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Practising French Grammar: A Workbook (Practising Grammar Workbooks Ser.)
by Richard Towell Marie-Noelle Lamy Dr Roger HawkinsThis new edition of Practising French Grammar offers a set of varied and accessible exercises for developing a practical awareness of French as it is spoken and written today. The lively examples and authentic texts and cartoons have been updated to reflect current usage. A new companion website provides a wealth of additional interactive exercises to help consolidate challenging grammar points. Practising French Grammar provides concise summaries of key grammatical points at the beginning of each exercise, as well as model answers to the exercises and translations of difficult words, making it ideal for both in-class use and independent study. It can be used alone or as the ideal companion to the fourth edition of French Grammar and Usage.
Practising German Grammar (Practising Grammar Workbooks)
by Martin Durrell Katrin Kohl Claudia KaiserThis new edition of Practising German Grammar provides you with varied and accessible exercises for developing an in-depth and practical awareness of German as it is spoken and written today. ? Whether used independently or as the ideal companion to the new sixth edition of the widely acclaimed Hammer’s German Grammar and Usage, this fourth edition of Practising German Grammar gives you the right tools to achieve high-level writing competence and comprehension of German. Using lively, authentic texts from a wide range of original sources and offering a variety of new and updated exercises designed to stimulate and to give confidence, Practising German Grammar will help you to master the complexities of the German language. Created especially for the new edition, a companion website at www.routledge.com/cw/durrell offers a wide range of exercises and quizzes on all the main areas of German, suitable for self-study and to accompany instructed grammar courses.
Practising Global Journalism: Exploring reporting issues worldwide
by John HerbertFrom this book, you will gain an understanding of the global media marketplace - the technology, the players and the issues. The role of news agencies, sources and networks are explored covering the issues of ethics, global media ownership and control. Find out how journalists are using the web and learn even newer ways to collect and communicate information. Essential reading for today's practising and trainee journalists. John Herbert examines the global environment in which journalists operate and describes the latest technology and its impact on print, broadcast and online journalism practice.Practising Global Journalism is a unique overview of the profession, providing a comparative study of journalism practice worldwide. Case studies are drawn from Europe, Australia, the Asia Pacific, South Asia, China, Africa and the Americas.
Practising Italian Grammar: A Workbook (Practising Grammar Workbooks)
by Stephen Harrison Alessia Bianchi Clelia BoscoloPractising Italian Grammar offers a comprehensive set of varied exercises for developing a greater practical awareness of the language. It is designed as a companion volume to A Reference Grammar of Modern Italian by Maiden and Robustelli, but it can also be used on its own by anyone wishing to improve their proficiency in Italian. The workbook includes examples of authentic Italian from journalistic and literary extracts, and from colloquial usage. The exercises are graded in terms of difficulty. Level 1 - revision of essential points, Level 2 - intermediate exercises, Level 3 - advanced exercises.A key to the exercises is provided making this workbook suitable for private study and classroom use.
Practising Journalism: Values, Constraints, Implications
by Nalini RajanPractising Journalism brings together experts from the field of journalism: journalists; freelance writers; lectures; and media practitioners to provide a comprehensive collection of current articles. Offering a unique view of the way journalism is both practiced and taught, this book is divided into four section: core values in journalism; specialisation within the craft; the constraints of practice and implications for the future. It covers areas including: gender and identity in the popular press; sports journalism; urban reporting; embedded journalism; censorship; and alternative media. This book is essential reading for students of journalism and all those considering a career in the field.
Practising Spanish Grammar (Practising Grammar Workbooks)
by Teresa De Carlos Christopher Pountain Angela HowkinsPractising Spanish Grammar can be used independently or as the ideal companion to the sixth edition of the widely acclaimed A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish (Butt, Benjamin and Moreira Rodríguez). Thoroughly updated, this fourth edition of the workbook features an improved organization which closely mirrors that of A New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish, sixth edition. The selection of exercises has been fully revised and expanded with new exercises on a variety of topics including possessives, conditional, future and past tenses, and polite requests. Designed to stimulate and engage even the most grammar-shy students, this is an ideal resource for Spanish learners at CEFR Level B2–C1, ACFTL Intermediate-High to Advanced.
