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The Romantic Manifesto
by Ayn RandIn this beautifully written and brilliantly reasoned book, Ayn Rand throws a new light on the nature of art and its purpose in human life. Once again Miss Rand eloquently demonstrates her refusal to let popular catchwords and conventional ideas stand between her and the truth as she has discovered it. The Romantic Manifesto takes its place beside The Fountainhead as one of the most important achievements of our time.
Romantic Marginality: Nation and Empire on the Borders of the Page (The History of the Book #9)
by Alex WatsonThis is the first critical study of Romantic-era annotation or marginalia – footnotes, endnotes, glossaries – which formed a vital site of literary interaction.
Romantic Marks and Measures: Wordsworth's Poetry in Fields of Print (Material Texts)
by Julia S. CarlsonIn the late eighteenth century, British print culture took a diagrammatic and accentual turn. In graphs of emphasis and tonal inflection, in signs for indicating poetic stress, and in tabulations of punctuation, elocutionists, grammarians, and prosodists deployed new typographic marks and measures to represent English speech on the page. At the same time, cartographers and travel writers published reconfigurations of landscape on large-scale topographical maps, in geometric surveys, and in guidebooks that increasingly featured charts and diagrams. Within these diverse fields of print, blank verse was employed as illustration and index, directing attention to newly discovered features of British speech and space and helping to materialize the vocal and visual contours of the nation.In Romantic Marks and Measures, Julia S. Carlson examines Wordsworth's poetry of "speech" and "nature" as a poetry of print, written and read in the midst of topographic and typographic experimentation and change. Investigating the notebook drafts of "The Discharged Soldier," the printer's copy of Lyrical Ballads, Lake District guidebooks, John Thelwall's scansion of The Excursion, and revisions and editions of The Prelude, she explores Wordsworth's major blank verse poems as sites of intervention—visual and graphic as well as formal and thematic—in cultural contests to represent Britain, on the page, as a shared landscape and language community.
Romantic Mediations: Media Theory and British Romanticism (SUNY series, Studies in the Long Nineteenth Century)
by Andrew BurkettFinalist in the 2016 Foreword INDIES Book of the Year Award in the Social Sciences categoryRomantic Mediations investigates the connections among British Romantic writers, their texts, and the history of major forms of technical media from the turn of the nineteenth century to the present. Opening up the vital new subfield of Romantic media studies through interventions in both media archaeology and contemporary media theory, Andrew Burkett addresses the ways that unconventional techniques and theories of storage and processing media engage with classic texts by William Blake, Lord Byron, John Keats, Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, and others. Ordered chronologically and structured by four crucial though often overlooked case studies that delve into Romanticism's role in the histories of incipient technical media systems, the book focuses on different examples of the ways that imaginative literature and art of the period become taken up and transformed by—while simultaneously shaping considerably—new media environments and platforms of photography, phonography, moving images, and digital media.
The Romantic Movement (Routledge Library Editions: Romanticism #22)
by Alan MenhennetFirst published in 1981. This study concentrates on the exponents of the central period of German Romanticism, regarding as characteristic the mode in which the poet’s self becomes active only in response to external stimuli, most notably those of landscape. The author traces the main strands of thought and interests that preoccupy Romantic writers; the revolutionary attitude that is yet differentiated from that of writers like Byron by the lack of emphasis on individualism, the dualism of the bourgeois world and the ‘inner self’, the interest in language as an agency for the regeneration of the German spirit, and the concentration on folk-themes and the idea of Wanderung. This title will be of interest to students of literature.
Romantic Mythologies (Routledge Library Editions: Romanticism #9)
by Ian FletcherFirst published in 1967. These essays illustrate the movement of ideas in the literary and artistic history of the later part of the nineteenth century. The subjects dealt with are diverse though interrelated. All the contributors exemplify the changing thought of the period from Romanticism, through Victorianism to Symbolism. This title will be of interest to students of art history and literature.
