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Scaffolding Language, Scaffolding Learning: Teaching Second Language Learners in the Mainstream Classroom
by Pauline Gibbons Jim CumminsHow does a mainstream elementary classroom teacher with little or no specialized ESL training meet the challenge of teaching linguistically diverse students? Pauline Gibbons suggests how: integrate the teaching of English with the content areas of the regular curriculum. What's more, she shows how in this practical resource book. Gibbons begins with a strong theoretical underpinning for her practice, drawing on a functional model of language, sociocultural theories of learning, and current research on second-language development. After supporting her view that the regular curriculum offers the best language-learning environment for young ESL students, Gibbons demonstrates the ways in which content areas provide a context for the teaching of English, from speaking and listening to reading and writing. These in turn are treated not as discrete skills, but as ones that can also be integrated in the learning of diverse subjects. Gibbons illustrates this with a wide range of teaching and learning activities across the curriculum, supplemented with programming and assessment formats and checklists. Language learning is not a simple linear process, but involves the ongoing development of skills for a range of purposes. Gibbons sees this development as largely the result of the social contexts and interactions in which learning occurs. By focusing on the ways in which teachers can "scaffold" language and learning in the content areas, she takes a holistic approach-one that appreciates the struggle of students learning a new language, while simultaneously developing subject knowledge in it, and the challenge for teachers to address these needs. Given today's culturally and linguistically diverse classrooms, ESL students can no longer be thought of as a group apart from the mainstream-they are. the mainstream. This book describes the ways to ensure that ESL learners become full members of the school community with the language and content skills they need for success.
Scaffolding Young Writers: A Writer's Workshop Approach
by Linda Dorn Carla SoffosThe goal of teaching writing is to create independent and self-motivated writers. When students write more often, they become better at writing. They acquire habits, skills, and strategies that enable them to learn more about the craft of writing. Yet they require the guidance and support of a more knowledgeable person who understands the writing process, the changes over time in writing development, and specific techniques and procedures for teaching writing. In Scaffolding Young Writers: A Writers' Workshop Approach , Linda J. Dorn and Carla Soffos present a clear road map for implementing writers' workshop in the primary grades. Adopting an apprenticeship approach, the authors show how explicit teaching, good models, clear demonstrations, established routines, assisted teaching followed by independent practice, and self-regulated learning are all fundamental in establishing a successful writers' workshop. There is a detailed chapter on organizing for writers' workshop, including materials, components, routines, and procedures. Other chapters provide explicit guidelines for designing productive mini-lessons and student conferences. Scaffolding Young Writers also features: An overview of how children become writers; Analyses of students' samples according to informal and formal writing assessments Writing checklists, benchmark behaviors, and rubrics based on national standards Examples of teaching interactions during mini-lessons and writing conferences Illustrations of completed forms and checklists with detailed descriptions, and blank reproducible forms in the appendix for classroom use Instruction is linked with assessment throughout the book, so that all teaching interactions are grounded in what children already know and what they need to know as they develop into independent writers.
Scala Radio's A Soundtrack for Life: Classical Music to Take You Through the Day
by Scala RadioBringing together much-loved masterpieces with exciting new works, this accessible and inspiring guide is a celebration of classical music. With pieces ranging from Vaughan Williams's The Lark Ascending and Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony to the scores for Avatar and Assassin's Creed, each entry puts the piece of music into context, providing fascinating insights into the inspirations behind each work and enhancing your listening experience. Organised into Occasions and Themes, the book features music to accompany you through your day, from getting up and getting dressed to running, reading, walking the dog, cooking, taking a bath, going to sleep and everything in between. You'll also find expert curations of the world's most romantic music and the greatest Christmas choral works as well as compositions that celebrate the natural world and mark births and marriages. Perfect for classical music enthusiasts as well as anyone looking for an enjoyable introduction to this genre, this is the definitive modern guide to classical music.
