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Legal Developments During 30 Years of Lithuanian Independence: Overview of Legal Accomplishments and Challenges in Lithuania
by Gintaras Švedas Donatas MurauskasThis volume provides an overview of selected major areas of legal and institutional development in Lithuania since the Restoration of Independence in 1990. The respective chapters discuss changes in fields varying from the constitutional framework to criminal law and procedure. The content highlights four major aspects of the fundamental changes that have affected the entire legal system: the Post-Soviet country’s complex historical heritage; socio-political and other conditions in the process of adopting new (rule of law) standards; international legal influences on the national legal order over the past 30 years; and finally, the search for entirely new national legal models.Over a period of 30 years since gaining its independence from the Soviet Union, Lithuania has undergone unique social changes. The state restarted its independent journey burdened by the complicated heritage of the Soviet legal system. Some major reforms have taken place swiftly, while others have required years of thorough analysis of societal needs and the search for optimal examples in other states. The legal system is now substantially different, with some elements being entirely new, and others adapted to present needs.
Legal Developments on Cybersecurity and Related Fields (Law, Governance and Technology Series #60)
by Francisco António Carneiro Pacheco de Andrade Pedro Miguel Fernandes Freitas Joana Rita de Sousa Covelo de AbreuThis book presents a fresh approach to cybersecurity issues, seeking not only to analyze the legal landscape of the European Union and its Member States, but to do so in an interdisciplinary manner, involving scholars from diverse backgrounds – ranging from legal experts to ICT and engineering professionals.Cybersecurity requirements must be understood in a broader context, encompassing not just conventional aspects, but also emerging topics. This can only be achieved through an interdisciplinary approach. Indeed, cybersecurity should be consistently considered in relation to cybercrime and/or cyber defense, while examining it through the lens of specific domains that are intertwined with various legal fields. Moreover, it is crucial to uphold ethical standards and safeguard fundamental rights, particularly regarding personal data protection.By adopting this comprehensive perspective, the significance of cybersecurity in the exercise of public authority becomes apparent. It also plays an essential role in upholding the fundamental values of both individual Member States and the EU as a whole, such as the rule of law. Moreover, it fosters trust, transparency, and effectiveness in market relations and public administration interactions.In turn, the book draws on the expertise of its authors to provide insights into ICT components and technologies. Understanding these elements holistically is essential to viewing every "cyber" phenomenon from a legal standpoint. In addition to the holistic and interdisciplinary approach it presents, the book offers a captivating exploration of cybersecurity and an engaging read for anyone interested in the field.
Legal Document Preparation Manual: FOR PARALEGAL CERTIFICATE COURSE©
by Scott A. HatchThis book is designed to be used in conjunction with the Paralegal Certificate Course' and other paralegal studies courses to quickly and efficiently prepare paralegals. The notes and samples are designed to reinforce course lesson materials, and to help the student learn to apply the concepts and practical skills necessary for a successful paralegal career. Please note that any examples provided are for instructional purposes only and may not reflect proper formatting guidelines for all jurisdictions. As always, check your local rules of court for exact document specifications and filing requirements.
Legal Document Production
by Nancy Creel Smith Tracy Rives JohnstonThis combination book/workbook/reference provides a well-rounded overview of the procedures to follow in producing legal documents in six areas of law, general legal correspondence, and miscellaneous documents. Readers gain hands-on experience formatting and producing documents using any software package, word processor, electronic typewriter, or standard typewriter. The book provides a realistic approach to the procedural process required in the court system; features a wide variety of hands-on projects that focus on the documents themselves-- i. e. , the projects are suitable for any word processing software used with a computer, electronic typewriter, word processor, or standard typewriter; includes projects that highlight the documents from a variety of states, including specific features of California, Florida, Illinois, New York, Ohio, Texas, Virginia.
