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Lexikon of the Hispanic Baroque: Transatlantic Exchange and Transformation

by Kenneth Mills Evonne Levy

Over the course of some two centuries following the conquests and consolidations of Spanish rule in the Americas during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries-the period designated as the Baroque-new cultural forms sprang from the cross-fertilization of Spanish, Amerindian, and African traditions. This dynamism of motion, relocation, and mutation changed things not only in Spanish America, but also in Spain, creating a transatlantic Hispanic world with new understandings of personhood, place, foodstuffs, music, animals, ownership, money and objects of value, beauty, human nature, divinity and the sacred, cultural proclivities-a whole lexikon of things in motion, variation, and relation to one another. Featuring the most creative thinking by the foremost scholars across a number of disciplines, the Lexikon of the Hispanic Baroque is a uniquely wide-ranging and sustained exploration of the profound cultural transfers and transformations that define the transatlantic Spanish world in the Baroque era. Pairs of authors-one treating the peninsular Spanish kingdoms, the other those of the Americas-provocatively investigate over forty key concepts, ranging from material objects to metaphysical notions. Illuminating difference as much as complementarity, departure as much as continuity, the book captures a dynamic universe of meanings in the various midst of its own re-creations. The Lexikon of the Hispanic Baroque joins leading work in a number of intersecting fields and will fire new research-it is the indispensible starting point for all serious scholars of the early modern Spanish world.

Lexington

by Rockbridge Historical Society Sharon Ritenour Stevens Alice Trump Williams

Lexington, the seat for Rockbridge County, is situated in the beautiful Shenandoah Valley within minutes of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Main Street is part of Route 11--the Valley Pike/Great Road--and the architecture downtown looks much as it did in the 19th century. Lexington is home to Washington and Lee University and Virginia Military Institute. It is also the final resting place for Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson and Robert E. Lee, as well as their horses. Within a few blocks, one visits the Stonewall Jackson House, Lee Chapel Museum, the VMI Museum, and the George C. Marshall Library Museum.

Lexington

by Bo Bennett

Lexington, North Carolina, heralded as the "Barbecue Capital of the World," is located in the heart of the Triad, just 30 miles from High Point, Winston-Salem, and Greensboro. Along with barbecue, the town enjoys a rich history in the furniture business and textile industry. Legend claims that the European families who made Lexington their home in the early 1700s named it after a battle of the American Revolution. On April 19, 1775, the brave soldiers of Lexington, Massachusetts, armed themselves and courageously fought the British, losing seven American lives. News of their courage reached North Carolina, and it was decided to name the town in honor of the place whereone of the first known British resistances occurred.

Lexington

by Sharon R. Paeth

Originally known as Saxe Gotha Township when it was created by the Colonial government in 1735, Lexington has a unique and rich history. The county began simply as a buffer between the city of Charleston and the Native Americans. Creative locals built a thriving business community in the area around the Congaree River in present-day Cayce, supporting trade between the colonists and the Native Americans. Emigrants from Germany and Switzerland were invited to become pioneers. They were independent, hard-working farmers who built the area into a strong and sustaining home despite numerous trials and tribulations. Native American wars, fires, Civil War, depressions, and world wars only solidified these settlers' strong sense of ownership and pride in their county. Today visitors enjoy over 50 historical sites and recreation facilities.