Practising Spanish Grammar
by Angela Howkins Christopher Pountain Teresa De CarlosThis third edition of PRACTISING SPANISH GRAMMAR offers you a wide variety of exercises that put Spanish grammar into practice so you can understand better how the language is used today. Thoroughly updated, PRACTISING SPANISH GRAMMAR THIRD EDITION includes:a glossary that explains grammatical terms clearly, providing you with a useful reference guide to the tools of the languagelevel indicators with all exercises to help you progress at your own pace translations for key words within the exercises so you can work without having to stop and refer to a dictionaryanswers to all the exercises so you can use this book in class or at homea range of exercise types that cater for different learning strategies to help build your confidence in Spanish.With its broad variety of brand-new and revised exercises designed to stimulate and engage even the most grammar-shy students, this third edition can be used independently or as the ideal companion to the new fifth edition of the widely acclaimed A NEW REFERENCE GRAMMAR OF MODERN SPANISH FIFTH EDITION by John Butt and Carmen Benjamin.
Practising Theory and Reading Literature: An Introduction
by Raman SeldenPractising Theory and Reading Literature provides an accessible introduction to the study of contemporary literary theories and their applications to a range of literary texts. This is an elementary introduction where the emphasis is on practice, and in this respect it complements A Reader's Guide to Contemporary Literary Theory.
Practitioner's Guide to Curriculum-Based Evaluation in Reading
by Jason E. Harlacher Tami L. Sakelaris Nicole M. KattelmanThe educators are dedicated and concerned. The curriculum is successful. Yet some students aren't reading at grade level, and meetings air problems without making progress. Many students continue to flounder, leading to more meetings with the same lack of meaningful results. The Practitioner's Guide to Curriculum-Based Evaluation in Reading gives researchers and professionals the means to break this frustrating cycle, crafted by authors who have not only been there and done that, but can explain in depth how to replicate the method. Focusing on reading but applicable across subject areas, this highly accessible guide defines curriculum-based evaluation (CBE), provides conceptual background, and analyzes its component steps. Assessment and intervention are given equal attention within a problem-solving model featuring tools for skill assessment, progress monitoring, goal setting, and other bedrock tasks. Chapters build to lead readers beyond classroom strategies to guidelines for problem solving and decision making to effectively address individual student needs. Included in the coverage: The curriculum-based evaluation process. Relating CBE to the Multi-Tier System of Support model. Using CBE in daily practice, both in classwork and schoolwide. Decoding, early literacy, and reading comprehension. Progress monitoring and decision making. Plus FAQs, handouts, and other supplemental materials. This level of educational insight and pedagogical detail make the Practitioner's Guide to Curriculum-Based Evaluation in Reading a clarion call for researchers, graduate students, and professionals in school and clinical child psychology; assessment, testing, and evaluation; applied linguistics; language education; special education and allied education; educational psychology; and social work.
Pragmatic and Discourse Disorders
by Louise CummingsAn essential study aid for students of speech and language pathology, this highly practical workbook includes short-answer questions and data analysis exercises which help students to test and improve their knowledge of pragmatic and discourse disorders. The book contains a detailed examination of the causes, language and cognitive features of these disorders and includes frequently encountered clinical populations and conditions that are overlooked by other texts. The use of actual linguistic data provides readers with an authentic insight into the clinical setting. • 200 short-answer questions help students to develop and test their knowledge of pragmatic and discourse disorders • 67 data analysis exercises provide readers with real-life clinical scenarios • Fully worked answers are provided for all exercises, saving the lecturer time and allowing the reader to self-test and improve understanding • A detailed glossary of terms makes the text a self-contained reference tool • Carefully selected suggestions for further reading are provided for each chapter.
Pragmatic Conservatism
by Robert J. LaceyThis book is a study of pragmatic conservatism, an underappreciated tradition in modern American political thought, whose origins can be located in the ideas of Edmund Burke. Beginning with an exegesis of Burke's thought, it goes on to show how three twentieth-century thinkers who are not generally recognized as conservatives--Walter Lippmann, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Peter Viereck--carried on the Burkean tradition and adapted it to American democracy. Pragmatic conservatives posit that people, sinful by nature, require guidance from traditions that embody enduring truths wrought by past experience. Yet they also welcome incremental reform driven by established elites, judiciously departing from precedent when necessary. Mindful that truth is never absolute, they eschew ideology and caution against both bold political enterprises and stubborn apologies for the status quo. The book concludes by contrasting this more nuanced brand of conservatism with the radical version that emerged in the wake of the post-war Buckley revolution.
