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Figurierte Zahlen: Veranschaulichung als heuristische Strategie
by Jochen ZiegenbalgDieses Buch behandelt die Visualisierung als Methode des mathematischen Problemlösens, Begründens und Beweisens: Konkrete Beispiele zur Veranschaulichung durch mathematische Figuren und Bilder bieten einen faszinierenden Einblick in das Argumentieren anhand strukturierter und strukturierender Figuren zur Betrachtung von Zahlen und Zahlenfolgen. Die historischen Wurzeln dieses mathematischen Handwerkszeugs werden dabei so weit wie möglich einbezogen. Die Beispiele sind in der Regel konstruktiver Natur; gelegentlich wird, wo angebracht, die algorithmische Erschließung durch Hinweise auf die Programmierung mit Hilfe von Computeralgebra Systemen ergänzt. Das Buch richtet sich an Studierende und Lehrende an Schulen und Hochschulen, sowie an alle an der Elementarmathematik interessierten Nichtspezialisten, die das mathematische Arbeiten einmal außerhalb der von den Bildungsinstitutionen vorgezeichneten Pfade kennenlernen wollen. Es liefert insbesondere Lehrkräften und Lehramtsstudierenden wertvolle Anregungen, etwa zur Förderung mathematisch interessierter Schülerinnen und Schüler. In der 2. Auflage ist mit den mathematisch fundamentalen und historisch bedeutsamen Themen Wechselwegnahme, Teilbarkeit, Euklidischer Algorithmus, Inkommensurabilität und Kettenbrüche ein neues, für Visualisierungen gut geeignetes Kapitel hinzugekommen. Bereits bestehende Kapitel wurde durch Abschnitte über Trapezzahlen, ungerade Quadratzahlen und zentrierte Polygonalzahlen ergänzt.
The Figurine: The brand NEW novel from the No 1 Sunday Times bestselling author of The Island
by Victoria HislopIn her irresistible new novel, Sunday Times No 1 bestselling author Victoria Hislop shines a light on the questionable acquisition of cultural treasures and the price people - and countries - will pay to cling on to them.Of all the ancient art that captures the imagination, none is more appealing than the Cycladic figurine. An air of mystery swirls around these statuettes from the Bronze Age and they are highly sought after by collectors - and looters - alike. When Helena inherits her grandparents' apartment in Athens, she is overwhelmed with memories of the summers she spent there as a child, when Greece was under a brutal military dictatorship. Her remote, cruel grandfather was one of the regime's generals and as she sifts through the dusty rooms, Helena discovers an array of valuable objects and antiquities. How did her grandfather amass such a trove? What human price was paid for them?Helena's desire to find answers about her heritage dovetails with a growing curiosity for archaeology, ignited by a summer spent with volunteers on a dig on an Aegean island. Their finds fuel her determination to protect the precious fragments recovered from the baked earth - and to understand the origins of her grandfather's collection.Helena's attempt to make amends for some of her grandfather's actions sees her wrestle with the meaning of 'home', both in relation to looted objects of antiquity ... and herself.
The Figurine: The brand NEW novel from the No 1 Sunday Times bestselling author of The Island
by Victoria HislopMulti-million copy bestselling author Victoria Hislop returns with the captivating tale of one woman's quest to come to terms with her family's brutal past.In her irresistible new novel, Sunday Times No 1 bestselling author Victoria Hislop shines a light on the questionable acquisition of cultural treasures and the price people - and countries - will pay to cling on to them.Of all the ancient art that captures the imagination, none is more appealing than the Cycladic figurine. An air of mystery swirls around these statuettes from the Bronze Age and they are highly sought after by collectors - and looters - alike. When Helena inherits her grandparents' apartment in Athens, she is overwhelmed with memories of the summers she spent there as a child, when Greece was under a brutal military dictatorship. Her remote, cruel grandfather was one of the regime's generals and as she sifts through the dusty rooms, Helena discovers an array of valuable objects and antiquities. How did her grandfather amass such a trove? What human price was paid for them?Helena's desire to find answers about her heritage dovetails with a growing curiosity for archaeology, ignited by a summer spent with volunteers on a dig on an Aegean island. Their finds fuel her determination to protect the precious fragments recovered from the baked earth - and to understand the origins of her grandfather's collection.Helena's attempt to make amends for some of her grandfather's actions sees her wrestle with the meaning of 'home', both in relation to looted objects of antiquity ... and herself.(P)2023 Headline Publishing Group Ltd
The Figurine: The brand NEW novel from the much-loved author of The Island
