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Innovation In The Face Of Adversity: Major-General Sir Percy Hobart And The 79th Armoured Division (British)
by Major Michael J. DanielsOn 11 March 1943, the Chief of the British Imperial General Staff, Field Marshal Sir Alan Brooke, made a momentous decision in committing an entire British armored division, the 79th, to the task of developing equipment, tactics, and capabilities to penetrate the "Atlantic Wall," in anticipation of an Allied amphibious invasion of northwest Europe. British leaders chose Major-General Sir Percy Hobart to command this division, largely because of Hobart's affinity for leading and training armored formations, but also due to Hobart's reputation as an individualist, known to seek out unique solutions to unforeseen challenges.This thesis examines the wartime history of this unit--concentrating on aspects of equipment, tactics, organization and leadership that enabled it to ultimately succeed beyond anyone's expectations. More important, this organization provides valuable lessons for current transformation efforts. The key lessons that this subject provide include: the need for leadership that combines vision with action; a close cooperation between the military-industrial complex and the end user; and allowing space in the force structure for a unit that can perform not only standard combat missions, but can also serve as experimentation test-bed and conduit for new ideas, whether in the form of capabilities, organizational structure, or doctrine.
Innovation in Five Acts
by Caridad SvichEditor Caridad Svich has gathered forty-three essays from admired theater professionals that comprise a volume of inspiring and innovative techniques for creating theater. Inside are words of wisdom and advice from experienced playwrights, directors, performers, teachers, dramaturgs, artistic directors and founders--each sharing the creative challenges and triumphs of developing original works for today's stages, wherever they might be.Caridad Svich received a 2012 OBIE Award for Lifetime Achievement in the theater, a 2012 Edgerton Foundation New Play Award for her play GUAPA, and the 2011 American Theatre Critics Association Primus Prize for her play The House of the Spirits, based on the Isabel Allende novel.
Innovation in the High-Tech Economy
by Pang Chuan Vasil Khachidze Ivan K. W. Lai Yide Liu Sohail Siddiqui Tim WangThis book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Management Science and Engineering: Innovation and High-tech Services, ICMSE 2013, held in Macau, in June 2013. The papers are contributed by innovative researchers, engineers and practitioners in the field of management science, information system, finance, economics and accounting and offer a platform for exchanging the latest research findings in the field of management science and management innovation, for looking forward to the future trends in the management science and management innovation field in the 21st century, and to promote management modernization and high-tech innovation services.
Innovation, Knowledge and Growth: Adam Smith, Schumpeter and the Moderns (Routledge Studies In The History Of Economics Ser. #104)
by Heinz D. KurzThis book deals with the prime movers of socio-economic development, innovations and technical change, their origins, forms and effects. It contains a set of closely related chapters, some of which have been previously published as papers in scholarly journals
Innovation Nation: How Canadian Innovators Made the World Smarter, Smaller, Kinder, Safer, Healthier, Wealthier, Happier
by David Johnston Tom JenkinsThis young readers edition of Ingenious focuses on 50 kid-friendly Canadian innovations that changed the world, from canoes to whoopie cushions, chocolate bars to Pablum. Co-written by Canada's Governor General and accompanied by contemporary illustrations, this adaptation offers young Canadians a way to celebrate our history and world contributions on Canada's 150th birthday.Successful innovation is always inspired by at least one of three forces -- insight, necessity and simple luck. Innovation Nation moves through history to explore what circumstances, incidents, coincidences and collaborations motivated each great Canadian idea, and what twist of fate then brought that idea into public acceptance. From the marvels of aboriginal inventions such as the canoe, igloo and lifejacket to the latest pioneering advances in medicine, education, science, engineering and the arts, Canadians have improvised and worked together to make the world a better place. With striking, vibrant illustrations throughout, Innovation Nation is a gorgeous companion to the adult edition that will surprise, enlighten and entertain young readers, and will be a valuable resource for teachers and librarians.
