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Internet Jurisdiction and Choice of Law:
by Faye Fangfei WangThe adoption of electronic commercial transactions has facilitated cross-border trade and business, but the complexity of determining the place of business and other connecting factors in cyberspace has challenged existing private international law. This comparison of the rules of internet jurisdiction and choice of law as well as online dispute resolution (ODR) covers both B2B and B2C contracts in the EU, USA and China. It highlights the achievement of the Rome I Regulation in the EU, evaluates the merits of the Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreement at the international level and gives an insight into the current developments in CIDIP. The in-depth research allows for solutions to be proposed relating to the problems of the legal uncertainty of internet conflict of law and the validity and enforceability of ODR agreements and decisions.
Internet Law: Cases & Materials
by Eric GoldmanThis is a casebook for students learning Internet Law, but other people interested in Internet Law may find it interesting. The book covers jurisdiction, contracts, trespass to chattels, intellectual property (copyright, trademarks and domain names), pornography, defamation and other information torts (including limits on web host liability), privacy, spam and the legal issues applicable to blogs and social media.
Internet Literature in China
by Michel HockxRanging from the self-consciously avant-garde to the pornographic, web-based writing has introduced innovative forms, themes, and practices into Chinese literature and its aesthetic traditions.
Internet Literature in China (Global Chinese Culture)
by Michel HockxSince the 1990s, Chinese literary enthusiasts have explored new spaces for creative expression online, giving rise to a modern genre that has transformed Chinese culture and society. Ranging from the self-consciously avant-garde to the pornographic, web-based writing has introduced innovative forms, themes, and practices into Chinese literature and its aesthetic traditions. Conducting the first comprehensive survey in English of this phenomenon, Michel Hockx describes in detail the types of Chinese literature taking shape right now online and their novel aesthetic, political, and ideological challenges. Offering a unique portal into postsocialist Chinese culture, he presents a complex portrait of internet culture and control in China that avoids one-dimensional representations of oppression. The Chinese government still strictly regulates the publishing world, yet it is growing increasingly tolerant of internet literature and its publishing practices while still drawing a clear yet ever-shifting ideological bottom line. Hockx interviews online authors, publishers, and censors, capturing the convergence of mass media, creativity, censorship, and free speech that is upending traditional hierarchies and conventions within China—and across Asia.
The Internet of Things and EU Law: Cybersecurity, Privacy and Data Protection Challenges (Law, Governance and Technology Series #67)
by Pier Giorgio ChiaraThis book offers a comprehensive and holistic analysis of the cybersecurity, privacy & data protection challenges entailed by IoT devices in EU law. A working definition and three-layered architecture taxonomy of the ‘Internet of Things’ are provided, together with a state-of-the-art threat landscape in which each specific attack is linked to a layer of the IoT taxonomy. In a scenario where IoT devices physically interact with individuals, the book disentangles the legal, ethical and technical aspects of the concepts of ‘(cyber)security’ and ‘safety’, as the former now affects the latter more than ever before. To this end, a normative analysis aims to explore the concepts of ‘cybersecurity’, ‘safety’ and ‘privacy’ against the background of the ‘IoT revolution’. Building on the outcomes of this normative analysis, the work then addresses from a legal perspective the rapidly evolving EU cybersecurity legal frameworks, particularly taking into account the specific issues related to the IoT, both in terms of technology and the market dynamics of the stakeholders involved. On a different level, the book also investigates three legal challenges raised by the ubiquitous IoT data and metadata processing to EU privacy and data protection laws. After having examined the manifold IoT ‘security & privacy’ risks, the discussion focuses on how to assess them, by giving particular attention to the risk management tool enshrined in EU data protection law (i.e., the Data Protection Impact Assessment). Accordingly, an original DPIA methodology for IoT devices is proposed. This book will appeal to researchers in IT law, EU cybersecurity & data protection law, and more generally, to anyone interested in finding out how EU cybersecurity and data protection law is responding to the manifold regulatory and compliance issues associated with connected devices.