Pragmatic Disorders
by Louise CummingsThis wide-ranging survey of the state of the art in clinical pragmatics includes an examination of pragmatic disorders in previously neglected populations such as juvenile offenders, children and adults with emotional and behavioural disorders, and adults with non-Alzheimer dementias. This book makes a significant contribution to the discussion of pragmatic disorders by exploring topics which have a fast-rising profile in the field. These topics include disorders in which there are both pragmatic and cognitive components, and studies of the complex impacts of pragmatic disorders such as mental health problems, educational disadvantage and social exclusion. This book also presents a critical evaluation of our current state of knowledge of pragmatic disorders. The author focuses on the lack of integration between theoretical and clinical branches of pragmatics and argues that the work of clinicians is all too often inadequately informed by theoretical frameworks. She attempts to bridge these gaps by pursuing a closer alliance of clinical and theoretical branches of pragmatics. It is claimed that this alliance represents the most promising route for the future development of the field. At once a yardstick measuring progress thus far in clinical pragmatics, and also a roadmap for future research development, this single-author volume defines where we have reached in the field, as well as where we have to go next.
The Pragmatic Enlightenment
by Dennis C. RasmussenThis is a study of the political theory of the Enlightenment, focusing on four leading eighteenth-century thinkers: David Hume, Adam Smith, Montesquieu, and Voltaire. Dennis C. Rasmussen calls attention to the particular strand of the Enlightenment these thinkers represent, which he terms the "pragmatic Enlightenment. " He defends this strand of Enlightenment thought against both the Enlightenment s critics and some of the more idealistic Enlightenment figures who tend to have more followers today, such as John Locke, Immanuel Kant, and Jeremy Bentham. Professor Rasmussen argues that Hume, Smith, Montesquieu, and Voltaire exemplify an especially attractive type of liberalism, one that is more realistic, moderate, flexible, and contextually sensitive than most other branches of this tradition.
Pragmatic Inference: Misunderstandings, Accountability, Deniability (Elements in Pragmatics)
by Chi-Hé ElderThe concept of inference is foundational to the study of pragmatics; however, the way it is theoretically conceptualised and methodologically operationalised is far from uniform. This Element investigates the role that inference plays in pragmatic models of communication, bringing together a range of scholarship that characterises inference in different ways for different purposes. It addresses the nature of 'faulty inferences', promoting the study of misunderstandings as crucial for understanding inferential processes, and looking at sociopragmatic issues such as the role of commitment, accountability and deniability of inferences in interpersonal communication. This Element highlights that the question of where the locus of meaning lies is not only relevant to pragmatic theory but is also of paramount importance for understanding and managing real-life interpersonal communication conflict.
Pragmatic Literary Stylistics
by Siobhan Chapman Billy ClarkIn considering the ways in which current theories of language in use and communicative processes are applied to the analysis, interpretation and definition of literary texts, this book sets an agenda for the future of pragmatic literary stylistics and provides a foundation for future research and debate.
Pragmatic Markers in British English
by Kate BeechingFundamental to oral fluency, pragmatic markers facilitate the flow of spontaneous, interactional and social conversation. Variously termed 'hedges', 'fumbles' and 'conversational greasers' in earlier academic studies, this book explores the meaning, function and role of 'well', 'I mean', 'just', 'sort of', 'like' and 'you know' in British English. Adopting a sociolinguistic and historical perspective, Beeching investigates how these six commonly occurring pragmatic markers are used and the ways in which their current meanings and functions have evolved. Informed by empirical data from a wide range of contemporary and historical sources, including a small corpus of spoken English collected in 2011–14, the British National Corpus and the Old Bailey Corpus, Pragmatic Markers in British English contributes to debates about language variation and change, incrementation in adolescence and grammaticalisation and pragmaticalisation. It will be fascinating reading for researchers and students in linguistics and English, as well as non-specialists intrigued by this speech phenomenon.
