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Less-Lethal Weapons under International Law: A Three-Dimensional Perspective
by Elisabeth Hoffberger-PippanHitherto 'less-lethal' weapons, in contrast to classical firearms and other highly destructive weapons, have literally slipped under the radar of public international law. This book is the first monograph addressing and analysing all international legal regimes applicable to less-lethal weapons, ranging from arms control treaties, international humanitarian, criminal and human rights law. In doing so the different scenarios in which less-lethal weapons come to use will be taken into account, such as law enforcement, armed conflict and law enforcement scenarios during armed conflict. The relationships between the different legal regimes will be elaborated thoroughly with a view to examining how international law responds to less-lethal weapons. The final chapter provides guidelines as well as recommendations on appropriate use and regulation of less-lethal weapons, where the different scenarios of application, such as in armed conflict and law enforcement, will be given due account.
Lessons Learned from the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election: Hindsight is 2020 (Elections, Voting, Technology)
by Joseph Anthony Joseph A. CollIn this book, leading and emerging election scholars document the steps that state and local election officials took to augment their elections during the COVID-19 pandemic and the effects of these changes. Written for academics, practitioners, and election laypeople, this book details what went right, what went wrong, and what we can learn from the 2020 US presidential election. The 2020 election cycle was unique in American history. Held during the COVID-19 pandemic, efforts were made at the federal, state, and local levels to ensure voters could safely access elections. These changes included providing greater access to mail/absentee voting, installing ballot drop boxes, outfitting polling places with protective equipment, and much more. Many of these changes were politicized, with Republicans and Democrats viewing these changes differently. Contributing authors address how states and localities altered their elections in light of the pandemic; poll worker motivation for working during a health crisis, and how the changes to elections were viewed by election officials; the effects of these changes on whether a citizen decided to cast a ballot, how they voted, and who they voted for; how these changes influenced evaluations of elections, how long voters waited to cast a ballot, and their confidence in the outcome of the election; and, finally, what we can learn about election administration, access, and evaluations from this historic election.
Lessons amid the Rubble: An Introduction to Post-Disaster Engineering and Ethics (Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Technology)
by Sarah K. PfatteicherThe aftermath of September 11, 2001, brought the subject of engineering-failure forensics to public attention as had no previous catastrophe. In keeping with the engineering profession's long tradition of building a positive future out of disasters, Lessons amid the Rubble uses the collapse of the World Trade Center towers to explore the nature and future of engineering education in the United States. Sarah K. A. Pfatteicher draws on historical and current practice in engineering design, construction, and curricula to discuss how engineers should conceive, organize, and execute a search for the reasons behind the failure of man-made structures. Her survey traces the analytical journey engineers take after a disaster and discusses the technical, social, and moral implications of their work. After providing an overview of the investigations into the collapse of the Twin Towers, Pfatteicher explores six related events to reveal deceptively simple lessons about the engineering enterprise, each of which embodies an ethical dilemma at the heart of the profession. In tying these themes together, Pfatteicher highlights issues of professionalism and professional identity infused in engineering education and encourages an explicit, direct conversation about their meaning.Sophisticated and engagingly written, this volume combines history, engineering, ethics, and philosophy to provoke a deep discussion about the symbolic meaning of buildings and other structures and the nature of engineering.
Lessons for Climate Change Adaptation from Better Management of Rivers (Climate and Development Series)
by Jamie PittockClimate change is dramatically affecting freshwater supplies, particularly in the developing world. The papers in this volume present a powerful case for and exploration of different freshwater adaptation strategies in the face of global climatic change. The volume centres on six detailed case studies, from India, China, Mexico, Brazil, the lower Danube basin and Tanzania, written by experienced local academics and practitioners. They assess autonomous adaptation in the freshwater sector, drawing out key lessons about what motivated these societies to change, which factors led to more successful adaptation, and how interventions may best be sustained. The volume also contains a global overview of the lessons derived from these experiences. It sheds light on two key theories: that vulnerability to climate change is best reduced by reducing poverty and promoting sustainable development first, or by reducing bio-physical risks from climate change. The publication also highlights the need to ensure that access to more precise climate change impact data is not used as an excuse to delay implementation of no regrets adaptation measures.