Lexington and Concord: The Battle Heard Round The World

by George C. Daughan

An award-winning historian reinterprets the battle that launched the American Revolution. George C. Daughan’s magnificently detailed account of the Battle of Lexington and Concord challenges the prevailing narrative of the American War of Independence. It was, Daughan argues, based as much in economic concerns as political ones. When Massachusetts militiamen turned out in overwhelming numbers to fight the British, they believed they were fighting for their farms and livelihoods, as well as for liberty. Benjamin Franklin was not surprised by this widespread belief. In the years prior to the Revolution, Franklin had toured Great Britain and witnessed the wretched living conditions of the king’s subjects. They wore rags for clothes, went barefoot, and had little to eat. They were not citizens, but serfs. Franklin described the appalling situation in a number of letters home. In the eyes of many American colonists, Britain’s repressive measures were not seen simply as an effort to reestablish political control of the colonies, but also as a means to reduce the prosperous colonists themselves to the serfdom described in the Franklin letters. Another key factor in the outcome of this historic battle, according to Daughan, was the scorn British officers had for colonial fighters. Although the British officers had fought alongside colonial Americans in the ferocious French and Indian War, they failed to anticipate the skill, organization, and sheer numbers of the colonial militias. Daughan explains how British arrogance led them to defeat at the hands of motivated, experienced patriot fighters determined to protect their way of life. Authoritative and immersive, Lexington and Concord gives us a new understanding of a battle that became a template for colonial uprisings in later centuries.

Lexington, Kentucky: Changes in the Early Twentieth Century (Postcard History)

by Wynelle Deese

From the 1890s through the 1920s, the postcard was an extraordinarily popular means of communication, and many of the postcards produced during this "golden age" can today be considered works of art. Postcard photographers traveled the length and breadth of the nation snapping photographs of busy street scenes, documenting local landmarks, and assembling crowds of friends and neighbors only too happy to pose for a picture. These images, printed as postcards and sold in general stores across the country, survive as telling reminders of an important era in America's history. This fascinating new history of Lexington, Kentucky, showcases more than two hundred of the best vintage postcards available.

Lexington, Virginia and the Civil War (Civil War Series)

by G. Williams Jr.

Jubilant at the outbreak of the Civil War and destitute in its aftermath, Lexington, Virginia, ultimately rose from the ashes to rebuild in the shadow of the conflict's legacy. It is the final resting place of two famous Confederate generals, Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson, and the home of two of the South's most important war-era colleges, Washington College and the Virginia Military Institute. Author Richard G. Williams presents the trials and triumphs of Lexington during the war, including harrowing narratives of Union general Hunter's raid through the town, Lee's struggle between Union and state allegiances and Jackson's rise from professor to feared battlefield tactician.

Lexington: From Liberty's Birthplace to Progressive Suburb

by Richard Kollen

A quiet colonial town forever changed by the shot heard 'round the world on April 19, 1775, Lexington evolved from its famous roots and adapted to the ever-changing culture of the nation it helped create. Over the centuries, an influx of immigrants and new ideas helped shape the town from farming community to booming rail suburb and into today's diverse city that treasures its rich heritage while striving toward a dynamic future.

Lexington: The Extraordinary Life and Turbulent Times of America's Legendary Racehorse

by Kim Wickens

NATIONAL BESTSELLER • &“A vivid portrait of America&’s greatest stallion, the larger-than-life men who raced and bred him, and the dramatic times in which they lived.&”—Geraldine Brooks, author of HorseThe powerful true story of the champion Thoroughbred racehorse who gained international fame in the tumultuous Civil War–era South, and became the most successful sire in American racing historyThe early days of American horse racing were grueling. Four-mile races, run two or three times in succession, were the norm, rewarding horses who brandished the ideal combination of stamina and speed. The stallion Lexington, named after the city in Kentucky where he was born, possessed these winning qualities, which pioneering Americans prized. Lexington shattered the world speed record for a four-mile race, showing a war-torn nation that the extraordinary was possible even in those perilous times. He would continue his winning career until deteriorating eyesight forced his retirement in 1855. But once his groundbreaking achievements as a racehorse ended, his role as a sire began. Horses from his bloodline won more money than the offspring of any other Thoroughbred—an annual success that led Lexington to be named America&’s leading sire an unprecedented sixteen times. Yet with the Civil War raging, Lexington&’s years at a Kentucky stud farm were far from idyllic. Confederate soldiers ran amok, looting freely and kidnapping horses from the top stables. They soon focused on the prized Lexington and his valuable progeny. Kim Wickens, a lawyer and dressage rider, became fascinated by this legendary horse when she learned that twelve of Thoroughbred racing's thirteen Triple Crown winners descended from Lexington. Wickens spent years meticulously researching the horse and his legacy—and with Lexington, she presents an absorbing, exciting account that transports readers back to the raucous beginning of American horse racing and introduces them to the stallion at its heart.