by Victoria HislopIn her irresistible new novel, Sunday Times No 1 bestselling author* Victoria Hislop shines a light on the questionable acquisition of cultural treasures and the price people - and countries - will pay to cling on to them.Of all the ancient art that captures the imagination, none is more appealing than the Cycladic figurine. An air of mystery swirls around these statuettes from the Bronze Age and they are highly sought after by collectors - and looters - alike. When Helena inherits her grandparents' apartment in Athens, she is overwhelmed with memories of the summers she spent there as a child, when Greece was under a brutal military dictatorship. Her remote, cruel grandfather was one of the regime's generals and as she sifts through the dusty rooms, Helena discovers an array of valuable objects and antiquities. How did her grandfather amass such a trove? What human price was paid for them?Helena's desire to find answers about her heritage dovetails with a growing curiosity for archaeology, ignited by a summer spent with volunteers on a dig on an Aegean island. Their finds fuel her determination to protect the precious fragments recovered from the baked earth - and to understand the origins of her grandfather's collection.Helena's attempt to make amends for some of her grandfather's actions sees her wrestle with the meaning of 'home', both in relation to looted objects of antiquity ... and herself.*Victoria Hislop's One August Night was a Sunday Times Number One bestseller in paperback in the first week of August 2021; Those Who Are Loved was a Sunday Times Number One bestseller in paperback for four weeks in August and September 2020.
Figurines in Hellenistic Babylonia: Miniaturization and Cultural Hybridity
by Stephanie M. Langin-HooperIn this volume, Stephanie M. Langin-Hooper investigates the impact of Greek art on the miniature figure sculptures produced in Babylonia after the conquests of Alexander the Great. Figurines in Hellenistic Babylonia were used as agents of social change, by visually expressing and negotiating cultural differences. The scaled-down quality of figurines encouraged both visual and tactile engagement, enabling them to effectively work as non-threatening instruments of cultural blending. Reconstructing the embodied experience of miniaturization in detailed case studies, Langin-Hooper illuminates the dynamic process of combining Greek and Babylonian sculpture forms, social customs, and viewing habits into new, hybrid works of art. Her innovative focus on figurines as instruments of both personal encounter and global cultural shifts has important implications for the study of tiny objects in art history, anthropology, classics, and other disciplines.
Figuring: Fortune Favours The Fast
by Maria PopovaFiguring explores the complexities of love and the human search for truth and meaning through the interconnected lives of several historical figures across four centuries—beginning with the astronomer Johannes Kepler, who discovered the laws of planetary motion, and ending with the marine biologist and author Rachel Carson, who catalyzed the environmental movement. <P><P>Stretching between these figures is a cast of artists, writers, and scientists—mostly women, mostly queer—whose public contribution have risen out of their unclassifiable and often heartbreaking private relationships to change the way we understand, experience, and appreciate the universe. Among them are the astronomer Maria Mitchell, who paved the way for women in science; the sculptor Harriet Hosmer, who did the same in art; the journalist and literary critic Margaret Fuller, who sparked the feminist movement; and the poet Emily Dickinson. <P><P>Emanating from these lives are larger questions about the measure of a good life and what it means to leave a lasting mark of betterment on an imperfect world: Are achievement and acclaim enough for happiness? Is genius? Is love? <P><P>Weaving through the narrative is a set of peripheral figures—Ralph Waldo Emerson, Charles Darwin, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Herman Melville, Frederick Douglass, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Walt Whitman—and a tapestry of themes spanning music, feminism, the history of science, the rise and decline of religion, and how the intersection of astronomy, poetry, and Transcendentalist philosophy fomented the environmental movement. <P><b>A New York Times Bestseller</b>
Figuring Korean Futures: Children’s Literature in Modern Korea
by Dafna ZurThis book is the story of the emergence and development of writing for children in modern Korea. Starting in the 1920s, a narrator-adult voice began to speak directly to a child-reader. This child audience was perceived as unique because of a new concept: the child-heart, the perception that the child's body and mind were transparent and knowable, and that they rested on the threshold of culture. This privileged location enabled writers and illustrators, educators and psychologists, intellectual elite and laypersons to envision the child as a powerful antidote to the present and as an uplifting metaphor of colonial Korea's future. Reading children's periodicals against the political, educational, and psychological discourses of their time, Dafna Zur argues that the figure of the child was particularly favorable to the project of modernity and nation-building, as well as to the colonial and postcolonial projects of socialization and nationalization. She demonstrates the ways in which Korean children's literature builds on a trajectory that begins with the child as an organic part of nature, and ends, in the post-colonial era, with the child as the primary agent of control of nature. Figuring Korean Futures reveals the complex ways in which the figure of the child became a driving force of nostalgia that stood in for future aspirations for the individual, family, class, and nation.
