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Fundamental Structures of the Chinese Language: Topic-Comment and Other Key Structures
by Taciana Fisac Riccardo MorattoFundamental Structures of the Chinese Language is an exceptional resource for understanding how Chinese grammar functions in natural discourse.This book departs from the conventional approach of superimposing grammatical constructs from English onto Chinese and focuses on the topic–comment structure inherent in the Chinese language. Constructions that are usually considered complex or challenging for students whose mother tongues are subject–verb–object languages will be more easily understandable with this analysis. Simple and complex verbal structures are discussed in depth with the incorporation of the aspect category, which provides an enormous richness of nuances in the internal development of the action, and word order is considered one of the key features of the Chinese language. All the explanations are applied to numerous examples of real Chinese texts.This textbook is a valuable resource for students, teachers, and researchers in Chinese language courses including Chinese translation, Chinese linguistics, and comparison linguistics in general.
Fundamentals of Arabic Grammar
by Mohammed SawaieFundamentals of Arabic Grammar provides an authoritative guide to Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) grammar. It has been organised to promote a thorough understanding of MSA grammar and presents its complexities in a cohesive and user-friendly format, filling many gaps left by other textbooks. Explanations are clear, full and accessible and extensive cross-referencing, two generous indices and six appendices provide users with easy access to the information they require. No prior knowledge of linguistic terminology is required. Features include: Expert treatment of a full range of grammar topics and structures, including the case system, Idhaafa, the equational sentence, quantifiers and the vocative, generously spread across thirty eight chapters Special attention to parts of speech, such as nouns, pronouns, adjectives, adverbs and propositions, given at the beginning of the book to acquaint students with the basic units of Arabic and provide a solid foundation for further learning A wide range of contemporary examples drawn from real life to provide solid context to grammar points, further supported by word glosses and idiomatic translations of sentences Grammatical terms given in both Arabic and English A wide variety of supplementary learning resources such as practice sheets, exercises and verb tables available for free download at http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415710046/ Substantial bibliography incorporating primary Arabic grammar sources in addition to secondary sources in Arabic and in English Fundamentals of Arabic Grammar has been field tested over a number of years and has been written by a highly experienced teacher of Arabic. It will be an essential resource for students and teachers of Arabic at all university levels and is suitable for use both as a companion reference text in Arabic language courses and as a standalone text in independent grammar classes.
Fundamentals Of English Grammar (Azar Grammar Series)
by Betty Schrampfer AzarThe Fundamentals of English Grammar Workbook consists of self-study exercises for independent work. A classic developmental skills text for lower-intermediate and intermediate English language learners, Fundamentals of English Grammar is a comprehensive grammar as well as a stimulating and teachable classroom text.
The Fundamentals of Lebanese Grammar
by Richard A. KlineThe Fundamentals of Lebanese Grammar provides a comprehensive guide to the grammar of the spoken language of Lebanon. It presents the fundamentals and complexities of the Lebanese variety of Arabic in a practical and organized way. This guide also utilizes side-by-side transliterations in both the Arabic script and the Latin alphabet in the way that they are used by native speakers. The explanations of the grammar concepts are presented in English and are made to be easily understandable for everyone, regardless of prior linguistic knowledge. Special features of this text include endnotes on culture, expressions, and an entire chapter dedicated to regional varieties of Lebanese. This book is an essential tool for all learners of the Lebanese variety of Arabic, and it is a useful resource for every stage of the language learning process, from beginner to advanced.
Fundamentals of the Persian Alphabet: Letters and Sounds
by Shahla AdelFundamentals of the Persian Alphabet introduces complete beginners to the letters and sounds of Persian through pronunciation, basic vocabulary and phrases, conversation, and Persian culture. Students are also introduced to the distinction between the formal and informal forms of the language. As knowledge of letter–sound correspondence and phonological awareness is key to language learning, this textbook ensures learners start their learning journey with a strong foundation. This book is divided into six lessons presenting the modern Persian alphabet in groups of mostly similarly shaped letters that will allow learners to begin blending letters and segmenting words as soon as possible to make learning easier. With the guidance of additional audio and video resources, a comprehensive Persian–English glossary, and listening, speaking, reading, and writing exercises throughout the book, students will acquire the fundamental skills and knowledge for furthering their learning of the language. The ideal starting point for beginners, Fundamentals of the Persian Alphabet is designed for learners with very little or no previous knowledge of the language and is suitable for both independent and class-based study.