Romantic Narrative: Shelley, Hays, Godwin, Wollstonecraft
by Tilottama RajanOften identified with its lyric poetry, Romanticism has come to be dismissed by historicists as an ineffectual idealism. By focusing on Romantic narrative, noted humanist Tilottama Rajan takes issue with this identification, as well as with the equation of narrative itself with the governmental apparatus of the Novel. Exploring the role of narrativity in the works of Romantic writers, Rajan also reflects on larger disciplinary issues such as the role of poetry versus prose in an emergent modernity and the place of Romanticism itself in a Victorianized nineteenth century.While engaging both genres, Romantic Narrative responds to the current critical shift from poetry to prose by concentrating, paradoxically, on a poetics of narrative in Romantic prose fiction. Rajan argues that poiesis, as a mode of thinking, is Romanticism’s legacy to an age of prose. She elucidates this thesis through careful readings of Shelley’s Alastor and his Gothic novels, Godwin’s Caleb Williams and St. Leon, Hays’ Memoirs of Emma Courtney, and Wollstonecraft’s The Wrongs of Woman. Rajan, winner of the Keats-Shelley Association's Distinguished Lifetime Award and a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, is one of Romanticism’s leading scholars. Effective, articulate, and readable, Romantic Narrative will appeal to scholars in both nineteenth-century studies and narrative theory.
Romantic Naturalists, Early Environmentalists: An Ecocritical Study, 1789-1912
by Dewey W. HallIn his study of Romantic naturalists and early environmentalists, Dewey W. Hall asserts that William Wordsworth and Ralph Waldo Emerson were transatlantic literary figures who were both influenced by the English naturalist Gilbert White. In Part 1, Hall examines evidence that as Romantic naturalists interested in meteorology, Wordsworth and Emerson engaged in proto-environmental activity that drew attention to the potential consequences of the locomotive's incursion into Windermere and Concord. In Part 2, Hall suggests that Wordsworth and Emerson shaped the early environmental movement through their work as poets-turned-naturalists, arguing that Wordsworth influenced Octavia Hill’s contribution to the founding of the United Kingdom’s National Trust in 1895, while Emerson inspired John Muir to spearhead the United States’ National Parks movement in 1890. Hall’s book traces the connection from White as a naturalist-turned-poet to Muir as the quintessential early environmental activist who camped in Yosemite with President Theodore Roosevelt. Throughout, Hall raises concerns about the growth of industrialization to make a persuasive case for literature's importance to the rise of environmentalism.
Romantic Norths
by Cian DuffyThis book explores various forms of cultural influence and exchange between Britain and the Nordic countries in the late eighteenth century and romantic period. Broadly new-historicist in approach, but drawing also on influential descriptions of genre, discipline, mediation, cultural exchange, and comparative methodologies, these essays not only constitute a substantial and innovative contribution to scholarly understanding of the development of romanticisms and romantic nationalisms in Britain and the Nordic countries, but also describe a pattern of cultural encounter which was predicated upon exchange and a sense of commonality rather than upon the perception of difference or alterity which has so often been discerned by critical descriptions of British romantic-period engagements with non-British cultures. The volume ought to appeal to a broad and genuinely international academic audience with interests in eighteenth-century and romantic-period culture in Britain and Scandinavia as well as to undergraduates taking courses in eighteenth-century, romantic, and Scandinavian studies.
Romantic Paradox: An Essay on the Poetry of Wordsworth (RLE: Wordsworth and Coleridge #2)
by C.C. ClarkeFirst published in 1962, this book reveals unexpected complexity or equivocation in Wordsworth’s use of certain key words, particularly ‘image’, ‘form’ and ‘shape’. The author endeavours to show that this complexity is related to the poet’s awareness of the ambiguity of the perceptual process. Numerous passages from The Prelude and other poems are analysed to illustrate the argument and to show that, because of this doubt or hidden perplexity, Wordsworth’s poetry has a far richer texture, is more concentrated, intricately organised and loaded with ambivalent meanings than it would otherwise have been. New light is also shed on Wordsworth’s debt to Akenside.
The Romantic Period: The Intellectual & Cultural Context of English Literature 1789-1830 (Longman Literature In English Series)
by Robin JarvisThe Romantic Period was one of the most exciting periods in English literary history. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of the intellectual and cultural background to Romantic literature. It is accessibly written and avoids theoretical jargon, providing a solid foundation for students to make their own sense of the poetry, fiction and other creative writing that emerged as part of the Romantic literary tradition.