Figuring Out the Past: The 3,495 Vital Statistics that Explain World History
by Peter Turchin Daniel HoyerWhat was history's biggest empire? Or the tallest building of the ancient world? What was the plumbing like in medieval Byzantium? The average wage in the Mughal Empire? Where did scientific writing first emerge? What was the bloodiest ever ritual human sacrifice?We are used to thinking about history in terms of stories. Yet we understand our own world through data: cast arrays of statistics that reveal the workings of our societies. In Figuring Out the Past, radical historians Peter Turchin and Dan Hoyer dive into the numbers that reveal the true shape of the past, drawing on their own Seshat project, a staggeringly ambitious attempt to log every data point that can be gathered for every society that has ever existed. This book does more than tell the story of humanity: it shows you the big picture, by the numbers.
Figuring Out the Tax Congress: Treasury, and the Design of the Early Modern Income Tax (Cambridge Tax Law Series)
by Lawrence ZelenakFiguring Out the Tax recounts the forgotten early development of the federal income tax in the US, resulting from the interplay between Congress and the Treasury Department in the decades following the enactment of the tax in 1913. It covers a wide range of topics including the income tax treatments of marriage, capital losses, charitable contributions and homeownership, as well as the rise, demise and resurrection of income tax withholding. Lawrence Zelenak deftly illustrates how the income tax achieved its current form through a range of stories which are new to tax history scholarship and involve some remarkable personalities and surprising plot twists. Although of particular interest to tax academics and professionals, this book will also serve as a useful introduction to the development of income tax for undergraduate students and law students. Recounts important developments in the early history of the income tax utilising new material which is not covered in existing tax history scholarship. Adopts a chronological narrative approach, making for an entertaining read. Does not assume any particular background in income tax law and will be accessible to a general readership with an interest in income tax.
Fiji My Island Home: Country village life including Sugar Cane Farmers - Fiji
by Dr Kamlesh SharmaFiji: my island home provides an extraordinary insight in the daily livelihood of the poor sugar cane farmers in Fiji. The book discloses the struggles, survival and contributions to the local economy by farmers who toil on small pieces of land ranging in sizes of three to five acres each. These are leased from the Indigenous owners for a fixed term with no provision for further extension. The public bus services in Fiji are vividly narrated to capture the true essence of the word 'Fiji Time'. The book tries to build bridges of remembrance, understanding and reconciliation amongst Fijians of diverse cultural backgrounds. Finally, the book very clearly articulates and communicates the message that no matter where a Fijian is located in the world, one can never part from the fond memories of the island home!