Fusion of Critical Horizons in Chinese and Western Language, Poetics, Aesthetics (Chinese Literature and Culture in the World)
by Ming Dong GuThis book begins with a reflection on dichotomies in comparative studies of Chinese and Western literature and aesthetics. Critiquing an oppositional paradigm, Ming Dong Gu argues that despite linguistic and cultural differences, the two traditions share much common ground in critical theory, aesthetic thought, metaphysical conception, and reasoning. Focusing on issues of language, writing, and linguistics; metaphor, metonymy, and poetics; mimesis and representation; and lyricism, expressionism, creativity, and aesthetics, Gu demonstrates that though ways of conception and modes of expression may differ, the two traditions have cultivated similar aesthetic feelings and critical ideas capable of fusing critical and aesthetic horizons. With a two-way dialogue, this book covers a broad spectrum of critical discourses and uncovers fascinating connections among a wide range of thinkers, theorists, scholars, and aestheticians, thereby making a significant contribution to bridging the aesthetic divide and envisioning world theory and global aesthetics.
Futbol Mundial Espana
by Ethan Zohn David RosenbergViajando al país que ganó la Copa Mundial FIFA 2010, este manual instructivo explora la cultura de España a través del deporte más popular del mundo: el fútbol. Desde ver un partido increíble entre los rivales de primera categoría FC Barcelona y Real Madrid hasta explorar paisajes volcánicos de las islas y participar en las muchas fiestas que se celebran allí, los lectores acompañan al jugador de fútbol profesional Ethan Zohn para una experiencia inolvidable. Algunas de las actividades en cada capítulo incluyen aprender una frase en cada una de las lenguas habladas en España, hacer castillos de arena de goteo para comprender el concepto de la tensión superficial y crear una cápsula de tiempo única a la cultura y la era de una familia española. Los lectores también tendrán la oportunidad de investigar un proyecto real en España a través del cual pueden ofrecer algo a la sociedad y hacer una diferencia en este país fascinante.
Futbol Mundial Mexico
by Ethan Zohn David RosenbergSiguiendo el jugador de fútbol profesional Ethan Zohn en otra aventura global, este manual educacional y entretenido explora la cultura y las costumbres de México. Desde un recorrido a pie del Distrito Federal y visitas a las ruinas de las civilizaciones antiguas del país hasta un santuario maravilloso para la migración de las mariposas y la lucha libre animada, esta investigación explora el México real y evita las comunes trampas para turistas y las ciudades fronterizas. Las actividades presentadas en cada capítulo incluyen proyectos de la matemática y la ciencia basados en la cultura maya, ejercicios de escritura creativa y arte inspirados por el arte popular y las celebraciones mexicanas y recetas sencillas tradicionales. Manteniéndose fiel a la serie, este libro provee la oportunidad de investigar un proyecto caritativo en México y hacer una diferencia en este gran país.
Future 2 Student Book With App
by Sarah LynnSince it was first published, Future has helped over half a million students learn English and achieve their personal, career, and educational goals. Now in its second edition, this effective six-level program continues to address the diverse needs of adult learners, equipping them with transferrable academic, workplace, and English communication skills. Future, Second Edition supports the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) goals and helps students develop the skills outlined in the College and Career Readiness Standards and the English Language Proficiency Standards. New to this edition - Updated content exposes students to language and concepts used in workplace, school, and community settings. - More workplace vocabulary and skills, and functional language prepare learners for career success. - New content-rich readings with level-appropriate text complexity build content knowledge, introduce academic vocabulary, and require learners to analyze text and cite evidence to extend their learning. - New writing lessons focus on analyzing models, brainstorming, organizing ideas, and synthesizing unit learning into well-organized writing outcomes. - New Soft Skills at Work lessons help learners develop essential social and cultural skills, critical to career advancement and success. - Increased rigor built into all lessons at every level challenges learners to analyze, evaluate, predict, infer, and problem-solve. - Enhanced unit goals and lesson objectives ensure learners track and reflect on their own progress. Other highlights - Latest digital tools help develop students’ digital skills. - Research-based teaching strategies provide creative solutions for all stages of lesson planning and implementation. - Comprehensive digital and print resources for teachers enhance classroom instruction and simplify lesson planning. - Correlations to standards guide and support teachers in aligning their instruction with current standards. - Mapped to the Global Scale of English.