Innovation, Transformation, and War: Counterinsurgency Operations in Anbar and Ninewa, Iraq, 2005-2007
by James A. RussellRussell (national security affairs, Naval Postgraduate School) explores the counterinsurgency operations of Army and Marine Corps units fighting in Anbar and Ninewa provinces in Iraq from 2005 to 2007. The author uses empirical case studies, including interviews with military and civilian participants, to illustrate how these fighting units were able to quickly evolve from groups structured and trained for conventional military operations into units prepared for a wide range of combat operations. Stanford Security Studies is an imprint of Stanford U. Press. Annotation ©2011 Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews. com)
Innovations in Health and Medicine: Diffusion and Resistance in the Twentieth Century (Routledge Studies in the Social History of Medicine)
by Jennifer StantonThis volume brings together cutting edge research by historians from Britain, Germany, France, the US, Japan and New Zealand. Innovative in its approach to innovation, it focuses on diffusion and resistance, and organization as well as technology. The collection features issues such as control and compliance, professional power and economic constraint, cultural divides, 'configured users' and ingenuity. The introductory essay relates the collection to history and sociology of innovation and technology, asking 'what is distinctive about medicine and health?' Explorations of recent cases, along with deeper probing of the past century, call into question how the past relates to the future. Health policy makers and analysts, practitioners, users and historians will find the editor's claims for the uses of history provocative.With its emphasis on clarity of writing, its mix of empirical details and analysis, and its rich bibliography, this volume offers rewards to academic and health service readers alike.
Innovations Lead to Economic Crises
by Jon-Arild JohannessenThis book examines the link between innovation and economic crises through a systemic philosophy of economic history. Taking the end of the Roman Empire as its starting point, the author guides readers through six economic crises that have occurred up to the present day and uncovers how these may have been triggered by a number of political, economic and technological innovations. The author presents analyses on the Dutch tulip bubble of 1637, the Mississippi bubble in eighteenth-century France, the development of the first limited liability company and the world's first stock exchange before going on to discuss the latest economic crisis and its links with globalisation and social connectivity following the technological advancement of the internet. The author concludes by explaining how we can use knowledge of the links between innovation and crises to frame a vital new model for policy makers and political leaders. The result is a fascinating insight into the cause of economic crises which will be of particular interest to students and researchers of economic history, financial crises, innovation and political science.
Innovations of Antiquity
by Ralph Hexter Daniel SeldenFirst published in 1993. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Innovative Consumer Co-operatives: The Rise and Fall of Berkeley (Routledge International Studies in Business History)
by Greg PatmoreConsumer co-operatives provide a different approach to organizing business through their ideals of member ownership and democratic practice. Every co-operative member has an equal vote regardless of his or her own personal capital investment. The co-operative movement can also be an important force in promoting development and self-sufficiency in poorer areas, particularly in non-industrialised countries. This book explores in depth the fortunes of the Berkeley Consumer Co-operative, which became the largest consumer co-operative in the United States with 116,000 members in 1984 and viewed nationally as a leader in innovative retail practices and a champion of consumer rights. The Berkeley Consumer Co-operative is promoted by both supporters and opponents of the co-operative business model as a significant example of what can go wrong with the co-operatives. This book will provide the first in depth analysis of the history of the Berkeley Co-operative using its substantial but little used archives and oral histories to explore what the Berkeley experience means for the co-operative business model. The specific chapters relating to Berkeley will be organised around particular themes to highlight the issues relating to the co-operative business model and the local context of Berkeley. The themes relate to developments in Berkeley and the Bay Area in terms of the economy, politics and the retail environment; the management of the Berkeley co-operative, looking at governance, financial management and strategic decisions; relationship of management with members and employees; and finally, the relationship of the Berkeley Co-operative with the community. The core message of the book is that it is not inevitable that consumer co-operatives fail, but that the story of Berkeley story can provide insights that can strengthen the co-operative business model and minimise failures on the scale of Berkeley occurring in the future.