The File: A Personal History
by Timothy Garton Ash"Eloquent, aware and scrupulous . . . a rich and instructive examination of the Cold War past." --The New York TimesIn 1978 a romantic young Englishman took up residence in Berlin to see what that divided city could teach him about tyranny and freedom. Fifteen years later Timothy Garton Ash--who was by then famous for his reportage of the downfall of communism in Central Europe--returned. This time he had come to look at a file that bore the code-name "Romeo." The file had been compiled by the Stasi, the East German secret police, with the assistance of dozens of informers. And it contained a meticulous record of Garton Ash's earlier life in Berlin. In this memoir, Garton Ash describes what it was like to rediscover his younger self through the eyes of the Stasi, and then to go on to confront those who actually informed against him to the secret police. Moving from document to remembrance, from the offices of British intelligence to the living rooms of retired Stasi officers, The File is a personal narrative as gripping, as disquieting, and as morally provocative as any fiction by George Orwell or Graham Greene. And it is all true."In this painstaking, powerful unmasking of evil, the wretched face of tyranny is revealed." --Philadelphia Inquirer
A Filha de Laiden
by Suzan Tisdale Tânia NezioEscócia, 1344 Ela acreditava que os homens não eram honrados ou gentis - até que ela encontra um que muda seu coração para sempre. Traída por mentiras contadas antes de seu nascimento, Aishlinn é criada por um padrasto cruel e severo. Sua vida muda para sempre quando uma noite ela é forçada a fugir da Inglaterra para a segurança das Highlands escocesas. Resgatada por um feroz bando de guerreiros Highlanders, Aishlinn logo descobre que homens honrados existem. Ela encontra uma força que nunca soube possuir e será testada ao limite quando for forçada a fazer uma decisão angustiante... permitir que os ingleses matem aqueles que ela ama, ou se render pelo crime que ela cometeu. Ela é tudo o que ele nunca imaginou querer em uma mulher... Duncan McEwan, um feroz guerreiro Highlander, sobreviveu a inúmeras batalhas, a inúmeras mulheres, além de ter sobrevivido a uma terrível tempestade no mar. Ele teve que escalar montanhas e lutar contra animais selvagens. Mas nada disso o deixou preparado para a fatídica mudança que ocorreria em sua vida, num dia de primavera, quando ele resgatou uma jovem de um córrego congelado. Ele vai fazer qualquer coisa para mantê-la com ele e vai arriscar tudo para mantê-la fora das mãos dos ingleses.
A Filha Do Mumificador
by Nathaniel Burns Ana Gabriela Vieira De CastroEgito, 1233 a. CO sonho de Neti-Kerty é seguir os passos de seu pai e se tornar a primeira mulher mumificadora do Tebas.Shabaka, o comissário cheio de segredos, é o enviado especial do Faraó encarregado de combater o crime na capital do Império do Faraó, e frequentemente utiliza os talentos especiais de Neti Kerty. Com seus poderes de dedução e conhecimento dos mortos, ela já o ajudou a resolver muitos crimes.Mas o inimaginável aconteceu. Seus pais foram cruelmente assassinados, e o pequeno mundo ideal de Neti-Kerty é despedaçado. Ao lado de Shabaka, o comissário, ela inicia uma busca pelo assassino de seus pais. Sobrevivendo a muitas aventuras em conjunto, eles se veem diante de uma monstruosa conspiração...A Filha do Mumificador nos leva de volta à uma terra repleta de deuses, deus-reis, rituais e magias. Apresentando ao leitor uma imagem detalhada do Egito Faraónico em toda sua glória sombria. Recriando fielmente uma das mais marcantes eras na história do Egito, o autor de best-sellers Nathaniel Bruns tece um conto sinistro dos mistérios do Egito com um elenco de personagens que o leitor moderno irá reconhecer apesar dos milênios que se passaram.Então acenda o incenso, sente-se perto da luz, e abra as cortinas de um passado sombrio com este conto emocionante de amor e intriga entre os vivos e os mortos, em uma das civilizações mais intrigantes da história.
Filial Piety in Chinese Thought and History
by Alan Chan Sor-Hoon TanThe phenomenon of filial piety is fundamental to our understanding of Chinese culture, and this excellent collection of essays explores its role in various areas of life throughout history. Often regarded as the key to preserving Chinese tradition and identity, its potentially vast impact on government and the development of Chinese culture makes it extremely relevant, and although invariably virtuous in its promotion of social cohesion, its ideas are often controversial. A broad range of topics are discussed chronologically including Confucianism, Buddhism and Daoism, making it essential reading for those studying Chinese culture, religion and philosophy. This is a multi-disciplinary survey that combines historical studies with philosophical analysis from an international team of respected contributors.
The Filibusters: The Story of the Special Boat Service
by John LodwickFirst published in 1947, this novel from British author John Lodwick is an accolade to the British Special Boat Service (SBS), a commando force of some 300 men that inflicted great damage on the enemy in the Mediterranean and the Aegean seas during World War II.Founded in July 1940 by Commando officer Roger Courtney, and initially named the Folboat Troop—after the type of folding canoe employed in raiding operations—the Special Boat Service became the special forces unit of the Naval Service of the United Kingdom. Together with the Special Air Service, Special Reconnaissance Regiment and the Special Forces Support Group, they form the United Kingdom Special Forces and come under joint control of the same Director Special Forces.In The Filibusters: The Story of the Special Boat Service, Lodwick reflects his war experiences and exploits as an officer in the Special Boat Service.
