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Reducing Geographical Imbalances of Health Workers in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Labor Market Perspective on What Works, What Does Not, and Why
by Agnes Soucat Christophe Lemiere Negda Jahanshahi Ellen Smith Christopher HerbstThe human resources crisis in the health sector has been gathering attention on the global stage. To date, however, most of this attention has focused on shortages of health human resources (HRH) at the national level. At least as important are problems at the sub-national level. Massive geographic and skill mix imbalances are reflected in the perilous undersupply of HRH in most rural areas. Virtually all Sub-Saharan African countries suffer from significant geographic imbalances. Very little substantive information or documentation exists on the problem. Even less is known about the lessons from policies aimed at addressing urban-rural human resource imbalances, let alone experiences of Sub-Saharan Africa countries, with such policies. There also appears to be a disconnect between the objectives and efforts of policymakers on the one hand and the functioning of national health labor markets and labor market behavior on the other hand. This disconnect hinders policy effectiveness and the efficient utilization of resources intended to narrow urban-rural inequities. In Sub-Saharan Africa government policies, often limited to the management of public sector vacancies, appear to be elaborated, prescribed, and implemented independently of labor market considerations. Partly as a result, they are unable to effectively address urban-rural imbalances, which are an outcome of labor market dynamics. This report discusses and analyzes labor market dynamics and outcomes (including unemployment, worker shortages, and urban-rural imbalances of categories of health workers) from a labor economics perspective. It then use insights from this perspective as a basis for elaborating policy options that incorporate the underlying labor market forces. The goal of the study is to address undesirable outcomes (including urban-rural HRH imbalances) more effectively. The book is thus suitable for researchers, policy analysts and policy makers with an interest in understanding and improving the allocation of human resources for health in the developing world.
Reducing High Blood Pressure for Beginners: A Cookbook for Eating and Living Well
by Kim LarsonTake heart—controlling your blood pressure is easy with this beginner's cookbook.If you've been diagnosed with high blood pressure, changing the way you eat can make all the difference. Reducing High Blood Pressure for Beginners can help you manage—or even prevent—hypertension through delicious, nutritious recipes that you can cook at home with ease.Join the millions of Americans who have lowered their blood pressure through the DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). Reducing High Blood Pressure for Beginners can transform your health and well-being with time-saving, budget-friendly meals you'll love: Fireside Beef Stew, 30-Minute Marinara, and Chicken Curry in a Hurry, to name a few.Inside this essential blood pressure cookbook you'll find:Beginners welcome—This hypertension-centric cookbook is perfect for beginners who are starting the path to better living.Savor the flavor—These pages are packed with 75 quick, easy recipes—including meat dishes, vegetarian dishes, and even gluten-free dishes—that taste great and help lower blood pressure long-term.Get the facts—Clear, easy-to-understand medical information about causes, treatments, and the impact of lifestyle changes will help guide you on your way to improved health.Now you can control your blood pressure and enjoy delicious food at the same time.
Reducing Maternal and Neonatal Mortality in Indonesia
by National Research Council Policy and Global Affairs Development, Security, and Cooperation Joint Committee on Reducing Maternal and Neonatal Mortality in Indonesia Indonesian Academy of SciencesThe Republic of Indonesia, home to over 240 million people, is the world's fourth most populous nation. Ethnically, culturally, and economically diverse, the Indonesian people are broadly dispersed across an archipelago of more than 13,000 islands. Rapid urbanization has given rise to one megacity (Jakarta) and to 10 other major metropolitan areas. And yet about half of Indonesians make their homes in rural areas of the country. Indonesia, a signatory to the United Nations Millennium Declaration, has committed to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). However, recent estimates suggest that Indonesia will not achieve by the target date of 2015 MDG 4 - reduction by two-thirds of the 1990 under - 5 infant mortality rate (number of children under age 5 who die per 1,000 live births) - and MDG 5 - reduction by three-quarters of the 1990 maternal mortality ratio (number of maternal deaths within 28 days of childbirth in a given year per 100,000 live births). Although much has been achieved, complex and indeed difficult challenges will have to be overcome before maternal and infant mortality are brought into the MDG-prescribed range. Reducing Maternal and Neonatal Mortality in Indonesia is a joint study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the Indonesian Academy of Sciences that evaluates the quality and consistency of the existing data on maternal and neonatal mortality; devises a strategy to achieve the Millennium Development Goals related to maternal mortality, fetal mortality (stillbirths), and neonatal mortality; and identifies the highest priority interventions and proposes steps toward development of an effective implementation plan. According to the UN Human Development Index (HDI), in 2012 Indonesia ranked 121st out of 185 countries in human development. However, over the last 20 years the rate of improvement in Indonesia\'s HDI ranking has exceeded the world average. This progress may be attributable in part to the fact that Indonesia has put considerable effort into meeting the MDGs. This report is intended to be a contribution toward achieving the Millennium Development Goals.