Innovative Vaulting in the Architecture of the Roman Empire
by Lynne C. Lancaster"This book studies six vaulting techniques employed in architecture outside of Rome and asks why they were invented where they were and how they were disseminated. Most of the techniques involve terracotta elements in various forms, such as regular flat bricks, hollow voussoirs, vaulting tubes, and armchair voussoirs. Each one is traced geographically via GIS mapping, the results of which are analysed in relation to chronology, geography, and historical context. The most common building type in which the techniques appear is the bath, demonstrating its importance as a catalyst for technological innovation. This book also explores trade networks, the pottery industry, and military movements in relation to building construction, revealing how architectural innovation was influenced by wide ranging cultural factors, many of which stemmed from local influences rather than imperial intervention"--
Innovator Or Imitator: Napoleon's Operational Concepts And The Legacies Of Bourcet And Guibert
by Lt.-Col James N. WassonIn 1805, a new style of operational warfare burst upon the fields of Europe as Napoleon Bonaparte's Grand Army swept from the Rhine to the Danube surrounding the Austrian army at Ulm and initiating a revolution in military affairs (RMA) whose effects are still felt today. The question remains whether this new style of warfare was merely a natural outgrowth of the work of 18th century military thinkers, whose theories were imitated by a dynamic leader, or did Napoleon bring something new to warfare, a true innovation in the conduct of operational warfare? This is the central question that this monograph will attempt to answer.David Chandler maintains that "Napoleon contributed little new." As we struggle today with the implications of a possible RMA, it is important that we fully understand the forces that caused former RMA's to occur. For the historian, it is also important that we get our interpretations of past events as correct as possible. Was this a RMA that would have happened with any energetic leader who strictly followed the teachings of Bourcet and Guibert, as a sort of TTP put together by theorists, or did Napoleon take their theories, and meld them with his own ideas to create a new form of warfare and initiate a RMA? Does a true RMA require more than just theories and doctrine, does it require an inquiring mind on the part of the practitioner as well? These questions give relevance to the research question of this monograph.The monograph concludes that Napoleon did not imitate the two thinkers, and that the RMA initiated by him was more than just an implementation of techniques proposed by theorists. The RMA in 1805 required an imaginative practitioner who could grasp the salient features of theory and put them to use in new ways. To initiate the RMA innovation by the war fighter was required, not mere imitation.
The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution
by Walter IsaacsonFollowing his blockbuster biography of Steve Jobs, Walter Isaacson&’s New York Times bestselling and critically acclaimed The Innovators is a &“riveting, propulsive, and at times deeply moving&” (The Atlantic) story of the people who created the computer and the internet.What were the talents that allowed certain inventors and entrepreneurs to turn their visionary ideas into disruptive realities? What led to their creative leaps? Why did some succeed and others fail? The Innovators is a masterly saga of collaborative genius destined to be the standard history of the digital revolution—and an indispensable guide to how innovation really happens. Isaacson begins the adventure with Ada Lovelace, Lord Byron’s daughter, who pioneered computer programming in the 1840s. He explores the fascinating personalities that created our current digital revolution, such as Vannevar Bush, Alan Turing, John von Neumann, J.C.R. Licklider, Doug Engelbart, Robert Noyce, Bill Gates, Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs, Tim Berners-Lee, and Larry Page. This is the story of how their minds worked and what made them so inventive. It’s also a narrative of how their ability to collaborate and master the art of teamwork made them even more creative. For an era that seeks to foster innovation, creativity, and teamwork, The Innovators is “a sweeping and surprisingly tenderhearted history of the digital age” (The New York Times).
Innovators: 16 Visionary Scientists and Their Struggle for Recognition—From Galileo to Barbara McClintock and Rachel Carson
by Donald R. KirschScientific breakthroughs that changed the way we understand the world—and the fascinating stories of the scientists behind them Some of the most significant breakthroughs in science don&’t receive widespread recognition until decades later, sometimes after their author&’s death. Nobel Prize–winner Max Planck, whose black-body radiation law established the discipline of quantum mechanics, stated this as what has become known as Planck&’s principle, commonly summarized as &“Science progresses one funeral at a time.&” In other words, for some truly groundbreaking discoveries, a new consensus builds only when proponents of the old consensus die off. Breakthrough discoveries require a paradigm shift, and it takes time and new minds for the new paradigm to be adopted. In Innovators, Donald Kirsch tells the stories of sixteen visionary scientists who suffered this fate, some now famous like Max Planck himself, Galileo, and Gregor Mendel, and some less well known. Among them are Barbara McClintock who, working with Indian corn, discovered transposons, also known as jumping genes, which provide a major mechanism driving biological evolution; Rachel Carson, catalyst for the environmental movement; and Roger Revelle, the climatologist whose findings were the first to be described by the term &“global warming.&” The breakthroughs cover fields from biology to medicine to physics and earth sciences and include the discovery of prions, life-changing treatments such as drugs for high blood pressure, ulcers, and organ transplantation; the process of continental drift; and our understanding of how molecules form matter.
