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Planned Violence: Post/Colonial Urban Infrastructure, Literature and Culture
by Elleke Boehmer Dominic DaviesThis book brings the insights of social geographers and cultural historians into a critical dialogue with literary narratives of urban culture and theories of literary cultural production. In so doing, it explores new ways of conceptualizing the relationship between urban planning, its often violent effects, and literature. Comparing the spatial pasts and presents of the post-imperial and post/colonial cities of London, Delhi and Johannesburg, but also including case studies of other cities, such as Chicago, Belfast, Jerusalem and Mumbai, Planned Violence investigates how that iconic site of modernity, the colonial city, was imagined by its planners — and how this urban imagination, and the cultural and social interventions that arose in response to it, made violence a part of the everyday social life of its subjects. Throughout, however, the collection also explores the extent to which literary and cultural productions might actively resist infrastructures of planned violence, and imagine alternative ways of inhabiting post/colonial city spaces.
Planning and Designing the IP Broadcast Facility: A New Puzzle to Solve
by Gary OlsonThe transition to computer-based technologies and file-based workflows is one of the most significant changes the broadcast and production industry has seen. Media is produced for multiple delivery platforms: Over the Air, Over the Top, large screen displays, cable, satellite, web, digital signage, tablets, and smartphones. These changes impact all aspects of creation, production, media management, technical operations, business processes, and distribution to end users. Of all the books and papers discussing storage mapping, packet transport, and compression algorithms, none puts all the pieces together and explains where these fit into the whole environment. Planning and Designing the IP Broadcast Facility is the first to provide a comprehensive understanding of the technology architecture, physical facility changes, and—most importantly—the new media management workflows and business processes to support the entire lifecycle of the IP broadcast facility from an engineering and workflow perspective. Key features: This beginning-to-end perspective gives you the necessary knowledge to make the decisions to implement a cost-effective file-based production and distribution system. The cohesive, big-picture viewpoint helps you identify the differences in a tape-based facility, then how to overcome the unique challenges of upgrading your plant. Case studies throughout the book serve as recommendations and examples of use, helping you weigh the pros and cons of various approaches.
Planning and Designing the IP Broadcast Facility: A New Puzzle to Solve
by Gary OlsonThis book provides a comprehensive understanding of the technology architecture, physical facility changes and – most importantly – the new media management workflows and business processes to support the entire lifecycle of the IP broadcast facility from an engineering and workflow perspective. Fully updated, this second edition covers the technological evolutions and changes in the media broadcast industry, including the new standards and specifications for live IP production, the SMPTE ST2110 suite of standards, the necessity of protecting against cyber threats and the expansion of cloud services in opening new possibilities. It provides users with the necessary information for planning, organizing, producing and distributing media for the modern broadcast facility. Key features of this text include: Strategies to implement a cost-effective live and file-based production and distribution system. A cohesive, big-picture viewpoint that helps you identify how to overcome the challenges of upgrading your plant. The impact live production is having on the evolution to IP. Case studies serve as recommendations and examples of use. New considerations in engineering and maintenance of IP and file-based systems. Those in the fields of TV, cable, IT engineering and broadcast engineering will find this book an invaluable resource, as will students learning how to set up modern broadcast facilities and the workflows of contemporary broadcasting.
Planning Lessons and Courses
by Tessa Woodward Penny UrThis book deals with the kinds of everyday questions working teachers face as they plan lessons and courses. Each chapter contains an analysis of the issue under discussion, as well as practical principles and sample activities.
Planning Powerful Instruction, Grades 6-12: 7 Must-Make Moves to Transform How We Teach--and How Students Learn (Corwin Literacy)
by Jeffrey D. Wilhelm Rachel E. Bear Adam FachlerAre you ready to plan your best lessons ever? With so many demands and so much content available for teachers, we need to put a higher value on an often-overlooked skill: planning learning experiences that will both engage and inspire our students, by design, over time. Planning Powerful Instruction is your go-to guide for transforming student outcomes through stellar instructional planning. Its seven-step framework—the EMPOWER model—gives you techniques proven to help students develop true insight and understanding. You’ll have at your fingertips: the real reasons why students engage—and what you must do to ensure they do a framework to help you create, plan, and teach the most effective units and lessons in any subject area more than 50 actionable strategies to incorporate right away suggestions for tailoring units for a wide range of learners downloadable, ready-to-go tools for planning and teaching Whether you are a classroom teacher, an instructional leader, or a pre-service teacher, Planning Powerful Instruction will forever change the way you think about how you teach and the unique value you bring to your learners.
