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Myth and the English Mind: From Piers Plowman To Edward Gibbon

Myth of ‘Free Media’ and Fake News in the Post-Truth Era

Myth of ‘Free Media’ and Fake News in the Post-truth Era reveals the story of ‘fake news’ hysteria and myth of ‘free media’ in the post-truth world order, starting from the question of whether there has really been a ‘truth’ era. The book examines how the news media is battling for relevance in the age of Internet. It shows how the wave of media ‘liberalization’ has weakened the basic premise of Libertarian Media Function Theory, which states that the media is the ‘Fourth Estate’ that protects the citizens from abuse of power by the government. It analyses how excessive commercialization of the media and the commodification of news has changed journalism globally. The book recommends a new paradigm and explains how it can be used to transform news reporting from an adversarial model to a human-centric one.

Myth, Allegory, and Gospel: An Interpretation of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, G.K. Chesterton, Charles Williams

If you are a "fan" of the fantasy books by Tolkien, C.S.Lewis, Charles Williams or Chesterton, then this is a book worth reading. It is a collection of essays by various authorities in literature, myth and theology. A couple of the contributors were acquainted with either Tolkien or Lewis. The central thesis running through this collection of essays is that mythic symbols found in folk-tales and religious rituals, all express a common, fundamental human yearning for healing and a return to a "lost paradise". The essayists draw on insights from religious phenomenology, Jungian analysis, Christian theology and literary interpretation to tease out the potent mythic symbols found in the writings of Tolkien, Lewis, Chesterton and Williams. Lewis, Williams and Tolkien were associated with one another as drinking partners in an informal literary club known as The Inklings. The essayists "test" their thesis about the power of myth to reveal our search for meaning through the novels of the Inklings. The essayists take us a step further to consider the Christian world-view that informed and shaped the writings of Tolkien, Lewis, Williams and Chesterton. Although a couple of the essays are slightly "dated", anyone interested in fantasy literature would find the thesis very absorbing. It should be useful not merely to students of English literature but also to the general reader who might like to know more about the backdrop to The Lord of the Rings, Narnia, etc. Certainly a book to add to your list for reading if you enjoyed the novels!

Myth, Ritual, and the Warrior in Roman and Indo-European Antiquity

This book examines the figure of the returning warrior as depicted in the myths of several ancient and medieval Indo-European cultures. In these cultures, the returning warrior was often portrayed as a figure rendered dysfunctionally destructive or isolationist by the horrors of combat. This mythic portrayal of the returned warrior is consistent with modern studies of similar behavior among soldiers returning from war. Roger Woodard's research identifies a common origin of these myths in the ancestral proto-Indo-European culture, in which rites were enacted to enable warriors to reintegrate themselves as functional members of society. He also compares the Italic, Indo-Iranian, and Celtic mythic traditions surrounding the warrior, paying particular attention to Roman myth and ritual, notably to the etiologies and rites of the July festivals of the Poplifugia and Nonae Caprotinae, and to the October rites of the Sororium Tigillum.

Myth, Symbol, and Meaning in Mary Poppins: The Governess As Provocateur (Children's Literature and Culture #41)

The Mary Poppins that many people know of today--a stern, but sweet, loveable, and reassuring British nanny--is a far cry from the character created by Pamela Lyndon Travers in the 1930's. Instead, this is the Mary Poppins reinvented by Disney in the eponymous movie. This book sheds light on the original Mary Poppins, Myth, Symbol, and Meaning in Mary Poppins is the only full-length study that covers all the Mary Poppins books, exposing just how subversive the pre-Disney Mary Poppins character truly was. Drawing important parallels between the character and the life of her creator, who worked as a governess herself, Grilli reveals the ways in which Mary Poppins came to unsettle the rigid and rigorous rules of Victorian and Edwardian society that most governesses embodied, taught, and passed on to their charges.

