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The Long Journey of English: A Geographical History of the Language
by Peter TrudgillEnglish is one of the most widely-spoken languages in the world, with native-speaking communities at the furthest ends of the earth. However, just three thousand years ago, the language-which-became-English was not spoken anywhere in Britain. Trudgill, one of the foremost authorities on the English language, takes us on a remarkable journey through the history of English to show how it grew to become the global phenomenon that we know today. Over ten short, easily digestible chapters, he traces its development and global spread, starting with the earliest genesis of English five thousand years ago, exploring its expansion in the British Isles, and finishing with an overview of how the language looks today, including its use in an increasingly digital world. Particular attention is paid to the native-speaker varieties of English from all around the world, and the relationship between colonial varieties of English and indigenous languages.
The Long-legged Horse
by Wendell BerryFirst published in 1969 and out of print for more than 25 years, this was Berry's first collection of essays, the inaugural work introducing many of the central issues that have occupied him over the course of his career.
Long Live Latin: The Pleasures of a Useless Language
by Nicola GardiniA lively exploration of the joys of a not-so-dead languageFrom the acclaimed novelist and Oxford professor Nicola Gardini, a personal and passionate look at the Latin language: its history, its authors, its essential role in education, and its enduring impact on modern life—whether we call it “dead” or not.What use is Latin? It’s a question we’re often asked by those who see the language of Cicero as no more than a cumbersome heap of ruins, something to remove from the curriculum. In this sustained meditation, Gardini gives us his sincere and brilliant reply: Latin is, quite simply, the means of expression that made us—and continues to make us—who we are. In Latin, the rigorous and inventive thinker Lucretius examined the nature of our world; the poet Propertius told of love and emotion in a dizzying variety of registers; Caesar affirmed man’s capacity to shape reality through reason; Virgil composed the Aeneid, without which we’d see all of Western history in a different light. In Long Live Latin, Gardini shares his deep love for the language—enriched by his tireless intellectual curiosity—and warmly encourages us to engage with a civilization that has never ceased to exist, because it’s here with us now, whether we know it or not. Thanks to his careful guidance, even without a single lick of Latin grammar readers can discover how this language is still capable of restoring our sense of identity, with a power that only useless things can miraculously express.
The Long March
by Roger KimballIn The Long March, Roger Kimball, the author of Tenured Radicals, shows how the "cultural revolution" of the 1960s and '70s took hold in America, lodging in our hearts and minds, and affecting our innermost assumptions about what counts as the good life. Kimball believes that the counterculture transformed high culture as well as our everyday life in terms of attitudes toward self and country, sex and drugs, and manners and morality. Believing that this dramatic change "cannot be understood apart from the seductive personalities who articulated its goals," he intersperses his argument with incisive portraits of the life and thought of Allen Ginsberg, Norman Mailer, Timothy Leary, Susan Sontag, Eldridge Cleaver and other "cultural revolutionaries" who made their mark. For all that has been written about the counterculture, until now there has not been a chronicle of how this revolutionary movement succeeded and how its ideas helped provoke today's "culture wars." The Long March fills this gap with a compelling and well-informed narrative that is sure to provoke discussion and debate.
The Long Public Life of a Short Private Poem: Reading and Remembering Thomas Wyatt (Square One: First-Order Questions in the Humanities)
by Peter MurphyThomas Wyatt didn't publish "They Flee from Me." It was written in a notebook, maybe abroad, maybe even in prison. Today it is in every poetry anthology. How did it survive? That is the story Peter Murphy tells—in vivid and compelling detail—of the accidents of fate that kept a great poem alive across 500 turbulent years. Wyatt's poem becomes an occasion to ask and answer numerous questions about literature, culture, and history. Itself about the passage of time, it allows us to consider why anyone would write such a thing in the first place, and why anyone would care to read or remember the person who wrote it. From the deadly, fascinating circles of Henry VIII's court to the contemporary classroom, The Long Public Life of a Short Private Poem also introduces us to a series of worlds. We meet antiquaries, editors, publishers, anthologizers, and critics whose own life stories beckon. And we learn how the poem came to be considered, after many centuries of neglect, a model of the "best" English has to offer and an ideal object of literary study. The result is an exploration of literature in the fine grain of the everyday and its needs: in the classroom, in society, and in the life of nations.