Lessons from Eviction Court: How We Can End Our Housing Crisis
by Fran QuigleyLessons from Eviction Court goes behind the disturbing statistics of evictions and homelessness to provide the first-hand experience of a lawyer who is in eviction court each week, standing alongside people who are losing their homes. Fran Quigley provides a clear and emphatic prescription for how we can end evictions and homelessness in the United States, with the stories of struggling clients serving as the introduction for discussions of the reforms needed. Homelessness does not need to happen, nor do widespread evictions. They do not occur in other nations like in ours, and they did not used to not be the norm here in the US. Lessons from Eviction Court explains how we can end this national crisis.
Lessons from Grenfell Tower: The New Building Safety Regime
by Jennifer Charlson Nenpin DimkaAs a consequence of the Grenfell Tower fire, a building safety revolution is underway for construction and property professionals. This book analyses prior significant building fires and explains the new building safety regime including the Building Safety Act 2022 and the Building Safety Regulator. The aim is to provide an explanation of the Building Safety Regime. To that end, coverage includes: The Grenfell Tower fire: the Hackitt Review and Public Inquiry Remediation of existing buildings Legal Framework: the Fire Safety Act 2021 and Building Safety Act 2022 Building Regulations: Part B Revisions and the Combustible Material Ban The Building Safety Regulator Guidance and Consultations Change has arrived for construction and property professionals in the wake of the Grenfell Tower fire. This book is for readers who have responsibilities in the Built Environment or Real Estate to take the first steps towards implementation and compliance with the new regime.
Lessons from the Clean Air Act: Building Durability and Adaptability into US Climate and Energy Policy
by Dallas Burtraw Ann CarlsonClimate and energy policy needs to be durable and flexible to be successful, but these two concepts often seem to be in opposition. One venerable institution where both ideas are apparent is the Clean Air Act, first passed by the United States Congress in 1963, with amendments in 1970 and 1990. The Act is a living institution that has been hugely successful in improving the environment. It has programs that reach across the entire economy, regulating various sectors and pollutants in different ways. This illuminating book examines these successes - and failures - with the aim to offer lessons for future climate and energy policymaking in the US at the federal and state level. It provides critical information to legislators, regulators, and scholars interested in understanding environmental policymaking.
Lessons in Censorship: How Schools and Courts Subvert Students' First Amendment Rights
by Catherine J. RossAmerican public schools censor controversial student speech that the Constitution protects. Catherine Ross brings clarity to court rulings that define speech rights of young citizens and proposes ways to protect free expression, arguing that the failure of schools to respect civil liberties betrays their educational mission and threatens democracy.
Lessons in Life I Learned from My Baseball Cards
by Patrick J. CaraherRemember when the most exciting moment of your childhood was opening a fresh pack of baseball cards? How you gazed lovingly at the pictures of your heroes, pored over their statistics, thrilled to their exploits and identified with their lives? We all know someone whose baseball card collection was the most significant touchstone of his childhood. Baseball card collector Patrick Caraher has turned his lifelong passion into a spiritual odyssey in Lessons in Life I Learned from Baseball Cards. Selecting some prize items from his collection, Caraher has reflected on their larger resonance and produced this little gem of a book, the sports equivalent of Everything I Need to Know I Learned in Kindergarten. With deft cameos of stars whose admirable lives and careers characterized such virtues as fortitude, humility, determination, honesty, and decency, Caraher has breathed life into the statistics behind baseball's role models and produced a collection of miniature portraits that illuminates the national pastime as few other books have.
Lessons of the Swaps Litigation
by Peter Birks and Francis RoseThis is the first comprehensive review of the extent of remedies and impact of contractual agreements on restitution claims for void, unenforceable, and discharged contracts.
Let It Bleed
by Ian RankinThe seventh Inspector Rebus novel from the No.1 bestselling author of A SONG FOR THE DARK TIMES.'Rankin continues to be unsurpassed among living British crime writers' THE TIMESStruggling through another Edinburgh winter Rebus finds himself sucked into a web of intrigue that throws up more questions than answers. Was the Lord Provost's daughter kidnapped or just another runaway? Why is a city councillor shredding documents that should have been waste paper years ago? And why on earth is Rebus invited to a clay pigeon shoot at the home of the Scottish Office's Permanent Secretary?Sucked into the machine that is modern Scotland, Rebus confronts the fact that some of his enemies may be beyond justice...