Legal Dynamics of EU External Relations
by Henri De WaeleLayered Global Player offers a concise but thorough overview of the principles of EU external relations law. By closely examining the role of the European Union on the global scene, it aims to provide a systematic overview of the relevant rules and competences, reflecting the legal developments in their historical and political context. The book contains up-to-date analyses of topics such as the Common Foreign and Security Policy, the Common Security and Defence Policy and the Common Commercial Policy. Moreover, it devotes specific attention to the EU's external powers with regard to the environment, fundamental human rights and development cooperation. It also includes a dedicated chapter exploring the relations with neighbouring countries, as well as one that elucidates the complex interplay between rules of domestic, European and international provenance. Overall, this book couples an innovative design with comprehensive coverage and an engaging style of writing. Its compactness and accessibility enable readers to master the main features of this dynamic field of law with ease, making it an indispensible resource for scholars and practitioners alike.
Legal Dynamics of EU External Relations: Dissecting a Layered Global Player (Springer Textbooks in Law)
by Henri de WaeleThis volume offers a concise yet thorough picture of the principles of EU external relations law. By carefully examining the role of the Union on the global scene, it aims to provide a systematic overview of the relevant rules and competences, reflecting on the legal developments in their political and societal context. The book contains up-to-date analyses of inter alia the Common Foreign and Security Policy, the Common Security and Defence Policy and the Common Commercial Policy. Moreover, it devotes specific attention to the EU's external powers as regard the environment, fundamental rights and development cooperation. In addition, it includes a dedicated chapter exploring the relations with neighbouring countries, as well as one that elucidates the complex interplay between rules of domestic, European and international provenance. One of the work’s key assets is how reflections on the law are interwoven with, and supplemented by, insights from adjacent disciplines like international studies, political science, and public administration. The third edition, like its predecessors, continues to have an undergraduate readership in mind. The inclusion of chapter overviews, clarifying boxes, and countless topical examples should prove extra enlightening for those audiences. The book managed to attract particular praise earlier for its lucid style and great accessibility. As before, its compact dimensions, transparent design and comprehensive approach should enable users to master the central features of this gripping field of law with ease. Newly appearing in the Springer Textbooks in Law series, it remains an invaluable resource for students and lecturers alike.
Legal Education Through an Indigenous Lens: Decolonising the Law School
by Heather Douglas Nicole WatsonThis book provides a comprehensive resource for accommodating and pursuing Indigenous perspectives in legal education.The book is divided into three sections. The first section highlights the continuing issues that Indigenous people face in law schools and universities, including the ongoing impacts of colonisation and intergenerational trauma, institutional racism and exclusion. This section also includes chapters that explore arguments for the recognition of Indigenous legal knowledge and of the impact of settler law, and the incorporation of Indigenous concepts, laws and ways of thinking about settler law across the curriculum. The second section explores how Indigenous ways of reading and thinking about settler law make a difference to how settler law is understood and interpreted. Contributors consider the power of storytelling and address the prospect of law’s decolonisation. The third section of the book grapples with how traditional law school subjects can be taught through an Indigenous lens, including torts, public law, criminal law and sentencing, clinical legal education, and native title. Throughout, the book demonstrates the importance of, and offers practical advice for, teaching law in a way that includes critical Indigenous perspectives.This book will be of enormous value to teachers, researchers, students in law, legal studies and Indigenous studies, and others with an interest in decolonising legal education.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
Legal Education and Legal Profession During and After COVID-19
by C. Raj Kumar S. G. SreejithThis edited volume records the amazing transformations brought about by leaders in legal education and legal profession. It captures experiences and experiments in the governance of law schools and legal profession during the COVID-19 pandemic as case studies; ideas which helped in resilience and which could show the way forward; the psychological, philosophical, and sociological aspects of the transformation; and the spiritual and material sources of motivation of the leadership. The contributions are along the following themes --- The shifting idea of law school: systems and processes; The “new normal” in legal profession; Psychological, philosophical, and sociological aspects of transformation; Experiences from global regions and countries; Legal education and legal profession in a post-COVID world. Through these five themes, and the eighteen contributions, the volume seeks to answer questions like --- how the educational and professional leaders adapted to the circumstances by building a “new normal”? How and to what extent their own legal education and professional experiences informed their actions during the Pandemic? How they re-imagined ambitions and reordered systems and processes? What type of guidance and support they received from the state and regulatory bodies? How they guaranteed the well-being of students, faculty, and staff during the Pandemic and the transition? How they upheld professional values and ethics when contexts of their application collapsed?
