- Table View
- List View
Public Universities, Managerialism and the Value of Higher Education
by Rob WattsThis book provides a rigorous examination into the realities of the current university system in Britain, America and Australia. The radical makeover of the higher education system which began in the 1980s has conventionally been understood as universities being transformed into businesses which sell education and research in a competitive market. This engaging and provocative book argues that this is not actually the case. Drawing on lived experience, Watts asserts that the reality is actually a consequence of contradictory government policy and new public management whose exponents talk and act 'as-if' universities have become businesses. The result of which is 'market crazed governance', whereby universities are subjected to expensive rebranding and advertising campaigns and the spread of a toxic culture of customer satisfaction surveys which ask students to evaluate their teachers and what they have learned, based on government 'metrics' of research 'quality'. This has led to a situation where not only the normal teacher-student relationship is inverted, academic professional autonomy is eroded and many students are short-changed, but where universities are becoming places whose leaders are no longer prepared to tell the truth and too few academics are prepared to insist they do. An impassioned and methodical study, this book will be of great interest to academics and scholars in the field of higher education and education policy.
Public Universities, Managerialism and the Value of Higher Education (Palgrave Critical University Studies)
by Rob WattsThis book provides a rigorous examination into the realities of the current university system in Britain, America and Australia. The radical makeover of the higher education system which began in the 1980s has conventionally been understood as universities being transformed into businesses which sell education and research in a competitive market. This engaging and provocative book argues that this is not actually the case. Drawing on lived experience, Watts asserts that the reality is actually a consequence of contradictory government policy and new public management whose exponents talk and act ‘as-if’ universities have become businesses. The result of which is ‘market crazed governance’, whereby universities are subjected to expensive rebranding and advertising campaigns and the spread of a toxic culture of customer satisfaction surveys which ask students to evaluate their teachers and what they have learned, based on government ‘metrics’ of research ‘quality’.This has led to a situation where not only the normal teacher-student relationship is inverted, academic professional autonomy is eroded and many students are short-changed, but where universities are becoming places whose leaders are no longer prepared to tell the truth and too few academics are prepared to insist they do. An impassioned and methodical study, this book will be of great interest to academics and scholars in the field of higher education and education policy.
Public Values Leadership: Striving to Achieve Democratic Ideals
by Barry Bozeman Michael M. CrowInstead of private gain or corporate profits, what if we set public values as the goal of leadership?Leadership means many things and takes many forms. But most studies of the topic give little attention to why people lead or to where they are leading us. In Public Values Leadership, Barry Bozeman and Michael M. Crow explore leadership that serves public values—that is to say, values that are focused on the collective good and fundamental rights rather than profit, organizational benefit, or personal gain. While nearly everyone agrees on core public values, there is less agreement on how to obtain them, especially during this era of increased social and political fragmentation. How does public values leadership differ from other types of organizational leadership, and what distinctive skills does it require? Drawing on their extensive experience as higher education leaders, Bozeman and Crow wrestle with the question of how to best attain universally agreed-upon public values like freedom, opportunity, health, and security. They present conversations and interviews with ten well-known leaders—people who have achieved public values objectives and who are willing to discuss their leadership styles in detail. They also offer a series of in-depth case studies of public values leadership and accomplishment. Public values leadership can only succeed if it includes a commitment to pragmatism, a deep skepticism about government versus market stereotypes, and a genuine belief in the fundamental importance of partnerships and alliances. Arguing for a "mutable leadership," they suggest that different people are leaders at different times and that ideas about natural leaders or all-purpose leaders are off the mark. Motivating readers, including students of public policy administration and practitioners in public and nonprofit organizations, to think systematically about their own values and how these can be translated into effective leadership, Public Values Leadership is highly personal and persuasive.
Public Works Clerk: Passbooks Study Guide (Career Examination Series)
by National Learning CorporationThe Public Works Clerk Passbook® prepares you for your test by allowing you to take practice exams in the subjects you need to study. It provides hundreds of questions and answers in the areas that will likely be covered on your upcoming exam.
