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Women in Journalism at the Fin de Stècle: Making a Name for Herself (Palgrave Studies in Nineteenth-Century Writing and Culture)
by F. Elizabeth GrayAs the nineteenth-century drew to a close, women became more numerous and prominent in British journalism. This book offers a fascinating introduction to the work lives of twelve such journalists, and each essay examines the career, writing and strategic choices of women battling against the odds to secure recognition in a male-dominated society.
Women in Love: And Other Dramatic Writings (Books That Changed the World)
by Larry KramerScreenplays and scripts from the playwright of The Normal Heart.&“A valuable showcase of an important writer&’s early career.&”—The Bay Area Reporter Larry Kramer has been described by Susan Sontag as &“one of America&’s most valuable troublemakers.&” As Frank Rich writes in his Foreword to this collection of writings for the screen and stage, &“his plays are almost journalistic in their observation of the fine-grained documentary details of life . . . that may well prove timeless.&” The title work, the Oscar-nominated screenplay for Women in Love, is a movie &“as sensuous as anything you&’ve probably ever seen on film&” (The New York Times). The screenplay is accompanied by Kramer&’s reflections on the history of the production, sure to be of interest to any student of film. This volume also includes several early plays, Sissies&’ Scrapbook, A Minor Dark Age, and the political farce Just Say No, illuminating the development of one of our most important literary figures. &“Since his screenplay for Women in Love, Kramer has been a prophet of psychic health and catastrophe among us.&” (from The American Academy of Arts and Letters citation). Women in Love &“A visual stunner and very likely the most sensual film ever made.&”—New York Daily News &“Throughout Larry Kramer&’s literate scenario, the Lawrentian themes blaze and gutter. The sooty mind-crushing coal mines that Lawrence knew like the back of his hand are re-created in all their malignance. The annealing quality of sex is exhibited in the most erotic—and tasteful—lust scenes anywhere in contemporary film.&”—Time
Women in Mass Communication
by Dr Pamela J. Creedon Judith CramerThe Third Edition of Women in Mass Communication provides a new generation of students with an insightful examination of women in the journalism and mass communication professions. In this seminal volume, editors Pamela Creedon and Judith Cramer offer ideas and directions for improving the status of women—and men— working in the field.
Women in Medicine in the Long Nineteenth Century: Volume IV: Patient Perspectives (Nineteenth-Century Science, Technology and Medicine: Sources and Documents)
by Claire BrockVital to the acceptance of medical women was the willingness of patients – largely women and children – to be treated by them. By the end of 1914, this more usual patient base was expanded to include injured soldiers. To provide a full consideration of the medical and surgical world of this period, it is necessary to explore patients in order to explore how gender affected the relationship between patient and practitioner. This volume examines the contemporary fear that hospital patients, mostly of working-class origin, were being experimented upon by their overly eager, ambitious, and vivisecting doctors; something in which surgeons especially were seen to be complicit. Women too, however, carried out abdominal and gynaecological surgery, and performed clitoridectomies. How medical women justified their actions, as well as how their patients viewed them, is the focus of this volume. Additionally, the voice of those who experienced ‘medical tyranny’ is considered to examine what happened when patients fought back publicly against the medical establishment. Accompanied by extensive editorial commentary, this title will be of great interest to students of Women's History and the History of Medicine.
Women in Medicine in the Long Nineteenth Century: Volume II: Medical Women (Nineteenth-Century Science, Technology and Medicine: Sources and Documents)
by Claire BrockAs an exciting, challenging, and for some, repulsive, novelty and phenomenon, the medical woman was fictionalised swiftly in the second half of the nineteenth century. This volume reproduces literary examples which explore the many facets of women’s entry into the medical profession, and their experiences once qualified. This volume broadens literary and cultural understanding of female doctors through the selection of sources which are less well-known or more difficult to find, as well as considering global examples or contexts. By including sources which reveal both supportive and derogatory assessments, and by male and female authors, a wide range of opinions regarding women’s efficacy as medical practitioners are considered. Accompanied by extensive editorial commentary, this title will be of great interest to students of Women's History and the History of Medicine.