Reducing Risk in Fertility Treatment
by Raj MathurIn the last 15 years, fertility treatment has become mainstream medical practice. With this evolution has come a change in focus from effectiveness ('success rates') to safety, patient acceptability and ethical questions. It is recognized that effectiveness also depends crucially on safety and good risk management. The purpose of this book is to address this wider change in focus. Reducing Risk in Fertility Treatment examines risk in assisted conception, covering a wide range of topics and areas. 'Risk' refers to situations in which an outcome of value to people is uncertain. Specifically for the purpose of this book, 'Risk' means situations where patients or professionals or society as a whole is at risk of an adverse outcome in relation to fertility treatment. It therefore encompasses clinical complications, risks inherent in laboratory practice, reputational and business risks to clinics and ethical risks to society as a whole. It will be an essential resource for all clinic staff to consult in reducing the risk associated with their work. It will provide practical resources such as 'how to' guides, but also a theoretical discussion of uncertainty where this exists. The book is primarily directed to practitioners in the area of fertility treatment, namely clinicians, embryologists, nurses, counsellors and administrators. However, it is likely also to be relevant to policy-makers, commissioners of health services, researchers in this field and biomedical ethicists.
Reducing Suicide: A National Imperative
by Committee on Pathophysiology Prevention Of Adolescent Adult SuicideEvery year, about 30,000 people die by suicide in the U.S., and some 650,000 receive emergency treatment after a suicide attempt. Often, those most at risk are the least able to access professional help.Reducing Suicide provides a blueprint for addressing this tragic and costly problem: how we can build an appropriate infrastructure, conduct needed research, and improve our ability to recognize suicide risk and effectively intervene. Rich in data, the book also strikes an intensely personal chord, featuring compelling quotes about people’s experience with suicide. The book explores the factors that raise a person’s risk of suicide: psychological and biological factors including substance abuse, the link between childhood trauma and later suicide, and the impact of family life, economic status, religion, and other social and cultural conditions. The authors review the effectiveness of existing interventions, including mental health practitioners’ ability to assess suicide risk among patients. They present lessons learned from the Air Force suicide prevention program and other prevention initiatives. And they identify barriers to effective research and treatment.This new volume will be of special interest to policy makers, administrators, researchers, practitioners, and journalists working in the field of mental health.
Reducing the Burden of Injury: Advancing Prevention and Treatment
by Institute of MedicineInjuries are the leading cause of death and disability among people under age 35 in the United States. Despite great strides in injury prevention over the decades, injuries result in 150,000 deaths, 2.6 million hospitalizations, and 36 million visits to the emergency room each year.Reducing the Burden of Injury describes the cost and magnitude of the injury problem in America and looks critically at the current response by the public and private sectors, including: Data and surveillance needs.Research priorities.Trauma care systems development.Infrastructure support, including training for injury professionals.Firearm safety.Coordination among federal agencies. The authors define the field of injury and establish boundaries for the field regarding intentional injuries. This book highlights the crosscutting nature of the injury field, identifies opportunities to leverage resources and expertise of the numerous parties involved, and discusses issues regarding leadership at the federal level.
Reefer Madness: Sex, Drugs, and Cheap Labor in the American Black Market
by Eric SchlosserEssays explore the social and economic effects on groups and individuals of our underground economy. The underground economy has subtle and surprising effects on the United States as.
Reefer Sanity: Seven Great Myths About Marijuana
by Kevin SabetIn this book, Kevin A. Sabet argues that the United States should not legalize pot with all of its attendant social costs, nor damage the future prospects of pot smokers by prosecuting and jailing them.