The Long Run: A Creative Inquiry
by Stacey D'ErasmoThe author of The Art of Intimacy asks eight legendary artists: What has sustained you in the long run?How do we keep doing this—making art? Stacey D’Erasmo had been writing for twenty years and had published three novels when she asked herself this question. She was past the rush of her first books and wondering what to expect—how to stay alive in her vocation—in the decades ahead.She began to interview older artists she admired to find out how they’d done it. She talked to Valda Setterfield about her sixty-year career that took her from the Merce Cunningham Dance Company to theatrical collaborations with her husband to roles in films. She talked to Samuel R. Delany about his vast oeuvre of books in many genres. She talked to Amy Sillman about working between painting and other media and between abstraction and figuration. She talked to landscape architect Darrel Morrison, composer Tania Léon, actress Blair Brown, and musician Steve Earle, and started to see connections between them and to artists across time: Colette, David Bowie, Ruth Asawa. She found insights in own experience, about what has driven and thwarted and shaped her as a writer.Instead of easy answers or a road map, The Long Run offers one practitioner’s conversations, anecdotes, confidences, and observations about sustaining a creative life. Along the way, it radically redefines artistic success, shifting the focus from novelty and output and external recognition toward freedom, fluidity, resistance, community, and survival.
A Long Saturday: Conversations
by George Steiner Laure AdlerGeorge Steiner is one of the preeminent intellectuals of our time. The Washington Post has declared that no one else “writing on literature can match him as polymath and polyglot, and few can equal the verve and eloquence of his writing,” while the New York Times says of his works that “the erudition is almost as extraordinary as the prose: dense, knowing, allusive.” Reading in many languages, celebrating the survival of high culture in the face of modern barbarisms, Steiner probes the ethics of language and literature with unparalleled grace and authority. A Long Saturday offers intimate insight into the questions that have absorbed him throughout his career. In a stimulating series of conversations, Steiner and journalist Laure Adler discuss a range of topics, including Steiner’s boyhood in Vienna and Paris, his education at the University of Chicago and Harvard, and his early years in academia. Books are a touchstone throughout, but Steiner and Adler’s conversations also range over music, chess, psychoanalysis, the place of Israel in Jewish life, and beyond. Blending thoughts on subjects of broad interest in the humanities—the issue of honoring Richard Wagner and Martin Heidegger in spite of their politics, or Virginia Woolf’s awareness of the novel as a multivocal form, for example—with personal reflections on life and family, Steiner demonstrates why he is considered one of today’s greatest minds. Revealing and exhilarating, A Long Saturday invites readers to pull up a chair and listen in on a conversation with a master.
The Long Space
by Peter HitchcockThe resurgence of "world literature" as a category of study seems to coincide with what we understand as globalization, but how does postcolonial writing fit into this picture? Beyond the content of this novel or that, what elements of postcolonial fiction might challenge the assumption that its main aim is to circulate native information globally?The Long Spaceprovides a fresh look at the importance of postcolonial writing by examining how it articulates history and place both in contentandform. Not only does it offer a new theoretical model for understanding decolonization's impact on duration in writing, but through a series of case studies of Guyanese, Somali, Indonesian, and Algerian writers, it urges a more protracted engagement with time and space in postcolonial narrative. Although each writer-Wilson Harris, Nuruddin Farah, Pramoedya Ananta Toer, and Assia Djebar-explores a unique understanding of postcoloniality, each also makes a more general assertion about the difference of time and space in decolonization. Taken together, they herald a transnationalism beyond the contaminated coordinates of globalization as currently construed.