Planning Powerful Instruction, Grades 6-12: 7 Must-Make Moves to Transform How We Teach--and How Students Learn (Corwin Literacy)
by Jeffrey D. Wilhelm Rachel E. Bear Adam FachlerAre you ready to plan your best lessons ever? With so many demands and so much content available for teachers, we need to put a higher value on an often-overlooked skill: planning learning experiences that will both engage and inspire our students, by design, over time. Planning Powerful Instruction is your go-to guide for transforming student outcomes through stellar instructional planning. Its seven-step framework—the EMPOWER model—gives you techniques proven to help students develop true insight and understanding. You’ll have at your fingertips: the real reasons why students engage—and what you must do to ensure they do a framework to help you create, plan, and teach the most effective units and lessons in any subject area more than 50 actionable strategies to incorporate right away suggestions for tailoring units for a wide range of learners downloadable, ready-to-go tools for planning and teaching Whether you are a classroom teacher, an instructional leader, or a pre-service teacher, Planning Powerful Instruction will forever change the way you think about how you teach and the unique value you bring to your learners.
Planning Primary English: How to Design and Teach Brilliant Lessons
by Kirstie HewettEffective lesson planning is a crucial skill for all primary school teachers and is key to fostering engaging and focused learning. So how can new teachers ensure that their plans are motivating and impactful so that their students can make good progress? This book serves as a comprehensive roadmap for planning dynamic and effective English lessons and clearly explains key principles and concepts that underpin effective teaching in all aspects of the primary English curriculum. Covering a wide range of topics, this book discusses how to plan compelling lessons on teaching phonics, comprehension, grammar, spoken language and more, as well as adaptive teaching for an inclusive classroom. It identifies the key decisions new teachers, who are planning their own lessons for the first time, must consider to execute well-structured lessons and suggests how these can be tailored to meet the needs of all learners. Whether you′re on a university-based path (PGCE, BEd, BA with QTS) or exploring school-based routes (School Direct, SCITT, Teach First), or an Early Career Teacher, this book is essential reading to transforming lesson planning from a challenge into a creative and effective teaching tool. Kirstie Hewett is a senior lecturer in primary English at the University of Chichester.
Planning Primary English: How to Design and Teach Brilliant Lessons
by Kirstie HewettEffective lesson planning is a crucial skill for all primary school teachers and is key to fostering engaging and focused learning. So how can new teachers ensure that their plans are motivating and impactful so that their students can make good progress? This book serves as a comprehensive roadmap for planning dynamic and effective English lessons and clearly explains key principles and concepts that underpin effective teaching in all aspects of the primary English curriculum. Covering a wide range of topics, this book discusses how to plan compelling lessons on teaching phonics, comprehension, grammar, spoken language and more, as well as adaptive teaching for an inclusive classroom. It identifies the key decisions new teachers, who are planning their own lessons for the first time, must consider to execute well-structured lessons and suggests how these can be tailored to meet the needs of all learners. Whether you′re on a university-based path (PGCE, BEd, BA with QTS) or exploring school-based routes (School Direct, SCITT, Teach First), or an Early Career Teacher, this book is essential reading to transforming lesson planning from a challenge into a creative and effective teaching tool. Kirstie Hewett is a senior lecturer in primary English at the University of Chichester.
Planning Strategic Interaction: Attaining Goals Through Communicative Action (Routledge Communication Ser.)
by Charles R. BergerIn an earlier era, the communication field was dominated by the study of mediated and unmediated message effects during which considerable research focused on the attitudinal and action consequences of exposure to messages. A more catholic purview of the communication process exists today. This more encompassing perspective does not deny the importance of studying message effects, but raises the additional question of how individuals generate messages in the first place. While the earlier era of communication research was dominated by studies that focused on attitude and behavior change as primary dependent variables, such variables as message comprehension have begun to emerge in this new era. The focus on communication and cognition has led, paradoxically, to a more intense focus on social interaction processes. The theory and research presented in this volume seeks to strike a balance between the internal workings of the individual cognitive system on the one hand and the outer world of social interaction on the other. Whether or not the theory and research stands the test of time, it is clear that complete cognitive accounts of social interaction cannot confine themselves to mere descriptions of the cognitive structures and processes that are responsible for message production and comprehension. Explicit links must be made between these cognitive structures and processes and the workings of social interaction. This work takes a modest step in that direction.