The Romantic Poetry Handbook (Wiley Blackwell Literature Handbooks)
by Michael O'Neill Madeleine CallaghanAn absorbing survey of poetry written in one of the most revolutionary eras in the history of British literature This comprehensive survey of British Romantic poetry explores the work of six poets whose names are most closely associated with the Romantic era—Wordsworth, Coleridge, Blake, Keats, Byron, and Shelley—as well as works by other significant but less widely studied poets such as Leigh Hunt, Charlotte Smith, Felicia Hemans, and Letitia Elizabeth Landon. Along with its exceptional coverage, the volume is alert to relevant contexts, and opens up ways of understanding Romantic poetry. The Romantic Poetry Handbook encompasses the entire breadth of the Romantic Movement, beginning with Anna Laetitia Barbauld and running through to Thomas Lovell Beddoes and John Clare. In its central section ‘Readings’ it explores tensions, change, and continuity within the Romantic Movement, and examines a wide range of individual poems and poets through sensitive, attentive and accessible analyses. In addition, the authors provide a full introduction, a detailed historical and cultural timeline, biographies of the poets whose works are featured in the “Readings” section, and a helpful guide to further reading. The Romantic Poetry Handbook is an ideal text for undergraduate and postgraduate study of British Romantic poetry. It also will appeal to every reader with an interest in the Romantics and in poetry generally.
The Romantic Poets (Wordsworth Classics)
by Samuel Taylor Coleridge John Keats William Blake William Wordsworth Percy Bysshe Shelley George Gordon Lord ByronRomanticism gained traction in the late 1700s as writers moved away from the intellectualism of the Enlightenment and toward more emotional and natural themes. The major works of the movement’s five most famous poets--William Wordsworth, George Gordon Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and John Keats--are represented in this handsome Word Cloud Classics volume, The Romantic Poets. One of the largest and most influential artistic movements in history, Romanticism valued intuition and pastoralism, and its themes are well represented in the verse of its stars. Lexile code: NP
The Romantic Poets (Routledge Library Editions: Romanticism #17)
by Graham HoughFirst published in 1953. At its best, Romantic poetry combined the creative freedom of a dream with some of the deepest facts of human experience. In this critical survey, Professor Hough examines individually the poetry of Gray, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats. He sets their work firmly in the context of the major events and preoccupations of the age, clarifying the origins and growth of a poetry that emerged so swiftly and differed so radically from the Augustan age that preceded it. He asserts the importance of the Romantic experience to the tradition of literature, and its significance to the reader of today.
Romantic Presences in the Twentieth Century (The\nineteenth Century Ser.)
by Mark SandyConcerned with the intermingled thematic and formal preoccupations of Romantic thought and literary practice in works by twentieth-century British, Irish, and American artists, this collection examines the complicated legacy of Romanticism in twentieth-century novels, poetry, and film. Even as key twentieth-century cultural movements have tried to subvert or debunk Romantic narratives of redemptive nature, individualism, perfectibility, and the transcendence of art, the forms and modes of feeling associated with the Romantic period continue to exert a signal influence on the modern moment - both as a source of tension and as creative stimulus. As the essays here show, the exact meaning of the Romantic bequest may be bitterly contested, but it has been difficult to leave behind. The contributors take up a wide range of authors, including Virginia Woolf, F. Scott Fitzgerald, W. H. Auden, Doris Lessing, Seamus Heaney, Hart Crane, William Faulkner, Don DeLillo, and Jonathan Franzen. What emerges from this lively volume is a fuller picture of the persistence and variety of the Romantic period's influence on the twentieth-century.
Romantic Prophecy and the Resistance to Historicism
by Christopher BundockRomantic writers invoked prophecy throughout their work. However, the failure of prophecy to materialize didn't deter them. Why then do Romantic writers repeatedly invoke prophecy when it never works? The answer to this question is at the heart of Romantic Prophecy and the Resistance to Historicism. In this remarkably erudite work, Christopher Bundock argues that the repeated failure of prophecy in Romantic thought is creative and enables a renewable potential for expression across disciplines. By focusing on new readings of canonical Romantic authors as well as their more obscure works, Bundock makes a bold intervention into major concepts such as Romantic imagination, historicity, and mediation. Romantic Prophecy and the Resistance to Historicism glides across Kant's Swedenborgian dreams to Mary Shelley's Last Man and reveals how Romanticism reinvents history by turning prophecy inside out.
Romantic Readers: The Evidence of Marginalia
by H. J. JacksonWhen readers jot down notes in their books, they reveal something of themselves--what they believe, what amuses or annoys them, what they have read before. But a close examination of marginalia also discloses diverse and fascinating details about the time in which they are written. This book explores reading practices in the Romantic Age through an analysis of some 2,000 books annotated by British readers between 1790 and 1830. This period experienced a great increase in readership and a boom in publishing. H. J. Jackson shows how readers used their books for work, for socializing, and for leaving messages to posterity. She draws on the annotations of Blake, Coleridge, Keats, and other celebrities as well as those of little known and unknown writers to discover how people were reading and what this can tell us about literature, social history, and the history of the book.