Myth, literature, and the creation of the topography of Thebes

How does a city's legendary past affect its present? Thebes remains a city with one of the richest traditions of myth in all of Greece it was the home of Cadmus, Oedipus, and Hercules, and the traditional birthplace of Dionysus. The city's topography, both natural and built, very often plays a significant role in its myths. By focusing on Greek literature ranging from the oral epics to the travel writing of the Roman Empire, this book explores the relationship between the city's spaces as they were represented in the Greek literary tradition and the physical realities of a developing city that had been continuously inhabited since at least the second millennium BC. Spurred on especially by the city's catastrophic sack by Alexander the Great in 335 BC, the urban topography of Thebes came more and more to reflect the literary, even fictional, constructions of its mythic past. "

Myth: Its Meaning and Functions in Ancient and Other Cultures (Sather Classical Lectures #40)

This book attempts to come to grips with a set of widely ranging but connected problems concerning myths: their relation to folktales on the one hand, to rituals on the other; the validity and scope of the structuralist theory of myth; the range of possible mythical functions; the effects of developed social institutions and literacy; the character and meaning of ancient Near-Eastern myths and their influence on Greece; the special forms taken by Greek myths and their involvement with rational modes of thought; the status of myths as expressions of the unconscious, as allied with dreams, as universal symbols, or as accidents of primarily narrative aims. Almost none of these problems has been convincingly handled, even in a provisional way, up to the present, and this failure has vitiated not only such few general discussions as exist of the nature, meanings and functions of myths but also, in many cases, the detailed assessment of individual myths of different cultures. The need for a coherent treatment of these and related problems, and one that is not concerned simply to propagate a particular universalistic theory, seems undeniable. How far the present book will satisfactorily fill such a need remains to be seen. At least it makes a beginning, even if in doing so it risks the criticism of being neither fish nor fowl. Sociologists and folklorists may find it, from their specialized viewpoints, a little simplistic in places; and a few classical colleagues will not forgive me for straying far beyond Greek myths, even though these can hardly be understood in isolation or solely in the light of studies in cult and ritual. Others may find it less easy than anthropologists, sociologists, historians of thought or students of French and English literature to accept the relevance of Levi-Strauss to some of these matters; but his theory contains the one important new idea in this field since Freud, it is complicated and largely untested, and it demands careful attention from anyone attempting a broad understanding of the subject. The beliefs of Freud and Jung, on the other hand, are a more familiar element in the situation and have given rise to an enormous secondary literature, much of it arbitrary and some of it absurd. The author has tried to isolate the crucial ideas and subject them to a pointed, if too brief, critique; so too with those of Ernst Cassirer.

Mythen multimedial: Modernste Antike in der Gegenwartskultur (Abhandlungen zur Medien- und Kulturwissenschaft)

Etwa seit der Jahrtausendwende ist ein internationaler und nach wie vor anhaltender Boom von Adaptionen der griechisch-römischen Mythologie und Historie zu verzeichnen. Dieser ist durch eine bemerkenswerte mediale Vielfalt und Vernetzungsfreude gekennzeichnet. Folglich erstreckt sich die „modernste Antike“ unserer Zeit nicht nur auf hochliterarische Texte oder Neuinszenierungen antiker Dramen auf dem Theater, sondern entfaltet auch in gegenwärtigen Massenmedien vom Historienroman, dem Comic bis hin zum Hypermedium Themenpark und zum Alltagsmedium Internet seinen Wandlungsreichtum. Mithin scheint die Zeit der postmodernen Renaissance der Antike angebrochen zu sein. Die vielschichtigen Phänomene, die sich der altertumswissenschaftlichen Antikenrezeptionsforschung als Gegenstände bieten, sind mit dem Philosophen Hans Blumenberg (1920–1996) zu verstehen als Erscheinungsformen einer modernen Arbeit am Mythos. Als solche eröffnen sie Anschlussmöglichkeiten für neue Geschichten und Verfahrensmöglichkeiten zur ästhetischen und ethischen Auseinandersetzung mit den eigenen Grundfragen menschlichen Daseins im Spannungsfeld von Veralltäglichung und Entalltäglichung. Diese Forschungsaufgabe ist bislang in zahlreichen, teilweise weit verstreuten Einzeluntersuchungen angegangen worden. Oft handelt es sich um Fallstudien oder Ansätze zur Bündelung des reichen Materials. Dies hat zu einer erheblichen fachlichen und methodischen Heterogenität der Zugänge geführt. Dabei werden die sprach-, kulturraumspezifischen und medialen Unterschiede und Zusammenhänge in den Adaptionsstrategien allerdings oft nicht hinreichend reflektiert. Diese Lücke will dieser Band mit seiner synthetisierenden Anlage schließen. Er setzt sich zum Ziel, im Dialog der Fächer die als aussichtsreich erkannten Forschungsfelder vorzustellen. Innerhalb dieser Themenbereiche werden Untersuchungsdesigns für eine betont interdisziplinäre und intermediale Methodik erprobt. Diese streben eine systematische Zwischenbilanz der bisherigen Forschungserträge an und haben das Ziel, die bisherigen Ansätze synergetisch zu verweben. Der Band schafft eine Grundlage, um im Zusammenwirken der Disziplinen die Präsenz und die Bedeutung von Mythos und Historie der griechisch-römischen Antike in den europäischen Sprach- und Kulturräumen der Gegenwart punktgenau untersuchen und einordnen zu können.