Filigree's Midnight Ride (At the Heels of History)
by Dorothy Hearst Pam BerkmanJoin Filigree, a five-pound Pomeranian, as he stows away on Paul Revere’s midnight ride in this first book of the At the Heels of History series, inspired by important events and told through the eyes, ears, and noses of dogs.Filigree may be a small puff of a Pomeranian but he has a big, brave heart. As the Revere family dog, he’s ready to do his part to help the American colonists stand up to the British soldiers. But the other dogs, like Jove, Sam Adams’s Newfoundland, and even the Revere cat, Anvil, think Filigree is a joke. The Reveres’ daughter Frances is the only one who believes in him. When Frances’s father, Paul Revere, leaves home on a secret mission, Filigree and Frances know they have to help, no matter how dangerous it might be. Will a pint-sized pup just be in the way, or can Filigree prove that even a very small dog can fight for freedom?
Filipino Martial Culture
by Mark V. WileyWidely practiced but not always understood, the Filipino martial arts have a rich history and distinctive character that until now have not fully been documented. Written in the context of Philippine history and culture, Filipino Martial Culture uncovers the esoteric components of the Filipino martial arts and the life histories of the men who perpetuate them. Included are: the history of turbulence and war in the Philippines from prehistoric times to the present day; the culture of the Filipino martial arts, including warrior ethos and worldview, spirituality, folklore, and weaponry; biographical sketches of eighteen Filipino masters and descriptions of their respective fighting styles; and a comparative study of the ethos, ideology, and development of the Filipino martial arts in relation to the considerable martial traditions of India, China, and Japan.In the course of his research, internationally renowned martial arts master and scholar Mark V. Wiley traveled the globe, interviewing top masters and recording their life histories, thoughts, and anecdotes. In addition, he collected 320 historical photographs and illustrations, including step-by-step sequences of the masters demonstrating the distinctive techniques of their particular martial styles. Filipino Martial Culture is a classic reference for practitioners and researchers alike!
Filipino Martial Culture
by Mark V. WileyA classic reference for martial artists and aficionados of Filipino culture, Filipino Martial Culture is an unprecedented excursion into the history, ideology, and techniques of Filipino martial arts. Beginning with a comprehensive study of the history of civil turbulence in the Philippines and the participation of its warriors in fights for independence from colonial rulers, Filipino Martial Culture proceeds to explore the worldview, spirituality, folklore and weaponry of this ancient tradition.Mark Wiley has collected extensive interviews with Filipino martial arts masters, as well as photographs of their practice and weaponry, in his preparations for this book. He explains basic and rare techniques, elucidating the ethos of much of Filipino culture in the process. The authority and depth of his materials are unsurpassed; Filipino Martial Culture is as much a definitive anthropological textbook as it is a practical guide to the martial arts
Filipino Martial Culture
by Mark V. WileyA classic reference for martial artists and aficionados of Filipino culture, Filipino Martial Culture is an unprecedented excursion into the history, ideology, and techniques of Filipino martial arts. Beginning with a comprehensive study of the history of civil turbulence in the Philippines and the participation of its warriors in fights for independence from colonial rulers, Filipino Martial Culture proceeds to explore the worldview, spirituality, folklore and weaponry of this ancient tradition.Mark Wiley has collected extensive interviews with Filipino martial arts masters, as well as photographs of their practice and weaponry, in his preparations for this book. He explains basic and rare techniques, elucidating the ethos of much of Filipino culture in the process. The authority and depth of his materials are unsurpassed; Filipino Martial Culture is as much a definitive anthropological textbook as it is a practical guide to the martial arts
The Filipino Migration Experience: Global Agents of Change
by Mina RocesThe Filipino Migration Experience introduces a new dimension to the usual depiction of migrants as disenfranchised workers or marginal ethnic groups. Mina Roces suggests alternative ways of conceptualizing Filipino migrantsas critics of the family and cultural constructions of sexuality, as consumers and investors, as philanthropists, as activists, and, as historians. They have been able to transform fundamental social institutions and well-entrenched traditional norms, as well as alter the business, economic and cultural landscapes of both the homeland and the host countries to which they have migrated. Mina Roces tells the story of the Filipino migration experience from the perspective of the migrants themselves, tapping into hitherto underused primary sources from the "migrant archives" and more than 70 interviews. Bringing the fields of Filipino migration studies and Filipina/o/x American studies together, this book analyzes some of the areas where Filipino migrants have forever changed the status quo.
