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Linguistic Perspectives on Literature: Linguistics: Linguistic Perspectives On Literature (Routledge Library Editions: Linguistics)
by Marvin K.L. Ching Michael C. Haley Ronald F. LunsfordAlthough linguistics is often a technical and increasingly abstruse discipline, many linguists retain a concern for the way in which linguistics can shed light on literature and literary problems. In their introductory chapter, the editors of this collection of essays, by linguists on either side of the Atlantic, enunciate a bold stance that defines the theoretical relationship between linguistics and literature, delimits what should be considered a linguistic analysis of literature, and explains how such an analysis is related to current theories of readership and literary criticism. The editors’ theory of the relationship between linguistic and literary studies stipulates an eclectic rather than a holistic approach, and the essays they have gathered together reflect this belief. The contributions include such varied approaches as transformational grammar, text grammar and speech act theory, and the topics analysed include many that are at the heart of literature, such as topicalization, imagery, figurative language, ambiguity, and the play on words through puns. The anthology as a whole illustrates how linguistic theory illuminates the very nature of literary language. It also gives evidence of the new insights into literature that have arisen from a close analysis of the language in which the literature is encoded.
Linguistic Perspectives on Sexuality in Education: Representations, Constructions and Negotiations (Palgrave Studies in Language, Gender and Sexuality)
by Łukasz PakułaThis book brings together leading academics and practitioners working in the area of language, gender, sexuality and education, consolidating recent developments and moving the field forward in a contemporary context. This unique and timely volume captures current themes, debates, theories and methods in the field, and will be of interest to scholars and practitioners working around the world in the areas of Applied Linguistics, Teaching English as a Foreign Language, Education, Sociology and Discourse Studies.
Linguistic Relativity: Evidence Across Languages and Cognitive Domains (Applications of Cognitive Linguistics Ser. #25)
by Caleb EverettThis book introduces the reader to the current findings on linguistic relativity, and in so doing helps to answer one of the most vexing questions in the cognitive and social sciences: Does the language you speak affect how you think?
Linguistic Relativity Today: Language, Mind, Society, and the Foundations of Linguistic Anthropology
by Marcel DanesiThis is the first textbook on the linguistic relativity hypothesis, presenting it in user-friendly language, yet analyzing all its premises in systematic ways. The hypothesis claims that there is an intrinsic interconnection between thought, language, and society. All technical terms are explained and a glossary is provided at the back of the volume. The book looks at the history and different versions of the hypothesis over the centuries, including the research paradigms and critiques that it has generated. It also describes and analyzes the relevant research designed to test its validity in various domains of language structure and use, from grammar and discourse to artificial languages and in nonverbal semiotic systems as well. Overall, this book aims to present a comprehensive overview of the hypothesis and its supporting research in a textbook fashion, with pedagogical activities in each chapter, including questions for discussion and practical exercises on specific notions associated with the hypothesis. The book also discusses the hypothesis as a foundational notion for the establishment of linguistic anthropology as a major branch of linguistics. This essential course text inspires creative, informed dialogue and debate for students of anthropology,linguistics, cultural studies, cognitive science, and psychology.
Linguistic Representations of Gender in Children's Literature: Feeling, Speaking, Doing (Palgrave Studies in Language, Gender and Sexuality)
by Sally HuntThis book examines how aspects of gender and identity are represented in some of the best-selling children's book series published in English over the last 100 years. Combining the quantitative methods of corpus linguistics with Critical Discourse Analytic interpretation, the author's analysis shows how gendered constructions of identity are built on uneven patterns of representation. Stories, and the characters who inhabit them, not only provide child readers with entertainment, but also the building blocks of their identities: linguistic choices construct representations of how to be a girl or how to be a boy, often in binary, mutually exclusive terms. Hunt's critical corpus linguistic approach uncovers patterns of representation beyond the fiction author's awareness, which reveal their assumptions about how girls and women behave, or should behave, or what boys and men do, or should do. Chapters cover the gendered patterns found in how characters speak, how they express emotion and how they act on the world, as well as those characters who contradict these patterns and perform their genders in different ways. The detailed analysis and its implications will be relevant to teachers of literature, both at school and at university level, media researchers, lecturers and students of linguistics or gender studies, and anyone interested in child development and the fiction written for children.