Internet of Things and the Law: Legal Strategies for Consumer-Centric Smart Technologies (Routledge Research in the Law of Emerging Technologies)
by Guido Noto La DiegaInternet of Things and the Law: Legal Strategies for Consumer-Centric Smart Technologies is the most comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the legal issues in the Internet of Things (IoT). For decades, the decreasing importance of tangible wealth and power – and the increasing significance of their disembodied counterparts – has been the subject of much legal research. For some time now, legal scholars have grappled with how laws drafted for tangible property and predigital ‘offline’ technologies can cope with dematerialisation, digitalisation, and the internet. As dematerialisation continues, this book aims to illuminate the opposite movement: rematerialisation, namely, the return of data, knowledge, and power within a physical ‘smart’ world. This development frames the book’s central question: can the law steer rematerialisation in a human-centric and socially just direction? To answer it, the book focuses on the IoT, the sociotechnological phenomenon that is primarily responsible for this shift. After a thorough analysis of how existing laws can be interpreted to empower IoT end users, Noto La Diega leaves us with the fundamental question of what happens when the law fails us and concludes with a call for collective resistance against ‘smart’ capitalism.
"Internet Plus" Pathways to the Transformation of China's Property Sector
by Shusong Ba Xianling YangThis book discusses in detail the impact of the Internet on the real-estate brokerage industry. It starts by tracing the history of the industry in America, and then goes on to present case studies of successful online brokerage companies and startups, and to evaluate future trends from the perspectives of investors as well as researchers. It explains how the Internet can transform an industry, enabling readers to spot potential investment opportunities.
Internet Policy and Economics
by William H. Lehr Lorenzo Maria PupilloFor over a decade, William Lehr, Lorenzo Pupillo, and their colleagues in academia, industry, and policy have been on the electronic frontier, exploring the implications of the technologies that are revolutionizing communication and culture. In 2002, Cyber Policy and Economics in an Internet Age featured essays that focused on such emerging economic and policy-related issues of universal access, appropriate content, spectrum allocation, taxation, consumer protection, and regulation, with respect to the Internet. In this fully revised and updated edition, entitled Internet Policy and Economics: Challenges and Perspectives, the editors and contributors tackle the most current topics and issues, as the Internet continues to permeate all facets of society. New chapters cover dynamics in the developing world, the implications of e-commerce for fiscal policy, and the impact of peer-to-peer networks on music and the arts, as well as debates over intellectual property rights, privacy issues, and cybercrime. Applying insights from economics, political science, law, business, and communications, the book will serve as essential resource for researchers and students, policymakers and regulators, and industry analysts and practitioners.
Internet Privacy Rights
by Paul BernalInternet Privacy Rights analyses the current threats to our online autonomy and privacy and proposes a new model for the gathering, retention and use of personal data. Key to the model is the development of specific privacy rights: a right to roam the internet with privacy, a right to monitor the monitors, a right to delete personal data and a right to create, assert and protect an online identity. These rights could help in the formulation of more effective and appropriate legislation, and shape more privacy-friendly business models. The conclusion examines how the internet might look with these rights in place and whether such an internet could be sustainable from both a governmental and a business perspective.
Internet Publishing and Beyond: The Economics of Digital Information and Intellectual Property
by Brian Kahin Hal R. VarianThe rapid growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web is transforming the way information is accessed and used. New models for distributing, sharing, linking, and marketing information are appearing. This volume examines emerging economic and business models for global publishing and information access, as well as the attendant transformation of international information markets, institutions, and businesses. It provides those in the public, private, and nonprofit sectors with a practical framework for dealing with the new information markets. Topics addressed include the effects of various technological factors and market environments on pricing; the relationship among classic production costs, transaction costs, and the economic value of intellectual property; the effects of different pricing practices for telecommunications and Internet services on the pricing of information; the bundling and unbundling of information services; changing cost structures and the allocation of rights among authors, publishers, and other intermediaries; the effects of markets for complementary products and services, including advertising, on the pricing and use of information; and policy implications of different pricing models. A Publication of the Harvard Information Infrastructure Project in Collaboration with the School of Information Management and Systems at the University of California at Berkeley.
Internet Regulation and the International Trade Regime (China Perspectives)
by Sun NanxiangIn the age of information, an open Internet is a key component for modern economic development. This book analyses the World Trade Organization Agreement for virtual society and explores key questions regarding internet regulation and trade barriers. Information and communication technology has introduced a transformational element to international trade, in the shape of E-commerce. Although internet technology is conceptually neutral, it can be used as a medium that poses severe threats to individual rights, public morals, public order, and national security. World Trade Organization law and jurisprudence, which are the basis of global economic and trade rules, can be applied in the cyberspace but internet regulatory measures can also pose a threat to free trade. This book thus explores the following questions: whether internet regulation constitutes a trade barrier; if so, what form does that take; and whether WTO members can invoke exception clauses to justify their internet regulatory measures? The research provides deep interpretations on treaty law, case law, and draws on additional interdisciplinary approaches to answer these questions. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of law, with a focus on International trade and internet regulation, as well as anyone interested in China’s Cyber law.