Plant Dreaming Deep
by May SartonMay Sarton describes living at her eighteenth-century house in Nelson, New Hampshire--how she acquired it, how it and the garden became part of her.
Plant Horror
by Dawn Keetley Angela TengaThis collection explores artistic representations of vegetallife that imperil human life, voicing anxieties about our relationship to otherlife forms with which we share the earth. From medieval manuscriptillustrations to modern works of science fiction and horror, plants thatmanifest monstrous agency defy human control, challenge anthropocentricperception, and exact a violent vengeance for our blind and exploitativepractices. Plant Horror explores howdepictions of monster plants reveal concerns about the viability of ourprevailing belief systems and dominant ideologies-- as well as a deep-seatedfear about human vulnerability in an era of deepening ecological crisis. Filmsdiscussed include The Day of the Triffids, Invasion of the Body Snatchers, TheWicker Man, Swamp Thing, and The Happening.
Plant Theory in Amazonian Literature (New Directions in Latino American Cultures)
by Juan R. Duchesne WinterThis book discusses new developments of plant studies and plant theory in the humanities and compares them to the exceptionally robust knowledge about plant life in indigenous traditions practiced to this day in the Amazonian region. Amazonian thinking, in dialogue with the thought of Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, Emanuele Coccia and others, can serve to bring plant theory in the humanities beyond its current focus on how the organic existence of plants is projected into culture. Contemporary Amazonian indigenous literature takes us beyond conventional theory and into the unsuspected reaches of vegetal networks. It shows that what matters about plants are not just their strictly biological and ecological projections, but the manner in which they interact with multiple species and cultural actors in continuously shifting bodies and points of view, by becoming-other, and fashioning a natural and social diplomacy in which humans participate along with non-humans.
Plantation Airs: Racial Paternalism and the Transformations of Class in Southern Fiction, 1945--1971 (Southern Literary Studies)
by Brannon CostelloIn Plantation Airs, Brannon Costello argues persuasively for new attention to the often neglected issue of class in southern literary studies. Focusing on the relationship between racial paternalism and social class in American novels written after World War II, Costello asserts that well into the twentieth century, attitudes and behaviors associated with an idealized version of agrarian antebellum aristocracy -- especially, those of racial paternalism -- were believed to be essential for white southerners. The wealthy employed them to validate their identities as "aristocrats," while less-affluent whites used them to separate themselves from "white trash" in the social hierarchy. Even those who were not legitimate heirs of plantation-owning families found that "putting on airs" associated with the legacy of the plantation could align them with the forces of power and privilege and offer them a measure of authority in the public arena that they might otherwise lack.Fiction by Zora Neale Hurston, Eudora Welty, William Faulkner, Ernest Gaines, Walker Percy, and others reveals, however, that the racial paternalism central to class formation and mobility in the South was unraveling in the years after World War II, when the civil rights movement and the South's increasing industrialization dramatically altered southern life. Costello demonstrates that these writers were keenly aware of the ways in which the changes sweeping the South complicated the deeply embedded structures that governed the relationship between race and class. He further contends that the collapse of racial paternalism as a means of organizing class lies at the heart of their most important works -- including Hurston's Seraph on the Suwanee and her essay "The 'Pet Negro' System," Welty's Delta Wedding and The Ponder Heart, Faulkner's The Mansion and The Reivers, Gaines's Of Love and Dust and his story "Bloodline," and Percy's The Last Gentleman and Love in the Ruins.By examining ways in which these works depict and critique the fall of the plantation ideal and its aftermath, Plantation Airs indicates the richness and complexity of the literary responses to this intersection of race and class. Understanding how many of the modern South's best writers imagined and engaged the various facets of racial paternalism in their fiction, Costello confirms, helps readers construct a more comprehensive picture of the complications and contradictions of class in the South.