Scala Radio's A Soundtrack for Life: Classical Music to Take You Through the Day
by Scala RadioBringing together much-loved masterpieces with exciting new works, this accessible and inspiring guide is a celebration of classical music. With pieces ranging from Vaughan Williams's The Lark Ascending and Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony to the scores for Avatar and Assassin's Creed, each entry puts the piece of music into context, providing fascinating insights into the inspirations behind each work and enhancing your listening experience. Organised into Occasions and Themes, the book features music to accompany you through your day, from getting up and getting dressed to running, reading, walking the dog, cooking, taking a bath, going to sleep and everything in between. You'll also find expert curations of the world's most romantic music and the greatest Christmas choral works as well as compositions that celebrate the natural world and mark births and marriages. Perfect for classical music enthusiasts as well as anyone looking for an enjoyable introduction to this genre, this is the definitive modern guide to classical music.
Scale: Imagination, Perception and Practice in Architecture
by Gerald Adler Gordana Fontana-Giusti Timothy Brittain-CatlinScale is a word which underlies much of architectural and urban design practice, its history and theory, and its technology. Its connotations have traditionally been linked with the humanities, in the sense of relating to human societies and to human form. ‘To build in scale’ is an aspiration that is usually taken for granted by most of those involved in architectural production, as well as by members of the public; yet in a world where value systems of all kinds are being questioned, the term has come under renewed scrutiny. The older, more particular, meanings in the humanities, pertaining to classical Western culture, are where the sense of scale often resides in cultural production. Scale may be traced back, ultimately, to the discovery of musical harmonies, and in the arithmetic proportional relationship of the building to its parts. One might question the continued relevance of this understanding of scale in the global world of today. What, in other words, is culturally specific about scale? And what does scale mean in a world where an intuitive, visual understanding is often undermined or superseded by other senses, or by hyper-reality? Structured thematically in three parts, this book addresses various issues of scale. The book includes an introduction which sets the scene in terms of current architectural discourse and also contains a visual essay in each section. It is of interest to undergraduate and postgraduate students, academics and practitioners in architecture and architectural theory as well as to students in a range of other disciplines including art history and theory, geography, anthropology and landscape architecture.
Scale Operator: Passbooks Study Guide (Career Examination Series)
by National Learning CorporationThe Scale Operator Passbook® prepares you for your test by allowing you to take practice exams in the subjects you need to study. It provides hundreds of questions and answers in the areas that will likely be covered on your upcoming exam, including but not limited to: Understanding and interpreting written material including procedures; Comparing and verifying alpha and numeric characters; Arithmetic reasoning; Ability to interact with the public in a courteous manner; and more.
The Scale-Up Effect in Early Childhood and Public Policy: Why Interventions Lose Impact at Scale and What We Can Do About It
by John A. ListThis critical volume combines theoretical and empirical work across disciplines to explore what threatens scalability—and what enables it—in the early childhood field. Authors and editors provide specific recommendations to help professionals refine and apply the science of scaling in their programs, research, and decision making. Written by leading experts in early childhood, economics, psychology, public health, philanthropy, and more, chapters and commentaries shine light on how to effectively use experimental insights for policy purposes. The result is a comprehensive and forward-thinking guide to the challenges and possibilities of effective scaling in early childhood and beyond. Essential reading for researchers, practitioners, funders, and policy makers alike, this book raises vital questions and provides a vision for the long-term journey to scalable evidence.
The Scale-Up Effect in Early Childhood and Public Policy: Why Interventions Lose Impact at Scale and What We Can Do About It
by John A. ListThis critical volume combines theoretical and empirical work across disciplines to explore what threatens scalability—and what enables it—in the early childhood field. Authors and editors provide specific recommendations to help professionals refine and apply the science of scaling in their programs, research, and decision making.Written by leading experts in early childhood, economics, psychology, public health, philanthropy, and more, chapters and commentaries shine light on how to effectively use experimental insights for policy purposes. The result is a comprehensive and forward-thinking guide to the challenges and possibilities of effective scaling in early childhood and beyond.Essential reading for researchers, practitioners, funders, and policy makers alike, this book raises vital questions and provides a vision for the long-term journey to scalable evidence.
Scales for Guitar I
by Sebastian SalinasScales for Guitar I presents exercises to help you easily learn the major and minor pentatonic and diatonic scales. Learning the scales on a guitar is of the utmost importance for your skills of improvisation and composition. Each of the four scales covered in this book are shown in five positions on the fretboard of the guitar. The goal is that you will know and immediately see all five positions as a single great pattern that covers all strings on your guitar. Practicing these scales in the five positions will give you a deeper understanding of the fretboard and thus improve your guitar playing skills.