Public or Private Education?: Lessons from History (Woburn Education Series)
by Richard AldrichThis collection of essays, edited by the distinguished historian of education Richard Aldrich, examines past, present and future relationships between the private and public dimensions of knowledge and education. Following the introduction, it is divided into three sections: * key themes and turning points in Britain in the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries* examples from the twentieth century of non formal education with particular reference to girls and women, the care and education of pre-school children, sex education and family history* an analysis of the private and public dimensions associated with globalization and international education and of examples drawn from Australia and the USA. This book will become required reading not only in respect of contemporary and historical debates about private and public spheres in education, but also with reference to the wider themes of the creation, diffusion and ownership of knowledge.
Publication Manual (OFFICIAL) 7th Edition of the American Psychological Association
by American Psychological AssociationA WALL STREET JOURNAL, USA TODAY, AND PUBLISHERS WEEKLY BESTSELLER. The newest official release of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition includes four different formats—spiral-bound and tabbed, paperback, hardcover, and ebook, all of which are in full color. It is the official source for APA Style. With millions of copies sold worldwide in multiple languages, the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition is the style manual of choice for writers, researchers, editors, students, and educators in the social and behavioral sciences, natural sciences, nursing, communications, education, business, engineering, and other fields. Known for its authoritative, easy-to-use reference and citation system, the Publication Manual also offers guidance on choosing the headings, tables, figures, language, and tone that will result in powerful, concise, and elegant scholarly communication. It guides users through the scholarly writing process—from the ethics of authorship to reporting research through publication. The seventh edition is an indispensable resource for students and professionals to achieve excellence in writing and make an impact with their work. The seventh edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to reflect best practices in scholarly writing and publishing. All formats are in full color, with a new tabbed spiral version Improved ease of navigation, with many additional numbered sections to help users quickly locate answers to their questions Resources for students on writing and formatting annotated bibliographies, response papers, and other paper types as well as guidelines on citing course materials Dedicated chapter for new users of APA Style covering paper elements and format, including sample papers for both professional authors and student writers New chapter on journal article reporting standards (JARS) that includes updates to reporting standards for quantitative research and the first-ever qualitative and mixed methods reporting standards in APA Style Updated chapter on bias-free language guidelines for writing about people with respect and inclusivity in areas including age, disability, gender, participation in research, racial and ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality More than 40 new sample tables and figures Expanded guidance on ethical writing and publishing practices, including how to ensure the appropriate level of citation, avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism, and navigate the publication process More than 100 new reference examples covering periodicals, books, audiovisual media, social media, webpages and websites, legal resources, and more Guidelines that support accessibility for all users, including simplified reference, in-text citation, and heading formats as well as additional font options
Publicly Engaged Scholars: Next-Generation Engagement and the Future of Higher Education
by John Saltmarsh Margaret A. Post Elaine Ward Nicholas V. LongoThe concern that the democratic purposes of higher education -- and its conception as a public good -- are being undermined, with the growing realization that existing structures are unsuited to addressing today's complex societal problems, and that our institutions are failing an increasingly diverse population, all give rise to questioning the current model of the university. This book presents the voices of a new generation of scholars, educators, and practitioners who are committed to civic renewal and the public purposes of higher education. They question existing policies, structures, and practices, and put forward new forms of engagement that can help to shape and transform higher education to align it with societal needs.The scholars featured in this book make the case for public scholarship and argue that, in order to strengthen the democratic purposes of higher education for a viable future that is relevant to the needs of a changing society, we must recognize and support new models of teaching and research, and the need for fundamental changes in the core practices, policies, and cultures of the academy. These scholars act on their values through collaboration, inclusiveness, participation, task sharing, and reciprocity in public problem solving. Central to their approach is an authentic respect for the expertise and experience that all stakeholders contribute to education, knowledge generation, and community building. This book offers a vision of the university as a part of an ecosystem of knowledge production, addressing public problems with the purpose of advancing a more inclusive, deliberative democracy; and explores the new paradigm for teaching, learning, and knowledge creation necessary to make it a reality.
Publics for Public Schools: Legitimacy, Democracy, and Leadership
by Kathleen Knight AbowitzThis book articulates a path for a renewed conception of-and commitment to-the public dimensions of schooling. It is an interdisciplinary book of philosophy and politics, written for educational leaders working in or on behalf of public schooling. Publics for Public Schools introduces a fresh view on how educational leaders might view the public ideal. In this conception of public work and leadership, educational leaders do not work with the public but help to achieve publics for public schools. The demos, or "the people" in the case of democratic governance of schools, mobilize around particular problems related to young people and schooling; they are best understood not as "the public" but as multiple publics. This book provides a conception of public life and of public leadership that can enable educational leaders of all types to help achieve publics for their schools.