Internet Slave Master: A True Story of Seduction and Murder
by John GlattJohn Edward Robinson was a 56-year-old grandfather from rural Kansas. An entrepreneur and Eagle Scout, he was even honored as 'Man of the Year" at a Kansas City charity. To some of the women he met on the Internet, he was known as Slavemaster--a sexual deviate with a taste for sadomasochistic rituals of extreme domination and torture. <p><p> Masquerading as a philanthropist, he promised women money and adventure. For fifteen years, he trawled the Web, snaring unsuspecting women. They were never seen again. But in the summer of 2000, the decomposed remains of two women were discovered in barrels on Robinson's farm, and three other bodies were found in storage units. Yet the depths of Robinson's bloodlust didn't end there. For authorities, the unspeakable criminal trail of Slavemaster was just beginning... Internet Slave Master is a true story of sadistic murder in the Heartland, told by true crime master John Glatt.
The Internet Trap: How the Digital Economy Builds Monopolies and Undermines Democracy
by Matthew HindmanA book that challenges everything you thought you knew about the online economyThe internet was supposed to fragment audiences and make media monopolies impossible. Instead, behemoths like Google and Facebook now dominate the time we spend online—and grab all the profits from the attention economy. The Internet Trap explains how this happened. This provocative and timely book sheds light on the stunning rise of the digital giants and the online struggles of nearly everyone else—and reveals what small players can do to survive in a game that is rigged against them.Matthew Hindman shows how seemingly tiny advantages in attracting users can snowball over time. The internet has not reduced the cost of reaching audiences—it has merely shifted who pays and how. Challenging some of the most enduring myths of digital life, Hindman explains why the internet is not the postindustrial technology that has been sold to the public, how it has become mathematically impossible for grad students in a garage to beat Google, and why net neutrality alone is no guarantee of an open internet. He also explains why the challenges for local digital news outlets and other small players are worse than they appear and demonstrates what it really takes to grow a digital audience and stay alive in today’s online economy.The Internet Trap shows why, even on the internet, there is still no such thing as a free audience.
The Internet, Warts and All: Free Speech, Privacy and Truth (Cambridge Intellectual Property and Information Law #48)
by Paul BernalThe Internet, Warts and All asks questions. Why are government digital policies so often out of touch and counter-productive? Why is surveillance law problematic and ineffective - and often defeated in court? Do companies like Google and Facebook really care about freedom of speech? Why are neither laws nor technology companies able to get to grips with trolling? Is 'fake news' something that can be 'dealt with'? Can these issues be addressed more effectively, intelligently and appropriately in the future? To answer these questions, The Internet, Warts and All busts a number of myths and illusions about the internet - about the neutrality of algorithms, the permanence of information, the impact of surveillance, the nature of privacy and more. It shows how trolling and 'fake news' arise - and why current moves to deal with them are doomed to failure. It suggests a way forward - by embracing the unruly nature of the internet.
Internetrecht
by Sven HetmankDas Internet ist mit seiner nahezu unüberblickbaren Fülle an Informationen und Möglichkeiten das zentrale Medium der globalen Informationsgesellschaft geworden. Indem die Neuerungen der modernen Kommunikationstechnik, wie etwa Digitalisierung und weltweite Vernetzung in allen Lebensbereichen zu tiefgreifenden Veränderungen führen, wird auch das Recht in seiner Funktion als Ordnungsrahmen und Steuerungsinstrument mit völlig neuen Problemen konfrontiert. In dem Buch werden die vielfältigen und bisweilen auch komplexen Zusammenhänge des Internetrechts anschaulich, aber auch umfassend dargestellt. Neben der Darstellung der bei der Nutzung des Internets auftretenden spezifischen Rechtsfragen bietet das Werk Hinweise und Beispiele zu wichtigen Streitfragen und aktuellen Entwicklungen. Schwerpunkte sind insbesondere internetspezifische Rechtsfragen des Vertragsrechts sowie des Marken-, Urheber-, Datenschutz-, Wettbewerbs- und Haftungsrechts.