Long Story Short: The Only Storytelling Guide You'll Ever Need
by Margot LeitmanThis is a practical storytelling guide from comedian, winner of multiple Moth storytelling competitions, and founder of the Upright Citizens Brigade storytelling program, Margot Leitman. Did you ever wish you could tell a story that leaves others spellbound? Storytelling teacher and champion Margot Leitman will show you how! With a fun, irreverent, and infographic approach, this guide breaks a story into concrete components with ways to improve content, structure, emotional impact, and delivery through personal anecdotes, relatable examples, and practical exercises.From the Trade Paperback edition.
Long-term effects of Learning English
by Shigeo UematsuThis book presents a pioneering longitudinal study on English language instruction at the elementary school (ELES) level in the Japanese public school system. It attempts to identify those domains most sensitive to early English instruction by employing a state-of-the-art quantitative research methodology. English education was formally introduced in Japan for fifth and sixth graders in 2011 and is still in its infancy as a program. This study compares two groups (Grade 7 and 8) of students, one with ELES and one without, in order to shed light on their experiences. Comparisons are carried out not only quantitatively, measuring changes in English skills (listening, speaking, reading, and vocabulary / grammar) and the ELES students' affective aspects, but also qualitatively through in-depth interviews. Thus, this study attempts to capture the ELES students' experiences from a multi-dimensional perspective. The comprehensive literature review provided offers a valuable resource not only for researchers looking for a quick digest of the literature in this field before undertaking their own research, but also for policy-makers seeking to assess how to best implement ELES.
Long-Term Success for Experienced Multilinguals
by Tan Huynh Beth SkeltonAffirm the linguistic, cultural, and experiential assets that multilinguals bring into the classroom. Now is the time to push past the limits of the long-term English learner (LTEL) label and embrace a new way of honoring secondary multilinguals’ valuable life experiences and academic potential. By focusing on experienced multilinguals’ strengths and what teachers can do, you’ll discover new avenues for teaching the academic language skills required for them to process content lessons and clearly communicate discipline-specific ideas. This concise guide presents an easy-to-implement cross-curricular instructional framework specifically designed for secondary content teachers. Practical, research-based, and classroom-tested this book includes: Four essential actions that foster the conditions for experienced multilinguals to reach the highest grade-level content and language proficiency Specific strategies with "try it out" prompts to encourage implementation Templates and anchor charts for structuring lessons Vignettes and stories from both the student and teacher perspective There is nothing lacking with experienced multilinguals. All they need are the right conditions to unlock their potential—so they can express themselves as the mathematicians, scientists, historians, writers, and artists they know themselves to be.
Long-Term Success for Experienced Multilinguals
by Tan Huynh Beth SkeltonAffirm the linguistic, cultural, and experiential assets that multilinguals bring into the classroom. Now is the time to push past the limits of the long-term English learner (LTEL) label and embrace a new way of honoring secondary multilinguals’ valuable life experiences and academic potential. By focusing on experienced multilinguals’ strengths and what teachers can do, you’ll discover new avenues for teaching the academic language skills required for them to process content lessons and clearly communicate discipline-specific ideas. This concise guide presents an easy-to-implement cross-curricular instructional framework specifically designed for secondary content teachers. Practical, research-based, and classroom-tested this book includes: Four essential actions that foster the conditions for experienced multilinguals to reach the highest grade-level content and language proficiency Specific strategies with "try it out" prompts to encourage implementation Templates and anchor charts for structuring lessons Vignettes and stories from both the student and teacher perspective There is nothing lacking with experienced multilinguals. All they need are the right conditions to unlock their potential—so they can express themselves as the mathematicians, scientists, historians, writers, and artists they know themselves to be.
A Long the Riverrun: Selected Essays
by Richard EllmannA splendid collection of literary essays. Ellmann's "Oscar Wilde" was a tremendous critical success, winning both the NBCC and the Pulitzer Prize last year.