Women in Medicine in the Long Nineteenth Century: Volume I: Debates (Nineteenth-Century Science, Technology and Medicine: Sources and Documents)
by Claire BrockThe volume explores the range of reactions to medical women from the mid-nineteenth century up until the start of the Great War in 1914. By covering this period, readers will be introduced to ongoing debates surrounding women in medicine, via sources which explore the possibilities for – as well as the problems of – female professional practice. The perspectives of detractors and supporters, as well as medical women themselves, are taken into account, and especial consideration given to opinions which were not neatly divided along gender lines. Of key concern here is a nuanced tracing through primary material of changes in the perception of medical women, as well as the ways in which lingering prejudices disappeared or remained well into the twentieth century. This volume focuses on two key areas: first, the debates and challenges around medical and surgical education for women; and, second, women’s physical and mental ‘fitness’ to practise. The reproduction of previously unpublished student magazines, both from the foundational London School of Medicine for Women, as well as medical schools which considered admitting women during this period, are an original feature of this volume. Accompanied by extensive editorial commentary, this title will be of great interest to students of Women's History and the History of Medicine.
Women in Medicine in the Long Nineteenth Century: Volume III: Global Experiences (Nineteenth-Century Science, Technology and Medicine: Sources and Documents)
by Claire BrockThis volume explores medical women as a global phenomenon during the long nineteenth century. The volume considers, firstly, how especially British medical women travelled internationally to treat patients who, for reasons of religious, cultural, or social beliefs, were reluctant to seek treatment from male doctors. In this instance, missionary zeal was balanced with concern for women’s health and welfare. Secondly, the volume includes texts written by those who qualified as medical women and practised either in their national context or those educated abroad, who then returned home to pursue their careers. The latter makes more widely available works by women of colour, including, for example, the African American woman doctor, Rebecca Lee Crumpler, and Indian female medical practitioner, Rukhmabai. Accompanied by extensive editorial commentary, this title will be of great interest to students of Women's History and the History of Medicine.
Women in Molière’s Comedies: How Little Do You Know a Woman’s Heart! (Routledge Studies in French and Francophone Literature)
by Diana KoloiniThis book offers a new approach to the work of the great classical author. Molière’s is obviously a patriarchal world in which women are most often treated as objects of patriarchal autocracy, which expects their submission. Yet in a number of his plays, women display ample resourcefulness in countering the patriarchal rule, often managing to outwit it. To explore this topic, the book scrutinizes Molière’s most important comedies, The School for Wives, Tartuffe, The Misanthrope, and Don Juan, all of which feature complex female characters who play important roles. They show that Molière acknowledged a fully valid space for women and recognized their right to their own lives. As a prelude, the book analyzes two comedies from the margins of Molière’s oeuvre, The Ridiculous Précieuses and The Learned Ladies, which provoked controversy and indignant feminist criticism, since they appear to deride the emancipatory efforts of the time.
Women in Old Norse Society
by Jenny JochensJenny Jochens captures in fascinating detail the lives of women in pagan and early Christian Iceland and Norway: their work, sexual behavior, marriage customs, reproductive practices, familial relations, leisure activities, religious practices, and legal constraints and protections. Much of this information also applies to everyday life in the entire Germanic world. Conveying the experiences not only of aristocrats but also of ordinary farmers, the author draws from her extensive knowledge of the oldest and fullest record of the Germanic tribes.Women in Old Norse Society places particular emphasis on changing sexual mores and the impact of the imposition of Christianity by the clergy and the Norwegian kings. It also demonstrates the vital role women played in economic production: homespun was used for every conceivable domestic purpose; the lengths of cloth became the standard of measurement for local commercial exchange and were used to obtain commodities abroad.Jochens's masterly command of the Old Norse narratives and legal texts enables her to provide a rich social history that includes the fullest analysis to date of pagan and Christian marriage and the first comprehensive study of infanticide in the North.