Plantéate esto: Momentos de mi vida como escritor que lo cambiaron todo
by Chuck PalahniukEl libro más personal del célebre autor de El club de la lucha: una guía indispensable y original para aspirantes a escritores. Tras más de dos décadas dedicado a la escritura, el aclamado autor de El club de la lucha ha decidido compartir su sabiduría y sus años de experiencia en el arte de contar historias. Palahniuk revela los conocimientos que él mismo ha ido acumulando con los años, gracias a su gran capacidad de observación, a los talleres literarios en los que se formó, y a los escritores y maestros que, como Tom Spanbauer, influyeron en su obra. Palahniuk nos regala una sólida guía práctica para construir y desarrollar una novela (con propuestas únicas que no aparecen en los manuales de escritura), y nos habla de los tipos de personajes que conforman una trama, de la escritura como terapia o de cómo implicar al lector para que empatice con la narración. Las ideas que plantea incluyen desde consejos prácticos y ejemplos de obras clásicas y de sus propios libros, hasta un sinfín de anécdotas y recuerdos de su vida como escritor y de sus años de tours literarios por el mundo. Esta obra, destinada a convertirse en un referente de los libros sobre la escritura, es una lúcida, sensible y experta carta de amor al oficio de escritor. La crítica ha dicho:«Con reminiscencias a Mientras escribo de Stephen King, que es tan entretenido como didáctico, [Plantéate esto] es un recurso indispensable para escritoresPublishers Weekly «Palahniuk revela una humildad sorprendente con ideas frescas y accesibles. Sus fans apreciarán el análisis de su propio trabajo —especialmente con El club de la lucha (1996)—, sus homenajes a amigos y antecesores, y cómo imparte sabiduría de una forma amable y alentadora en su particular tono coloquial».Booklist «Un maestro cargado de sabiduría. [Palahniuk] ofrece consejos muy detallados y sumamente prácticos».Kirkus Reviews «Un libro esclarecedor».Dallas Morning News «Consejos prácticos y veraces para aspirantes a escritores».USA Today «Una de las imaginaciones más febriles de las letras estadounidenses».The Washington Post «Palahniuk no escribe para turistas. Escribe para devotos incondicionales que se sienten atraídos por la imaginación salvaje y furiosa que desprende, y por ese sobresaliente humor con el que rompe tabúes».Janet Maslin, The New York Times
Planting Seeds of Knowledge: Agriculture and Education in Rural Societies in the Twentieth Century (Environment in History: International Perspectives #24)
by Heinrich Hartmann Julia TischlerIn the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, agricultural practices and rural livelihoods were challenged by changes such as commercialization, intensified global trade, and rapid urbanization. Planting Seeds of Knowledge studies the relationship between these agricultural changes and knowledge-making through a transnational lens. Spanning exchanges between different parts of Europe, North and South America, the Indian subcontinent, and Africa, the wide-reaching contributions to this volume reform current historiography to show how local experiences redefined global practice.
Planting the Anthropocene: Rhetorics of Natureculture
by Jennifer Clary-LemonPlanting the Anthropocene is a rhetorical look into the world of industrial tree planting in Canada that engages the themes of nature, culture, and environmental change. Bringing together the work of material ecocriticism and critical affect studies in service of a new materialist environmental rhetoric, Planting the Anthropocene forwards a frame that can be used to work through complex scenes of anthropogenic labor. Using the results of interviews with seasonal Canadian tree planters, Jennifer Clary-Lemon interrogates the complex and messy imbrication of nature-culture through the inadequate terminology used to describe the actual circumstances of the planters’ work and lives—and offers alternative ways to conceptualize them. Although silvicultural workers do engage with the limiting rhetoric of efficiency and humanism, they also make rhetorical choices that break down the nature-culture divide and orient them on a continuum that blurs the boundaries between the given and the constructed, the human and nonhuman. Tree-planting work is approached as a site of a deep-seated materiality—a continued re-creation of the land’s “disturbance”—rather than a simplistic form of doing good that further separates humans from landscapes. Jennifer Clary-Lemon’s view of nature and the Anthropocene through the lens of material rhetorical studies is thoroughly original and will be of great interest to students and scholars of rhetoric and composition, especially those focused on the environment.