The Long Twelfth-Century View of the Anglo-Saxon Past (Studies in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland)
by Martin Brett David A. WoodmanScholars have long been interested in the extent to which the Anglo-Saxon past can be understood using material written, and produced, in the twelfth century; and simultaneously in the continued importance (or otherwise) of the Anglo-Saxon past in the generations following the Norman Conquest of England. In order to better understand these issues, this volume provides a series of essays that moves scholarship forward in two significant ways. Firstly, it scrutinises how the Anglo-Saxon past continued to be reused and recycled throughout the longue durée of the twelfth century, as opposed to the early decades that are usually covered. Secondly, by bringing together scholars who are experts in various different scholarly disciplines, the volume deals with a much broader range of historical, linguistic, legal, artistic, palaeographical and cultic evidence than has hitherto been the case. Divided into four main parts: The Anglo-Saxon Saints; Anglo-Saxon England in the Narrative of Britain; Anglo-Saxon Law and Charter; and Art-history and the French Vernacular, it scrutinises the majority of different genres of source material that are vital in any study of early medieval British history. In so doing the resultant volume will become a standard reference point for students and scholars alike interested in the ways in which the Anglo-Saxon past continued to be of importance and interest throughout the twelfth century.
Long-Vowel Shifts in English, c. 1050–1700
by Gjertrud Flermoen StenbrendenThe English language has undergone many sound changes in its long history. Some of these changes had a profound effect on the pronunciation of the language. A number of these significant instances of language evolution are generally grouped together and termed the 'Great Vowel Shift'. These changes are generally considered to be unrelated to other, similar long-vowel changes taking place a little earlier. This book assesses an extensive range of irregular Middle English spellings for all these changes, with a view to identifying the real course of events: the dates, the chronology, and the dialects that stand out as being innovative. Using empirical evidence to offer a fresh perspective and drawing new, convincing conclusions, Stenbrenden offers an interpretation of the history of the English language which may change our view of sound change completely.
Long Vowels (Bob Books Set #5)
by Bobby Lynn Maslen John R. MaslenBob Books Set 5 - Long Vowels introduces the important new skills of long vowels and the magical silent e. These two new concepts stimulate your reader by opening the door to longer stories and more complex spellings. Children's reading vocabularies grow quickly as they finish the longer stories in eight books, 16 to 24 pages. <p><p> Set 5 includes the most complex words and sentences of any of the Bob Books series, building upon earlier reading skills learned in Bob Books Sets 1 - 4. Once your child has mastered Set 5, he or she will be ready to move on to reading chapter books. It's an exciting, transformative moment that you will share with your child.
The Long Year: A 2020 Reader (Public Books Series)
by Andy Horowitz Éric Charmes Max Rousseau Adam Tooze Joan Wallach Scott Andrew Lakoff Keisha N. Blain Natalia Molina Marcia Chatelain Michelle Cera Gilles Guiheux Ye Guo Renyou Hou Manon Laurent Jun Li Anne-Valérie Ruinet Govindan Venkatasubramanian Isabelle Guérin Mathieu Ferry Marine Al Dahdah Neha Vora Sulfikar Amir Sherihan Radi Mustafa Dikeç Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor Simon Balto Jeffrey Aaron Snyder Rachel Nolan David Schmidt Julie Livingston Margaret Morganroth Gullette Xiaowei Wang Priscilla Wald Evan Lieberman Warwick Anderson Julia Foulkes Soledad Álvarez Velasco Sophie Lewis Guobin Yang Sophie Gonick Margaret O'Mara Alfonso Fierro Erick Corrêa Ananya Roy Gianpaolo Biaocchi Jake Carlson Quentin Ravelli Jean-Paul Gagnon Rikki J. Dean Afsoun Afsahi Emily Beausoleil Selen A. Ercan Miguel Centeno Gautam Bhan Joanne Randa Nucho Yarimar Bonilla Jacob A.C. Remes Warren Breckman Cordula Dittmer Daniel F. Lorenz Kathryn Cai Eric Klinenberg David S. Barnes Kavita Sivaramakrishnan Merlin ChowkwanyunSome years—1789, 1929, 1989—change the world suddenly. Or do they? In 2020, a pandemic converged with an economic collapse, inequalities exploded, and institutions weakened. Yet these crises sprang not from new risks but from known dangers. The world—like many patients—met 2020 with a host of preexisting conditions, which together tilted the odds toward disaster. Perhaps 2020 wasn’t the year the world changed; perhaps it was simply the moment the world finally understood its deadly diagnosis.In The Long Year, some of the world’s most incisive thinkers excavate 2020’s buried crises, revealing how they must be confronted in order to achieve a more equal future. Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor calls for the defunding of police and the refunding of communities; Keisha Blain demonstrates why the battle against racism must be global; and Adam Tooze reveals that COVID-19 hit hardest where inequality was already greatest and welfare states weakest. Yarimar Bonilla, Xiaowei Wang, Simon Balto, Marcia Chatelain, Gautam Bhan, Ananya Roy, and others offer insights from the factory farms of China to the elite resorts of France, the meatpacking plants of the Midwest to the overcrowded hospitals of India.The definitive guide to these ongoing catastrophes, The Long Year shows that only by exposing the roots and ramifications of 2020 can another such breakdown be prevented. It is made possible through institutional partnerships with Public Books and the Social Science Research Council.