Reefer Wellness: Understanding Cannabis Science, Culture, and Medicine
by Dr. Riley KirkAre you canna-curious? Put aside the stigma and discover the powerful potential of weed.For centuries, the marijuana plant has been revered for its healing properties, but it&’s also been criminalized, abused, and misunderstood. Although cannabis is now legal in much of the United States, many people are still confused about how to access it and unsure about how to use it safely and effectively. Enter Reefer Wellness, an all-encompassing guide to cannabis from scientist and researcher, Dr. Riley Kirk.With colorful illustrations and everyday language, Reefer Wellness challenges the stereotypes about pot use and breaks down the complexities of cannabis for anyone who&’s ever wondered if weed could help them relax or relieve chronic ailments. Whether you&’re an everyday user or just starting out on your healing journey with cannabis, you&’ll find answers to your questions and science-backed evidence to support your use. In it, you&’ll get:An introduction to the endocannabinoid system (ECS), the powerful regulatory system in the human body that controls everything from hunger signals to painA clear, visual explanation of how the molecular components of cannabis interact with the ECS, making it a uniquely powerful tool for healingGuidance on how to consume cannabis, including the pros and cons of different delivery systems and how to customize your dosageAn overview of ailments that can be addressed with cannabis, such as chronic pain, sleep disorders, and insomniaTips for minimizing the side effects of marijuana use, like munchies, bloodshot eyes, and cottonmouthLet Reefer Wellness jumpstart your deep and meaningful journey into the wonderful and nuanced world of modern cannabis and get ready to unlock its incredible healing potential.
Refeições para Panela de Pressão
by Sarah Sophia Selma Regina da SilvaRefeições para Panela de Pressão por Sarah Sophia 30 Refeições Rápidas e Deliciosas para a Sua Panela de Pressão Que A Sua Família Vai Adorar Refeições para Panela de Pressão The Essential Kitchen Series, Livro 17 Passe menos tempo na cozinha, tenha uma alimentação mais saudável e economize comendo em casa mais vezes! Você sabe que pode preparar uma refeição em uma panela de pressão de maneira rápida e fácil, mas quantas vezes você a usa? O problema é a falta de receitas práticas e caseiras. O The Essential Kitchen Series muda esse pensamento apresentando o livro Refeições para Panela de Pressão. Divirta-se com essas 30 receitas rápidas e fáceis que vão transformar uma noite na cozinha em uma noite com a sua família. Prepare refeições deliciosas, nutritivas, que dão água na boca, com praticidade e sem fazer muita bagunça. Tenha uma refeição pronta na metade do tempo Usar a panela de pressão para preparar uma refeição completa talvez seja uma das maneiras mais fáceis de cozinhar. Os ingredientes são preparados com antecedência, colocados na panela por um tempo determinado e ela faz o resto. Parece simples demais? SIM! E este é o objetivo. Existe um número ilimitado de combinações saborosas. Aprendendo as 30 receitas fáceis deste livro, você vai deixar sua família e amigos admirados com suas próprias "criações". Não tem como errar com essas receitas maravilhosas. Não existe nada mais fácil Realmente, poucas coisas na vida são tão fáceis de fazer quanto se imagina. Esse é o caso quando você usa uma panela de pressão. Neste livro de receitas excepcionalmente simples, você vai aprender a tirar o máximo de proveito do seu tempo, usando esse utensílio de cozinha incrível. Aprenda o que milhares de pessoas já descobriram: existe uma maneira fácil e rápida de impressionar sua família na hora do jantar e amigos em coquetéis
Reference Guide for Essential Oils
by Connie Higley Alan HigleyThe sections on Personal Care Products, Bath Gels and Bar Soaps, Tinctures, Massage Oils, and Supplements and Vitamins list commercially available products that include pure essential oils either for additional therapeutic benefits or to enhance the bio-availability of the other ingredients.
Reference and Description: The Case against Two-Dimensionalism
by Scott SoamesIn this book, Scott Soames defends the revolution in philosophy led by Saul Kripke, Hilary Putnam, and David Kaplan against attack from those wishing to revive descriptivism in the philosophy of language, internalism in the philosophy of mind, and conceptualism in the foundations of modality. Soames explains how, in the last twenty-five years, this attack on the anti-descriptivist revolution has coalesced around a technical development called two-dimensional modal logic that seeks to reinterpret the Kripkean categories of the necessary aposteriori and the contingent apriori in ways that drain them of their far-reaching philosophical significance. Arguing against this reinterpretation, Soames shows how the descriptivist revival has been aided by puzzles and problems ushered in by the anti-descriptivist revolution, as well as by certain errors and missteps in the anti-descriptivist classics themselves. Reference and Description sorts through all this, assesses and consolidates the genuine legacy of Kripke and Kaplan, and launches a thorough and devastating critique of the two-dimensionalist revival of descriptivism. Through it all, Soames attempts to provide the outlines of a lasting, nondescriptivist perspective on meaning, and a nonconceptualist understanding of modality.