Mythic Voices: Reflections in Mythology

Myths have been remembered and retold because they express things that are important to people. This book is a selective compilation of such myths from various parts of the world.

Mythic Worlds, Modern Worlds: On the Art of James Joyce

Mythic Worlds, Modern Words provides a representation of Campbell’s published writing, lectures on Joyce, and exchanges with his audiences, from his obituary notice on Joyce in 1941 to lectures delivered a few years before Campbell’s death.

Mythmaking: Self-Discovery and the Timeless Art of Memoir

Best-selling Heroine&’s Journey author Maureen Murdock invites readers to explore their personal story within the rich tapestry of human experience by examining the craft of memoir alongside fresh writing advice and prompts.Maureen Murdock looks at thematic connections between ancient myths and contemporary memoirs to probe questions like: What is my journey? Where is home? Her background as a Jungian psychotherapist enriches her teaching—urging us to dig deep to identify our own universal archetypes.Writers who feel stuck or unworthy of writing about themselves will find thought-provoking inspiration and validation in this book, while those simply looking to use writing as a tool for self-exploration will examine their patterns and stories to reveal their true inner selves. And all will be left with a deeper understanding of the rich scope of the memoir genre by exploring contemporary favorites—like Terry Tempest Williams&’s Refuge, Joan Didion&’s The Year of Magical Thinking, and David Carr&’s The Night of the Gun—from a mythological perspective.Like myth, memoir reveals a unity to human experience that ultimately we all share similar hopes, dreams, and desires as well as fears, losses, and heartbreaks. Memoir helps writers understand the trajectory of their lives and helps readers better grasp our own place within the human experience.

Mythocracy: How Stories Shape Our Worlds

Harnessing the power of storytelling for political progressMythocracy examines the narrative mechanisms that script our lives through the stories we tell one another. Digging beneath common anxieties about fake news, Yves Citton looks at the attention economy, which organises our political perceptions around affective attractors. These are much more powerful than the truth value of any given narrative. The time has come for the left to reclaim the power of myth from reactionary populism.

Mythological Constructs of Mexican Femininity

La Virgen de Guadalupe, la Malinche, la Llorona, and la Chingada reflect different myths of motherhood in Mexican culture. Mythological Constructs of Mexican Femininity explores the texts of Nellie Campobello, Juana Belen Gutierrez de Mendoza, Sara Estela Ramirez, and Andrea Villarreal Gonzalez to examine their use of motherhood as a political discursive position. Grounded on a postcolonial theoretical framework, and on the writings about womanhood and motherhood by Gabriela Mistral, Antonieta Rivas Mercado, Victoria Ocampo, and Rosario Castellanos, this book seeks to create a basis for the examination of non-canonical texts by Mexican women, but will also be useful in the examination of other marginal voices about femininity in Latin America and in Chicanx/Latinx studie. It also recognizes the value of analyzing writing through the ideas of Latin American female intellectuals who have theorized motherhood and womanhood and who know and understand the mythological constructs of (Latin American) feminisms. "

Mythologie für Dummies (Für Dummies)

Alles von Aphrodite bis Zarathustra Mythologie ist spannender als jeder Krimi, grausamer als jeder Horrorfilm und leidenschaftlicher als jeder Liebesroman. Aber wie hieß noch gleich der Meeresgott der Griechen? Was geschah bei der Götterdämmerung? Und wer gehörte zu König Artus‘ Tafelrunde? Antworten auf diese und viele weitere Fragen finden Sie in diesem Buch, das zum Schmökern einlädt und wunderbar als Nachschlagewerk dient. Neben der griechischen und römischen Mythologie erfahren Sie alles Wissenswerte zu den nordischen Sagen wie den Nibelungen und Beowulf, zu Mythen aus Ägypten und Asien sowie zu den Erzählungen der Inka, Maya und Azteken.