Women in Public Relations: How Gender Influences Practice
by Elizabeth L. Toth Larissa A. Grunig Linda Childers HonThe past 20 years have seen an influx of women into the practice of public relations, yet gender-based disparities in pay and advancement remain a troubling reality. As the field becomes feminized, moreover, female and male practitioners alike confront the prospect of dwindling salaries and prestige. This landmark book presents a comprehensive examination of the status of women in public relations and proposes concrete ways to achieve greater parity in education and practice. The authors integrate the theoretical literature of public relations and gender with results of a major longitudinal study of women in the field, along with illuminating focus group and interview data. Topics covered include factors contributing to sex discrimination; how public relations stacks up against other professions on gender-related issues; the challenges facing female managers and entrepreneurs; the experiences of ethnic minority professionals; the salary gap; the glass ceiling; and how to foster solutions on individual, organizational, and societal levels. This volume is an essential read for both educators and practitioners in public relations. It can be used as a course text in graduate research seminars, and also as a supplemental text in courses addressing gender issues in PR. It serves as a useful guide for young practitioners entering the profession, and provides critical insights for public relations managers.
Women in Rock, Women in Romanticism (Routledge Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Literature)
by Rovira JamesWomen in Rock, Women in Romanticism is the first book-length work to explore the interrelationships between contemporary female musicians and eighteenth- and nineteenth-century art, music, and literature by women and men. The music and videos of contemporary musicians including Erykah Badu, Beyoncé, The Carters, Hélène Cixous, Missy Elliot, the Indigo Girls, Janet Jackson, Janis Joplin (and Big Brother and the Holding Company), Natalie Merchant, Joni Mitchell, Janelle Monáe, Alanis Morrisette, Siouxsie Sioux, Patti Smith, St. Vincent (Annie Clark), and Alice Walker are explored through the lenses of pastoral and Afropresentism, Gothic, female Gothic, and the literature of William Blake, Beethoven, Arthur Schopenhauer, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Charlotte Dacre, Ralph Waldo Emerson, E.T.A. Hoffmann, Ann Radcliffe, William Shakespeare, Mary Shelley, her husband Percy Shelley, Henry David Thoreau, Horace Walpole, Jane Williams, Mary Wollstonecraft, and William Wordsworth to explore how each sheds light on the other, and how women have appropriated, responded to, and been inspired by the work of authors from previous centuries.
Women in Roman Republican Drama
by Dorota Dutsch Sharon L. James David KonstanLatin plays were written for audiences whose gender perspectives and expectations were shaped by life in Rome, and the crowds watching the plays included both female citizens and female slaves. Relationships between men and women, ideas of masculinity and femininity, the stock characters of dowered wife and of prostitute all of these are frequently staged in Roman tragedies and comedies. This is the first book to confront directly the role of women in Roman Republican plays of all genres, as well as to examine the role of gender in the influence of this tradition on later dramatists from Shakespeare to Sondheim. "
Women in Scripture: A Dictionary of Named and Unnamed Women in the Hebrew Bible, the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books and the New Testament
by Carol Meyers Toni Craven Ross S. Kraemer&“This splendid reference describes every woman in Jewish and Christian scripture . . . monumental&” (Library Journal). In recent decades, many biblical scholars have studied the holy text with a new focus on gender. Women in Scripture is a groundbreaking work that provides Jews, Christians, or anyone fascinated by a body of literature that has exerted a singular influence on Western civilization a thorough look at every woman and group of women mentioned in the Bible, whether named or unnamed, well known or heretofore not known at all. They are remarkably varied—from prophets to prostitutes, military heroines to musicians, deacons to dancers, widows to wet nurses, rulers to slaves. There are familiar faces, such as Eve, Judith, and Mary, seen anew with the full benefit of the most up-to-date results of biblical scholarship. But the most innovative aspect of this book is the section devoted to the many females who in the scriptures do not even have names. Combining rigorous research with engaging prose, these articles on women in the Hebrew Bible, the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, and the New Testament will inform, delight, and challenge readers interested in the Bible, scholars and laypeople alike. Together, these collected histories create a volume that takes the study of women in the Bible to a new level.
Women in Social Semiotics and SFL: Making a Difference (Routledge Studies in Linguistics)
by Eva Maagerø Ruth Mulvad Elise Seip TønnessenThis book showcases interviews with nine women who have made pioneering contributions to social semiotics and systemic functional linguistics (SFL), highlighting how these women have taken the discipline into new and innovative directions, and the enduring impact of their work. The volume features interviews with a generation of scholars inspired by the prominent linguists Michael Halliday and Ruqaiya Hasan in Sydney, reflecting on their achievements in the advancement of theory, knowledge, and practical application as well as the establishment of research centers in different parts of the world. A consistent interview format helps to illustrate the different directions the work of these scholars has taken and their different takes on key concepts to the discipline such as register, genre, text and context, and multimodality. Taken together, the interviews offer insights into key strands of social semiotic and SFL scholarship and give inspiration toward moving the field into new theoretical and applied directions. Reflecting on the groundbreaking work of renowned women scholars in social semiotics and SFL and their continued global impact, this book will be key reading for students and scholars in these fields, as well as those in the areas of language pedagogy, literacy, and multimodality.