Reflections From a Different Journey: What Adults with Disabilities Wish All Parents Knew
by Stanley Klein John D. KempFrom the book: In this book, people with all kinds of disabilities make clear that they can be capable role models for children; advisors to their parents and family members; and teachers to educators, health care professionals, and the many other adults who provide services for children with disabilities and their families. In fact, the essays have important messages for all of us as we strive to make our world a more caring, loving, and peaceful place for all children and families. This book is a wonderful celebration of diversity. The essay writers have grown up with many different kinds of disabilities in many different places, including some countries outside the United States. They are not people who have "overcome" their disabilities. Rather, they have overcome the prejudices of society that all too often stereotype people with disabilities in destructive ways.
Reflections of a Sacred Dream
by Dr Frank Kenneth Bergman Maryellen VettoriThrough the influence of Japanese-inspired haiku, stop and evaluate your current state of mind. Are you focused on spending your time and thoughts on accumulation of material items that will be gone tomorrow? Is your mind filled with stress and worry about seemingly important matters that will not matter in time to come? Throughout the poetry in this illustrated book, free your mind and look around you right where you are at the present time. See for yourself the spiritual beauty of nature as it unfolds in front of your senses every day. Study the concepts of balance and harmony in the universe. Only then can you appreciate what you are sharing with everything else in your universe as you travel on your sacred journey.
Reflections on Play, Sport, and Culture: Introduction to the Play Field Theory (Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society #141)
by Felix LebedThe psychological dependence of humanity on playing is huge. Its nature and functional utility are unclear. These linked yet contradictory issues have created the intrigue that has fed philosophical thought for more than two hundred years. During this period, philosophy transferred many of the subjects of its analysis to the aegis of the humanities that it spawned. Each of them pays close attention to human play and studies it with its own methods of theoretical and experimental research. Thus, what was once a general philosophical comprehension of human play has branched out into different directions, definitions, and theories. This new book represents a renewed general view of human play. The unique quality of the volume lies in its fairly rare interdisciplinary methodology, encompassing a broad spectrum of the humanities: philosophy, anthropology, sociology, and the history of play, and behavioral analysis of playing, which have been done by the author. As a result, the volume ends with the proposition of a new general approach to human play that is named by the author “play field theory”. Such an approach makes reflections on play, sport, and culture a source for all scholars studying play, by widening their knowledge through both a new general view and their familiarization with notions from neighboring fields and disciplines.
Reflections: A Story of Hope, Healing, Facing Fears, and Finding Purpose
by Brian Hobbs Fia HobbsReflections takes readers on an honest journey through dealing with fears, coming to term with illness, facing death, and acceptance.Reflections is a gripping story written from two perspectives: Brian Hobbs, a songwriter with a terminal cancer diagnosis with months to live, and Fia Hobbs, his caregiving wife as well as his therapist. They share with readers their journey through hope, despair, and finally to peace and acceptance. During Brian’s illness, he wrote down his thoughts and feelings in a blog that became a huge inspiration for people to let go of their own fears and to find purpose in their own lives. Reflections is a continuation of Brian’s blog and helps to inspire readers to make them realize what matters in life as they follow his last months.
Reflections: The Sunday Times bestselling book of life lessons from superstar presenter Holly Willoughby
by Holly WilloughbyTHE SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER'From the heart. It feels so authentic . . . Encompassing and inclusive . . . Reads beautifully and fluidly and feels like having a chat with your best friend' - Elizabeth Day on HOW TO FAIL'The book is a triumph...an accessible insight into the woman behind the brand' Grazia________________________Have you ever found yourself in that moment where you just wonder - what's next? I could carry on as I am but there's a yearning for something else. That's where this book started for me...Presenter. Fashion icon. Wife. Mother. Holly Willoughby lights up the nation's TV screens every day but, like all of us, she has struggled with moments of self-doubt, feelings of guilt, anger and detachment. Here she shares how she has learned to reconnect with herself in order to face her fears head on. With her trademark warmth, Holly shows how listening to her inner voice and celebrating life's little moments of beauty and joy - like looking up at the moon or finding the perfect red lipstick - helped her feel whole again. Reflections is an empathetic, encouraging book that will inspire you to live your most beautiful, authentic life.WHAT READERS ARE SAYING:-'I rarely read and read this book in two days! Much of what Holly wrote about resonated with me and I've taken so much practical advice away with me.'-'Like little snippets of therapy'-'This book is brilliant. Holly addresses many things that we all face in life and gives her best advice on how to overcome them. Fantastic for anyone but mostly anyone who suffers any kind of anxieties or self consciousness. -'Amazing . . . Holly is just fabulous and I can't put it down, so nice to know we aren't in this journey alone' -'So beautifully written and relatable in lots of ways. It will be a book that I am sure I will keep taking off of my book shelf to keep going back to read for a long time'
Reflexive Emotions: Shame, Humor, Humility (SpringerBriefs in Philosophy)
by Menachem FischThis book looks closely at three first-order reflexive emotions—shame, humor and humility—that are shown to be not only exclusively human, but definitive of major aspects of human selfhood, agency and normativity. A separate chapter that covers second-order emotions, shows that when negative, they display a crucial and equally exclusive aspect of human normative self-critique. In addition to jointly delineating agency, sapience, normativity, rationality, and the ability to critically self-reflect, this book further demonstrates the inevitable role of the we in the I (to paraphrase Axel Honneth), namely, how realizing one&’s full human potential necessarily requires engaging others. This book appeals to students as well as researchers and looks closely at how these three reflexive emotions bestow categorical value on otherness, rendering normative diversity not merely something to be tolerated or rationally overcome, but a rare and necessary blessing.