Romantic Readers and Transatlantic Travel: Expeditions and Tours in North America, 1760–1840 (Ashgate Ser. In Nineteenth-century Transatlantic Studies)
by Robin JarvisWhy and how did people read literature on North America by explorers, travellers, emigrants, and tourists? This is the central question Robin Jarvis takes up as he addresses a significant gap in scholarship on travel writing: its contemporary reception. Referencing reviews in the periodical press, personal journals, letters, autobiographies, marginalia, and bibliographical evidence relating to the production, distribution, and reception of travel literature, Jarvis focuses especially on the ideas and perceptions of North America expressed by individuals who never visited the subcontinent. Among the issues Jarvis explores are what the British reception of North American travel narratives says about the ways in which the United States was imagined in the Romantic period; how poets such as Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Felicia Hemans, Robert Southey, and William Wordsworth, all voracious travel readers, incorporated their readings of travel books into their works; and the ways in which the reception of North American travel writing should be contextualized within the broader contours of British society and culture. Significantly, Jarvis differentiates between different communities of readers to show the extent to which class or professional status affected the way travel literature was read. Of equally crucial importance, he discusses the reception of travel literature on Canada and the Arctic as distinct from that on the United States. His book constitutes the most thorough exploration to date of the private reading experiences of travel literature during the Romantic period.
Romantic Reformers and the Antislavery Struggle in the Civil War Era
by Ethan J. Kytle"On the cusp of the American Civil War, a new generation of reformers, including Theodore Parker, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Martin Robison Delany and Thomas Wentworth Higginson, took the lead in the antislavery struggle. Frustrated by political defeats, a more aggressive slave power, and the inability of early abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison to rid the nation of slavery, the New Romantics crafted fresh, often more combative, approaches to the peculiar institution. Contrary to what many scholars have argued, however, they did not reject Romantic reform in the process. Instead, the New Romantics roamed widely through Romantic modes of thought, embracing not only the immediatism and perfectionism pioneered by Garrisonians but also new motifs and doctrines, including sentimentalism, self-culture, martial heroism, Romantic racialism, and Manifest Destiny. This book tells the story of how antebellum America's most important intellectual current, Romanticism, shaped the coming and course of the nation's bloodiest--and most revolutionary--conflict"--
Romantic Representations of British India (Routledge Studies in Romanticism)
by Michael J. FranklinMichael J. Franklin's Romantic Representations of British India is a timely study of the impact of Orientalist knowledge upon British culture during the Romantic period. The subject of the book is not so much India, but the British cultural understanding of India, particularly between 1750 and 1850. Franklin opens up new areas of investigation in Romantic-period culture, as those texts previously located in the ghetto of ‘Anglo-Indian writing’ are restored to a central place in the wider field of Romanticism. The essays within this collection cover a wide range of topics and are written by an impressive troupe of contributors including P.J. Marshall, Anne Mellor, and Nigel Leask. Students and academics involved with literary studies and history will find this book extremely useful, though musicologists and historians of science and of religion will also make good use of the book, as will those interested in questions of gender, race, and colonialism.
Romantic Responses to Revolution through Miltonic Ideas of the Fall (Routledge Focus on Literature)
by Callum FraserRomantic Responses to Revolution through Miltonic Ideas of the Fall explores the influence of John Milton’s epic poem, Paradise Lost, on a range of Romantic and post-Romantic writers. Specifically, the book examines the way in which these writers use the Fall, and the notion of ‘fallenness’—as envisioned in Paradise Lost—as a model for writing about their roles as poets/writers in periods of political and cultural turmoil.This book will be of value to undergraduate and postgraduate students of English Literature with a specific interest in the Romantics. The writers and texts featured—including the ‘big six’ of Romantic poets, and three canonical novels of the early nineteenth century—are very widely studied on English Literature courses across the UK, US, and Europe. This makes the book an ideal reference text or inspiration point for essays, coursework, and theses, while the concise and accessible style should be especially appealing for undergraduates and lecturers looking for an approachable overview of Romantic responses to revolution and the influence of Milton.