Legal Education and Legal Traditions: Selected Essays (SpringerBriefs in Environment, Security, Development and Peace #34)
by Myint ZanThis book deals with aspects of legal education and legal traditions. Part I includes chapters on teaching Law of the Sea, legal ethics and educating lawyers as ‘transaction cost engineers’ as well as comparison of teaching law in a refugee camp and in a Malaysian University. Part II on legal and philosophical traditions includes essays on what later philosophers would have commented on Plato’s arguments in the Crito regarding ‘absolute obligation to obey the law’ and what Socrates would have said on two conversations in the 19th century novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin regarding the morality and legality of harbouring runaway slaves. Part II concludes with two essays regarding the applicability of the Hart-Devlin debate on the ‘enforcement of morals’ vis-à-vis the International Criminal Court and an essay on what the historian Arnold Toynbee would have commented on the ‘contingency’ v ‘teleology’ debate between two palaeontologists the late Stephen Jay Gould and Simon Conway Morris.• Legal education of interest to legal educators and students • Legal, political, moral philosophy as well as philosophy of history of interest to law, philosophy and history teachers, postgraduate and under graduate students• Aspects of legal ethics for law teachers, students and legal professionals• Interdisciplinary studies regarding law and economics, law and literature, law and social justice for law, humanities, social science academics and students.
Legal Education and the Reproduction of Hierarchy: A Polemic Against the System (Critical America #56)
by Duncan KennedyIn 1983 Harvard law professor Duncan Kennedy self-published a biting critique of the law school system called Legal Education and the Reproduction of Hierarchy. This controversial booklet was reviewed in several major law journals—unprecedented for a self-published work—and influenced a generation of law students and teachers. In this well-known critique, Duncan Kennedy argues that legal education reinforces class, race, and gender inequality in our society. However, Kennedy proposes a radical egalitarian alternative vision of what legal education should become, and a strategy, starting from the anarchist idea of workplace organizing, for struggle in that direction. Legal Education and the Reproduction of Hierarchy is comprehensive, covering everything about law school from the first day to moot court to job placement to life after law school. Kennedy's book remains one of the most cited works on American legal education.The visually striking original text is reprinted here, making it available to a new generation. The text is buttressed by commentaries by five prominent legal scholars who consider its meaning for today, as well as by an introduction and afterword by the author that describes the context in which Kennedy wrote the book, including a brief history of critical legal studies.
Legal Education as a Subversive Activity (Emerging Legal Education)
by Ben Golder Lucas Lixinski Marina Nehme Prue Vines Helen GibbonIn an age when everyone aspires to teach critical thinking skills in the classroom, what does it mean to be a subversive law teacher? Who or what might a subversive law teacher seek to subvert – the authority of the law, the university, their own authority as teachers, perhaps? Are law students ripe for subversion, agents of, or impediments to, subversion? Do they learn to ask critical questions? Responding to the provocation in the classic book Teaching as a Subversive Activity, by Postman and Weingartner, the idea that teaching could, or even should, be subversive still holds true today, and its premise is particularly relevant in the context of legal education. We therefore draw on this classic book to discuss, in the present volume, the consideration of research into legal education as lifetime learning, as creating meaning, as transformative and as developing world-changing thinking within the legal context. The volume offers research into classroom experiences and theoretical and historical interrogations of what it means to teach law subversively. Primarily aimed at legal educators and doctoral students in law planning careers as academics, its insights speak directly to tensions in higher education more broadly.