Reflexology (Idiot's Guides)
by Bill FloccoReflexology is a safe and gentle therapy that uses pressure points to combat stress, boost the immune system, and stimulate the natural healing process. Idiot's Guides: Reflexology is geared to the absolute beginner and uses dozens of full-color, step-by-step photographs to teach techniques for the hands, feet, and ears. Readers will learn how to treat specific ailments (headaches, back pain, asthma, and more) by using easy-to-understand, expert methods. Coverage also includes how to read a reflexology chart, how to perform the techniques on children, and more.
Reflexology Made Easy: Self-help techniques for everyday ailments
by Ewald KliegelRapid relief for minor ailments Reflex zone massage can be a direct and effective aid for many small daily complaints, but you have to learn ‘the how’ and ‘the where’. This handy reference book explains just how to find relief from headaches, colds and fear of flying, along with coping with long car journeys or lengthy days at your computer, all with just a few reflex zone massage strokes. You’ll never want to be without your helpful companion!
Reflexology Plain & Simple: The Only Book You'll Ever Need (Plain & Simple Series)
by Sonia JonesReflexology is an ancient healing system that helps relieve existing health conditions and detect future ailments. <P><P>Reflexology Plain & Simple introduces the history and basics of this form, from beginner&’s techniques to more specialized treatments and the use of aromatic oils. Discover which areas of the feet and hands correspond to the body&’s tissues, glands, and organs; how much pressure to apply and when not to proceed at all; and how to get started indulging friends, family, and even yourself or move on to your own practice. Detailed instructions guide you through each step of the process and helpful hints throughout provide additional insight.
Reflexology for Fertility: A Practitioners Guide to Natural and Assisted Conception
by Barbara ScottThis is the first book to be published on the treatment of the male and female reproductive conditions using reflexology. There are no other treatment protocols that have been written that allow practitioners to work with clients in this way.
Reflexology, Orion Plain and Simple (Plain and Simple)
by Sonia JonesA practical guide on using the ancient healing system of reflexology to relieve existing health conditions and detect future ailments.Sonia Jones introduces the history and basics of this form of ancient healing; from beginner's techniques to more specialised treatments and the use of aromatic oils. Discover which areas of the feet and hands correspond to the body's tissues, glands, and organs; how much pressure to apply and when not to proceed at all. Jones' easy and straightforward approach includes detailed instructions that will guide you through each step of the process and her helpful hints throughout provide additional insight to this ancient practice.
Reflexology: Hands-on Treatment For Vitality And Well-being
by Kevin Kunz Barbara KunzReflexology is a global best-seller by two of the most-recognized authorities on this holistic therapy. This comprehensive yet approachable guide explains how reflexology works: by applying pressure to "reflex" points on the hands and feet, you can help to stimulate the body's natural powers of self-healing. Reflexology features more than 100 step-by-step techniques and treatment sequences, detailed foot and hand reflex charts, and a directory of treatment for 30 common ailments, from back pain to constipation, arthritis to high blood pressure. Visualizations and meditations are suggested throughout, to enhance the healing treatments. As the first fully-illustrated step-by-step guide, Reflexology remains one of the most trusted resources on this ancient art. Author Bio: Kevin and Barbara Kunz are internationally recognized authorities in the field of reflexology. They have researched, taught, practiced and documented reflexology for more than 30 years. Barbara and Kevin Kunz have written 17 reflexology books available in 57 foreign editions and 19 languages.
Reforming America's Health Care System: The Flawed Vision of ObamaCare
by Scott W. AtlasHealth policy experts from the United States, Canada, and Western Europe discuss both what to expect from the recent health reform legislation and alternatives that should still be considered. The contributors argue that Americans already have a superior health care system and that if Congress enacts reforms that remove artificial barriers and constructively open markets to competition, private-sector creativity will generate innovative, low-cost insurance products for tens of millions of consumers.