Scales for Identifying Gifted Students (SIGS-2): Examiner's Manual
by Kathleen McConnell Gail R. Ryser Laila Y. SangurasScales for Identifying Gifted Students–Second Edition (SIGS-2) offers the most comprehensive observational instrument available for identifying gifted students grades K–12. Used as part of a comprehensive process for identifying gifted children, SIGS-2 offers schools an instrument with extensive statistical and research support.
Scales for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students: Technical and Administration Manual
by Joseph RenzulliThis is the Technical and Administration Manual for the Scales for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students.The Scales for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students are commonly referred to as the Renzulli Scales orRenzulli-Hartman Scales.Now in its third edition, the Renzulli Scales are the nation's most popular tool for identifying gifted children. Supported by 40 years of research, the Renzulli Scales are used by gifted and talented programs across the country. This standardized instrument is completed by teachers and provides an effective method for identifying gifted children. The Scales for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students: Technical and Administration Manual includes technical information about how the scales were developed as well as guidelines for using the scales. The manual includes a review of the supporting research for the instrument, field test data, and construct validity support. The manual also includes in-depth information about administering the Renzulli Scales and interpreting the results.The manual features extensive appendices that include reproducible teacher training activities to help teachers understand how to use the scales and rate students, easy-to-follow instructions on how to establish local norms in a school or district, and a practical plan for identifying students for gifted and talented programs.The Renzulli Scales are designed to obtain teacher estimates of a student's characteristics in the following areas:Learning CharacteristicsCreativity CharacteristicsMotivation CharacteristicsLeadership CharacteristicsArtistic CharacteristicsMusical CharacteristicsDramatics CharacteristicsCommunication Characteristics (Precision)Communication Characteristics (Expressiveness)Planning CharacteristicsMathematics CharacteristicsReading CharacteristicsTechnology CharacteristicsScience CharacteristicsEach scale contains multiple items that are rated using a Likert-type scale. The first four scales (learning, creativity, motivation, and leadership) are used by most schools that use the Scales. The remaining 10 scales are focused on specific areas. They are used by schools when those areas seem appropriate for a gifted program's goals. For example, a program serving gifted math students would use the mathematics scale, a science academy would use the science scale, etc.Research shows that gifted children tend to exhibit certain observable behaviors, such as using advanced vocabulary, grasping underlying principles, and making generalizations from complex information. The Renzulli Scales asks teachers to rate children in comparison to their peers on a host of these observable behaviors. The children who score high on the scales are more likely to be gifted. Using a tool like the Scales, a school can narrow the number of students who will be fully evaluated for a gifted program.The items were chosen from a comprehensive body of research concerning the characteristics of gifted students. Based on a multiple talent approach to the identification of gifted students, the scales help identify student strengths.This is the Technical and Administration Manual only.
Scaling Educational Innovations
by Chee-Kit Looi Laik Woon TehThis volume stimulates critical discussions of the different variants of implementation, translation and scaling research approaches. It presents an integrated collection of different implementation and scaling studies that analyse the different facets of co-design, learning design, curriculum development, technology development, professional development and programme implementation. It also provides critical reflections on their impact and efficacies on transforming practices, informing policy-making, and theory derivation and improvement. The chapters in this volume will provide readers a deeper understanding of scaling of educational innovations in diverse socio-cultural contexts.