Legal Education at the Crossroads: Education and the Legal Profession
by Richard Moorhead Hilary Sommerlad Avrom SherrFor several years legal professions across the world have, to varying degrees, been undergoing dramatic changes as a result of a range of forces such as globalization, diversification and changes in regulation. In many jurisdictions the extent of these transformations have led to a process of professional fragmentation and generated uncertainty at institutional, organisational and individual levels about the nature and future of legal professionalism. As a result legal education is in flux in many of jurisdictions including the United States, the UK and Australia, with further effects in other Common Law and some Civil law countries. The situation in the UK exemplifies the sense of uncertainty and crisis, with a growing number of pathways into law; an increasing surplus of law graduates to graduate entry positions and most recently proposals for reform of legal education and training by the Solicitors Regulation Authority (SRA). This collection addresses both current and historical approaches showing that some problems which appear to be modern are endemic, that there are still some important prospects for change and that policy issues may be more important than the interests of lawyers and educators. This makes this volume a source of interest to lawyers, law students, academic and policy makers as well as the discerning public. This book was previously published as a special issue of the International Journal of the Legal Profession.
Legal Education in Asia: Globalization, Change and Contexts (Routledge Law in Asia)
by Kathryn Taylor Stacey SteeleLegal education is undergoing rapid change throughout Asia. This book is a critique of the changing nature of legal education in major Asian jurisdictions as diverse as Afghanistan, Australia, Cambodia, the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and Vietnam. It provides cross-country comparative material, including Western legal education systems, and particularly detailed coverage of Japan, whose legal education system has been used by many other countries in Asia as a model to imitate. Despite the diverse histories, societies, traditions and political and economic situations of these countries, they all share common themes of change, renewal and reform in their legal education systems. The jurisdictions also generally tend to be embracing globalisation, despite (or in some instances because of) the association of globalisation with other movements, such as the development of market economies and neo-liberal ideals. This is the first significant collection available in English on the subject of pre-qualification legal education in Asia, providing a valuable multi-jurisdictional tool for academics and students of Asian legal studies, law reformers, governance experts, development practitioners and lawyers working in the region.
Legal Education in the Digital Age
by Edward RubinDuring the coming decades, the digital revolution that has transformed so much of our world will transform legal education as well. The digital production and distribution of course materials will powerfully affect both the content and the way materials are used in the classroom and library. This collection of essays by leading legal scholars in various fields explores three aspects of this coming transformation. The first set of essays discusses the way digital materials will be created and how they will change concepts of authorship as well as methods of production and distribution. The second set explores the impact of digital materials on law school classrooms and law libraries, and the third set considers the potential transformation of the curriculum that the materials are likely to produce. Taken together, these essays provide a guide to momentous changes that every legal teacher and scholar needs to understand.
Legal Education in the Global Context: Opportunities and Challenges (Emerging Legal Education)
by Christopher Gane Robin Hui HuangThis book discusses the opportunities and challenges facing legal education in the era of globalization. It identifies the knowledge and skills that law students will require in order to prepare for the practice of tomorrow, and explores pedagogical shifts legal education needs to make inside and outside of the classroom. With contributions from leading experts on legal education from various jurisdictions across the globe, the work combines theoretical depth with practical insights. Seeking to understand the changing landscape of legal education in the era of globalization, the contributions find that law schools can, and must, adopt educational strategies that at least present students with different understandings of what studying and practicing law is meant to be about. They find that law schools need to offer their students choices, a vision of practice that is not driven entirely by the demands of the marketplace or the needs of major international law firms. Bridging the gap between theory and practice, this book makes a significant contribution to the impact of globalization on legal education, and how students and law schools need to adapt for the future. It will be of great interest to academics and students of comparative legal studies and legal education, as well as policy-makers and practitioners.