Linguistic Resources for Natural Language Processing: On the Necessity of Using Linguistic Methods to Develop NLP Software
by Max SilberzteinEmpirical — data-driven, neural network-based, probabilistic, and statistical — methods seem to be the modern trend. Recently, OpenAI’s ChatGPT, Google’s Bard and Microsoft’s Sydney chatbots have been garnering a lot of attention for their detailed answers across many knowledge domains. In consequence, most AI researchers are no longer interested in trying to understand what common intelligence is or how intelligent agents construct scenarios to solve various problems. Instead, they now develop systems that extract solutions from massive databases used as cheat sheets. In the same manner, Natural Language Processing (NLP) software that uses training corpora associated with empirical methods are trendy, as most researchers in NLP today use large training corpora, always to the detriment of the development of formalized dictionaries and grammars.Not questioning the intrinsic value of many software applications based on empirical methods, this volume aims at rehabilitating the linguistic approach to NLP. In an introduction, the editor uncovers several limitations and flaws of using training corpora to develop NLP applications, even the simplest ones, such as automatic taggers.The first part of the volume is dedicated to showing how carefully handcrafted linguistic resources could be successfully used to enhance current NLP software applications. The second part presents two representative cases where data-driven approaches cannot be implemented simply because there is not enough data available for low-resource languages. The third part addresses the problem of how to treat multiword units in NLP software, which is arguably the weakest point of NLP applications today but has a simple and elegant linguistic solution.It is the editor's belief that readers interested in Natural Language Processing will appreciate the importance of this volume, both for its questioning of the training corpus-based approaches and for the intrinsic value of the linguistic formalization and the underlying methodology presented.
Linguistic Semantics
by William FrawleyThis volume is a comprehensive, up-to-date, and readable introduction to linguistic meaning. While partial to conceptual and typological approaches, the book also presents results from formal approaches. Throughout, the focus is on grammatical meaning -- the way languages delineate universal semantic space and encode it in grammatical form. Subjects covered by the author include: the domain of linguistic semantics and the basic tools, assumptions, and issues of semantic analysis; semantic properties of entities, events, and thematic roles; language and space; tense, aspect, and the internal structure and temporal ordering of events; modality, negation, and the epistemology of the speaker; and modification and attribution. In contrast to most current treatments of semantics, this book is accessible to the beginning student of semantics and linguistics and also useful to the advanced practitioner. A textbook and reference work in a single volume, it can be used in a number of disciplines: psychology, computer science, and anthropology as well as linguistics.
Linguistic Semiotics (Peking University Linguistics Research #3)
by Mingyu WangThis is the first book of its kind that explains the basic concepts, theoretical foundations and systematic research of linguistic semiotics, so as to establish a well-founded framework for linguistic semiotics as an independent discipline. While examining the major claims of different schools of semiotics, it also addresses 12 central issues concerning linguistic semiotics, and outlines semiotic studies in China focusing on the multiple research areas and accomplishments. In addition to illustrations and tables, the book offers an “Index of References in Linguistic Semiotics” consisting of 1,063 entries, including monographs, journal papers, conference proceedings, etc. in Chinese, English and Russian.
The Linguistic Shaping of Thought: A Study in the Impact of Language on Thinking in China and the West
by A. H. Bloom Alfred H. BloomFirst published in 1981. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Linguistic Stereotyping and Minority Groups in Japan (Routledge Contemporary Japan Series)
by Nanette GottliebThis book is the first full-length study in English to examine the use of discriminatory language in Japan. As in other countries, there has been much debate about the public use of language deemed demeaning to certain groups within society especially in relation to the issue of minority rights versus freedom of speech. Adding a new dimension to the discussion of language and society in Japan, the book focuses on an aspect of language and power which highlights some of the dissent underlying Japan’s officially promoted ideology of a harmonious society. The text presents a revealing examination of the discriminatory language, known as sabetsu yogo, as identified by five minority groups, the Burakumin, the Ainu, people with physical or mental disabilities, women and ethnic groups within Japan
Linguistic Strategies in Daoist Zhuangzi and Chan Buddhism: The Other Way of Speaking
by Youru WangAs the first systematic attempt to probe the linguistic strategies of Daoist Zhuangzi and Chan Buddhism, this book investigates three areas: deconstructive strategy, liminology of language, and indirect communication. It bases these investigations on the critical examination of original texts, placing them strictly within soteriological contexts. Whilst focusing on language use, the study also reveals some important truths about these two traditions and challenges many conventional understandings of them. Responding to recent critiques of Daoist and Chan Buddhist thought, it brings these two traditions into a constructive dialogue with contemporary philosophical reflection. It discovers Zhuangzian and Chan perspectives and sheds light on issues such as the relationship between philosophy and non-philosophy, de-reification of words, relativising the limit of language, structure of indirect communication, and use of paradox, tautology and poetic language.