Leyla: The Black Tulip (Girls Of Many Lands)

by Alev Lytle Croutier

Trying to help her financially destitute family, twelve-year-old Leyla ends up on a slave ship bound for Istanbul, then in the beautiful Topkapi Palace, where she discovers that life in the sheltered world of the palace harem follows its rigid rules.

Leyte 1944

by Clayton Chun

The loss of the Phillipines in 1942 was the worst defeat in American military history. General Douglas MacArthur, the 'Lion of Luzon', was evacuated by order of the President just before the fall, but he vowed to return, and in August 1944 he kept his word when he led the largest amphibious assault of the Pacific War to date on the island of Leyte. This is the full story of that fateful battle, one of the most ferocious campaigns of World War II and one of huge strategic and symbolic significance. Preceding it had been the largest naval battle ever fought: the battle of Leyte Gulf, in which the Imperial Japanese Navy was decisively crushed. This paved the way for four divisions of Lieutenant-General Krueger's Sixth Army to spear-head the assault. In the face of stubborn Japanese resistance, including the first systematic use of kamikaze attacks, the US forces ground slowly forwards before another amphibious assault took the vital position of Ormoc in the last decisive battle of the campaign. Based on extensive research in the US Army's Military History Institute, along with other archival and veteran sources, this important study sheds new light on the operation that saw the US finally return to the Phillipines and in doing so placed another nail firmly in the coffin of the Japanese Empire.

León and Galicia Under Queen Sancha and King Fernando I (The Middle Ages Series)

by Bernard F. Reilly Simon R. Doubleday

A corrective to conventional accounts of the reign of Queen Sancha and King Fernando I in medieval IberiaAcclaimed historians Bernard F. Reilly and Simon R. Doubleday tell the story of the reign of Queen Sancha and King Fernando I, who together ruled the territories of León and Galicia between 1038 and 1065—often regarded as a period in which Christian kings and their vassals asserted themselves more successfully in the face of external rivals, both Viking and Muslim. The reality was more complex. The Iberian Peninsula remained a space of multiple, intertwined forms of power and surprisingly nuanced relationships between—and among—the diverse configurations of Christian and Muslim authority. Some of these complexities would be obscured by later generations of medieval chroniclers, whose narratives focused on the singular authority of the king and expressed a more binary view of interreligious relations.Through their account of the key events and turning points of Sancha and Fernando’s reign, Reilly and Doubleday propose a revised understanding of its political culture, offering a corrective to accounts that have emphasized a stark opposition between Christian and Muslim powers, a supposedly steady growth and centralization of royal government, and the individual figure of the monarch.Exploring the interplay of crown and elites, underscoring the role of royal women, and rejecting the Reconquista paradigm, León and Galicia Under Queen Sancha and King Fernando I reenvisions medieval Iberia at a pivotal stage in European history.

Lhasa: Streets with Memories (Asia Perspectives: History, Society, and Culture)

by Robert Barnett

There are many Lhasas. One is a grid of uniform boulevards lined with plush hotels, all-night bars, and blue-glass-fronted offices. Another is a warren of alleyways that surround a seventh-century temple built to pin down a supine demoness. A web of Stalinist, rectangular blocks houses the new nomenklatura. Crumbling mansions, once home to noble ministers, famous lovers, nationalist spies, and covert revolutionaries, now serve as shopping malls and faux-antique hotels. Each embodiment of the city partakes of the others' memories, whispered across time and along the city streets.In this imaginative new work, Robert Barnett offers a powerful and lyrical exploration of a city long idealized, disregarded, or misunderstood by outsiders. Looking to its streets and stone, Robert Barnett presents a searching and unforgettable portrait of Lhasa, its history, and its illegibility. His book not only offers itself as a manual for thinking about contemporary Tibet but also questions our ways of thinking about foreign places. Barnett juxtaposes contemporary accounts of Tibet, architectural observations, and descriptions by foreign observers to describe Lhasa and its current status as both an ancient city and a modern Chinese provincial capital. His narrative reveals how historical layering, popular memory, symbolism, and mythology constitute the story of a city. Besides the ancient Buddhist temples and former picnic gardens of the Tibetan capital, Lhasa describes the urban sprawl, the harsh rectangular structures, and the geometric blue-glass tower blocks that speak of the anxieties of successive regimes intent upon improving on the past. In Barnett's excavation of the city's past, the buildings and the city streets, interwoven with his own recollections of unrest and resistance, recount the story of Tibet's complex transition from tradition to modernity and its painful history of foreign encounters and political experiment.