Let It Bleed (A Rebus Novel)
by Ian RankinThe seventh Inspector Rebus novel from the No.1 bestselling author of A SONG FOR THE DARK TIMES.'Rankin continues to be unsurpassed among living British crime writers' THE TIMESStruggling through another Edinburgh winter Rebus finds himself sucked into a web of intrigue that throws up more questions than answers. Was the Lord Provost's daughter kidnapped or just another runaway? Why is a city councillor shredding documents that should have been waste paper years ago? And why on earth is Rebus invited to a clay pigeon shoot at the home of the Scottish Office's Permanent Secretary?Sucked into the machine that is modern Scotland, Rebus confronts the fact that some of his enemies may be beyond justice...
Let It Bleed: From the Iconic #1 Bestselling Writer of Channel 4’s MURDER ISLAND (A Rebus Novel)
by Ian RankinStruggling through another Edinburgh winter Rebus finds himself sucked into a web of intrigue that throws up more questions than answers. Was the Lord Provost's daughter kidnapped or just another runaway? Why is a city councillor shredding documents that should have been waste paper years ago? And why on earth is Rebus invited to a clay pigeon shoot at the home of the Scottish Office's Permanent Secretary?Sucked into the machine that is modern Scotland, Rebus confronts the fact that some of his enemies may be beyond justice...Read by Bill Paterson(p) 2000 Orion Publishing Group
Let Them Not Return: Sayfo â The Genocide Against the Assyrian, Syriac, and Chaldean Christians in the Ottoman Empire (War and Genocide #26)
by David Gaunt Naures Atto Soner O. BarthomaThe mass killing of Ottoman Armenians is today widely recognized, both within and outside scholarly circles, as an act of genocide. What is less well known, however, is that it took place within a broader context of Ottoman violence against minority groups during and after the First World War. Among those populations decimated were the indigenous Christian Assyrians (also known as Syriacs or Chaldeans) who lived in the borderlands of present-day Turkey, Iran, and Iraq. This volume is the first scholarly edited collection focused on the Assyrian genocide, or "Sayfo" (literally, "sword" in Aramaic), presenting historical, psychological, anthropological, and political perspectives that shed much-needed light on a neglected historical atrocity.
Let Us Dream: The Path to a Better Future
by Pope Francis Austen IvereighIn this uplifting and practical book, written in collaboration with his biographer, Austen Ivereigh, the preeminent spiritual leader explains why we must—and how we can—make the world safer, fairer, and healthier for all people now.In the COVID crisis, the beloved shepherd of over one billion Catholics saw the cruelty and inequity of our society exposed more vividly than ever before. He also saw, in the resilience, generosity, and creativity of so many people, the means to rescue our society, our economy, and our planet. In direct, powerful prose, Pope Francis urges us not to let the pain be in vain. He begins Let Us Dream by exploring what this crisis can teach us about how to handle upheaval of any kind in our own lives and the world at large. With unprecedented candor, he reveals how three crises in his own life changed him dramatically for the better. By its very nature, he shows, crisis presents us with a choice: we make a grievous error if we try to return to some pre-crisis state. But if we have the courage to change, we can emerge from the crisis better than before. Francis then offers a brilliant, scathing critique of the systems and ideologies that conspired to produce the current crisis, from a global economy obsessed with profit and heedless of the people and environment it harms, to politicians who foment their people&’s fear and use it to increase their own power at their people&’s expense. He reminds us that Christians&’ first duty is to serve others, especially the poor and the marginalized, just as Jesus did. Finally, the Pope offers an inspiring and actionable blueprint for building a better world for all humanity by putting the poor and the planet at the heart of new thinking. For this plan, he draws not only on sacred sources, but on the latest findings from renowned scientists, economists, activists, and other thinkers. Yet rather than simply offer prescriptions, he shows how ordinary people acting together despite their differences can discover unforeseen possibilities. Along the way, he offers dozens of wise and surprising observations on the value of unconventional thinking, on why we must dramatically increase women&’s leadership in the Church and throughout society, on what he learned while scouring the streets of Buenos Aires with garbage-pickers, and much more. Let Us Dream is an epiphany, a call to arms, and a pleasure to read. It is Pope Francis at his most personal, profound and passionate. With this book and with open hearts, we can change the world.