The Future of English in Asia: Perspectives on language and literature (Routledge Studies in World Englishes)
by Michael O'Sullivan David Huddart Carmen LeeThis collection is unique in bringing together key thinkers on language and literature to discuss the future of English in Asia. Many of the contributors are themselves responsible for important sub-genres in English linguistics and literary studies and this collection gives them the opportunity to respond to each other directly. The different chapters also respond to different contemporary debates and emerging trends and discourses that are hugely important for the future of English language teaching in schools across Asia. This volume is also ground-breaking in bringing English literary studies and Applied English Linguistics together in the contemporary Asian context. The Future of English in Asia includes studies on the following subject areas: Cultural Translation in World Englishes, Multilingual Education, English Futures and the function of Literature, English Literary Studies in Japan, and English and Social Media in Asia. Well into this century, it appears that it is still very difficult to know what to expect when it comes to the future of English. The future of English will continue to be determined by complex local contexts. As it has in other parts of the world, the future of English in Asia will continue to rely on the proliferation of its transformations as much as its hegemonic status. This volume reflects the widespread acknowledgement that whatever future English has will inevitably be shaped by its fate in Asia. The collection will be a welcome resource for scholars and students of English linguistics, English literary studies, and topics related to the teaching of English in Asia.
Gaeilge i Mo Chroí - Irish In My Heart: Your Guide to Loving and Living the Irish Language
by Molly Nic CéileHow do you feel about embracing Ireland's native tongue? At odds after a tricky relationship at school? Maybeyou've given up, or don't know where to start?Well, is fada an bóthar nach mbíonn casadh ann - long is the road that has no turn and, in this book, the road is about to turn.Molly Nic Céile - creator of social media sensation for Irish-language learners and lovers Gaeilge i Mo Chroí - invites us to connect with Irish in our hearts, as we set out on a journey of renewed pride sa Ghaeilge. Using seanfhocail agus scéalta, proverbs and stories, and with plenty of craic along the way - including the hilarious 'if Irish were English' approach to better understanding sentence structure - the book offers guidance on bringing Irish into our everyday lives, supported by useful word and phrase glossaries throughout.Connect with an Ghaeilge you didn't know you knew, embrace na botúin - the mistakes - and discover the richness that our beautiful language - ár dteanga álainn - has to offer.
Gaeilge i Mo Chroí - Irish In My Heart: Your Guide to Loving and Living the Irish Language
by Molly Nic CéileHow do you feel about embracing Ireland's native tongue? At odds after a tricky relationship at school? Maybeyou've given up, or don't know where to start?Well, is fada an bóthar nach mbíonn casadh ann - long is the road that has no turn and, in this book, the road is about to turn.Molly Nic Céile - creator of social media sensation for Irish-language learners and lovers Gaeilge i Mo Chroí - invites us to connect with Irish in our hearts, as we set out on a journey of renewed pride sa Ghaeilge. Using seanfhocail agus scéalta, proverbs and stories, and with plenty of craic along the way - including the hilarious 'if Irish were English' approach to better understanding sentence structure - the book offers guidance on bringing Irish into our everyday lives, supported by useful word and phrase glossaries throughout.Connect with an Ghaeilge you didn't know you knew, embrace na botúin - the mistakes - and discover the richness that our beautiful language - ár dteanga álainn - has to offer.