Li Chih 1527-1602 in Contemporary Chinese Historiography: New light on his life and works (Routledge Revivals)

by Hok-Lam Chan

This title was first published in 1980. The present monograph, primarily a collection of annotated translations of these recent studies, is neither a new appraisal of Li Chih drawing on these materials nor a critical evaluation of the current Chinese scholarship on his life and thought. In a modest way it is an attempt to make these new sources of information more readily accessible to the sinological community to faciliate research. The divisions of this study are: two sections consisting of translations of new materials on Li Chih, with an analytical introduction on the significance of these discoveries, and two appendices of bibliographical accounts of primary and secondary sources down to recent times.

Li Hung-Chang: His Life and Times

by Alicia Helen Neva Little

Alicia Little (1845–1926) was a prolific writer who moved to China after her marriage to missionary Archibald Little (1838–1907) in 1866. She published many accounts of Chinese culture and society before founding the successful campaign against foot-binding in 1895. This volume, first published in 1903, contains her biography of the eminent Chinese statesman Li Hung–Chang (1823–1901). Li was a towering figure in late nineteenth century Chinese political life, exerting a profound influence over Chinese foreign policy and relations and overseeing China's development of western style industrialism until his dramatic fall from power following China's defeat in the 1894 Sino-Japanese War. Using contemporary newspaper accounts, eyewitness descriptions, and interviews with his contemporaries, Little describes Li's life chronologically, describing his rise to prominence following the Taiping Rebellion in 1851. This volume was the first extensive account of Li's life to be published in English.-Print ed.

Li Jun and the Iron Road

by Paulette Bourgeois Anne Tait

CCBC’s Best Books for Kids & Teens (Spring 2016) — Commended From the award-winning movie comes a story of courage and forbidden love. It’s 1882 in southern China. Li Jun, a feisty homeless girl disguised as a boy called Little Tiger, works in a fireworks factory and yearns to sail across the ocean to the mysterious Gold Mountain in faraway British Columbia to find her long-lost father and fulfill her promise to her dying mother. She joins thousands of Chinese men blasting a path for the new railway through the “impassable” Rocky Mountains. There she faces danger, deceit, and prejudice at every turn. Then, defying all the rules, she falls in love with James, the son of the railway tycoon. Should she reveal her true identity to him? Coming from such different worlds, could they make a life together?

Li Shangyin (Nyrb Poets Ser.)

by Lucas Klein A. C. Graham Li Shangyin Chloe Garcia Roberts

A one-of-a-kind collection of work by little-known Late Tang poetic master Li Shangyin.Li Shangyin is one of the foremost poets of the late Tang, but until now he has rarely been translated into English, perhaps because the esotericism and sensuality of his work set him apart from the austere masters of the Chinese literary canon. Li favored allusiveness over directness, and his poems unfurl through mysterious images before coalescing into an emotional whole. Combining hedonistic aestheticism with stark fatalism, Li’s poetry is an intoxicating mixture of pleasure and grief, desire and loss, everywhere imbued with a singular nostalgia for the present moment.This pioneering, bilingual edition presents Chloe Garcia Roberts’s translations of a wide selection of Li’s verse in the company of other versions by the prominent sinologist A. C. Graham and the scholar-poet Lucas Klein.