Internetrecht (Springer-Lehrbuch)
by Louisa Specht-Riemenschneider Severin Riemenschneider Ruben SchneiderDas Buch richtet sich spezifisch an Studierende mit entsprechendem Schwerpunktbereich, eignet sich aber auch als Einführung ins Internetrecht. Es bietet einen Überblick über die privatrechtlichen Rechtsfragen, die bei der Nutzung des Internets auftreten können und vertieft vor allem wichtige Aspekte des Urheberrechts, des Äußerungsrechts, des E-Commerce Rechts und des Domainrechts. Zahlreiche Klausurhinweise und Übungsfälle runden die Darstellung ab.
Interpersonal Criminology: Revisiting Interpersonal Crimes and Victimization
by K. JaishankarBased on peer-reviewed articles from the Second International Conference of the South Asian Society of Criminology and Victimology, Interpersonal Criminology investigates the roots of crime and victimization, rather than dissecting criminal behavior after the fact. The book divides crime by type, covering crimes against women, crimes against children and youths, culture conflict and victimization of groups, and interpersonal cybercrimes. Perfect for criminal justice practitioners and advanced human rights, criminology, and victimology students, Interpersonal Criminology explores the complexities of crime and interpersonal events in both established and emerging fields of criminology, including those concerning women and minorities.
The Interplay between Urban Development, Vulnerability, and Risk Management
by Ebru A. GencerNatural disasters are increasingly affecting the world, taking lives unexpectedly and leaving many others injured and homeless. Moreover, disasters disrupt local, national and even global economies, instantly changing the direction of development. In the first half of 2011 alone, 108 natural disasters occurred, killing over 23 thousand people, affecting nearly 44 million others and causing more than 253 billion US dollars of economic damages (CRED 2011,1). Large urban settlements have become increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of natural disasters. The concentration of substandard infrastructure and housing, material assets, and inherent socio-economic inequalities increase vulnerability to disasters in large urban areas, especially in developing countries. The size, number, functions, and geographical distribution of large- and megacities create a special concern for disaster risk. Good urban management practices can be a powerful catalyst for reducing losses from natural disasters, while simultaneously helping to develop a sustainable environment. Yet, the existing situation indicates that sustainable planning and risk management measures are not taken into consideration or may not be put into practice for a variety of financial, political, and social reasons. This book argues that, on one hand, socio-economic disparities resulting from unsustainable urban development can increase vulnerability to natural hazards, and on the other hand, when paired with natural hazards this increased vulnerability can negatively affect urban areas, resulting in further inequality. This book will showcase this argument with theoretical reviews and quantitative analyses on the interplay between sustainable development and disaster vulnerability as well as an in-depth case study of the role of urban planning and risk management practices in creating the socio-economic and spatial vulnerabilities and predicted earthquake risk in the megacity of Istanbul.
Interpol's Forensic Science Review
by Niamh Nic Daéid Max M. HouckEvery three years, worldwide forensics experts gather at the Interpol Forensic Science Symposium to exchange ideas and discuss scientific advances in the field of forensic science and criminal justice. Drawn from contributions made at the latest gathering in Lyon, France, Interpol's Forensic Science Review is a one-source reference providing a comp
Interpretation and Application of International Standards on Auditing
by Steven CollingsWritten by Steven Collings, winner of Accounting Technician of the Year at the British Accountancy Awards 2011, this book deals with the significant changes auditing has undergone in recent years, due in large part to well-publicised corporate disasters such as Enron and Parmalat, which have shaken the profession. In response, many countries have replaced pre-existing domestic standards with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) in an attempt to ensure that auditors throughout the world apply the same level of standards during all audit assignments, and that audit quality remains consistent on a global basis.International Standards on Auditing are frequently updated to improve and clarify their application throughout the audit and accounting profession. They can be extremely complex and difficult to apply in real life situations. It is essential to apply the standards with sufficient rigor to enable an efficient audit to take place, to satisfy the regulators and ensure that the client receives and audit which is beneficial, cost effective, and which conforms to the prescribed framework; however, auditors are often criticised for failing to do so.Recognising that auditing is not always an exact science, and that in many cases the auditor is called upon to make a judgement in situations open to differing opinions, this book takes a practical and pragmatic approach to following International Standards on Auditing. Steve Collings looks at the full ISAs in their final form, as reissued following the IAASB 'Clarity Project', and give auditors guidance on how to interpret and apply them in real life situations. Each redrafted or rewritten ISA is dealt with in a separate chapter, containing case studies and illustrative examples. The book also covers the regulatory framework of auditing and gives a summary of the five ethical standards applicable to auditors, as mapped by the IAASB. Detailed appendices provide an overview of IFRS and IAS, illustrative audit tests and illustrative financial statements.