The Gaelic-English Dictionary
by Colin B.D. MarkThis book fulfils a keenly-felt need for a modern, comprehensive dictionary of Scottish Gaelic into English. The numerous examples of usage and idiom in this work have been modelled on examples culled from modern literature, and encompass many registers ranging from modern colloquial speech, to more elaborate literary constructions. The main contemporary terms and idiomatic phraseology, often not available in other dictionaries, provide excellent models for easier language learning. In addition to the main dictionary, the volume contains introductory material, providing guidance on using the dictionary, spelling and pronunciation. There are also twelve useful appendices which cover not only the various parts of speech, lenition and proper nouns, but also address the more difficult issues of expressing time, direction and numerals. The clarity of the design and layout of the volume will greatly ease the process of attaining mastery of the Gaelic language.
Gaelic Gold: A Learner's Dictionary/Phrasebook
by Elfreda Crehan Lexus Peter Terrell Steaphan MacrisnidhThe Gaelic Gold learner's dictionary and phrasebook gives you a detailed yet easy-to-use A to Z list of English words and phrases with Scottish Gaelic translations for quick-find reference. There are more than 6000 words and phrases, vocabulary for modern 21st century life; and the Gaelic translations come together with an easy-to-read pronunciation guide. Special features are useful language notes explaining and illustrating basic features of the Gaelic language; typical replies to commonly asked questions; dialogues in English and Gaelic; tables of irregular verbs and prepositional pronouns. You can use this new book to learn a few Gaelic phrases; or you can use it as a tool for learning the language. As the Gaels say: one language is not enough!
Galician and Irish in the European Context
by Bernadette O’rourkeAn exploration of the role of language attitudes and ideologies in predicting the survival prospects of a minority language. The author examines this role through a cross-national comparative analysis of Irish in the Republic of Ireland and Galician in the Autonomous Community of Galicia in north-west Spain.
Games and Puzzles for English as a Second Language (Dover Puzzle Games Ser.)
by Victoria Fremont Brenda FloresStudents can hone their verbal and grammatical skills with this entertaining workbook. Search-a-words, crossword puzzles, anagrams, and other challenges build vocabulary and spelling skills. They also help students understand and identify idioms, irregular past tenses and participles, and other linguistic stumbling blocks. Perfect for individual study or as a course supplement.
Gems of Japanized English
by Miranda KenrickJapanese do things better, this book may be the ideal antidote. Even the Japanese are quick to admit that despite their enthusiasm for learning it, they still have a certain amount of difficulty with the English language.This is no new phenomenon. Shortly after Japan opened her ports to foreign traders, one doctor advertised himself as "a Specialist in the Decease of Children"; eggs were sold as "extract of fowl" ; and a notice advised that "Tomorrow, from midnight to 12 noon, you will receive dirty water. " Fortunately, things are improving, but very slowly. A more recent English-language newspaper reported that someone's "wedding was consummated in the garden of the American consul's home," while a road sign was posted near a busy intersection that commanded drivers to "Have many accidents here."Long-time Tokyo resident Miranda Kenrick has collected these and hundreds of other delightful anecdotes to form a lighthearted, but unabashedly affectionate, portrait of the J apanese at home. R eading this book may do more for U.S.-Japan relations than a whole bookshelf of more seriousminded tomes.
Gems of Japanized English
by Miranda KenrickJapanese do things better, this book may be the ideal antidote. Even the Japanese are quick to admit that despite their enthusiasm for learning it, they still have a certain amount of difficulty with the English language.This is no new phenomenon. Shortly after Japan opened her ports to foreign traders, one doctor advertised himself as "a Specialist in the Decease of Children"; eggs were sold as "extract of fowl" ; and a notice advised that "Tomorrow, from midnight to 12 noon, you will receive dirty water. " Fortunately, things are improving, but very slowly. A more recent English-language newspaper reported that someone's "wedding was consummated in the garden of the American consul's home," while a road sign was posted near a busy intersection that commanded drivers to "Have many accidents here."Long-time Tokyo resident Miranda Kenrick has collected these and hundreds of other delightful anecdotes to form a lighthearted, but unabashedly affectionate, portrait of the J apanese at home. R eading this book may do more for U.S.-Japan relations than a whole bookshelf of more seriousminded tomes.