A Pragmatic Perspective of Measurement (SpringerBriefs in Psychology)
by David Torres IrribarraThis book aims to address the challenges of defining measurement in social sciences, presenting a conceptualization of the practice of measurement from the perspective of the pragmatic tradition in philosophy. The book reviews key questions regarding the scope and limits of measurement, emphasizing that if the trust that the public places on measures in the social sciences relies on their connection to the notion of measurement in the physical sciences, then the clarification of the similarities and differences between measurement in the physical and the social realms is of central importance to adequately contextualize their relative advantages and limitations. It goes on to present some of the most influential theories of measurement such as the “classical view” of measurement, operationalism, and the representational theory of measurement, as well as more methodological perspectives arising from the practice of researchers in the social sciences, such as the latent variable perspective, and from the physical sciences and engineering, represented by metrology. This overview illustrates that the concept of measurement, and that of quantitative methods, is currently being used across the board in ways that do not necessarily conform to traditional, classical definitions of measurement, pushing the boundaries of what constitutes our technical understanding of it. Moreover, what constitutes a technical understanding of measurement, and the theoretical commitments that it entails, must vary in different areas. In this context, disagreement on what is constitutive of measurement is bound to appear. Pragmatism is presented as a theoretical perspective that offers the advantage of being flexible and fallibilist, encouraging us to abandon the pursuit of a timeless and perfect definition that attempts to establish decontextualized/definitive demarcation criteria for what is truly measurement. This book will be of particular interest for psychologists and other human and social scientists, and more concretely for scholars interested in measurement and assessment in psychological and social measurement. The pragmatic perspective of measurement presents a conceptual framework for researchers to ground their assessment practices acknowledging and dealing with the challenges of social measurement.
Pragmatic Public Speaking: A Workshop Approach to Real World Speeches (first Edition)
by Danna Prather Davis""Pragmatic Public Speaking: A Workshop Approach to Real World Speeches" explains why speaking well is a necessary tool for professional success, and how to speak well in a variety of situations and genres. Using a workbook format, each chapter of the book discusses why a particular type of speech is useful and gives tips on preparation and provides two practice assignments. The initial chapters deal with speech preparation strategies such outlining and organizing informative speeches, researching, and creating visual aids. Then, students learn about the components of effective delivery-- voice and body language. the final chapters address the art of persuasive speaking, which includes understanding claims, fallacies, and advocacy. Every chapter includes a brainstorm box to help students prepare, a speech checklist for review, an atomistic evaluation, and a holistic evaluation. As they move through the book, readers learn how to analyze speeches, look for logical chains of progression, and identify flaws in logic. Designed to prepare students for a successful communication future, "Pragmatic Public Speaking" can be used in introductory communication and public speaking courses. Danna Prather Davis is an assistant professor of communication at Suffolk County Community College in Selden, New York. She completed her undergraduate studies at the University of Texas and her graduate coursework at the University of Alabama and the University of Iowa. She currently teaches courses in human communication, public speaking, and gender and communication. in addition, Professor Prather Davis is the advisor to the Student Veteran's Association, and the assistant forensics coach, and holds a leadership role with the National Communication Association. "
Pragmatic Translation Studies: Principles, Strategies, and Techniques
by Fang MengzhiThis book aims to strengthen the link between applied translation theory and practice by elucidating translation principles, strategies, and techniques within a unified theoretical framework.The author encapsulates the development of translation studies and its terminological system into a tripartite structure that unifies the study of translation through macro, meso, and micro approaches. The macro approach examines trends in translation studies, the meso approach focuses on translation strategies, and the micro approach explores the rationale and characteristics of translation skills. Meticulously structured and clear, this book offers both ideological guidance and methodological explication. It combines theoretical exposition with professional analysis, providing a profound and engaging perspective that bridges theory and practice.This title will serve as an invaluable reference for translation practitioners, researchers, and students of translation studies and interpreting theory and practice.
Pragmatic Variation in Service Encounter Interactions across the Spanish-Speaking World (Routledge Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics)
by Maria Elena Placencia J. César Félix-BrasdeferPragmatic Variation in Service Encounter Interactions across the Spanish-Speaking World expands the study of service encounter interactions into new face-to-face and digital contexts and new (sub)varieties of Spanish. The chapters examine pragmatic variation in a range of contexts, representing ten countries and twelve (sub)varieties of Spanish. Part I explores macrosocial factors such as region, gender, age, and social class, while Part II focuses on microsocial and situational factors. Part III concludes the volume with theoretical and methodological contributions to the field. This volume will be of particular interest to advanced students and researchers of Spanish and Linguistics.
Pragmática del español: contexto, uso y variación
by J. César Félix-BrasdeferPragmática del español introduces the central topics in pragmatics and discourse from a sociolinguistic perspective. Pragmatic variation is addressed within each topic, with examples from different varieties of Spanish spoken in Latin America, Spain and the United States. A companion website provides additional exercises and a corpus of Spanish data for student research projects. A sample syllabus and suggestions for further reading help instructors tailor the material to a one-semester course or as a supplement to general introduction to Hispanic linguistics courses. This is an ideal resource for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students, at level B2 – C2 of the Common European Framework for Languages, and Intermediate High – Advanced High on the ACTFL proficiency scales.