Filipinos in Carson and the South Bay (Images of America)
by Florante Peter Ibanez Roselyn Estepa IbanezOne of Carson's most distinct features is its diversity. The city is roughly one-quarter each Hispanic, African American, white, and Asian/ Pacific Islander. This last group's vast majority are Filipinos who settled as early as the 1920s as farmworkers, U.S. military recruits, entrepreneurs, medical professionals, and other laborers, filling the economic needs of the Los Angeles region. This vibrant community hosts fiestas like the Festival of Philippine Arts and Culture and has produced local community heroes, including "Uncle Roy" Morales and "Auntie Helen" Summers Brown. Filipino students of the 1970s organized to gain college admissions, establish ethnic studies, and foster civic leadership, while Filipino businesses have flourished in Carson, San Pedro, Wilmington, Long Beach, and the surrounding communities. Carson is recognized nationally as a Filipino American destination for families and businesses, very much connected to the island homeland.
Filipinos in Greater Boston (Images of America)
by Mary TalusanAs early as the Civil War, a dozen Filipino men living in Massachusetts enlisted in the Union army. In the 1900s, Filipino pensionados studied at Harvard, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and other colleges. After the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, Filipino medical, military, and other professionals settled in and around Greater Boston in Cambridge, Lexington, Malden, and Quincy. To support their communities, Filipino immigrants founded civic organizations such as the Philippine Medical Association of New England, Pilipino-American Association of New England, and Philippine Nurses Association of New England. Since 1976, parents have been volunteering at Iskwelahang Pilipino (Filipino school) to encourage their American-born children's pride for Filipino traditions. Included are never before seen photographs of the Aquino family during their time in exile. This book highlights the rich histories of Filipinos in Greater Boston and aims to inspire more works that document our immigrant community that has grown in the early 21st century to over 25,000 people.
Filipinos in New York City
by Filipino-American National Historical Society Kevin L. NadalAfter the Spanish-American War in 1898, many Filipinos immigrated to New York City, mostly as students, enrolling at local institutions like Columbia University and New York University. Some arrived via Ellis Island as early as 1915, while Filipino military servicemen and Navy seafarers settled in New York after both World Wars I and II. After the Asian Immigration Act of 1965, many Filipinos came as professionals (e.g., nurses, physicians, and engineers) and formed settlements in various ethnic enclaves throughout the five boroughs of New York. Over the years, Filipinos have contributed significantly to New York arts and culture through Broadway theater, fashion, music, film, comedy, hip-hop, poetry, and dance. Filipino New Yorkers have also been successful entrepreneurs, corporate executives, community leaders, and politicians, and some, sadly, were victims of the 9/11 World Trade Center attacks.
Filipinos in San Francisco (Images of America)
by Pin@y Educational Partnerships Filipino American National Historical Society Manilatown Heritage FoundationTens of thousands of Filipinos who have lived, worked, and raised families for over five generations in this unique city stake their rightful claim to more than a century of shared history in San Francisco. The photographs herein attest to the early arrivals, who came as merchant mariners, businesspeople, scholars, and musicians, as well as agricultural and domestic workers. But their story has often been ignored, told incompletely by others, and edited too selectively by many. The Filipino American experience both epitomizes and defies the traditional immigrant storyline, and these pictures honestly and respectfully document the fruits of their labors, the products of their perseverance, and, at times, their resistance to social exclusion and economic suppression.
Filipinos in the Willamette Valley
by Dolly Pangan-Specht Tyrone Lim Filipino American National Historical Society - Oregon ChapterTucked among the great pioneer destinations on the Oregon Trail is the fertile agricultural area of the Willamette Valley. Today the valley forms the cultural and political heart of Oregon and is home to three-quarters of the state's population. The beginning of the 20th century saw the entrance of Filipinos into the valley, arriving from vegetable farms in California and Washington, fish canneries in Alaska, and from the pineapple and sugar plantations in Hawaii. At the same time, the U.S. territorial government in the Philippines started sponsoring Filipino students, beginning in 1903, to study in the United States. Oregon's two biggest centers of education, today's University of Oregon in Eugene and Oregon State University in Corvallis, became home to Filipinos from the emerging independent Philippine nation. They were mostly male, the children of wealthy Filipinos who had connections. Most of them returned to the Philippines upon graduation; some stayed and created a new life in America.