Legal Education in the Western World: A Cultural and Comparative History
by Rogelio Pérez-PerdomoLegal Education in the Western World provides an encompassing history of legal education from Ancient Rome to present day Europe and the Americas. Legal education is considered the locus of the formation of professional culture, and in this book Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo contributes to our understanding of its formation by paying attention to how legal knowledge is conceived, the way it is created and transmitted, and the social status of masters, professors, teachers, apprentices and students. He focuses on historical periods and societies that have influenced the current state of legal education. While these are established touchpoints used by historians and supported by a vast bibliographies in English, Spanish, French, Italian and Portuguese, this book also includes material often overlooked by historians. Ultimately, this concise and accessible history presents a panoramic view that highlights the strengths and weaknesses of approaches to legal education in different societies, and an examination of the shared idea of law manifested in them. This historical and comparative perspective will be useful to comparative legal scholars and legal historians interested in a more informed general approach to improving legal education.
Legal Education: Simulation in Theory and Practice (Emerging Legal Education)
by Richard Grimes Edward Phillips Caroline StrevensThe importance of simulation in education, specifically in legal subjects, is here discussed and explored within this innovative collection. Demonstrating how simulation can be constructed and developed for learning, teaching and assessment, the text argues that simulation is a pedagogically valuable and practical tool in teaching the modern law curriculum. With contributions from law teachers within the UK, Australia, Hong Kong, South Africa and the USA, the authors draw on their experiences in teaching law in the areas of clinical legal education, legal process, evidence, criminal law, family law and employment law as well as teaching law to non-law students. They claim that simulation, as a form of experiential and problem-based learning, enables students to integrate the ’classroom’ experience with the real world experiences they will encounter in their professional lives. This book will be of relevance not only to law teachers but university teachers generally, as well as those interested in legal education and the theory of law.
Legal Emblems and the Art of Law
by Peter GoodrichThe history of the legal emblem has not been written. A seemingly fortuitous invention of the humanist lawyer Andrea Alciato in 1531, the emblem book is an extraordinary pictorial turn in the early history of publishing and in the emergence of modern law. The preponderance of juridical and normative themes, of images of rule and infraction, of obedience and error in the emblem books is critical to their purpose and interest. It is no accident that the history of this highly successful scholarly genre is dominated in authorship and content by lawyers. This book is the history of the emblem tradition as a juridical genre, along with the concept of, and training in obiter depicta, in things seen along the way to judgment. It argues that these picture books of law depict norms and abuses in classically derived forms that become the visual standards of governance. Despite the plethora of vivid figures and virtual symbols that define and transmit law, contemporary lawyers are not trained in the critical apprehension of the visible. This book is the first to reconstruct the history of the emblem tradition so as to evidence the extent to which a gallery of images of law already exists and structures how the public realm is displayed, made present, and viewed.
Legal Empowerment in Informal Settlements: Grassroots Experiences in the Global South
by Adrian Di GiovanniThis book investigates grassroots, community-led justice strategies – known as legal empowerment – being used to promote the human rights of people living in informal settlements in the Global South.Residents of informal settlements, also known as slums or favelas, encounter a complex array of human rights violations; from systemic discrimination by public officials, to threats to physical security from forced evictions, or arbitrary arrests, to a lack of access to basic services such as housing, water, sanitation, and education. This book shows how grassroots justice organizations around the world are working with residents to defend their rights and secure more dignified living conditions. Drawing on original empirical research across 10 countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, the book demonstrates how legal empowerment can put residents at the centre of holistic approaches to urban development and confront exclusionary and undemocratic systems of governance. The book encompasses practical recommendations and strategies such as rights-based approaches to informality, participation, community mobilization and litigation.Bridging the gaps between the law on the books and the harsh realities of informality on the ground, this book will be an important read for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers, working in realms of social and economic rights, access to justice and urban poverty and development.
