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International Law, Us Power
by Shirley V. ScottObservers of the USA's attitude towards international law seem to be perpetually taken aback by its actions, whether those relate to the use of force, the International Criminal Court or human rights. This book sets out to articulate the considerable degree of continuity in the nature of US engagement with international law. International Law, US Power explains that the USA has throughout its history pursued a quest for defensive and offensive legal security and that this was a key ingredient in the rise of the USA. Although skilful strategic involvement with international law was an ingredient in the USA 'winning' the Cold War, the rise of China and the growing negotiating strength of leading developing countries mean that the USA is likely to find it increasingly difficult to use the same set of techniques in the future.
International Law's Collected Stories (Palgrave Studies in International Relations)
by Sofia Stolk Renske VosThis edited volume presents a collection of stories that experiment with different ways of looking at international law. By using different literary lenses -namely, storytelling, the novel, the drama, the collage, the self-portrait, and the museum- the authors shed light on elements of international law that usually remain unseen or unheard and expose the limits of what international law can do. We inquire into who the storytellers of international law are, the stages on which they tell their stories, and who are absent in these tales. We present it as a collection: a set of different essays that more or less deal with the same subject matter. Alternatively, we would like to call it a potpourri of stories, since the diversity of topics and approaches is eclectic and unconventional. By placing multiple perspectives alongside each other we aim to compare and contrast, to allow for second thoughts, and to rediscover. In doing so, we engage with the ambiguities of international law’s characters and spaces, and with the worldviews they reflect and worlds they create.
International Legal English: A Practical Introduction for Students and Professionals
by Rupert HaighEnglish is the dominant language of international business relations, and a good working knowledge of the language is essential for today’s legal or business professional. This book provides a highly practical approach to the use of English in commercial legal contexts, and covers crucial law terminology and legal concepts. Written with the needs of both students and practitioners in mind, this book is particularly suitable for readers whose first language is not English but need to use English on a regular basis in legal contexts. The book covers both written and verbal legal communication in typical legal situations in a straightforward manner. In addition to chapters on the grammar and punctuation utilised in legal writing, the book features sections on contract-drafting and the language used in negotiations, meetings and telephone conversations. It features a companion website which contains exercises covering the majority of the topics covered in the book’s chapters. This edition thoroughly revises and expands the content of the companion website and contains updated examples, more detailed explanations of problematic areas and an expanded section on writing law essays.
An International Legal Framework for Geoengineering: Managing the Risks of an Emerging Technology (Routledge Research in International Environmental Law)
by Haomiao DuGeoengineering provides new possibilities for humans to deal with dangerous climate change and its effects but at the same time creates new risks to the planet. This book responds to the challenges geoengineering poses to International Law by identifying and developing the rules and principles that are aimed at controlling the risks to the environment and human health arising from geoengineering activities, without neglecting the contribution that geoengineering could make in preventing dangerous climate change and its impacts. It argues first that the employment of geoengineering should not cause significant environmental harm to the areas beyond the jurisdiction of the state of origin or the global commons, and the risk of causing such harm should be minimized or controlled. Second, the potential of geoengineering in contributing to preventing dangerous climate change should not be downplayed.
The International Legal Governance of the Human Genome (Genetics and Society)
by Chamundeeswari KuppuswamyThe human genome is a well known symbol of scientific and technological progress in the twenty-first century. However, concerns about the exacerbation of inequalities between the rich and the poor, the developing and the developed states, the healthy and the unhealthy are causing problems for the progress of scientific research. The international community is moving towards a human rights approach in addressing these concerns. Such an approach will be piecemeal and ineffective so long as fundamental issues about economic, social and cultural rights, the so-called second generation of human rights, are not addressed. This book argues that, in order to be able to meaningfully apply a human rights framework to the governance of the human genome, the international human rights framework should be based on a unified theory of human rights where the distinction between positive and negative rights is set aside. The book constructs a common heritage concept with the right to development at its core and explores the content of the right to development through rational human rights theory. It is argued that the notion of property rights in the human genome should be placed within the context of protecting human rights, including the right to development. The concept of common heritage of humanity, contrary to the widely held belief that it is in opposition to patenting of gene sequences, supports human rights-based conceptions of property rights. This book fills a gap in the literature on international legal governance of the human genome will provide an essential reference point for research into the right to development, development issues in bioethics, the role of international institutions in law making and research governance.