Publish and Prosper: A Strategy Guide for Students and Researchers
by Nathaniel M. LambertIntended to help readers succeed in academia by increasing their scholarly productivity, this book provides strategies for getting articles published quickly in reputable research journals. Rather than focusing on the basics of writing about results, this unique guidebook provides tips on how to approach research, maintain motivation, maximize productivity, and overcome common pitfalls so as to become productive scholars. The strategies reviewed will help readers successfully navigate through graduate school, get a good job, receive grants and promotions, and make important contributions to their field. Written in a breezy style, this book offers case studies, examples, and personal experiences that illustrate the themes of the chapters. Introductions and summaries and key points help to highlight the most critical concepts reviewed in each chapter. Chapter exercises encourage self-reflection and/or the application of the strategies introduced in that chapter. Self-assessment questions in Appendix A help readers pinpoint their strengths and weaknesses.A tracking chart, referred to throughout, provides an effective way to follow the progress of several manuscripts that are at different stages. An interactive version of the chart is available at www.pepstrategies.com along with the time diary and the chapter and self assessment exercises. Although a young scholar, Nathaniel Lambert has an impressive track record. He already has over 50 papers published in research journals. This book reviews winning strategies practiced by the author and additional insights based on conversations with top producing scholars. By diligently applying this book’s core strategies, you too can publish and prosper! Part 1 describes issues related to prioritizing one’s research such as the importance of selecting the right topic and how to use goals and deadlines to enhance motivation. Tips for enhancing efficiency are provided in Part 2 including how to improve writing efficiency, juggle several projects simultaneously, reduce wasting time, and select the best collaborators. Part 3 explores productivity pitfalls and how to avoid them. Tips on how to avoid burnout and distractions and handle rejection are explored. Part 4 provides unique tips to apply at various stages of one’s academic career: undergraduate, graduate, and professional. Practical appendices provide an opportunity to determine one’s strengths and weaknesses keep track of projects, and expand one’s knowledge using the recommended reading list. Intended as a reference for students who are planning to attend graduate school and/or pursue an academic career, this book is ideal for professional development and/or research methods courses taught in the behavioral, social, health, and life sciences and for researchers and professionals looking to increase their publication productivity.
Publishing Pedagogies for the Doctorate and Beyond
by Claire AitchisonWithin a context of rapid growth and diversification in higher degree research programs, there is increasing pressure for the results of doctoral research to be made public. Doctoral students are now being encouraged to publish not only after completion of the doctorate, but also during, and even as part of their research program. For many this is a new and challenging feature of their experience of doctoral education. Publishing Pedagogies for the Doctorate and Beyond is a timely and informative collection of practical and theorised examples of innovative pedagogies that encourage doctoral student publishing. The authors give detailed accounts of their own pedagogical practices so that others may build on their experiences, including: a program of doctoral degree by publication; mentoring strategies to support student publishing; innovations within existing programs, including embedded publication pedagogies; co-editing a special issue of a scholarly journal with students; ‘publication brokering’, and writing groups and writing retreats. With contributions from global leading experts, this vital new book: explores broader issues pertaining to journal publication and the impacts on scholarly research and writing practices for students, supervisors and the academic publishing community takes up particular pedagogical problems and strategies, including curriculum and supervisory responses arising from the ‘push to publish’ documents explicit experiences and practical strategies that foster writing-for-publication during doctoral candidature. Publishing Pedagogies for the Doctorate and Beyond explores the challenges and rewards of supporting doctoral publishing and provides new ways to increase research publication outputs in a pedagogically sound way. It will be a valued resource for supervisors and their doctoral students, as well as for program coordinators and managers, academic developers, learning advisors, and others involved in doctoral education.