Longfellow: A Rediscovered Life
by Charles C. CalhounCharles C. Calhoun's Longfellow gives life, at last, to the most popular American poet who ever lived, a nineteenth-century cultural institution of extraordinary influence and the"one poet average, nonbookish Americans still know by heart" (Dana Gioia).Calhoun's Longfellow emerges as one of America's first powerful cultural makers: a poet and teacher who helped define Victorian culture; a major conduit for European culture coming into America; a catalyst for the Colonial Revival movement in architecture and interior design; and a critic of both Puritanism and the American obsession with material success. Longfellow is also a portrait of a man in advance of his time in championing multiculturalism: He popularized Native American folklore; revived the Evangeline story (the foundational myth of modern Acadian and Cajun identity in the U.S. and Canada); wrote powerful poems against slavery; and introduced Americans to the languages and literatures of other lands.Calhoun's portrait of post-Revolutionary Portland, Maine, where Longfellow was born, and of his time at Bowdoin and Harvard Colleges, show a deep and imaginative grasp of New England cultural history. Longfellow's tragic romantic life-his first wife dies tragically early, after a miscarriage, and his second wife, Fannie Appleton, dies after accidentally setting herself on fire-is illuminated, and his intense friendship with abolitionist and U.S. senator Charles Sumner is given as a striking example of mid-nineteenth-century romantic friendship between men. Finally, Calhoun paints in vivid detail Longfellow's family life at Craigie House, including stories of the poet's friends-Hawthorne, Emerson, Dickens, Fanny Kemble, Julia Ward Howe, and Oscar Wilde among them.
Longing to Belong
by Sarah Juliette SassonAn emblematic figure of the 'bourgeois century,' the parvenu represents the Other on which a society depends. This drama of exclusion is symptomatic of nineteenth-century society: ambivalent about social mobility, oscillating between a new sense of opportunity for all and a backward-looking retrenchment to rigid social structures.
Longitudinal Interactional Histories: Bilingual and Biliterate Journeys of Mexican Immigrant-origin Youth
by Amanda K. KiblerThis book explores the lives of five Mexican immigrant-origin youths in the United States, documenting their language and literacy journeys over an eight-year period from adolescence to young adulthood. In these qualitative case studies, the author uses a “longitudinal interactional histories approach” (LIHA) to explore literacy events in which the young people participated over time, telling the stories behind texts they created in order to better understand opportunities for bilingual and biliterate development available inside and outside of formal schooling. The book begins with an overview and exploration of theories and research underpinning the project, with a focus on countering minoritizing discourses faced by many multilingual immigrant youth and prioritizing the “goodness” of their experiences. The study’s methodology, including LIHA, is presented, before individual case studies of all five youth are explored. The book closes with a synthesis of these cases and exploration of pedagogical, policy, and research implications. It will be of particular interest to students and scholars of education, applied linguistics and sociolinguistics, as well as teachers and policy-makers working with bilingual and biliterate immigrant youth.