The International Legal Order in Global Governance: Norms, Power and Policy
by Alain GermeauxThe space occupied by international law in shaping political action is subject to continuing debate and controversy. This book aims to answer the question of how and why international law impacts the behaviour of actors on the international stage in the absence of central authority and faced with asymmetric power. At a time when the role of normative restraints in international relations, and international law in particular, has come under renewed questioning, it advances an analytical framework for understanding the effect of norms on behaviour that is not contingent on material restraints or a given political constellation, while being informed by the practical realities and practice of international organisation. In doing so, this book draws on an interdisciplinary range of sources, including international law, political theory, cognitive psychology and behavioural economics to explore a communicative action-based approach of how norms and ideas persuade actors to engage in a course of action consonant with international law to achieve a particular outcome. In probing the role of norms on questions such as the use of force and accountability, and issues of equity and justice, it examines the challenges international law faces and what the way forward may look like.
International Legal Personality (The\library Of Essays In International Law Ser.)
by Fleur JohnsWho or what is entitled to act on the international plane? Where should responsibility for violations of international law lie? What sort of entities are capable of possessing international legal rights? What is the status of individuals, minority groups, non-governmental bodies, international organisations and animals in the international legal order and how has their status shifted over time? International Legal Personality contains fourteen articles that address these and related questions. In historical and contemporary writings, international lawyers grapple with the nature of legal identity, and confront global distributions of authority and responsibility, as they explore who or what is a 'person' in the international legal order. These essays document the emergence of an international legal order increasingly conceived in terms of patterns and probabilities, rather than as the stagecraft of a small company of permanent players.
International Legal Theory: Foundations and Frontiers
by Jeffrey L. Dunoff Mark A. PollackOver the past decades international affairs have been increasingly legalized. International law has dramatically expanded into new fields and taken on new challenges. Despite this development, there has been little in-depth scholarship on what impact these changes have had on the field of international legal theory, how it is taught, and where it is going. This volume investigates the major developments in the field and explores the core assumptions and concepts, analytical tools, and key challenges associated with different approaches. An outstanding team of legal academics provides an accessible overview of competing theoretical movements, and a more in-depth understanding of the strengths, preoccupations, insights, and limits of those schools of thought. The contributions provide an authoritative account of current thinking about the theoretical foundations of contemporary international law and will serve as an indispensable resource for students, scholars, and practitioners.
International Legal Theory: Essays and engagements, 1966-2006 (Routledge Research in International Law)
by Nicholas OnufNicholas Onuf’s International Legal Theory: Essays and Engagements 1966-2007 is a collection of the author’s articles and book reviews from the period, including some previously unpublished material. The book records the author’s efforts to address important problems in international legal theory and to engage other scholars who were also addressing these problems. As well as demonstrating Onuf’s own constructivist contribution to the theoretical dimension of international law and international relations, each piece is preceded by a short introduction which highlights the wider themes and developments which have occurred in the field of international law in the last forty years.
International Liability Regime for Biodiversity Damage: The Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol (Routledge Research in International Environmental Law)
by Akiho ShibataThe Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol on Liability and Redress to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, adopted on 15 October 2010 in Nagoya, Japan, provides an international liability regime for biodiversity damage caused by living modified organisms (LMOs). Its adoption marks a significant development in the legal design for international environmental liability regimes, as it incorporates for the first time in global treaties an administrative approach to liability. This book examines the Supplementary Protocol from both practitioner and academic perspectives. In its three parts the book explores the historical development, legal significances, and future implementation of the core provisions of the Supplementary Protocol, focusing specifically on its incorporation of an administrative approach to liability for biodiversity damage and its relation to civil liability. Contributors to the volume include Co-Chairs of the negotiating group and the negotiators and advisors from some of the key negotiating Parties, offering valuable insights into the difficult-to-read provisions of the Supplementary Protocol. The book demonstrates the significant changes in the political configuration of environmental treaty negotiations which have come about in the twenty-first century, and argues that the liability approach of the Supplementary Protocol has important implications for future development of international liability regimes under international environmental law.