Publishing and the Academic World: Passion, purpose and possible futures
by Ciaran Sugrue Sefika MertkanWithin the Academy, itself a changing and increasingly entrepreneurial entity, publishing is no longer an option; it is the universal currency that secures a position, tenure and promotion; it is key to academic life. Providing a panoramic picture of the changing publishing climate, Academic Life and the Publishing Landscape will empower scholars by enabling them to navigate this changing terrain more successfully. This book provides guidance from a range of contributors who use their own wide expertise in writing and publication to document the challenges faced by scholars at different career stages and in different locations. It covers a wide range of debates on publishing, spilt into the following three sections: Mapping the Publication Landscape, Writing for Publication—Learning from Successful Voices, Further Challenges and Possibilities. With topics ranging from the process of preparing manuscripts for publication, including chapters on calculating journal rankings and understanding the Peer Review process, through to chapters on speaking to international audiences and writing for elite international journals, this book offers a unique perspective on how the changing nature of publishing works. This will be a useful guide for scholars across the globe looking to enhance their publication performance, and those questioning what needs to be done in order to understand, navigate and to (re-)position one’s self and institution in this increasingly significant and rapidly altering terrain. Ciaran Sugrue is Professor of Education, University College Dublin, Ireland and has been Head of School from 2011-14. Sefika Mertkan is an Assistant Professor of Educational Leadership and Management at Eastern Mediterranean University.
Publishing during Doctoral Candidature: Policies, Practices, and Identities
by Jun LeiThis book brings together policies, practices, and identities pertaining to doctoral publication through an in-depth longitudinal multiple-case study of doctoral students’ scholarly publishing endeavors. Informed by the theoretical frameworks of neoliberalism and activity theory, it examines doctoral students’ scholarly publishing activities within the context of their doctoral studies. It demonstrates how policies, practices, and identities intersect with each other and reveals how policies may shape doctoral students’ publishing practices and evolving identities. Postgraduates, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of applied linguistics and doctoral education will find it of particular interest. It is also a valuable guide for doctoral students seeking to have their work published and supervisors looking to support their doctoral students’ publishing efforts.
Publishing from your Doctoral Research: Create and Use a Publication Strategy (Insider Guides to Success in Academia)
by Helen Kara Janet SalmonsThe ‘Insider Guides to Success in Academia’ offers support and practical advice to doctoral students and early-career researchers. Covering the topics that really matter, but which often get overlooked, this indispensable series provides practical and realistic guidance to address many of the needs and challenges of trying to operate, and remain, in academia. These neat pocket guides fill specific and significant gaps in current literature. Each book offers insider perspectives on the often implicit rules of the game – the things you need to know but usually aren’t told by institutional postgraduate support, researcher development units, or supervisors – and will address a practical topic that is key to career progression. They are essential reading for doctoral students, early-career researchers, supervisors, mentors, or anyone looking to launch or maintain their career in academia. Today’s researchers have many opportunities for disseminating their work, including traditional and digital publications, written articles, podcasts and other media such as zines and graphic books. But how do they decide which output is right for them, and where to start? Publishing from your Doctoral Research provides methods and tools to help assess, identify, and adapt academic work for publication to support career aspirations. Discussing what publication can achieve in career terms, this book: Explains how to audit doctoral research, and any associated materials, to assess which elements are best suited for publication Provides advice on how to determine what kind of publication is best suited to different types of research Discusses journal articles, books, self-publishing, online and social media options, and alternative methods of publishing Considers each type of publication in light of career aspirations Each chapter includes practical examples, tailored to researchers interested in working in academia, industry or business, a clinical or practical career, or self-employment. Providing key strategy and insight to secure knowledge and success, Publishing from your Doctoral Research is the ideal guide for anyone looking to develop their career through publication within or outside of academia.
Publishing in the Digital Age: How Business Can Thrive in a Rapidly Changing Environment
by Michael N. RossThe world of publishing is evolving at an ever-increasing speed, with developments in digital workstreams and products, customer expectation, enriched content curation, and user-generated content becoming commonplace. In Publishing in the Digital Age: How Business Can Thrive in a Rapidly Changing Environment, Ross discusses the most significant and recent developments in educational and trade publishing, educational technology, and marketing that has enabled a new generation of content creators to reach more consumers. It is the only book that addresses disruption in the industry head on. Building on the insights from his last book, Dealing with Disruption: Lessons from the Publishing Industry, Ross takes a fresh look at the publishing environment and provides the reader with a clear view of how publishing has evolved and how it has benefitted consumers regardless of their preferred medium for accessing knowledge. Through an examination of what has worked and what has not, and with Ross’s unique perspective of more than 35 years of publishing success, Publishing in the Digital Age presents an indispensable overview of the publishing industry, how it has evolved during the first quarter of the 21st century, and how publishers, content providers, and consumers can benefit from the many options that are available today. With insights from industry leaders, Ross discusses new opportunities on the Web, streaming services, and audio formats. He reviews new publishing platforms and provides a practical guide for content developers to address the knowledge needs of their constituents by giving readers real-life, actionable examples of how best to publish their content consistent with users’ purchasing preferences. The book will be of interest to specialists in education: K-12 and higher education, the non-fiction trade, corporate education trainers, and specialist sectors such as scholarly, technical, and medical publishing. It includes clear applications for any business that is undergoing transformation or is forced to make a radical pivot because of sudden environmental changes or market conditions.
