility• Explore long- and short-term strategies to reduce college costs and avoid expensive mistakes• Complete every question on the FAFSA and CSS Profile forms to your best advantage• Compare aid offers and learn how to appeal them if necessary • Plan strategically as a separated/divorced parent, blended family, or independent student
Paying for College, 2022: Everything You Need to Maximize Financial Aid and Afford College (College Admissions Guides)
by The Princeton Review Kalman ChanyA SMARTER WAY TO PAY FOR COLLEGE. Take control of your financial aid experience with this essential guide—the only annual guidebook with line-by-line instructions for completing the FAFSA aid forms!Financing a college education is a daunting task no matter what your circumstances. With line-by-line instructions for filling out the FAFSA and consumer-friendly advice to minimize college costs, Paying for College helps you take control of your experience and:• Maximize your financial aid eligibility• Learn how COVID-19 and the latest tax laws affect the financing of your college education• Explore long- and short-term strategies to reduce college costs and avoid expensive mistakes• Complete every question on the FAFSA and CSS Profile forms to your best advantage• Compare aid offers and learn how to appeal them if necessary • Plan strategically as a separated/divorced parent, blended family, or independent student&“A first-rate guide through the financial aid maze.&”—Lynn Brenner, Newsday&“Can save thousands in college bills.&”—John Wasik, Forbes
Paying for College, 2023: Everything You Need to Maximize Financial Aid and Afford College (College Admissions Guides)
by The Princeton Review Kalman ChanyA SMARTER WAY TO PAY FOR COLLEGE. Take control of your financial aid experience with this essential guide—the only annual guidebook with line-by-line instructions for completing the FAFSA aid forms! Financing a college education is a daunting task no matter your circumstances. With line-by-line instructions for filling out the FAFSA and consumer-friendly advice to minimize college costs, Paying for College helps you take control of your experience and: • Maximize your financial aid eligibility • Start preparing now for upcoming changes affecting student aid • Explore long- and short-term strategies to reduce college costs and avoid expensive mistakes • Complete every question on the FAFSA and CSS Profile aid applications to your best advantage • Compare aid offers and learn how to appeal them if necessary • Plan strategically as a separated/divorced parent, blended family, or independent student &“A first-rate guide through the financial aid maze.&” —Lynn Brenner, Newsday &“Can save thousands in college bills.&” —John Wasik, Forbes