International Marine Environmental Law and Policy
by Daud Hassan Saiful KarimSeveral disturbing issues pose a threat to the marine environment and its wellbeing, among them marine environmental pollution and degradation of marine biodiversity. Most troubling is that these issues are overwhelmingly caused by human activities which are sometimes transboundary, and their consequences will become more severe and complicated if not properly curbed. Thus, these activities require comprehensive policies, laws, and principles to manage them effectively. Linked to these solutions is the need for responsibilities, cooperation and commitments at local, national, regional and international levels. Contemporary Marine Environmental Law and Policy presents a thorough appraisal of the main issues, actors and institutions engaged in the legal aspects of marine environmental conservation. With contributions from an international range of authors, the book provides a concise account of the legal and policy framework underlying international marine environmental issues, and of the fundamental concepts and strategies that are important to the protection of the marine environment. Some of the topics explored include: the prevention of marine pollution caused by land based activities, ships, and offshore hydrocarbon and mineral resources exploration; the conservation and management of marine living resources; the marine environment in the polar regions; and the settlement of marine environmental disputes. This book provides a solid foundation for anyone studying International Environmental Law and the Law of the Sea. It will also appeal to anyone seeking to gain a deeper understanding of this hugely important subject.
International Marine Mammal Law
by Nikolas SellheimInternational Marine Mammal Law is a comprehensive, introductory volume on the legal regimes governing the conservation and utilisation of marine mammals. Written as a textbook, it provides basic overviews of international conservation law, which enable the reader to understand the greater implications of governance of a specific group of species. Paired with biological information on some marine mammal species, the international regimes for whales, seals and polar bears are explored — either as part of global regimes of international environmental governance or as regimes that were specifically designed for them. The book concludes with outlooks on the future of international marine mammal law, particularly in light of Japan’s withdrawal from the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling in July 2019.
International Maritime Conventions: The Carriage of Goods and Passengers by Sea (Maritime and Transport Law Library)
by Francesco BerlingieriFor the first time, this unique text brings together all private international maritime law conventions alongside expert commentary and analysis. Truly global in approach, the book covers each of the nineteen conventions currently in force, all scrutinised by this internationally-acclaimed author. It also examines important maritime conventions not yet in force, including the topical Rotterdam Rules. Split into three convenient volumes, this comprehensive resource provides a thorough treatment of both wet and dry shipping treaties, combining breadth of coverage with depth of analysis. In this first volume, the author covers conventions dealing with the Carriage of Goods and Passengers by Sea, in particular: - International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading, 1924 and its Protocol of 1968 and 1979 (Hague-Visby Rules) - United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea, 1978 (Hamburg Rules) - United Nations Convention on the International Carriage of Goods wholly or Partly by Sea, 2008 (Rotterdam Rules) - Athens Convention Relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea, 1974 as amended by its Protocol of 2002 (Athens Convention) This book is an indispensable reference for maritime lawyers, academics and students of maritime law worldwide.
International Maritime Conventions: Protection of the Marine Environment (Maritime and Transport Law Library)
by Francesco BerlingieriFor the first time, this unique text brings together all private international maritime law conventions alongside expert commentary and analysis. Truly global in approach, the book covers each of the nineteen conventions currently in force, all scrutinised by this internationally-acclaimed author. It also examines important maritime conventions not yet fully ratified, including the topical Rotterdam Rules. This comprehensive resource provides a thorough treatment of both wet and dry shipping treaties, combining breadth of coverage with depth of analysis. In this third volume, the author covers the key conventions dealing with pollution and safety at sea. In particular, the author covers the following instruments: International Convention relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties, 1969 and Protocol of 1973 International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation, 1990 (OPRC Convention) with its Protocol of 2000 (OPRC-HNS Protocol) International Convention for the prevention of pollution from ships (MARPOL) and protocol of 1978 International Convention for the Safety of life at sea, 1974 (SOLAS) Convention on the prevention of marine pollution by dumping of wastes and other matters, 1972 as amended by the protocol of 1996 International Convention for the control and management of ship’s ballast water and sediments, 2004 International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978 Nairobi International Convention on removal of wrecks 18 may 2007 Port state control: the Paris Memorandum of Understanding and the European Directive 2009/16 EC European Traffic Monitoring and Information System International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1992 (CLC 1992) International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1992, as amended by its Protocol of 2000 and its Supplementary Protocol of 2003 (the Fund Convention) International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001 International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996 This book is an indispensable reference for maritime lawyers, academics and students of maritime law worldwide.