Plants in Children’s and Young Adult Literature (Perspectives on the Non-Human in Literature and Culture)
by Melanie DuckworthFrom the forests of the tales of the Brothers Grimm to Enid Blyton’s The Faraway Tree, from the flowers of Cicely May Barker’s fairies to the treehouse in Andy Griffith and Terry Denton’s popular 13-Storey Treehouse series, trees and other plants have been enduring features of stories for children and young adults. Plants act as gateways to other worlds, as liminal spaces, as markers of permanence and change, and as metonyms of childhood and adolescence. This anthology is the first compilation devoted entirely to analysis of the representation of plants in children’s and young adult literatures, reflecting the recent surge of interest in cultural plant studies within the environmental humanities. Mapping out and presenting an internationally inclusive view of plant representation in texts for children and young adults, the volume includes contributions examining European, American, Australian, and Asian literatures and contributes to the research fields of ecocriticism, critical plant studies, and the study of children’s and young adult literatures.
Plants in Contemporary Poetry: Ecocriticism and the Botanical Imagination (Perspectives on the Non-Human in Literature and Culture)
by John RyanPositioned within current ecocritical scholarship, this volume is the first book-length study of the representations of plants in contemporary American, English, and Australian poetry. Through readings of botanically-minded writers including Les Murray, Louise Glück, and Alice Oswald, it addresses the relationship between language and the subjectivity, agency, sentience, consciousness, and intelligence of vegetal life. Scientific, philosophical, and literary frameworks enable the author to develop an interdisciplinary approach to examining the role of plants in poetry. Drawing from recent plant science and contributing to the exciting new field of critical plant studies, the author develops a methodology he calls "botanical criticism" that aims to redress the lack of emphasis on plant life in studies of poetry. As a subset of ecocriticism, botanical criticism investigates how poets engage with plants literally and figuratively, materially and symbolically, in their works. Key themes covered in this volume include plants as invasives and weeds in human settings; as sources of physical and spiritual nourishment; as signifiers of region, home, and identity; as objects of aesthetics and objectivism; and, crucially, as beings with their own perspectives, voices, and modes of dialogue. Ryan demonstrates that poetic imagination is as essential as scientific rationality to elucidating and appreciating the mysteries of plant-being. This book will appeal to a multidisciplinary readership in the fields of ecocriticism, ecopoetry, environmental humanities, and ecocultural studies, and will be of interest to researchers in the emerging area of critical plant studies.
Plants in Place: A Phenomenology of the Vegetal (Critical Life Studies)
by Edward S. Casey Michael MarderPlants are commonly considered immobile, in contrast to humans and other animals. But vegetal existence involves many place-based forms of change: stems growing upward, roots spreading outward, fronds unfurling in response to sunlight, seeds traveling across wide distances, and other intricate relationships with the surrounding world. How do plants as sessile, growing, decaying, and metamorphosing beings shape the places they inhabit, and how are they shaped by them? How do human places interact with those of plants—in lived experience; in landscape painting; in cultivation and contemplation; in forests, fields, gardens, and cities?Examining these questions and many more, Plants in Place is a collaborative study of vegetal phenomenology at the intersection of Edward S. Casey’s phenomenology of place and Michael Marder’s plant-thinking. It focuses on both the microlevel of the dynamic constitution of plant edges or a child’s engagement with moss and the macrolevel of habitats that include the sociality of trees. This compelling portrait of plants and their places provides readers with new ways to appreciate the complexity and vitality of vegetal life. Eloquent, descriptively rich, and insightful, the book also shows how the worlds of plants can enhance our understanding and experience of place more broadly.
Plastic Pasts: Sited Memory in Paris, Algiers and Marseille
by Christopher LefflerThis book uses plasticity as a metaphor for understanding how the past endures and evolves within the landscape, and the ways in which remembering shapes the sites we occupy and use. The plastic site is characterised both by its resilience, its form never entirely altered from an earlier mould, and by its malleability, which ensures that whatever persists is inevitably transformed. Embodied in its present configuration are the many moments that have produced it over time, and these are continually supplemented and modified. Surveying examples from Paris, Algiers and Marseille, and media as diverse as literature, film, photography, blogs and video games, Plastic Pasts interrogates how different communities and cultural producers have grappled with the present past in space as an enduring and dynamic memory. It argues that understanding sited memory as plastic entails recognising a multiplicity of immutable pasts that exist in a permanent state of ongoing evolution.