Women in the Eighteenth Century: Constructions of Femininity (World and Word)
by Vivien JonesThis anthology gathers together various texts by and about women, ranging from `conduct' manuals to pamphlets on prostitution, from medical texts to critical definitions of women's writing, from anti-female satires to appeals for female equality. By making this material more widely available, Women in the Eighteenth Century complements the current upsurge in feminist writing on eighteenth-century literary history and offers students the opportunity to make their own rereadings of literary texts and their ideological contexts.
Women in the Metropolis: Gender and Modernity in Weimar Culture (Weimar and Now: German Cultural Criticism #11)
by Katharina von AnkumBringing together the work of scholars in many disciplines, Women in the Metropolis provides a comprehensive introduction to women's experience of modernism and urbanization in Weimar Germany. It shows women as active participants in artistic, social, and political movements and documents the wide range of their responses to the multifaceted urban culture of Berlin in the 1920s and 1930s.Examining a variety of media ranging from scientific writings to literature and the visual arts, the authors trace gendered discourses as they developed to make sense of and regulate emerging new images of femininity. Besides treating classic films such as Metropolis and Berlin: Symphony of a Great City, the articles discuss other forms of mass culture, including the fashion industry and the revue performances of Josephine Baker. Their emphasis on women's critical involvement in the construction of their own modernity illustrates the significance of the Weimar cultural experience and its relevance to contemporary gender, German, film, and cultural studies.
Women in the Seventeenth-Century Quaker Community: A Literary Study of Political Identities, 1650–1700 (Women and Gender in the Early Modern World)
by Catie GillFocussing on Quaker pamphlet literature of the commonwealth and restoration period, Catie Gill seeks to explore and explain women’s presence as activists, writers, and subjects within the early Quaker movement. Women in the Seventeenth-Century Quaker Community draws on contemporary resources such as prophetic writing, prison narratives, petitions, and deathbed testimonies to produce an account of women’s involvement in the shaping of this religious movement. The book reveals that, far from being of marginal importance, women were able to exploit the terms in which Quaker identity was constructed to create roles for themselves, in public and in print, that emphasised their engagement with Friends’ religious and political agenda. Gill’s evidence suggests that women were able to mobilise contemporary notions of femininity when pursuing active roles as prophets, martyrs, mothers, and political activists. The book’s focus on collective, Quaker identities, which arises from its analysis of multiple-authored texts, is key to its claims that gender issues have to be considered when analysing the sect’s emergent system of values, and Gill assesses the representation of women in male-authored texts in addition to female writers’ attitudes to agency. A bibliography that, for the first time, lists men and women’s involvement as contributors as well as authors to Quaker pamphlets provides a valuable resource for scholars of seventeenth-century radicalism.
Women in Their Speech Communities
by Jennifer Coates and Deborah CameronThis collection of essays presents a picture of research on women and language in Britain. The contributors cover a range of British speech communities, linguistic events and settings using approaches from sociolinguistics and discourse analysis.
Women in Transit through Literary Liminal Spaces
by Teresa Gomez Reus Terry GiffordThis edited book provides a unique opportunity for international scholars to contribute to the exploration of liminality in the field of Anglo-American literature written by or about women between the Victorian period and the Second World War.
Women in Transition: Crossing Boundaries, Crossing Borders (Routledge Studies in Comparative Literature)
by Maria-José Blanco and Claire WilliamsThis volume brings together scholars, students and writers as well as artists from around the world. By choosing a thematic focus on "transition" in women’s lives, we present research on women who have crossed biological, geopolitical and political borders as well as emotional, sexual, cultural and linguistic boundaries. The international approach brings together different cultures and genres in order to emphasize the links and connections that bind women together, rather than those which separate them. The chapters consider the ways in which the changes and transitions women undergo influence the world we live in. We are particularly interested in the idea of crossing borders and how this influences identity and belonging, and the theme of crossing boundaries in the context of motherhood as well as sexual orientation. The topic is timely given the waves of migration all around the world in recent times. The contributors deal with issues central to contemporary life, such as gender equality and women’s empowerment, as well as understanding women’s identities and being sensitive to fluid concepts of gender and sexuality.