International Maritime Conventions: Navigation, Securities, Limitation of Liability and Jurisdiction (Maritime and Transport Law Library)
by Francesco BerlingieriFor the first time, this unique text brings together all private international maritime law conventions alongside expert commentary and analysis. Truly global in approach, the book covers each of the nineteen conventions currently in force, all scrutinised by this internationally-acclaimed author. It also examines important maritime conventions not yet fully ratified, including the topical Rotterdam Rules. This comprehensive resource provides a thorough treatment of both wet and dry shipping treaties, combining breadth of coverage with depth of analysis. In this second volume, the author covers the key conventions dealing with collision, salvage, maritime liens and mortgages, arrest of ships, and limitation of liability. In particular, the author covers: International Convention for the unification of Certain Rules of Law with respect to Collision between Vessels, 1910 International Convention on certain Rules Concerning Civil Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision, 1952 International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to Penal Jurisdiction in Matters of Collision or Other Incidents of Navigation, 1952 International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Assistance and Salvage at Sea, 1910 International Convention on Salvage, 1989 International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to Maritime Liens and Mortgages, 1926 International Convention on Maritime Liens and Mortgages 1993 International Convention relating to the Arrest of Sea-Going Ships, 1952 International Convention on Arrest of Ships, 1999 International Convention Relating to the Limitation of Liability of Owners of Sea-Going Ships, 1957 and Protocol of 21 December 1979 International Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976 and Protocol of 1996 This book is an indispensable reference for maritime lawyers, academics and students of maritime law worldwide.
International Maritime Labour Law
by Laura Carballo PiñeiroThis book focuses on maritime employment from a private international law perspective. The first chapter analyzes the background against which international jurisdiction and conflict of laws rules are drawn up and examines uniform law in this context, in particular the 2006 Maritime Labour Convention and the 2007 ILO Convention No. 188 on Work in Fishing. The second chapter addresses international jurisdiction issues as regards individual employment contracts, while also exploring other issues (e. g. insolvency-related and social security matters) that are subsequently revisited in the third chapter while discussing conflict of laws issues related to said contracts. In turn, chapter four focuses on collective labour relations and private international law, i. e. collective agreements, strikes and other forms of collective action and information, and on the participation rights of employees in business matters.
International Maritime Law and Practice: Comparative Law in Context (Maritime and Transport Law Library)
by Časlav PejovićThis book provides a different perspective on the ever-popular topic of maritime law, emphasising historical and comparative aspects. It provides the reader with a broader view of how maritime law has developed throughout history and operates within various legal systems. Each chapter starts with historical development, meticulously explaining the development of various maritime law concepts to enable a higher level of understanding in the contemporary context.The text adopts a comprehensive comparative approach that has two segments. One segment is related to the coverage of several major maritime jurisdictions. Focusing mainly on English law, it also provides selected legislation and essential case law information from several other jurisdictions (US, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, China, etc), many of which are not easily accessible in English. The other relates to the comparison between common law and civil law on a general level.This book will be of significant interest to lawyers working in shipping companies, law firms specializing in shipping, international organizations related to shipping and maritime law, and international traders. It also provides invaluable aid to shipmasters and ship officers, empowering them with the knowledge to effectively deal with various maritime law issues in their professional activities. The book's content will be of direct relevance to maritime law scholars and students, enhancing their understanding of this complex field.
International Maritime Law from the Russian Perspective: A Comprehensive Guide for Shipmasters, Lawyers and Cadets
by Vasiliy GutsulyakThis book is one of the most comprehensive guides to international maritime law from the Russian perspective. It consists of three relatively independent sections: Russian Maritime Law, International Public Maritime Law, and International Private Maritime Law.°First section discusses the development of the maritime law as a branch of the Russian law. It examines concepts and sources of the Russian federal laws, secondary legislation and customs, including the influences guiding the future of Russian law of the sea.°The second section examines International Public Maritime Law including the principles, sources, subjects, as well legal status of the vessel, including the vessel's state flag, her name, state registration, the problem of "flags of convenience", vessel's documents, the crew, and the master. This section further details the current international legal regime of maritime spaces, provisions concerning legal protection of marine environments, ensuring navigation safety, international legal regulation of the work of seamen, international inter-governmental marine organizations, and settlement of international public marine disputes.°The third section is devoted to International Private Maritime Law and discusses its principles and sources, conflict-of-law rules, structure and types, and the main choice-of-law principles used today in international private maritime law. This section also discusses the following institutions and sub-branches within international private maritime law including: carriage of cargoes and passengers by sea, general average, salvage, collisions of vessels, marine insurance, limitation of liability, international non-governmental maritime organizations, and settlement of international private marine disputes.