Mythologie für Dummies (Für Dummies)

Mythologie ist spannender als jeder Krimi, grausamer als jeder Horrorfilm und leidenschaftlicher als jeder Liebesroman! Wie hieß er doch noch gleich, der Meeresgott bei den Griechen? Was waren bloß die zehn Aufgaben des Herkules? Antworten auf solch typische Fragen nach dem Motto "Wie war das nochmal?" finden Sie in diesem wunderbaren Nachschlagewerk, das zum Schmökern einlädt. Der Schwerpunkt des Buches liegt auf der griechischen und römischen Mythologie, aber auch nordeuropäische Gestalten wie König Artus und Beowulf, weniger bekannte Sagen aus Ägypten und Asien und die Mythen lateinamerikanischer Völker wie den Maya, Azteken und Inkas kommen nicht zu kurz.

Mythologies

The following essays were written one each month for about two years, from 1954 to 1956, on topics suggested by current events. I was at the time trying to reflect regularly on some myths of French daily life. The media which prompted these reflections may well appear heterogeneous (a newspaper article, a photograph in a weekly, a film, a show, an exhibition), and their subject-matter very arbitrary: I was of course guided by my own current interests. The starting point of these reflections was usually a feeling of impatience at the sight of the 'naturalness' with which newspapers, art and common sense constantly dress up a reality which, even though it is the one we live in, is undoubtedly determined by history. In short, in the account given of our contemporary circumstances, I resented seeing Nature and History confused at every turn, and I wanted to track down, in the decorative display of what-goes-without-saying, the ideological abuse which, in my view, is hidden there.

Mythologies

Mythologies is a masterpiece of analysis and interpretation. At its heart, Barthes’s collection of essays about the “mythologies” of modern life treats everyday objects and ideas – from professional wrestling, to the Tour de France, to Greta Garbo’s face – as though they are silently putting forward arguments. Those arguments are for modernity itself, the way the world is, from its class structures, to its ideologies, to its customs. In Barthes’s view, the mythologies of the modern world all tend towards one aim: making us think that the way things are, the status quo, is how they should naturally be. For Barthes, this should not be taken for granted; instead, he suggests, it is a kind of mystification, preventing us from seeing things differently or believing they might be otherwise. His analyses do what all good analytical thinking does: he unpicks the features of the arguments silently presented by his subjects, reveals their (and our) implicit assumptions, and shows how they point us towards certain ideas and conclusions. Indeed, understanding Barthes’ methods of analysis means you might never see the world in the same way again. Six skills combine to make up our ability to think critically. Mythologies is an especially fine example of a work that uses the skills of analysis and creative thinking.

Mythologies of Internal Exile in Elizabethan Verse: Six Studies (Routledge Studies in Renaissance Literature and Culture)

Writers of the English Renaissance, like their European contemporaries, frequently reflect on the phenomenon of exile—an experience that forces the individual to establish a new personal identity in an alien environment. Although there has been much commentary on this phenomenon as represented in English Renaissance literature, there has been nothing written at length about its counterpart, namely, internal exile: marginalization, or estrangement, within the homeland. This volume considers internal exile as a simultaneously twofold experience. It studies estrangement from one’s society and, correlatively, from one’s normative sense of self. In doing so, it focuses initially on the sonnet sequences by Sidney, Spenser, and Shakespeare (which is to say, the problematics of romance); then it examines the verse satires of Donne, Hall, and Marston (likewise, the problematics of anti-romance). This book argues that the authors of these major texts create mythologies—via the myths of (and accumulated mythographies about) Cupid, satyrs, and Proteus—through which to reflect on the doubleness of exile within one’s own community. These mythologies, at times accompanied by theologies, of alienation suggest that internal exile is a fluid and complex experience demanding multifarious reinterpretation of the incongruously expatriate self. The monograph thus establishes a new framework for understanding texts at once diverse yet central to the Elizabethan literary achievement.

Mythologies of the Prophet Muhammad in Early Modern English Culture

The figure of 'Mahomet' was widely known in early modern England. A grotesque version of the Prophet Muhammad, Mahomet was a product of vilification, caricature and misinformation placed at the centre of Christian conceptions of Islam. In Mythologies of the Prophet Muhammad in Early Modern English Culture Matthew Dimmock draws on an eclectic range of early modern sources – literary, historical, visual – to explore the nature and use of Mahomet in a period bounded by the beginnings of print and the early Enlightenment. This fabricated figure and his spurious biography were endlessly recycled, but also challenged and vindicated, and the tales the English told about him offer new perspectives on their sense of the world – its geographies and religions, near and far – and their place within it. This book explores the role played by Mahomet in the making of Englishness, and reflects on what this might reveal about England's present circumstances.