Women in Wartime: Theatrical Representations in the Long Eighteenth Century
by Paula R. BackscheiderA revelatory history of the characters that playwrights and managers created out of the real lives of women in intimate relationships with military men to serve Great Britain's greatest needs during the war-saturated eighteenth century.During the long eighteenth century, Great Britain was almost continuously at war. As the era unfolded, the theatre gradually discovered the potential in having actresses, recently introduced to the stage in the 1660s, perform as wartime women characters. As playwrights and managers began casting women in transformative roles to meet each major national need, female characters came to be central figures in bringing the war home to the nation, transforming them into deeply patriotic British subjects.Paula Backscheider's Women in Wartime is the first study of theatrical representations of women with intimate connections to military men. Drawing upon her extensive expertise in gender, performance studies, popular culture, and archival studies, Backscheider traces the rise of the London theatre's acceptance that one of its responsibilities was to support its country's wars. Rather than focusing on the historical, mythical "warrior women" on the battlefield who have been much studied, Backscheider explores the lives and work of sweethearts, wives, mothers, sisters, barmaids, provision sellers, seaport prostitutes, and more, whose relationships to active-duty men made them recruits, volunteers, or even conscripts. They represent a distinct group of thousands of real women, and the actresses who portrayed them gave performances of change, struggle, celebration, mourning, survival, love, and patriotism. Backscheider explicates more than fifty plays—from main pieces, short farces, interludes, afterpieces, and comic operas to entr'actes, pantomimes, and even masques—as both entertainment and as ideological and propagandistic vehicles in times of severe crises. She also reveals how these works, many written by men with military experience, attest to the context of difficult, inescapable realities and momentous needs. Through the debunking of sexual stereotypes and attention to audience-pleasing roles such as impoverished-wife and breeches parts, Backscheider adds a dimension to theatrical history that substantially contributes to women's and military histories. Women in Wartime demonstrates the startling acuity and prescience of the repertoire in responding to the war-steeped culture of the period.
Women Journalists in South Africa: Democracy in the Age of Social Media (Palgrave Studies in Journalism and the Global South)
by Glenda Daniels Kate SkinnerThis edited collection examines women journalists’ experiences and obstacles in South Africa’s (SA) democracy. They exercise power, and add a vital diversity, but they are routinely harassed in the online social media space of big tech companies such as Twitter and Facebook by populist and corrupt politicians and their supporters. Using SA as the case study, this book examines attempts to curb women journalists’ freedom combining theory and first-hand accounts. The target audience for the book includes scholars of political philosophy, gender, media, communications, NGOs, media freedom activists and journalists.
Women, Language and Linguistics: Three American Stories from the First Half of the Twentieth Century (Routledge Studies in the History of Linguistics)
by Julia S. FalkRather than the standard American story of an increasingly triumphant march of scientific inquiry towards structural phonology, Women, Language and Linguistics reveals linguistics where its purpose was communication; the appeal of languages lay in their diversity; and the authority of language lay in its speakers and writers. Julia S Falk explores the vital part which women have played in preserving a linguistics based on the reality and experience of language; this book finally brings to light a neglected perspective for those working in linguistics and the history of linguistics.
Women, Language and Politics
by Sylvia ShawThis book addresses the problem of the underrepresentation of women in politics, by examining how language use constructs and maintains inequality in political institutions. Drawing on different political genres from televised debates to parliamentary question times, and fifty interviews with politicians between 1998 and 2018, the book identifies the barriers and obstacles women face by considering how gender stereotypes constrain women's participation, and give them additional burdens. By comparing the UK House of Commons with newer institutions such as the Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, and the Northern Ireland Assembly, it asks: how successful have newer institutions been in encouraging equal participation? What are the interactional procedures that can be thought of as making an institution more egalitarian? It also explores the workings and effects of sexism, fraternal networks, high visibility in the media, and gendered discourses, through detailed case studies of Theresa May, Julia Gillard and Hillary Clinton.