The Plastic Turn
by Ranjan GhoshThe Plastic Turn offers a novel way of looking at plastic as the defining material of our age and at the plasticity of plastic as an innovative means of understanding the arts and literature. Ranjan Ghosh terms this approach the material-aesthetic and, through this concept, traces the emergence and development of plastic polymers along the same historical trajectory as literary modernism. Plastic's growth as a product in the culture industry, its formation through multiple application and chemical syntheses, and its circulation via oceanic movements, Ghosh argues, correspond with, and offers novel insights into, developments in modernist literature and critical theory.Through innovative readings of canonical modernist texts, analyses of art works, and accounts of plastic's devastating environmental impact, The Plastic Turn proposes plastic's unique properties and destructive ubiquity as a "theory machine" to explain literature and life in the Anthropocene. Introducing several new concepts (like plastic literature, plastic literary, etc.) into critical-humanist discourse, Ghosh enmeshes literature and theory, materiality and philosophy, history and ecology, to explore why plastic as a substance and as an idea intrigues, disturbs, and haunts us.
The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch: The Text of the Tun-Huang Manuscript (Translations from the Asian Classics #No. 76)
by Philip B. YampolskyDating back to the eighth century C.E., the Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch is a foundational text of Chan/Zen Buddhism that reveals much about the early evolution of Chinese Chan and the ideological origins of Japanese Zen and Korean Son. Purported to be the recorded words of the famed Huineng, who was understood to be the Sixth Patriarch of Chan and the father of all later Chan/Zen Buddhism, the Platform Sutra illuminates fundamental Chan Buddhist principles in an expressive sermon that describes how Huineng overcame great personal and ideological challenges to uphold the exalted lineage of the enlightened Chan patriarchs while realizing the ultimate Buddhist truth of the original, pure nature of all sentient beings.Huineng seems to reject meditation, the value of good karma, and the worship of the buddhas, conferring instead a set of "formless precepts" on his audience, marked by embedded notes in the text. In his central message, an inherent, perfect buddha nature stands as the original true condition of all sentient beings, which people of all backgrounds can experience for themselves. Philip Yampolsky's masterful translation contains extensive explanatory notes and an edited, amended version of the Chinese text. His introduction critically considers the background and historical setting of the work and locates Huineng's place within the history and legends of Chan Buddhism. This new edition features a foreword by Morten Schlütter further situating the Platform Sutra within recent historical research and textual evidence, and an updated glossary that includes the modern pinyin system of transcription.
Platforms, Power, and Politics: An Introduction to Political Communication in the Digital Age
by Ulrike Klinger Daniel Kreiss Bruce MutsvairoPolitical communication has fundamentally transformed as digital technologies have become increasingly important in everyday life. Technology platforms have become powerful political instruments for world leaders, campaigns, social movements, journalists, and non-governmental organizations. Moreover, they are essential to how people communicate about politics, encounter and share political information, and take action to pursue their political goals. This is the first textbook to center digital platforms in understanding political communication. With global examples beyond the context of Western democracies, the text reveals how digital technologies such as social media and search engines are increasingly shaping political communication in countries around the world. It shows how the core processes of political communication are being reshaped by platforms, from how elections are contested to how issues make it onto policymaking agendas. Topics covered include public opinion, journalism, strategic communication, political parties, social movements, governance, disinformation, propaganda, populism, race, ethnicity, and democratic backsliding. Full of lively examples and pedagogical features, Platforms, Power, and Politics offers an exciting and innovative new approach to political communication. It is essential reading for students of political communication and an important resource for scholars, journalists, and policymakers.
Plato (SparkNotes Philosophy Guide)
by SparkNotesPlato (SparkNotes Philosophy Guide) Making the reading experience fun! SparkNotes Philosophy Guides are one-stop guides to the great works of philosophy–masterpieces that stand at the foundations of Western thought. Inside each Philosophy Guide you&’ll find insightful overviews of great philosophical works of the Western world.
Plato and the Divided Self
by Tad Brennan Charles Brittain Rachel BarneyPlato's account of the tripartite soul is a memorable feature of dialogues like the Republic, Phaedrus and Timaeus: it is one of his most famous and influential yet least understood theories. It presents human nature as both essentially multiple and diverse - and yet somehow also one - divided into a fully human 'rational' part, a lion-like 'spirited part' and an 'appetitive' part likened to a many-headed beast. How these parts interact, how exactly each shapes our agency and how they are affected by phenomena like eros and education is complicated and controversial. The essays in this book investigate how the theory evolves over the whole of Plato's work, including the Republic, Phaedrus and Timaeus, and how it was developed further by important Platonists such as Galen, Plutarch and Plotinus. They will be of interest to a wide audience in philosophy and classics.