Longitudinal Studies of Second Language Learning: Quantitative Methods and Outcomes (Second Language Acquisition Research Series)
by Steven J. Ross Megan C. MastersLongitudinal Studies of Second Language Learning: Quantitative Methods and Outcomes provides a how-to guide to choosing, using, and understanding quantitative longitudinal research and sampling methods in second and foreign language learning. This volume will provide readers with exemplary longitudinal studies of language learning outcomes, as well as an overview of widely used methods of data analysis. Readers will understand how long-term data collection processes are organized and archived, and how the data are managed over time prior to analysis. Each of the chapters provide applied researchers with examples of how language learning outcomes gathered over time can be organized into data sets useful for insightful descriptive and inferential analyses of learning outcomes. As the only edited volume that focuses on longitudinal data analysis specifically for a second language acquisition (SLA)/applied linguistics readership, this will be an invaluable resource for advanced students and researchers of SLA, applied linguistics, assessment, and education.
Longitudinal Studies on the Organization of Social Interaction
by Esther González-Martínez Johannes Wagner Simona Pekarek DoehlerThis book advances our understanding of change over time in human social conduct, and represents the first consolidated effort to reveal how micro-analytic studies of social interaction address such issues. The book presents a collection of longitudinal studies drawing on conversation analysis across a variety of settings, practices, languages and timescales, and analyses the ways in which participants produce and deal with practices changing over time. This edited collection will interest students and scholars of conversation analysis, sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, interactional linguistics and pragmatics.
The Longitudinal Study of Advanced L2 Capacities (Second Language Acquisition Research Series)
by Lourdes Ortega Heidi ByrnesResearchers and educators routinely call for longitudinal research on language learning and teaching. The present volume explores the connection between longitudinal study and advanced language capacities, two under-researched areas, and proposes an agenda for future research. Five chapters probe theoretical and methodological reflections about the longitudinal study of advanced L2 capacities, followed by eight chapters that report on empirical longitudinal investigations spanning descriptive, quasi-experimental, qualitative, and quantitative longitudinal methodologies. In addition, the co-editors offer a detailed introduction to the volume and a coda chapter in which they explore what it would take to design systematic research programs for the longitudinal investigation of advanced L2 capacities. The scholars in this volume collectively make the argument that second language acquisition research will be the richer, theoretically and empirically, if a trajectory toward advancedness is part of its conceptualization right from the beginning and, in reverse, that advancedness is a particularly interesting acquisitional level at which to probe contemporary theories associated with the longitudinal study of language development. Acknowledging that advancedness is increasingly important in our multicultural societies and globalized world, the central question explored in the present collection is: How does learning over time evolve toward advanced capacities in a second language?
Longman Academic Writing Series 4
by Alice Oshima Ann Hogue Lara RavitchThe Longman Academic Writing Series helps develop student writing from basic composition of sentences and paragraphs to academic essays and research papers. At each level, students are offered guidance in the complete writing process from prewriting to revision, and are provided with clear explanations, extensive practice, and consistent coverage of sentence mechanics and grammar. Highlights Step-by-step approach helps students produce a well-organized, clearly developed portfolio that is the foundation of academic coursework. Realistic writing models guide writers while clear explanations, supported by examples, help students through typical rough spots. Extensive practice helps students assimilate writing skills to learn to write with accuracy and confidence. Timed writing activities provide a plan for writing paragraphs on tests. Interactive tasks, such as pair and group work, allow students to receive peer feedback on their individual writing. Level 5 offers more advanced guidance in the writing of essays and research papers. New Essential Online Resources include grammar for writing and sentence structure activities, teacher support material, teacher's manual, and assessments.
The Longman Anthology of British Literature: The Romantics and Their Contemporaries (Volume 2A)
by David Damrosch Kevin J. H. DettmarResponding to major shifts in literary studies, this was the first collection to pay attention to the contexts within which literature is produced, even as it broadened the scope of that literature to embrace the full diversity of the British Isles.