Gender, Discourse and Ideology in Italian (Palgrave Studies In Language, Gender And Sexuality Ser.)
by Federica FormatoThis book analyses gendered language in Italian, shedding light on how the Italian language constructs and reproduces the social imbalance between women and men, and presenting indirect and direct instances of asymmetrical constructions of gender in public and private roles. The author examines linguistic treatments of women in politics and the media, as well as the gendered crime of femminicidio, i.e. the killing of women by their (former) partners. Through the combination of corpus linguistics, surveys, and discourse analysis, she establishes a new approach to the study of gendered Italian, a framework which can be applied to other languages and epistemological sites. This book will be of particular interest to students and scholars of sociolinguistics, language and gender, discourse analysis, Italian and other Romance languages.
Gender, Sprache, Kognition: Eine linguistische Untersuchung zu gender-inklusivem Sprachgebrauch im Spanischen (Linguistik in Empirie und Theorie/Empirical and Theoretical Linguistics)
by Miriam ZapfDie Debatte über gender-inklusiven Sprachgebrauch wird in der Wissenschaft wie in der Gesellschaft kontrovers geführt. Dabei werden kognitive Aspekte häufig vernachlässigt; dies gilt in besonderem Ausmaß für das Spanische, wo die Interpretation „generischer“ Maskulina und gender-inklusiver Formen der Personenbezeichnung aus psycholinguistischer Perspektive praktisch nicht erforscht ist. Die vorliegende Arbeit leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag, um diese Forschungslücke zu schließen und die eher theoretisch und z.T. ideologisch geprägte Debatte auf eine empirische Basis zu stellen. Mithilfe eines innovativen Versuchsaufbaus, der auch nicht-binäre Personenbezeichnungsformen berücksichtigt, untersucht sie, welche Assoziationen „generische“ Maskulina sowie alternative, gender-inklusive Formen hervorrufen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass „generische“ Maskulina oft mit einem male bias interpretiert werden, das in einigen Fällen durch gender-inklusive Formen reduziert oder beseitigt werden kann. Die Ergebnisse geben außerdem Hinweise auf eine Dynamik, die in der Forschung bislang kaum diskutiert wird: Womöglich gehen gerade eine zunehmende Thematisierung und Umsetzung gender-inklusiven Sprachgebrauchs damit einher, dass „generische“ Maskulina immer weniger generisch interpretiert werden, gender-inklusive Personenbezeichnungsformen hingegen immer stärker.
The General Theory of Dunhuang Studies (Qizhen Humanities and Social Sciences Library)
by Jinbao LiuDunhuang studies refer to a discipline focusing on Dunhuang Manuscripts, Dunhuang grotto art, the theory of Dunhuang studies, and Dunhuang history and geography. It is a broad subject of studying, excavating, sorting, and protecting the cultural relics and documents in the Dunhuang area of China.The General Theory of Dunhuang Studies explores the basic concept of Dunhuang studies. It presents a more comprehensive and systematic study of six aspects of Dunhuang, covering the background of Dunhuang studies in orientalism, the history of Dunhuang, Dunhuang grotto art, the scattering of Dunhuang cultural relics, Dunhuang manuscripts, and the history of Dunhuang studies, and discussing and summarizing the relevant national and international research.The General Theory of Dunhuang Studies has extensively absorbed the research achievements of domestic and foreign academic circles and the author's decades of academic research experience. As a comprehensive and systematic academic monograph with both academic depth and extensive readability, the book provides descriptions, theory and objective comments written in a clear and straightforward style; the book is intended for professional scholars, graduates and general readers. It is an excellent teaching and learning resource for those interested in understanding and learning about Dunhuang studies. However, it is also a helpful reference book for readers interested in Dunhuang culture.