Scaling Effective School Mental Health Interventions and Practices
by Lee Kern Mark D. Weist Samuel D. McQuillinThis book describes key practices to bring school mental health programs to scale in a sustainable and effective manner. It emphasizes practices that facilitate the organization and delivery of evidence-based mental health interventions in schools. The volume addresses systems issues and practices that lay the groundwork for creating sustainable school mental health programs. It explores important considerations at the school, district, and state levels; tiered intervention as a framework to support school mental health; preparing the workforce; resource utilization and assuring cultural responsiveness and equity for under-served groups of students. In addition, the book focuses on recent and emerging evidence-based practices for practicably scaling school mental health in schools. Chapters examine systematic screening, followed by specific interventions, including just-in-time training and single session interventions. The book concludes with a focus on ways to address systemic barriers to school mental health, such as addressing the mental health of immigrants. Key areas of coverage include: Communities of practice at different levels of scale (e.g., school building, national). Resource mapping across schools and communities. Screening to match student needs with interventions. Systemic issues in service delivery. Scaling Effective School Mental Health Interventions and Practices is a must-have resource for practitioners, clinicians, and mental health therapists as well as researchers, professors, and graduate students across such interrelated disciplines as school, clinical, and counseling psychology, educational policy and government relations, social work, public health; family leaders and advocates, and medicine and allied health professions (e.g., psychiatry, primary care, nursing, speech and occupational therapy)
Scaling the Ivory Tower: Merit and Its Limits in Academic Careers
by Lionel S. LewisFollowing in the tradition of Thorstein Veblen's Higher Learning in America, Lionel S. Lewis has amassed solid evidence to support his conclusions about what leads to success in Scaling the Ivory Tower. As background to his consideration of academic freedom, sexism, merit, tenure, and other such highly charged subjects, Lewis examines the attitudes of those in universities toward academic qualification. The modern rule of thumb has become publish or perish. According to Lewis, however, research and publication may not be such prime considerations after all.Two thought-provoking chapters are devoted to an examination of letters of recommendation as important factors in hiring and promoting in the academic world. Lewis also scrutinizes academic freedom cases from the archives of the American Association of University Professors. Other intriguing issues examined by Lewis are: how spouses and significant others factor into whether or not a professor gets a promotion; a typical day in the life, both academic and personal, of a professor; how the celebrity syndrome has spread to campus; discrimination against women; and bureaucracy as a contributing factor to campus unrest.In the new introduction, Lewis affirms that the most apparent changes in higher education since Scaling the Ivory Tower was initially published have actually made the campus less meritocratic, and less a place where quality academic work is recognized and rewarded. One contributing factor is the necessity to consider age, gender, ethnicity, and race in personnel decisions. Because many on campus are convinced that academic life can only be improved when the demographics of faculty reflect those in the larger society, departments are routinely expected to explain why they did not fill an opening with someone from an underrepresented group. While showing some irreverence toward academia, Scaling the Ivory Tower should also provoke sober consideration of where our colleges and universities are headed. This is a significant volume for university administrators, academics, and graduate students.
Scaling up Assessment for Learning in Higher Education
by David Carless Susan M. Bridges Cecilia Ka Yuk Chan Rick GlofcheskiA critical issue in higher education is the effective implementation of assessment with the core purpose of promoting productive student learning. This edited collection provides a state-of-the-art discussion of recent, cutting-edge work into assessment for learning in higher education. It introduces a new theme of scaling up, which will be welcomed by theorists, researchers, curriculum leaders and university teachers, and showcases the work of leading figures from Australia, England, continental Europe and Hong Kong. The work illuminates four key elements: (1) Enabling assessment chan≥ (2) Assessment for learning strategies and implementation; (3) Feedback for learning; (4) Using technology to facilitate assessment for learning. Solidly research-based and carrying important implications for enhanced practice in assessment for learning at the university level, it is a must read for academic developers, researchers, university teachers, academic leaders and all those interested in assessment matters.
Scaling-up Higher Order Thinking: Demonstrating a Paradigm for Deep Educational Change
by Anat ZoharThis open access book addresses the evasive problem of why truly effective educational innovation on a wide scale is so difficult to achieve, and what leaders may do about this. Examining the case of system-wide reform processes centering on teaching a thinking-rich curriculum, it discusses general issues pertaining to implementing deep, large-scale changes in the core of learning and instruction. The book emphasizes challenges related to professional development, assessment, achievement gaps, and the tension between knowledge and skills in 21st century curricula. It summarizes insights the author has gained from approximately 25 years of engaging with these topics both as an academic and as a practitioner who led a national change process.With a Forward by David Perkins
Scaling up ICT-based Innovations in Schools: The Singapore Experience (Studies in Singapore Education: Research, Innovation & Practice #3)
by Elizabeth Ruilin Koh David Wei Loong HungThis collected book is about the eduLab projects, an initiative with focus on Scaling Change through Apprenticising and Ecological Leadership, designed to surface and spread ground-up information and communication technology-based pedagogical innovations. It presents the goals and rationale behind eduLab, an overview of the research projects conducted by its principal investigators during its funding tenure, as well as synthesizing thoughts on the entire endeavor. This book not only marks the achievements of the eduLab programme but also serves as inspiration for future projects. It presents Singapore education in action – a continually evolving and adapting education system that delivers a system well known for its high quality as much as it is forward-looking.