Li on Angel Island (Smithsonian Historical Fiction)

by Veeda Bybee

Li, her mother, and her brother journey from China to America to join their father in San Francisco. But they are detained at the Angel Island immigration center, where Chinese Americans are subject to harsh treatment and questioning. Will Li be able to answer the detailed questions about her former home, and why she wants to come to America? Or will she fail the tests and be deported?

Liaison scandaleuse (Dames et Canailles, Livre 5 #5)

by Amanda Mariel

Dans sa jeunesse, Grace Stratton, la duchesse d’Abernathy, donna son cœur à Lewis Duffield, un propriétaire terrien américain. Le devoir vers la famille les séparait car elle devait épouser un autre homme , selon les revendications de ses parents. Après des années de veuvage, Grace se retrouve seule avec Lewis et l'ancienne flamme se rallume. Retrouveront-ils cet amour qu'ils devaient brusquement interrompre?

Liaison with the Champagne Count (Enterprising Widows #1)

by Bronwyn Scott

Escape to a French château with this Victorian enemies-to-lovers storyIn a picturesque French château…A battle of wills is about to ignite! Julien Archambeau, Comte de Rocroi, has dedicated his life to reclaiming his family&’s lands. Only Lady Emma Greyville-Luce now stands in his way. The British heiress is the new owner of the vineyard that&’s the final piece of his plan. Much to Julien&’s frustration, Emma won&’t relinquish what&’s now hers, and soon it&’s not just champagne corks that start to fly, but sparks…of desire! From Harlequin Historical: Your romantic escape to the past.Enterprising WidowsBook 1: Liaison with the Champagne CountBook 2: Alliance with the Notorious LordBook 3: A Deal with the Rebellious Marquess

Liaison: The Real Story of the Affair That Inspired "M. Butterfly"

by Joyce Wadler

The true story that inspired David Hwang's play "M Butterfly", about a French diplomat, Bernard Boursicot, posted to Peking, who fell in love with a seductive opera singer, named Shi Pei Pu, apparently unaware that Pei Pu was a man. Their liaison "produced" a son, and led them into espionage and finally to gaol in France. Joyce Wadler spent four years researching the story, and finally persuaded Boursicot to break his silence and explain his side of the story.

Liaisons dangereuses: Sex, Law, and Diplomacy in the Age of Frederick the Great

by Mary Lindemann

Liaisons dangereuses examines the local and international repercussions of a notorious episode in eighteenth-century Hamburg. Historian Mary Lindemann recounts the mysterious circumstances surrounding the violent death of a counterfeit Milanese count, Joseph Visconti, at the hands of an erstwhile Prussian lieutenant, the Baron von Kesslitz. Reconstructing the drama from the perspectives of four principal players—the count, the baron, an Italian/French courtesan, Anna Maria Romellini, and Antoine Ventura de Sanpelayo, the Spanish consul in Hamburg—Lindemann explores the historical currents that swept these individuals together and the effects of their encounter on Hamburg's public, its government, and its diplomatic and economic relationships with European courts and states. Lindemann profiles each person involved in the crime, exploring their lives as unique sets of circumstances while analyzing them as eighteenth-century types. What actually took place on that fateful night in October 1775? All Hamburg buzzed with rumors, but it is impossible to determine without doubt the motives of those involved, or even to know what really happened. Nevertheless, the case that developed around the killing of Visconti provides fascinating insights into the diplomatic, cultural, legal, social, and political history of the last third of the eighteenth century.

Liaisons dangereuses: Sex, Law, and Diplomacy in the Age of Frederick the Great

by Mary Lindemann

The acclaimed historian &“creatively use[s] the real-life murder of Count Joseph Visconti . . . to examine 18th-century European life and politics&” (Library Journal). In Liaisons Dangereuses, Mary Lindemann examines the mysterious circumstances surrounding the murder of a counterfeit Milanese count, Joseph Visconti, at the hands of a Prussian nobleman, the Baron von Kesslitz. Lindmann vividly reconstructs the drama from the perspectives of the count, the baron, the Spanish consul in Hamburg Antoine Ventura de Sanpelayo, and a courtesan named Anna Maria Romellini. Lindemann explores the historical currents that swept these individuals together and the effects of their fateful encounter on Hamburg&’s public, its government, and its diplomatic standing across Europe. Each person involved in the crime is profiled in detail, showing how their individual lives fit into the larger picture of eighteenth-century society. What actually took place on that fateful night in October 1775? All Hamburg buzzed with rumors, but no definitive conclusion was reached. Nevertheless, the case that developed around the killing of Visconti provides fascinating insights into the diplomatic, cultural, legal, social, and political dynamics of late eighteenth century Europe.