Legal Engineering in the Supervisory System Reform
by Qianhong QinThis book is the latest work on the reform of supervisory system by Qin Qianhong. The author demonstrates China’s supervisory system at both the theoretical and practical levels, discusses the historical development of supervisory system reform in depth and offers the prospect of supervisory system from his unique perspective. Theoretically, focusing on the context of China, the book studies systematically the origin, transformation and evolution of the concept of supervision and concludes the theoretical basis, object of research and basic scope of supervisory law research, in expectation of building a theoretical system. Practically, from the perspective of China’s reality, the book focuses on the studies of the crucial issues in supervisory system reform, such as the cooperation between supervisory power and prosecutorial power, and the status of supervisory institutions, aiming to provide suggestions for the supervisory system reform.
Legal English
by Rupert HaighEnglish is the dominant language of international business relations, and a good working knowledge of the language is essential for today's legal or business professional. Written with the needs of both practitioners and students in mind, Legal English provides a comprehensive and highly practical approach to its subject-matter and addresses the key aspects of the use of English in commercial legal contexts. Legal English covers the key areas of legal English usage for both written and oral legal communication in typical legal situations. It features expanded terminology glossaries, legal drafting troubleshooting tips, language for negotiation and contract-drafting guidance. This new fourth edition now offers more activities and examples, both in print and online, showing how language is correctly applied, as well as sample templates for commonly used written documents such as legal letters, memoranda, and contracts. Visit the Legal English companion website today: www.routledge.com/cw/haigh - Video simulations of real-life legal situations - Comprehension exercises - Gap-fill exercises - Multiple choice questions
Legal English (Vocational English Ser.)
by Rupert HaighEnglish is the dominant language of international business relations, and a good working knowledge of the language is essential for today’s legal or business professional. Legal English provides a highly practical approach to the use of English in commercial legal contexts, and covers crucial law terminology and legal concepts. Written with the needs of both students and practitioners in mind, this book is particularly suitable for readers whose first language is not English but need to use English on a regular basis in legal contexts. The book covers both written and oral legal communication in typical legal situations in a straightforward manner. As well as including chapters on grammar and punctuation for legal writing, the book features sections on contract-drafting, language for negotiation, meetings and telephone conversations. This edition contains additional troubleshooting tips for legal writing, guidance on good style, and new sections on writing law essays and applying for legal positions.
Legal Entanglements: Law, Rights and the Battle for Legitimacy in Divided Germany, 1945-1989
by Sebastian GehrigDuring the division of Germany, law became the object of ideological conflicts and the means by which the two national governments conducted their battle over political legitimacy. Legal Entanglements explores how these dynamics produced competing concepts of statehood and sovereignty, all centered on citizens and their rights. Drawing on wide-ranging archival sources, including recently declassified documents, Sebastian Gehrig traces how politicians, diplomats, judges, lawyers, activists and intellectuals navigated the struggle between legal ideologies under the pressures of the Cold War and decolonization. As he shows, in their response to global debates over international law and human rights, their work kept the legal cultures of both German states entangled until 1989.
Legal Environment
by Jeffrey F. Beatty Susan S. Samuelson Patricia Sánchez AbrilDiscover the business law text you'll actually enjoy reading. Time after time, students like you have commented that this is the best text they have ever read and they had no idea law could be so interesting. The student choice every time, LEGAL ENVIRONMENT, 7E is packed with current examples and real scenarios that bring law to life for today's business student. Extremely reader-friendly, this engaging presentation uses conversational writing to explain complex topics in easy-to-understand language. Memorable real-world stories help the authors illustrate how legal concepts apply to everyday business practice. This edition emphasizes the digital landscape with new information on privacy and intellectual property. An updated ethics chapter offers a practical approach, using the latest research to explain why people make unethical decisions.
Legal Environment Of Business: A Managerial Approach: Theory To Practice
by Sean Melvin Enrique Guerra-PujolLegal Environment of Business, A Managerial Approach: Theory to Practice emphasizes bridging the gap between understanding legal doctrines that impact the business environment and how business owners and managers use legal insight to limit liability and manage risk. Its distinct approach focuses on using teaching features, simulations, case studies, examples, and case law that is accessible and engaging because it is specifically tailored for business students.