The Innovators Behind Leonardo: The True Story of the Scientific and Technological Renaissance
by Plinio InnocenziThis engaging book places Leonardo da Vinci’s scientific achievements within the wider context of the rapid development that occurred during the Renaissance. It demonstrates how his contributions were not in fact born of isolated genius, but rather part of a rich period of collective advancement in science and technology, which began at least 50 years prior to his birth.Readers will discover a very special moment in history, when creativity and imagination were changing the future—shaping our present. They will be amazed to discover how many technological inventions had already been conceived or even designed by the engineers and inventors who preceded Leonardo, such as Francesco di Giorgio and Taccola, the so-called Siena engineers. This engaging volume features a wealth of illustrations from a variety of original sources, such as manuscripts and codices, enabling the reader to see and judge for him or herself the influence that other Renaissance engineers and inventors had on Leonardo.
The Innovator's Cookbook
by Steven JohnsonEssential reading-and progressive thinking-on the subject of innovation, from the national bestselling author. Steven Johnson, an acknowledged bestselling leader on the subject of innovation, gathers-for a foundational text on the subject of innovation-essays, interviews, and cutting-edge insights by such exciting field leaders as Peter Drucker, Richard Florida, Eric Von Hippel, Dean Keith Simonton, Arthur Koestler, John Seely Brown, and Marshall Berman. Johnson also provides new material from Marisa Mayer of Google, Twitter's Biz Stone and Jack Dorsey, and Ray Ozzie, Microsoft's former Chief Software Architect. With additional commentary by Johnson himself, this book reveals the innovation found in a wide range of fields, including science, technology, energy, transportation, education, art, and sociology, making it vital, fresh, and fascinating reading for our time, and for the future.
The Inns of Court under Elizabeth I and the Early Stuarts: 1590–1640 (Cambridge Studies in English Legal History)
by Wilfrid R. PrestThe Tudor and Stuart inns of court were major centres of learning and literature, as well as professional associations of practising lawyers. This book sketches the evolution of the inns from their medieval origins and traces the dramatic impact of the societies' rapid expansion through the Elizabethan era and beyond. Prest's comprehensive study based on original sources surveys the structure and functions of the inns, outlining key aspects, from tensions between junior and senior members to the nature and effectiveness of their educational role. Its lively prose locates the inns within the cultural, political, religious, and social context of Shakespearean and pre-civil war England. This corrected and revised second edition of a classic work addresses recent scholarship on the early modern inns of court and includes a new chapter introducing the book to twenty-first-century readers.