Generation 1.5 in College Composition: Teaching Academic Writing to U.S.-Educated Learners of ESL
by Mark Roberge Meryl Siegal Linda Harklau'… A well-organized volume with a strong emphasis on pedagogy.' – Trudy Smoke, Hunter College/City University of New York, USA 'Generation 1.5 is the most interesting topic of concern in ESL today, yet publications are few and far between.... The editors clearly know what they’re doing…. They know the field, know the subject matter, and understand the problems…. This volume contributes to the thinking in the field.' – Linda Lonon Blanton, University of New Orleans, USA Building on the work that has been done over the past decade, this volume provides theoretical frameworks for understanding debates about immigrant students, studies of students’ schooling paths and language and literacy experiences, and pedagogical approaches for working with Generation 1.5 students. Generation 1.5 in College Composition: is designed to help both scholars and practitioners reconceptualize the fields of College Composition and TESOL and create a space for research, theory, and pedagogy focusing on postsecondary immigrant ESL students provides both important new theoretical work (which lays the underpinnings for serious pedagogical innovation) and important new pedagogical approaches. Because of their varied and complex language and literacy profiles, Generation 1.5 students are found in developmental English courses, college ESL courses, and mainstream college writing courses. This volume is directed to preservice and inservice teachers, teacher educators, and researchers involved with educating Generation 1.5 students in these and other contexts.
Generation 1.5 Meets College Composition: Issues in the Teaching of Writing To U.S.-Educated Learners of ESL
by Linda Harklau Kay M. Losey Meryl SiegalAn increasing number of students graduate from U.S. high schools and enter college while still in the process of learning English. This group--the "1.5 generation"--consisting of immigrants and U.S. residents born abroad as well as indigenous language minority groups, is rapidly becoming a major constituency in college writing programs. These students defy the existing categories in most college writing programs, and in the research literature. Experienced in American culture and schooling, they have characteristics and needs distinct from the international students who have been the subject of most research and literature on ESL writing. Furthermore, in studies of mainstream college composition, basic writing, and diversity, these students' status as second-language learners is usually left unaddressed or even misconstrued as underpreparation. Nevertheless, research and pedagogical writings have yet to take up the particular issues entailed in teaching composition to this student population. The intent in this volume is to bridge this gap and to initiate a dialogue on the linguistic, cultural, and ethical issues that attend teaching college writing to U.S.-educated linguistically diverse students. This book is the first to address explicitly issues in the instruction of "1.5 generation" college writers. From urban New York City to midwestern land grant universities to the Pacific Rim, experienced educators and researchers discuss a variety of contexts, populations, programs, and perspectives. The 12 chapters in this collection, authored by prominent authorities in non-native language writing, are research based and conceptual, providing a research-based survey of who the students are, their backgrounds and needs, and how they are placed and instructed in a variety of settings. The authors frame issues, raise questions, and provide portraits of language minority students and the classrooms and programs that serve them. Together, the pieces paint the landscape of college writing instruction for 1.5 generation students and explore the issues faced by ESL and college writing programs in providing appropriate writing instruction to second-language learners arriving from U.S. high schools. This book serves not only to articulate an issue and set an agenda for further research and discussion, but also to suggest paths toward linguistic and cultural sensitivity in any writing classroom. It is thought-provoking reading for college administrators, writing teachers, and scholars and students of first- and second-language composition.
Genre-Based Writing: What Every ESL Teacher Needs to Know
by Christine TardyIn Genre-Based Writing, author Christine Tardy defines genre and genre-based writing instruction and the five principles of a genre-based pedagogy. She then explains how to design genre-based writing activities. By discussing the genre-related practices and social and rhetorical aspects of genre, she is able to outline strategies for exploring rhetorical moves and playing with genre form in the classroom. In addition, the book provides general tips for bringing a genre approach into the writing classroom as well as several application activities and specific suggestions for classroom tasks.
Georgian: A Comprehensive Grammar (Routledge Comprehensive Grammars)
by Tinatin Bolkvadze Dodona KiziriaGeorgian: A Comprehensive Grammar constitutes a complete reference work addressing all major elements of modern Georgian grammar and usage. It provides a systematic and accessible description of the language’s phonology, orthography, morphology, and syntax. The focus is on contemporary spoken and written usage, with attention devoted throughout to differences in register and genre. Points are illustrated with examples drawn from a range of authentic written and recorded sources, such as press, radio, and television. The grammar is designed for a wide readership, including students of Georgian, particularly at the intermediate and advanced levels, as well as scholars of Georgian and theoretical linguistics.