Publishing: Principles and Practice
by Richard Guthrie"This is an indispensable and highly-readable study of the publishing industry past, present and future. For students and professionals in publishing it provides an authoritative, up-to-date and reliable account of their complex and rapidly changing industry. For those interested more broadly in the role the creative industries play in the modern world this is a fine introduction. It is to be highly recommended." - Iain Stevenson, Director, UCL Centre for Publishing At last, a readable, authoritative and comprehensive book for students, readers and practitioners in print and digital publishing. The book guides the reader through the history of publishing and the main issues facing the industry today. Among these are: Legal conundrums Cultural conflicts Trade practices Publishing within and across sectors Editorial requirements The challenge of electronic publishing Making your ideas count in print Rationalization and the growth of corporate publishing cultures The result is an exciting one stop guide, written with real flair and aplomb. Packed with helpful real-world examples and illustrative interviews this practical resource leaves no stone of the publishing industry unturned.
Puccini Without Excuses: A Refreshing Reassessment of the World's Most Popular Composer
by William BergerPuccini is the most beloved composer of opera in the world: one quarter of all opera performances in the U.S. are of his operas, his music pervades movie soundtracks, and his plots have infiltrated our popular culture. But, although Puccini’s art still captivates audiences and the popularity of such works as Tosca, La Boh?me, and Madama Butterfly has never waned, he has long been a victim of critical snobbery and cultural marginalization.In this witty and informative guide for beginners and fans alike, William Berger sets the record straight, reclaiming Puccini as a serious artist. Combining his trademark irreverent humor with passionate enthusiasm, Berger strikes just the right balance of introductory information and thought-provoking analysis. He includes a biography, discussions of each opera, a glossary, fun facts and anecdotes, and above all keen insight into Puccini’s enduring power. For anyone who loves Puccini and for anyone who just wonders what all the fuss is about, Puccini Without Excuses is funny, challenging, and always a pleasure to read. INCLUDES:_ Why Puccini’s art and its message of hope is crucial to our world today_ How Anglo audiences often miss the mythic significance of his operas_ The use of his music as shorthand in films, from A Room with a View to Fatal Attraction_ A scene-by scene analysis of each opera_ A guide to the wealth of available recordings, books, and videos
Puccini: A Listener's Guide (Unlocking The Masters Ser.)
by John Bell YoungGiacomo Puccini (1858-1924) began his career at the end of the Romantic period and his death signaled the end of the last major age of Italian opera. During his lifetime and in posterity, the composer's popularity surpassed that of his peers, and three of his works -- La bohéme, Tosca, and Madama Butterfly -- rank among the twenty-first century's ten most-performed operas. With their enchanting melodies, exotic subjects, and realistic plots, Puccini's operas continue to speak to the minds and hearts of listeners. This comprehensive exploration of Puccini's most beloved operas presents concise and entertaining overviews of the composer's works. In addition to exploring the poignant stories that inspired the operas, the guide elaborates on their musical and dramatic content. Part musical analysis and part interpretation, this book is above all a personal appreciation. In addition to offering an ideal companion for opera devotees, the accessible treatment forms an excellent introduction for novices.
Puck detective (Puck #Volumen 3)
by Lisbeth WernerVuelve la estudiante, deportista, capitana y detective Puck en una nueva edición actualizada ilustrada por Montse Martín. Ya conoces a Puck... siempre dispuesta a resolver un buen misterio. El nuevo curso va a poner a prueba sus dotes detectivescas, porque el internado Egeborg anda más revuelto que nunca: ladrones, sustos a media noche y... algún que otro secreto.