Linguistic Stratigraphy: Recovering Traces of Lost Languages in the Central Andes
by Matthias UrbanThis book examines the historical linguistic panorama of Western South America, focusing on the minor languages that were partially or fully replaced by the expansion of the Quechuan family through the region.The author presents a coherent and generally applicable framework for studying prehistoric language shift processes and reconstructing earlier linguistic landscapes before significant language spreads ousted former patterns of linguistic diversity. This framework combines toponymic evidence with the analysis of substrate contact effects, and, in some cases, extralinguistic evidence, to create an integrated if incomplete of extinct and undocumented languages. In an authoritative exploration of case studies, concerning Aymara in parts of Southern Peru, Cañar in Ecuador, and Chacha in Northern Peru, the book shows how the identities of lost languages and earlier linguistic panoramas can be reconstructed.
Linguistic Survey of the Northern Bantu Borderland: Volume One (Linguistic Surveys of Africa #7)
by Malcolm Guthrie A. N. TuckerThe northern limit of the Bantu languages is one of the important linguistic boundaries of Africa and this and the subsequent 3 volumes provide an invaluable resource which delimits the frontier. Since a number of the languages investigated had not hitherto been recorded, while with others the published information was inadquate and confused the Linguistic Survey of the Northern Bantu Borderland can justifiably be described as a pioneering study. This volume consists of demographic information together with maps and tabulated indications of the affinities of the languages.
Linguistic Survey of the Northern Bantu Borderland: Volume Two (Linguistic Surveys of Africa #8)
by Irvine RichardsonThis volume, originally published in 1957, contains the linguistic evidence for the classification of the languages encountered by the western team of the Northern Bantu Borderland Survey. To appreciate fully its implications it should be read in close conjunction with the appropriate sections of Volume 1 of the Survey, dealing with the demography of this area. The inclusion of some languages over others in this volume in no way reflects its demographic or linguistic importance, but simply indicates that the evidence was available to the Survey. The material is original and except where otherwise indicated was taken down by the team in phonetic script from local informants in situ.
Linguistic Survey of the Northern Bantu Borderland: Volume Four (Linguistic Surveys of Africa #9)
by A. N. Tucker M. A. BryanThe classification and distribution of the languages of the Northern Bantu Borderland between the Great Lakes and the Indian Ocean have been given in Volume 1 of The Linguistic Survey of the Northern Bantu Borderland, where however, the linguistic evidence on which the classification rested was not included. This is now set out in this volume, originally published in 1957. The languages have been divided into three categories: Bantu, partly Bantu and non-Bantu. within each category the languages have been grouped according to linguistic criteria. The choice of languages represented here has been determined by the availability of reliable linguistic material.
Linguistic Tactics and Strategies of Marginalization in Japanese
by Judit Kroo Kyoko SatohThis edited book brings together studies on different aspects of marginalization in Japanese, creating a framework for studying marginalization which can also be applied in other linguistic and international contexts. The chapters in this book look at both marginalization of others and self-marginalization, examining the pragmatic strategies used to achieve marginalization, and investigating situations where it acts as an agentive tactic of speakers, in addition to a strategy of broader social structures. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of sociolinguistics, pragmatics, linguistic anthropology, and East Asian languages and cultures.