An Inoffensive Rearmament
by Robert D. Eldridge Frank KowalskiColonel Frank Kowalski served as the Chief of Staff of the American military advisory group that helped establish the National Police Reserve, the predecessor to the Japan Self-Defense Forces, and provided daily guidance to it during its first two years of existence. In this book, Kowalski provides, with great care, a detailed account of the manning, logistics, and personalities involved in standing up, on short notice, of a force of approximately 75,000, while sharing insights about the diplomatic, political, legal, and constitutional challenges his headquarters and his Japanese counterparts faced in navigating this new course for Japan in the wake of the sudden outbreak of war on the Korean Peninsula in June 1950. In light of these limitations, the path for rearmament had to be slow and "inoffensive" while psychologically and materially contributing to Japan's defense. His account is balanced, a blend of both criticism and praise, of all of those involved, including himself. Kowalski, who later served in Congress, was a highly intelligent Army officer who was expecting to be deployed to Korea in the summer of 1950, after serving in local military governments in western Japan, when he was tapped for the above secret mission to make a new Japanese army while having to call it a police reserve. An honorable man, he was pained by the subterfuge he and his government, working hand in hand with the Japanese government, had to play in order to establish this needed organization and believes many things were mishandled, but also viewed the "quiet and reasonable approach" of the rearmament program as successful and allowing the NPR to "adequately and effectively" provide for the urgent defense needs of the Japan and the United States, with its quarter million dependents left to fend for themselves in Japan in 1950. Kowalski notes that there has always been a tension in the postwar U.S.-Japan relationship over Japan not doing enough to contribute to the bilateral alliance and international security. This book will not end that debate, but it provides greater context and historical understanding of what factors existed at the time. This is a particularly important topic as Japan is re-examining its defense posture today, both for its own needs as well as to strengthen its still complicated relationship with the United States, its only alliance partner. Written in the mid-1960s, and published in Japanese in 1969, this is the first time this edited book has appeared in English.
La inolvidable Guerra de Vietnam: La Guerra Americana en Vietnam - Guerra en la jungla
by I. Fernandez Scott S. F. MeakerBreve historia de Vietnam. En la Guerra de Vietnam se luchó como en cualquier otra guerra pero terminó con ambas partes creyendo que habían vencido. Eso sí, no arrancó con una declaración de guerra como tal. La gran cantidad de luchas por el poder a lo largo de su historia es abrumadora. Las batallas fueron cortas e intensas y se desarrollaron en las junglas y arrozales. Los métodos guerrilleros tuvieron gran peso en esta guerra.
Inoue Enryō: A Philosophical Portrait
by Rainer SchulzerRainer Schulzer provides the first comprehensive study, in English, of the modern Japanese philosopher Inoue Enryō (1858–1919). Enryō was a key figure in several important intellectual trends in Meiji Japan, including the establishment of academic philosophy, the public campaign against superstition, the permeation of imperial ideology, and the emergence of modern Japanese Buddhism. As one of the most widely read intellectuals of his time and one of the first Japanese authors ever translated into Chinese, an understanding of Enryō's work and influence is indispensable for understanding modern East Asian intellectual history. His role in spreading the terminology of modern East Asian humanities reveals how later thinkers such as Nishida Kitarō and Suzuki T. Daisetsu emerged; while his key principles, Love of Truth and Protection of Country, illustrate the tensions inherent in Enryō's enlightenment views and his dedication to the rise of the Japanese empire. The book also presents a systematic reconstruction of what was the first attempt to give Buddhism a sound philosophical foundation for the modern world.
Input/Output Databases: Uses in Business and Government (Routledge Library Editions: Econometrics #7)
by Jay M. GouldOriginally published in 1979. An Input/output database is an information system carrying current data on the intermediate consumption of any product or service by all the specified major firms that consume it. This book begins with a survey of how the interrelationships of an economic system can be represented in a two-dimensional model which traces the output of each economic sector to all other sectors. It talks about how the use of such databases to identify major buyers and sellers can illuminate problems of economic policy at the national, regional, and corporate level and aid in analyzing factors affecting the control of inflation, energy use, transportation, and environmental pollution. The book discusses how advances in database technology, have brought to the fore such issues as the right to individual privacy, corporate secrecy, the public’s right of access to stored data, and the use of such information for national planning in a free-enterprise society.
Input-Output in the United Kingdom: Proceedings of the 1968 Manchester Conference (Routledge Library Editions: Econometrics #5)
by W. F. GosslingOriginally published in 1970. Input-output analysis has been described as the "lynch-pin of modern economic planning". Its purpose is to trace the consequences of any economic change through each sector of the economy; to measure, for example, the effects of an increase in fuel tax on the price of food, or of an expansion in car production on the country’s import bill. This kind of knowledge is clearly essential for making economic predictions. This book presents the proceedings of the 1968 Manchester Conference including six outline papers, each followed by discussion, and several summaries of ongoing and proposed research which were added afterwards. The speakers and participants constituted a representative sample of persons from Industry and Commerce, as well as the Universities and the Civil Service.