Romantic Revelations: Visions of Post-Apocalyptic Life and Hope in the Anthropocene
by Chris WashingtonRomantic Revelations shows that the nonhuman is fundamental to Romanticism’s political responses to climatic catastrophes. Exploring what he calls "post-apocalyptic Romanticism," Chris Washington intervenes in the critical conversation that has long defined Romanticism as an apocalyptic field. "Apocalypse" means "the revelation of a perfected world," which sees Romanticism’s back-to-nature environmentalism as a return to paradise and peace on earth. Romantic Revelations, however, demonstrates that the destructive climate change events of 1816, "the year without a summer," changed Romantic thinking about the environment and the end of the world. Their post-apocalyptic visions correlate to the beginning of the Anthropocene, the time when humans initiated the possible extinction of their own species and potentially the earth. Rather than constructing paradises where humans are reborn or human existence ends, the later Romantics are interested in how to survive in the ashes after great social and climatic global disasters. Romantic Revelations argues that Percy Shelley, Mary Shelley, Lord Byron, John Clare, and Jane Austen sketch out a post-apocalyptic world that, in contrast to the sunnier Romantic narratives, is paradoxically the vision that offers us hope. In thinking through life after disaster, Washington contends that these authors craft an optimistic vision of the future that leads to a new politics.
The Romantic Reviewers: 1802-1824 (Routledge Library Editions: Romanticism #15)
by John O. HaydenFirst published in 1969. This study of literary reviewing in the early nineteenth century is concerned with contemporary criticism of the works of the major Romantic poets – Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats – and of seven other notable Romantic writers including Hazlitt, Lamb and Scott. The criticism of all works in prose and verse, excluding novels, published by these writers between 1802 and 1824 is described and analysed. This study also considers the policies and practices of the reviews, and their political, religious and moral attitudes in literary matters. This title will be of interest to students of literature.
The Romantic Revolution in America: an Interpretation of American Literature from the Beginnings to 1920 )
by Vernon Louis ParringtonFirst published in 1927, The Romantic Revolution in America: 1800-1860, is the second volume in Vernon Louis Parrington's widely acclaimed study of the development of American thinking entitled Main Currents in American Thought, An Interpretation of American Literature from the Beginnings to 1920. Parrington examines the writings of influential American thinkers from Jefferson to Lincoln in each section of the growing united States. His thesis is that the economic fluidity that prevailed in America after 1800 inspired in each geographical section of the country a version of a hopeful and confident romantic utopianism that ultimately proved to be self-defeating. It created federally protected money grubbing capitalists rather than a future of transcendent democratic fruitfulness. He is today regarded as the leading figure in the school of intellectuals known as "progressive historians." A key section of his introduction reads as follows: The older America of colonial days had been static, rationalistic, inclined to pessimism, fearful of innovation, tenacious of the customary. It conceived of human nature as evil, and accounting men incurably wicked, it opened no doors to Utopian dreams of a golden future. . . During the thirty-odd years between the Peace of Paris and the end of the War of 1812 that older America was dying. The America that succeeded was a shifting, restless world, youthfully optimistic, eager to better itself, bent on finding easier roads to wealth than the plodding path of natural increase. It conceived of human nature as acquisitive, and accounting acquisitiveness a cardinal virtue, it set out to inquire what opportunities awaited it in the unexploited resources of the continent.
The Romantic Revolution in America: Main Currents in American Thought
by Vernon Louis ParringtonThe development of literature between 1800 and 1860 in the United States was heavily influenced by two wars. The War of 1812 hastened the development of nineteenth-century ideals, and the Civil War uprooted certain growths of those vigorous years. The half century between these dramatic episodes was a period of extravagant vigor, the final outcome being the emergence of a new middle class.Parrington argues that America was becoming a new world with undreamed potential. This new era was no longer content with the ways of a founding generation. The older America of colonial days had been static, rationalistic, inclined to pessimism, and fearful of innovation. During the years between the Peace of Paris (1763) and the end of the War of 1812, older America was dying. The America that emerged, which is the focal point of this volume, was a shifting, restless world, eager to better itself, bent on finding easier roads to wealth than the plodding path of natural increase.The culture of this period also changed. Formal biographies written in this period often gave way to eulogy; it was believed that a writer was under obligation to speak well of the dead. Consequently, scarcely a single commentary of the times can be trusted, and the critic is reduced to patching together his account out of scanty odds and ends. A new introduction by Bruce Brown highlights the life of Vernon Louis Parrington and explains the importance of this second volume in the Pulitzer Prize-winning study.