Linguistic Theory: The Discourse of Fundamental Works (Longman Linguistics Library)
by Robert De BeaugrandeIn Linguistic Theory, Robert de Beaugrande analyses linguistic theories not as abstract ideas or theses, but as the process and product of theoretical discourse. He argues that the best documentation of this discourse can be found in the 'fundamental' works of major linguists from Ferdinand de Saussure to Teun van Dijk and Walter Kintsch. He therefore employs the highly unusual strategy of a close reading of these works as discourse performances and strives to uncover their main points and characteristic moves in the linguist's own words.Through this approach, the reader is able to appreciate and understand the variety and controversy among linguistic theories as they have emerged and developed in interaction with each other. Special scrutiny is allocated to the issue of how far the active practice of the linguists followed their own theories and proposals, and why. The author concludes by assessing the prospects for linguistics to be drawn from the retrospect in the previous chapters.
Linguistic Theory for Aphasia
by Maria Garraffa Giuditta SmithThis book presents a cutting-edge overview of the language models of in phonology, morphology, syntax, and pragmatics, proposed to underlie language phenotypes across aphasic syndromes, as well as the potential applications of linguistic theory to advance therapeutic treatment -and research- in aphasiology. It draws together examples from a range of aphasic syndromes, providing valuable insights into the way language-specific properties may affect the manifestation of language deficits across aphasia. The authors discuss experimental evidence of deficits across language domains, which is crucial to those who study language abilities in aphasia. It concludes by examining how linguistic theory might contribute to patient classification in aphasia and to future directions for research in experimental linguistics and aphasiology. This book will appeal to students and scholars of neuropsychology, psycholinguistics, linguistics, and speech and language therapy.
Linguistic Tools for Written Communication: An Applied Approach
by Reshmi Dutta-FlandersThis book uses a linguistically and stylistically grounded analytical approach to written discourse to explain the patterns that appear when evaluating academic essays, and to explore the potential of ‘nativized’ linguistic tendencies as strategies in written communication. As 'linguistic behaviour', these strategies constitute a multinorm, and the author argues that comprehensive awareness of a written norm in a multilingual context is not about language rules for ironing out inequalities, but rather about varieties of linguistic practices that construct alternative strategies and patterns in written discourse. The book combines topics such as study skills, English as a Second Language and English for Academic Purposes, but grounds them within a World Englishes and syntactic paradigm, exploring why students write in a certain way due to their linguistic instincts, as well as helping students to see practical examples of what this means from the immediate perspective of sentence construction. It will be of interest to scholars of Education, Language and Linguistics, Study Skills, EAP and World Englishes, as well as students across disciplines who are encountering the academic essay as a form for the first time.
The Linguistic Turn in Hermeneutic Philosophy
by Cristina Lafont José MedinaThe linguistic turn in German philosophy was initiated in the eighteenth century in the work of Johann Georg Hamann, Johann Gottfried von Herder, and Wilhelm von Humboldt. It was further developed in this century by Martin Heidegger, and Hans-Georg Gadamer extended its influence to contemporary philosophers such as Karl-Otto Apel and Habermas. This tradition focuses on the world-disclosing dimension of language, emphasizing its communicative over its cognitive function. Although this study is concerned primarily with the German tradition of linguistic philosophy, it is very much informed by the parallel linguistic turn in Anglo-American philosophy, especially the development of theories of direct reference. Cristina Lafont draws upon Hilary Putnam's work in particular to criticize the linguistic idealism and relativism of the German tradition, which she traces back to the assumption that meaning determines reference. Part I is a reconstruction of the linguistic turn in German philosophy from Hamann to Gadamer. Part II offers the deepest account to date of Habermas's approach to language. Part III shows how the shortcomings of German linguistic philosophy can be avoided by developing a consistent and more defensible version of Habermas' theory of communicative rationality.