Puck en apuros (Puck #Volumen 5)
by Lisbeth WernerVuelve la estudiante, deportista, capitana y detective Puck en una nueva edición actualizada ilustrada por Montse Martín. La primavera llega cargada de emociones al internado Egeborg: paseos a caballo, secretos, nuevos amigos... y algún que otro peligro. Puck se atreve con todo, pero ¿qué pasará cuando unos cazadores furtivos acampen cerca del colegio y una fiera se escape del circo?
Puck en el cine (Puck #Volumen 6)
by Lisbeth WernerVuelve la estudiante, deportista, capitana y detective Puck en una nueva edición actualizada ilustrada por Montse Martín. ¡Últimas noticias! ¡El internado Egeborg podría cerrar sus puertas para siempre! Convertida en una intrépida reportera del nuevo periódico escolar, Puck buscará el modo de salvar su querido colegio... sin imaginar que ella misma está a punto de saltar a la primera página.
Puck en la nieve (Puck #Volumen 4)
by Lisbeth WernerVuelve la estudiante, deportista, capitana y detective Puck en una nueva edición actualizada ilustrada por Montse Martín. Puck y sus amigas se disponen a disfrutar de los meses de invierno: nieve, esquí, patinaje... Sin embargo, a pesar del frío, la cosa está que arde en el internado de Egeborg. ¿Conseguirán Puck y sus compañeros detener al pirómano que acaba de colarse en el colegio?
Puck triunfa (Puck #Volumen 2)
by Lisbeth WernerVuelve la estudiante, deportista, capitana y detective Puck en una nueva edición actualizada ilustrada por Montse Martín. La vida en el internado mixto Egeborg va viento en popa para Puck. El barco que capitanea el padre de su amiga Navío pronto atracará en el puerto cercano y todos irán a visitarlo. ¡La diversión está servida! Y también el misterio...
Pudd'nhead Wilson (SparkNotes Literature Guide Series)
by SparkNotesPudd'nhead Wilson (SparkNotes Literature Guide) by Mark Twain Making the reading experience fun! Created by Harvard students for students everywhere, SparkNotes is a new breed of study guide: smarter, better, faster. Geared to what today's students need to know, SparkNotes provides: *Chapter-by-chapter analysis *Explanations of key themes, motifs, and symbols *A review quiz and essay topicsLively and accessible, these guides are perfect for late-night studying and writing papers
Puerto Rican Chicago: Schooling the City, 1940-1977 (Latinos in Chicago and Midwest)
by Mirelsie VelazquezThe postwar migration of Puerto Rican men and women to Chicago brought thousands of their children into city schools. These children's classroom experience continued the colonial project begun in their homeland, where American ideologies had dominated Puerto Rican education since the island became a US territory. Mirelsie Velázquez tells how Chicago's Puerto Ricans pursued their educational needs in a society that constantly reminded them of their status as second-class citizens. Communities organized a media culture that addressed their concerns while creating and affirming Puerto Rican identities. Education also offered women the only venue to exercise power, and they parlayed their positions to take lead roles in activist and political circles. In time, a politicized Puerto Rican community gave voice to a previously silenced group--and highlighted that colonialism does not end when immigrants live among their colonizers. A perceptive look at big-city community building, Puerto Rican Chicago reveals the links between justice in education and a people's claim to space in their new home.
Puerto Rican Students in U.s. Schools (Sociocultural, Political, and Historical Studies in Education)
by Sonia NietoThis volume--the first edited book on the education of Puerto Ricans written primarily by Puerto Rican authors--focuses on the history and experiences of Puerto Rican students in the United States by addressing issues of identity, culture, ethnicity, language, gender, social activism, community involvement, and policy implications. It is the first book to both concentrate on the education of Puerto Ricans in particular, and to bring together in one volume, the major and emerging scholars who are developing cutting-edge scholarship in the field. Puerto Rican Students in U.S. Schools: * features both scholarly chapters (conceptual and research studies) and reflective essays, as well as two poems, * combines broad overview studies with classroom practice and social action, and * includes chapters that trace the history of the education of Puerto Ricans in U.S. schools in general and its history in New York City, and one chapter on return migrants.