Scaling-up Solutions for Farmers: Technology, Partnerships and Convergence
by Suhas P. Wani K. V. Raju Tapas BhattacharyyaThis book provides a unique account of cross-sectoral innovations through efficient partnerships based on the hands-on experience of internationally renowned contributors specialised in the field of Science of Delivery. The challenges and lessons learned from large development initiatives based in Asia, and from the work undertaken by international research institutions, such as the FAO, are brought together in this book to benefit development agencies, policy makers, corporates, post graduate students, farmers’ organizations, and those involved in supplying agricultural inputs and/or buying agricultural produce, particularly in developing countries within Asia and Africa. Through a number of case studies the book describes how the consortium approach of capacity building for equitable and efficient benefits, collective action, and convergence, will benefit millions of small farm-holders in different regions of Asia
Scaling Up Success
by Ellen Condliffe Lagemann Chris Dede James P. Honan Laurence C. PetersDrawing from the information presented at conference sponsored by the Harvard Graduate School of Education and the Mid-Atlantic Regional Technology in Education Consortium, leading educators, researchers, and policymakers, Scaling Up Success translate, theory into practice and provide, a hands-on resource that clearly describes different models for "scaling up" success. This important resource is filled with illustrative examples of best practices that are grounded in real-life case studies of technology-based educational innovation¾from networking a failing school district in New Jersey to using computer visualization to teach scientific inquiry in Chicago. Scaling Up Success show how the lessons learned from technology-based educational innovation can be applied to other school improvement efforts.
The Scam of the Screwball Wizards (Bloodhounds, Inc. #10)
by Bill MyersMadcap MYSTERIES With a MESSAGE! What's going on in the abandoned theater on the outskirts of Midvale? Have monsters really invaded Mrs. Tubbs' home? Is Slobs, the trusted bloodhound, next? Likeable, easy-going Bear isn't really one for reading (except for the back of cereal boxes), so when he starts plowing through a popular new book series, everyone is pretty impressed and a little shocked. But now he's calling himself "The Phangmaster" and no longer cares about his oíd friends--and thinks he can cast spells on anyone who gets in his way. It's up to Bloodhounds, Inc., to find out what's going on as Sean, Melissa, and trusted sidekick Jeremiah get to the bottom of the new craze of fantasy books sweeping their town.
Scamper: Creative Games and Activities for Imagination Development (Combined ed., Grades 2-8)
by Bob EberleThis new edition of Scamper combines the activities formerly found in the original title plus Scamper On into one cohesive and user-friendly volume of the classic thinking skills games. Your students will develop their imaginations through a series of guided activities in which they imagine different events or things. Scamper is a creative thinking technique that helps students imagine the world in a completely new way. In this book, students are challenged to think creatively and develop their powers of imagination. Whether they think up new animals by combining characteristics of two very different animals, or try to imagine the perfect meal, students are motivated to create new ideas.Each activity features a complete teacher script to be read aloud to students as they participate in a Scamper exercise. Teachers are led through each exercise with step-by-step cues on when to wait, how to modify the activity for more or less participation, and how to extend the activity.Each of the imagination activities is designed to fit easily within class time and has been tested by an experienced educator. Ideal for helping students develop imagination for writing classes, the activities are also useful for any class where students must think creatively. By allowing students the freedom to explore their imaginations, they are able to better develop their creativity skills.Grades 2-8
Scan Artist: How Evelyn Wood Convinced the World That Speed-Reading Worked
by Marcia BiedermanThe best-known educator of the 20th century was a scammer in cashmere. "The most famous reading teacher in the world," as television hosts introduced her, Evelyn Wood had little classroom experience, no degrees in reading instruction, and a background that included cooperation with the Third Reich. Nevertheless, a nation spooked by Sputnik and panicked by paperwork eagerly embraced her promises of a speed-reading revolution. Journalists, lawmakers and two US presidents lent credibility to Wood's claims of turbocharging reading speeds through a method once compared to the miracle at Lourdes. A royal-born Wood grad said she'd polished off Moby Dick in three hours; a senator swore he finished one book per lunchtime. Fudging test results, and squelching critics, Wood founded a company that enrolled half a million. The course's popularity endured even as science proved that her system taught only skimming, with disastrous effects on comprehension. As apps and online courses attempt to spark a speed-reading revival, this engaging look at Wood's rise from missionary to marketer exposes the pitfalls of wishful thinking.