The Linguistic Turn of the English Renaissance: A Lacanian Perspective (Routledge Focus on Mental Health)
by Shirley ZisserThe Linguistic Turn of the English Renaissance: A Lacanian Perspective examines a selection of cultural phenomena of the English Renaissance, all of which include a focus on language, from a Lacanian perspective. The book examines four inter-related cultural symptoms of the English Renaissance: the paucity of painting, the interest in rhetoric, the emergence of a literary style focusing on form and a fascination with the myth of Orpheus. The book argues that the English Renaissance, an apex of rhetorical theory, can offer psychoanalysis further knowledge concerning the intrication of language and flesh, especially where feminine jouissance is at stake. These language-centred phenomena emerge against the backdrop of a peculiar configuration of the visual field, which in contrast to other cultures of the European Renaissance is largely barren of painting other than portraiture. The book will be of interest to psychoanalysts, scholars of Renaissance culture and those interested in the psychoanalytic study of culture.
Linguistic Typology: Morphology and Syntax (Longman Linguistics Library)
by Jae Jung SongLanguage typology is the study of the structural similarities between languages regardless of their history, to establish a classification or typology of languages. It is a core topic of historical linguistics and is studied on all traditional linguistics degree courses. In recent years there has been increased interest the subject and it is an area we have been looking to commission a book in.Jae Jung Song proposes to introduce the undergraduate reader to the subject, with discussion of topics which include - what is language typology and why is it studied; word order; language sampling; relative clauses; diachronic typology; and applications of language typology. There will also be discussion of the most prominent areas of research in the subject and readers will be able to review data selected from a wide range of languages to see how languages work and how differently they behave.
Linguistic Variation: Confronting Fact and Theory
by Rena Torres Cacoullos Nathalie Dion AndréLinguistic Variation: Confronting Fact and Theory honors Shana Poplack in bringing together contributions from leading scholars in language variation and change. The book demonstrates how variationist methodology can be applied to the study of linguistic structures and processes. It introduces readers to variation theory, while also providing an overview of current debates on the linguistic, cognitive and sociocultural factors involved in linguistic patterning. With its coverage of a diverse range of language varieties and linguistic problems, this book offers new quantitative analyses of actual language production and processing from both top experts and emerging scholars, and presents students and practitioners with theoretical frameworks to meaningfully engage in accountable research practice.
Linguistic Variation and Social Practices of Normative Masculinity: Authority and Multifunctional Humour in a Dublin Sports Club (Routledge Studies in Sociolinguistics)
by Fergus O'DwyerThis book explores the ways in which linguistic variation and complex social practices interact toward the formation of male interactional identities in a sports club in Dublin, illustrating the affordances of studying sporting contexts in contributing to advancing sociolinguistic theory. Adopting a participant-informed ethnographic approach, the book examines both the social interactional contexts within the club and the sociopragmatic and sociophonetic features which contribute to the different performances of masculinity in and outside the club. The volume focuses particularly on the linguistic analysis of humor and its multifunctional uses as a means of establishing solidarity and social ties but also aggression, competitiveness, and status within the social world of this club as well as similar such clubs across Ireland. The book’s unique approach is intended to complement and build on existing sociolinguistic studies looking at linguistic variation in groups by supporting quantitative data with ethnographically informed insights to look at social meaning in interaction from micro-, meso-, and macro-levels. This book will be of particular interesting to graduate students and scholars in sociolinguistics, language, gender, and sexuality, and language and identity.
Linguistic Worldview: Approaches and Applications (Routledge Studies in Linguistics)
by Adam GłazThis book explores the concept of linguistic worldview, which is underpinned by the underlying idea that languages, in their lexicogrammatical structures and patterns of usage, encode interpretations of reality that symbolize, shape, and construct speakers’ cultural experience. The volume traces the development of the linguistic worldview conception from its origins in ancient Greece to 20th-century linguistic relativity, Western ethnosemantics, parallel movements in eastern Europe, and contemporary inquiry into languacultures. It outlines the important theoretical issues, surveys the major approaches, and identifies areas of both convergence and discrepancy between them. By proposing three sample analyses, the book highlights the relevant questions addressed in different but compatible models, as well as identifies possible avenues of their further development. Finally, it considers several domains of potential interest to the linguistic worldview agenda. Because inquiry into linguistic worldviews concerns the sphere of the symbolic and the cultural, it touches upon the very essence of human lives. This book will be of interest to scholars working in cultural linguistics, ethnolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, comparative semantics, and translation studies.