Pragmatics,: A Multilayered, Discursive Analysis of Cancel Culture (Elements in Pragmatics)
by Pilar G. BlitvichThis Element shows the basis for pragmatics/(im)politeness to become intergroup-oriented to be able to consider interactions in which social identities are salient or are essentially collective in nature, such as Cancel Culture (CC). CC is a form of ostracism involving the collective withdrawal of support and concomitant group exclusion of individuals perceived as having behaved in ways construed as immoral and thus displaying disdain for group normativity. To analyze this type of collective phenomenon, a three-layered model that tackles CC manifestations at the macro, meso, and micro levels is used. At the meso/micro levels, problematize extant conceptualizations of CC -mostly focused on the macro level and describe it as a Big C Conversation, whose meso-level practices need to be understood as genre-ecology, and where identity reduction, im/politeness, and moral emotions synergies are key to understand group entitativity and agency.
Pragmatics: A Multidisciplinary Perspective (Perspectives In Pragmatics, Philosophy And Psychology Ser. #3)
by Louise CummingsThe first truly multidisciplinary text of its kind, this book offers an original analysis of the current state of linguistic pragmatics. Cummings argues that no study of pragmatics can reasonably neglect the historical and contemporary influences on this discipline of neighboring fields of inquiry, particularly philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, and language pathology. By the same token, these fields can begin to address their own questions more productively by examining the insights of pragmatics. The book's range of topics and depth of analysis will be of interest to advanced undergraduate and more specialized readers in linguistics, communication studies, speech and language therapy, and cognitive science. Topics discussed include:*coverage of pragmatic concepts and theories;*criticisms of Sperber and Wilson's relevance theory, Habermas's theory of communicative competence, and Kasher's views on the modularity of pragmatics;*pragmatic deficits in a range of child and adult language disorders; and*a pragmatic analysis of argumentation in topical issues such as AIDS and BSE theories of meaning, inferences, pragmatics and AI.
Pragmatics: A Resource Book for Students (Routledge English Language Introductions)
by Joan Cutting Kenneth FordyceRoutledge English Language Introductions cover core areas of language study and are one-stop resources for students. Assuming no prior knowledge, books in the series offer an accessible overview of the subject, with activities, study questions, sample analyses, commentaries, and key readings – all in the same volume. The innovative and flexible ‘two-dimensional’ structure is built around four sections – introduction, development, exploration, and extension – that offer self-contained stages for study. Each topic can also be read across these sections, enabling the reader to gradually build on the knowledge gained. Now in its fourth edition, this best-selling textbook: Covers the core areas of the subject: speech acts, the cooperative principle, relevance theory, corpus pragmatics, politeness theory, and critical discourse analysis Has updated and new sections on intercultural and cross-cultural pragmatics, critical discourse analysis and the pragmatics of power, second language pragmatic competence development, impoliteness, post-truth discourse, vague language, pragmatic markers, formulaic sequences, and online corpus tools Draws on a wealth of texts in a variety of languages, including political TV interviews, newspaper articles, extracts from classic novels and plays, recent international films, humorous narratives, and exchanges on email, messaging, Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp Provides recent readings from leading scholars in the discipline, including Jonathan Culpeper, Lynne Flowerdew, and César Félix-Brasdefer Is accompanied by eResources featuring extra material and activities. Written by two experienced teachers and researchers, this accessible textbook is an essential resource for all students of English language and linguistics.
Pragmatics
by Stephen C. LevinsonThose aspects of language use that are crucial to an understanding of language as a system, and especially to an understanding of meaning, are the acknowledged concern of linguistic pragmatics. Yet until now much of the work in this field has not been easily accessible to the student, and was often written at an intimidating level of technicality. In this textbook, however, Dr Levinson has provided a lucid and integrative analysis of the central topics in pragmatics - deixis, implicature, presupposition, speech acts, and conversational structure. A central concern of the book is the relation between pragmatics and semantics, and Dr Levinson shows clearly how a pragmatic approach can resolve some of the problems semantics have been confronting and simplifying semantic analyses. The complexity of these issues is not disguised, but the exposition is always clear and supported by helpful exemplification. The detailed analyses of selected topics give the student a clear view of the empirical rigour demanded by the study of linguistic pragmatics, but Dr Levinson never loses sight of the rich diversity of the subject. An introduction and conclusion relate pragmatics to other fields in linguistics and other disciplines concerned with language usage - psychology, philosophy, anthropology and literature. Many students in these disciplines, as well as students of linguistics, will find this a valuable textbook.