Interpretation, Critical Review and Reporting in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA Compendium – The Complete World of Life Cycle Assessment)
by Mary Ann CurranThis book discusses the phase “Interpretation” in an outstanding way. According to the opinio communis within the LCA community, “Interpretation” is classified as fourth phase of the LCA framework. However, referring to ISO 14040, this book defines “Interpretation” according to its function in the LCA framework, and this means that “Interpretation has a much broader influence than generally accepted. It overarches goal and scope, inventory analysis and impact assessment. Conclusions are drawn from the results of the inventory and the impact assessment, and recommendations refer to the objective of the study, the goal and scope phase. Likewise to be considered are the defined framework conditions, the reasons for carrying out the study as well as the context of the intended applications and the target groups of the results). A second highlight of this book concerns “Interpretation” as discussed in conjunction with Critical Review and Reporting, which is an outstanding approach. The relationship between interpretation and critical review can be seen in the fact that interpretation is a kind of structured preparation of a critical review; in practice, the performance of a critical review can be made much easier if the preparers of a life cycle assessment study very carefully follow the requirements that are specifically placed on the interpretation. Because the critical review is the independent quality control of an LCA, the results improve the credibility of reporting. The critical review helps to avoid text weaknesses and potential misunderstandings because these aspects will easier be realized by independent readers from different viewpoints. The reviewers thus also represent the first readership of a study and can help to ensure that the specific requirements for good and clear reporting of life cycle assessments are met. Sound reporting needs clear conclusions.
An Interpretation of Christian Ethics
by Reinhold NiebuhrThis addition to Westminster John Knox Press's Library of Theological Ethics series brings one of Reinhold Niebuhr's classic works back into print. This 1935 book answered some of the theological questions raised by Moral Man and Immoral Society (1932) and articulated for the first time Niebuhr's theological position on many issues. The introduction by ethicist Edmund N. Santurri sets the work into historical and theological context and also assesses the viability of some of Niebuhr's positions for theology and ethics today.
Interpretation of Contracts: Current Controversies In Law
by Catherine MitchellThis book is a second edition of Interpretation of Contracts (2007). The original work examined various issues surrounding the question of how contracts should be interpreted by courts, in particular focusing on the law of contract interpretation following Lord Hoffmann’s exposition of the principles of contextual interpretation in Investors Compensation Scheme Ltd v West Bromwich Building Society [1998] 1 WLR 896. As with the original, this new edition provides an overview of the subject, concentrating on elements of controversy and disagreement, rather than a detailed analysis of all the contract law rules and doctrines that might be regarded as interpretative in one sense or another. The book will be concerned with interpretation of contracts generally (following the rule that there are not different rules of interpretation for different kinds of contracts), but with reference to commercial contracts in particular, since this is the area in which the contextual interpretative approach was developed, and where it has most relevance. The overall aim of the second edition remains the same as the first – to produce an accessible and readable guide to contract interpretation for law students, scholars and practitioners.
Interpretation of Law in the Age of Enlightenment
by Yasutomo Morigiwa Jean-Louis Halperin Michael StolleisA collaboration of leading historians of European law and philosophers of law and politics identifying and explaining the practice of interpretation of law in the 18th century. The goal: establishing the actual practice in the Age of Enlightenment, and explaining why this was the case. The ideology of the Age was that law, i.e., the will of the sovereign, can be explicitly and appropriately stated, thus making interpretation redundant. However, the reality was that in the 18th century, there was no one leading source of national law that would be the object of interpretation. Instead, there was a plurality of sources of law: the Roman Law, local customary law, and the royal ordinance. However, in deciding a case in a court of law, the law must speak with one voice. Hence, interpretation to unify the norms was inevitable. What was the process? What role did justification in terms of reason, the hallmark of the Enlightenment, play? These are some of the questions addressed.
Interpretation of Law in the Global World: From Particularism to a Universal Approach
by Przemyslaw Miklaszewicz Joanna JemielniakThe volume examines the impact of applying transnational rules on the repertory, methods and practice of legal interpretation. It scrutinizes how globalization processes in law - those reaching top-down (such as European law), as well as those developing bottom-up (such as the new lex mercatoria and international commercial arbitration) - influence the often highly innovative use of various methods of legal rendition. It also examines to what extent they affect supranational and domestic decision-making. Capturing the current development of universalizing tendencies in legal interpretation, the book offers both an extensive theoretical background and thorough studies on adjudicatory practice in such fields as European and constitutional law, international business law and arbitration or criminal law.