Mythologizing Performance (Myth and Poetics II)

Building on numerous original close readings of works by Homer, Hesiod, and other ancient Greek poets, Richard P. Martin articulates a broad and precise poetics of archaic Greek verse. The ancient Greek hexameter poetry of such works as the Iliad and the Odyssey differ from most modern verbal art because it was composed for live, face-to-face performance, often in a competitive setting, before an audience well versed in mythological and ritual lore. The essays collected here span Martin's acclaimed career and explore ways of reading this poetic heritage using principles and evidence from the comparative study of oral traditions, literary and speech-act theories, and the ethnographic record.Among topics analyzed in depth are the narrative structures of Homer's epics, the Hesiodic Works and Days, and the Homeric Hymn to Apollo; the characterization of poetic and musical performers within the poems; the social context for verses ascribed to the legendary singer Orpheus; the significance of various rituals as stylized by poetic performances; and the interrelations, at the level of diction and theme, among the major genres of epic and hymn, as well as "genres of speaking" such as lament, praise, advice, and proverbial wisdom.

Mythology For Dummies

Discover (or rediscover!) history’s greatest myths and legends From Grendel and Beowulf to Poseidon, Medusa, and Hercules, the gods, monsters, and heroes of mythology are endlessly weird and fascinating. And if you’re looking for a helpful companion to this wild collection of creatures, humans, and deities, you’ve found it! Mythology For Dummies delivers the straight goods on history’s most popular myths, helping you make sense of even the most complicated ancient stories. You’ll learn about the origins of your favorite myths, their cultural impact, and more. Discover: The coolest mythological characters, including intrepid Odysseus, the volatile gods of Mount Olympus, and Thor and Loki How ancient mythology intersects with our daily lives in pop culture, high culture, and everything in between Mythological destinations, like Atlantis, and famous sites from Greek, Roman, and Norse mythologyAn engrossing guide to some of the most enduring and interesting tales from throughout history, Mythology For Dummies serves up the inside scoop on almost every myth or legend you’d care to learn more about.

Mythopoeic Narrative in The Legend of Zelda (Routledge Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Literature)

The Legend of Zelda series is one of the most popular and recognizable examples in videogames of what Tolkien referred to as mythopoeia, or myth-making. In his essay On Fairy Stories and a short poem entitled Mythopoeia, Tolkien makes the case that the fairy tale aesthetic is simply a more intimate version of the same principle underlying the great myths: the human desire to make meaning out of the world. By using mythopoeia as a touchstone concept, the essays in this volume explore how The Legend of Zelda series turns the avatar, through which the player interacts with the in-game world, into a player-character symbiote wherein the individual both enacts and observes the process of integrating worldbuilding with storytelling. Twelve essays explore Zelda’s mythmaking from the standpoints of literary criticism, videogame theory, musicology, ecocriticism, pedagogy, and more.

Myths and Memories of the Black Death

This book explores modern representations of the Black Death, a medieval pandemic. The concept of cultural memory is used to examine the ways in which journalists, writers of fiction, scholars and others referred to, described and explained the Black Death from around 1800 onwards. The distant medieval past was often used to make sense of aspects of the present, from the cholera pandemics of the nineteenth-century to the climate crisis of the early twenty-first century. A series of overlapping myths related to the Black Death emerged based only in part on historical evidence. Cultural memory circulates in a variety of media from the scholarly article to the video game and online video clip, and the connections and differences between mediated representations of the Black Death are considered. The Black Death is one of the most well-known aspects of the medieval world, and this study of its associated memories and myths reveals the depth and complexity of interactions between the distant and recent past.

Myths and Symbols in Indian Art and Civilization (Princeton Classics #111)

A landmark work that demystifies the rich tradition of Indian art, Myths and Symbols in Indian Art and Civilization analyzes key motifs found in legend, myth, and folklore taken directly from the Sanskrit. It provides a comprehensive introduction to visual thinking and picture reading in Indian art and thought. Ultimately, the book shows that profound Hindu and Buddhist intuitions on the riddles of life and death are universally recognizable.

Myths in Education, Learning and Teaching

A myth empowers by providing a foundation story of a society, culture or civilization, bringing coherence and meaning to identity and underpinning custom. But 'myth' also carries darker meaning, suggesting ideas or practices that are fallacious or accepted uncritically. This book engages with these possible understandings of myths and uses them to interrogate educational practice and theory in three main areas: online teaching; language teaching; and specific tertiary or university based issues. The focus is on exploring and defining myths across a wide range of contexts and educational sectors. It brings together a broad range of senior researchers and middle-career and early-career scholars from the United Kingdom, North America, Europe, the Middle East and Australasia.