The International Maritime Organisation: Volume 1 (Routledge Revivals)
by Samir MankabadyOriginally published in 1984, this book provides a survey of the shipping rules adopted under the auspices of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) during the latter part of the 20th Century. Its scope is wide-ranging, and, since the measures adopted by the IMO cover a great variety of disciplines, the papers in this book are written with clarity and authority by a number of experts
The International Maritime Organisation: Volume 2: Accidents at Sea (Routledge Revivals)
by Samir MankabadyOriginally published in 1987, this book provides a comprehensive manual to the international law governing accidents at sea during the 1980s. It is a complementary study to International Maritime Organisation, now recognised as a standard work on this UN agency. Among the subjects covered in Part 1 are: reporting and investigation of accidents; accidents caused by collision; civil and criminal liability; accidents caused by non-marking wrecks. Part 2 deals with the consequences of accidents and contains a considerable body of law and regulations on oil and chemical pollution, salvage and personal injury
International Measurement of Disability
by Barbara M. AltmanThis volume provides an informed review of the accomplishments of the Washington Group on Disability Statistics (WG) in the provision of international data and statistics on disability. It does so within the context of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The volume includes a description of the development and testing of a short set of questions for Censuses, now used in approximately 29 countries and recommended in the U. N. 's Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses: The 2020 Round, which includes disability as a core topic to be collected in censuses. It discusses the experiences of several countries on the use of the WG questions and how this has impacted on national agendas in the area of disability. It follows the development and testing of an extended set of questions for use in national surveys other than censuses and examines the challenges of translation and the importance of generating comparable question sets in different languages and within different cultures. It studies the examination of cognitive testing techniques in a variety of countries, and presents the results of the first round of censuses in 2010 in countries using the six question set. The volume includes discussions of the new development of question modules on a broad range of child disability and functioning, and the environmental contexts of participation that are part of the current work of the WG. In addition, it contains a reflection on the use of the WG's functionality approach to identifying disabilities by humanitarian agencies to identify disabilities in populations of displaced persons. A thoughtful conclusion addresses what the development of cross-nationally comparable data can mean for the improvement of circumstances for all persons with disabilities.
International Migration
by Susan F. MartinStates have long been wary of putting international migration on the global agenda. As an issue that defines sovereignty - that is, who enters and remains on a state's territory - international migration has called for protection of national prerogatives and unilateral actions. However, since the end of World War I, governments have sought ways to address various aspects of international migration in a collaborative manner. This book examines how these efforts to increase international cooperation have evolved from the early twentieth century to the present. The scope encompasses all of the components of international migration: labor migration, family reunification, refugees, human trafficking and smuggling, and newly emerging forms of displacement (including movements likely to result from global climate change). The final chapter assesses the progress (and lack thereof) in developing an international migration regime and makes recommendations towards strengthening international cooperation in this area.
International Migration and Global Justice (Law and Migration)
by Satvinder JussHow should international law approach the critical issue of movement of peoples in the 21st century? This book presents a radical reappraisal of this controversial problem. Challenging present-day ideas of restrictions on freedom of movement and the international structure that controls entry to states, it argues for a new blueprint for international migration policy that eliminates waste, aids both developing and developed societies and brings attendant benefits to voluntary migrants and involuntary refugees alike. In a world of increasing disorder, it is suggested that current policy only adds to international instability and threatens the interests of a functional global community.
International Migration and Human Rights: The Global Repercussions of U.S. Policy
by Samuel MartínezThis book contains essays divided into four sections, each section developing a different angle on the repercussions of U.S. policy for the rights of migrants at different points in history and in various parts of the world.
International Migration and the Law: Legal Approaches to a Global Challenge (Routledge-Giappichelli Studies in Law)
by Giovanni Cellamare Ida Caracciolo Pietro Gargiulo Angela Di StasiThis book discusses existing and future trends concerning the development of migratory policies between local and global levels, to understand the challenges and gaps in the protection of migrants. The collection explores international migration and its impact on sovereignty, international cooperation, security, and human rights. In particular, it takes into account the composite framework of international and national rules, and the role of judicial and monitoring bodies in protecting the rights of migrants, with the aim of assessing the state of the art, identifying the gaps, and formulating possible remedies. The work of some international organizations such as the UN and its specialized agencies and the European Union is investigated, together with a set of regional practices such as those of Latin America and South-East Asia, and countries, such as Mexico, Georgia, Tunisia, Italy, and the United States. The issues of the fundamental rights of migrants in the European legal order are also addressed, including the emerging scenarios related to recent crises like the one generated by the war in Ukraine. This timely collection will be essential reading for academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the areas of Migration Law, Asylum and Refugee Law, International Law, International Organizations, EU Law, International Human Rights Law, International Humanitarian Law, Comparative Law and Socio-Legal Studies.