Inquebrantable
by Laura HillenbrandRetrato de la extraordinaria historia de Louie Zamperini, un atleta olímpico que se convirtió en aviador de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, en náufrago y en prisionero japonés. Inquebrantable fue adaptada en 2014 por Angelina Jolie, película que tuvo 3 nominaciones a los premios Oscar y fue incluida por el American Film Institute en el Top 10 de las mejores películas del año. Una historia de supervivencia, valor y resistencia durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Louie Zamperini, niño problemático, atleta olímpico, aviador durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, náufrago en el Pacífico Sur, prisionero de los japoneses... un superviviente. Junio, 1943. Louie Zamperini, bombardero de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y atleta olímpico, se encuentra tendido sobre una pequeña balsa a la deriva en la inmensidad del océano Pacífico. Junto a él yacen otros dos compañeros. Sus cuerpos están abrasados por el sol y un grupo de tiburones los acecha cada minuto. Llevan 27 días sin rumbo y hace mucho que perdieron la esperanza de ser rescatados. Un sonido metálico los alerta... es un avión -pueden ver su destello a lo lejos-, Zamperini arroja dos bengalas. Los náufragos se desesperan, pero de pronto lo ven reaparecer. La tripulación los ha visto. El avión empieza a descender y los hombres se percatan con espanto de que se trata de un bombardero japonés y de que ellos son su objetivo. No hay salida. Así comienza Inquebrantable, una de las historias reales más impactantes de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Laura Hillenbrand, autora de Seabiscuit, articula con la destreza de las grandes novelistas la vida de un hombre extraordinario que tuvo una infancia complicada, que descubrió que poseía un increíble don para correr que lo llevó a participar en los Juegos Olímpicos de Berlín y que se convirtió en aviador durante la guerra, una experiencia dramática que lo puso al límite envarias ocasiones. Una obra imprescindible cuya lectura atrapa desde las primeras páginas, una historia de supervivencia, valor y resistencia que no dejará indiferente a nadie. Una odisea contemporánea.
The Inquest: A Novel of the Greatest Story Never Told
by Stephen Dando-CollinsIn the time of Vespasian, just after Rome has crushed the Jewish Revolt, Julius Varro, a Roman Questor (an investigating magistrate )is commissioned to investigate the story that a Jew rose from the dead after being crucified in Jerusalem. Because the fast-growing Nazarene sect founded by the martyr's followers is becoming a threat to the stability of the region, there is much riding on debunking the story. Questor Varro has to deal with the evidence that goes back forty years, with most witnesses long dead and the living ones lying to protect themselves. But he is intent on producing a report that will demolish the claims of these religious fanatics. His investigation stirs intrigue, religious passion, and violence, to say nothing of an attraction to a beautiful Jewish slave girl. Questor Varro's report methodically destroys the myth fueling the newborn Christian movement. But then an extraordinary event occurs that changes everything.
Inquilab: Bhagat Singh on Religion & Revolution
by S Irfan HabibExtolled for his extraordinary courage and sacrifice, Bhagat Singh is one of our most venerated freedom fighters. He is valourised for his martyrdom, and rightly so, but in the ensuing enthusiasm, most of us forget, or consciously ignore, his contributions as an intellectual and a thinker. He not only sacrificed his life, like many others did before and after him, but he also had a vision of independent India. In the current political climate, when it has become routine to appropriate Bhagat Singh as a nationalist icon, not much is known or spoken about his nationalist vision. Inquilab: Bhagat Singh on Religion and Revolution provides a corrective to such a situation by bringing together some of Bhagat Singh′s seminal writings on his pluralist and egalitarian vision. In doing so, it compels the reader to see that while continuing to celebrate the memory of Bhagat Singh as a martyr and a nationalist, we must also learn about his intellectual legacy. This important book also makes a majority of these writings, hitherto only available in Hindi, accessible for the first time to the English-language readership.