Scandal: A Private Novel
by Kate BrianAfter her harrowing kidnapping, Reed returns to Easton to find the worst thing she can think of—Billings has been torn down. Finally, after years of controversy, the school’s wealthiest female alumni have been overruled, and the historical dorm is gone from Easton Academy. How will Reed and the rest of the Billings Girls handle it? Will they still be as powerful, as popular, and as wicked—with literally no ground to stand on?
The Scandal of Cal: Land Grabs, White Supremacy, and Miseducation at UC Berkeley
by Tony PlattThe incendiary story of conquest, racism, warfare, and historical amnesia at one of the world’s most celebrated and ostensibly enlightened public universities."This is a land acknowledgment." —Ruth Wilson Gilmore, author of Abolition Geography: Essays towards Liberation"The Scandal of Cal is a template for scrutinizing other land-grant universities … This is a beautifully written and heartbreaking narrative." —Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, author of An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United StatesThe University of California, Berkeley—widely known as "Cal"—is admired worldwide as a bastion of innovation and a hub for progressive thought. Far less known are the university’s roots in plunder, warfare, and the promotion of white supremacy. As Tony Platt shows in The Scandal of Cal, these original sins sit at the center of UC Berkeley’s history. Platt looks unflinchingly at the university’s desecration of graves and large-scale hoarding of Indigenous remains. He tracks its role in developing the racist pseudoscience of eugenics in the early twentieth century. He sheds light on the school’s complicity with the military-industrial complex and its incubation of unprecedented violence through the Manhattan Project. And he underscores its deliberate and continued evasions about its own wrongdoings, which echo in the institution’s decision-making up to the present day. This book, above all, illuminates Cal’s culpability in some of the cruelest chapters of US history and sounds a clarion call for the university to undertake a thorough and earnest reckoning with its past. It is required reading for Cal alumni, students, faculty, and staff, and for anyone concerned with the impact of higher education in the United States and beyond.
The Scandal of the Kingdom: How the Parables of Jesus Revolutionize Life with God
by Dallas WillardA major new work by Dallas Willard, the highly anticipated follow-up to his seminal work The Divine Conspiracy. In this groundbreaking book based on teachings he delivered to a church community, Willard delves into the transformative power of Jesus's parables, revealing how they show us how to live right now in the kingdom of God.Drawing from his extensive teachings on spiritual formation, Willard illuminates the timeless wisdom contained within each parable, revealing their profound relevance to contemporary life. With clarity and depth, he guides readers through the subversive messages embedded within these seemingly simple stories, urging us to break free from the grip of worldly values and embrace the radical teachings of Jesus.The Scandal of the Kingdom is not just a book--it's a call to action. Willard challenges readers to move beyond passive acceptance of comfortable dogmas and instead to actively engage with the values of the kingdom of God. He reminds us that the kingdom is not some distant future destination but a present reality, beckoning us, as the parables of Jesus did, to live with a new purpose and intentionality in the here and now.Through insightful analysis and practical wisdom, Willard empowers readers to transform their lives and communities by embodying the radical love, compassion, and justice exemplified in Jesus's parables. This book is a beacon of hope for Christians seeking to deepen their faith and live more authentically in accordance with the teachings of Christ. Willard empowers us to:Become more passionate about living the gospel in the full scope of Jesus's vision for usBetter share the faith of Jesus with those disillusioned with ChristianityUnlock the excitement of living in the upside-down kingdom of GodShare the gospel of Jesus in the way he did A significant new resource for Christians worldwide, this book offers a road map for spiritual growth and renewal in an increasingly complex and challenging world. With its profound insights and transformative message, it is destined to leave a lasting impact on the hearts and minds of believers everywhere.