Lianda

by John Israel

In the summer of 1937, Japanese troops occupied the campuses of Beijing’s two leading universities, Beida and Qinghua, and reduced Nankai, in Tianjin, to rubble. These were China's leading institutions of higher learning, run by men educated in the West and committed to modern liberal education. The three universities first moved to Changsha, 900 miles southwest of Beijing, where they joined forces. But with the fall of Nanjing in mid-December, many students left to fight the Japanese, who soon began bombing Changsha. In February 1938, the 800 remaining students and faculty made the thousand-mile trek to Kunming, in China’s remote, mountainous southwest, where they formed the National Southwest Associated University (Lianda). In makeshift quarters, subject to sporadic bombing by the Japanese and shortages of food, books, and clothing, students and professors did their best to conduct a modern university. In the next eight years, many of China’s most prominent intellectuals taught or studied at Lianda. This book is the story of their lives and work under extraordinary conditions. Lianda’s wartime saga crystallized the experience of a generation of Chinese intellectuals, beginning with epic journeys, followed by years of privation and endurance, and concluding with politicization, polarization, and radicalization, as China moved from a war of resistance against a foreign foe to a civil war pitting brother against brother. The Lianda community, which had entered the war fiercely loyal to the government of Chiang Kai-shek, emerged in 1946 as a bastion of criticism of China’s ruling Guomindang party. Within three years, the majority of the Lianda community, now returned to its north China campuses in Beijing and Tianjin, was prepared to accept Communist rule. In addition to struggling for physical survival, Lianda’s faculty and students spent the war years striving to uphold a model of higher education in which modern universities, based in large part on the American model, sought to preserve liberal education, political autonomy, and academic freedom. Successful in the face of wartime privations, enemy air raids, and Guomindang pressure, Lianda’s constituent universities eventually succumbed to Communist control. By 1952, the Lianda ideal had been replaced with a politicized and technocratic model borrowed from the Soviet Union.

Liang Ch’i Ch’ao and the Mind of Modern China

by Joseph R. Levenson

The distinction between “history” and “value” is the ground of this penetrating work. Liang Ch’i-ch’ao began writing in the 1890’s, as one who was straining against his tradition intellectually, seeing value elsewhere, but still emotionally tied to it, held by his history. How history contrived such a tension, how its release in Liang went together with the release of Confucian China from life, is the grand subject.And in drawing the times out of Liang’s intellectual life, Mr. Levenson contributes much of more general interest—a new understanding of the concepts of anachronism, analogy, contemporaneity, the generation, historical relativism, historical context, cultural and national identity, personal identity, and the distinction (crucial to comprehension of why ideas ever change) between “thinking” and “thought.”“A brilliant study of the life and work of an exceptional writer who shaped the political thought of modern China…Told with a humanist understanding far removed from the dry-as-dust manner usually ascribed to front-rank historians…this detailed account of a maker of modern China will interest not only the scholar in Far Eastern affairs, but will hold enthralled all students of the human mind in its never-ending quest for adjustment in a world of change.”—Asia Major“Why was the Confucian tradition found wanting? Why was westernization rejected? Why was Nationalism not enough for China? To these and many similar questions Liang’s life and writings provide the best answer. Mr. Levenson has interpreted them with real insight into the nature of Chinese civilization.”—Times Literary Supplement“Advances enough brilliant and challenging hypotheses to invigorate studies of Chinese intellectual history for a long time to come….[Levenson’s study] shows throughout a compassionate understanding of the harsh dilemmas, the bitter tragedies that the last century has brought to all Chinese.”—Arthur F. Wright

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