Let the Church Be the Church: Facing the Lack of Moral Leadership Accountability in Christianity
by Bobby E. MillsAn impassioned call for Christian churches to return to the values of service, love, and grace—and reject the twenty-first century gospel of material prosperity. The lack of accountability in Christian churches has rendered them powerless to meet the spiritual needs of humanity. America needs a renaissance of the human spirit, and the church must serve society by spreading God&’s love through the gospel. The twenty-first century gospel of material prosperity over spiritual prosperity, as proclaimed by some pastoral leaders, has no place in the Christian doctrine. This materialistic perspective has shaken the foundation of the church. Today&’s worship is full of pomp, circumstance, and emotionalism, but not a lot of the love, grace, and service that was exemplified by the life and teachings of Jesus. This book urges Christians to remember who started the church and what its most important values truly are. The greatest line item in a church&’s budget should be benevolence, not lavish pastoral lifestyles.
Let the Law Catch Up: Thurgood Marshall in His Own Words
by Cathy CambronA collection of US Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall&’s legal writings spanning his career, including his arguments, opinions, and dissents. The US Constitution promised much to Black citizens with its post–Civil War amendments designed to eliminate the stigma of slavery and create equality between all races, but unfortunately it delivered little justice. Thurgood Marshall spent his life working to make the Constitution live up to its promises. In the 1940s and &’50s, Marshall worked as an attorney for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), facing threats and harassment as he argued cases before the Supreme Court. His efforts culminated in the Brown v. Board of Education case, where the Supreme Court&’s ruling outlawed &“separate but equal&” public schools. After serving as a judge for the US Court of Appeals and as the first Black US solicitor general, Marshall became the nation&’s first Black Supreme Court Justice in 1967. Marshall believed the Constitution was a living document and a work in progress, and his career and legacy demonstrate it is indeed just that. Only through struggle, suffering, sacrifice, amendment, argument, and interpretation can the Constitution be made better. Marshall committed decades of his life to this effort, focused on his vision of what America could be. Let the Law Catch Up collects Justice Marshall&’s words from over the course of his career, from his advocacy with the NAACP to his arguments as solicitor general and his Supreme Court opinions and dissents. With introductions providing historical and legal context, this book paints a powerful portrait of a fearless man and his life&’s work.
Let the Lord Sort Them: The Rise and Fall of the Death Penalty
by Maurice ChammahA deeply reported, searingly honest portrait of the death penalty in Texas—and what it tells us about crime and punishment in America&“Remarkably intimate, fair-minded, and trustworthy reporting on the people arguing over the fate of human life.&”—Robert Kolker, New York Times bestselling author of Hidden Valley Road: Inside the Mind of an American FamilyWINNER OF THE J. ANTHONY LUKAS WORK-IN-PROGRESS AWARDIn 1972, the United States Supreme Court made a surprising ruling: the country's death penalty system violated the Constitution. The backlash was swift, especially in Texas, where executions were considered part of the cultural fabric, and a dark history of lynching was masked by gauzy visions of a tough-on-crime frontier. When executions resumed, Texas quickly became the nationwide leader in carrying out the punishment. Then, amid a larger wave of criminal justice reform, came the death penalty&’s decline, a trend so durable that even in Texas the punishment appears again close to extinction. In Let the Lord Sort Them, Maurice Chammah charts the rise and fall of capital punishment through the eyes of those it touched. We meet Elsa Alcala, the orphaned daughter of a Mexican American family who found her calling as a prosecutor in the nation's death penalty capital, before becoming a judge on the state's highest court. We meet Danalynn Recer, a lawyer who became obsessively devoted to unearthing the life stories of men who committed terrible crimes, and fought for mercy in courtrooms across the state. We meet death row prisoners—many of them once-famous figures like Henry Lee Lucas, Gary Graham, and Karla Faye Tucker—along with their families and the families of their victims. And we meet the executioners, who struggle openly with what society has asked them to do. In tracing these interconnected lives against the rise of mass incarceration in Texas and the country as a whole, Chammah explores what the persistence of the death penalty tells us about forgiveness and retribution, fairness and justice, history and myth.Written with intimacy and grace, Let the Lord Sort Them is the definitive portrait of a particularly American institution.
Let the People Pick the President: The Case for Abolishing the Electoral College
by Jesse WegmanThe framers of the Constitution battled over it. Lawmakers have tried to amend or abolish it more than 700 times. To this day, millions of voters, and even members of Congress, misunderstand how it works. It deepens our national divide and distorts the core democratic principles of political equality and majority rule. How can we tolerate the Electoral College when every vote does not count the same, and the candidate who gets the most votes can lose? Twice in the last five elections, the Electoral College has overridden the popular vote, calling the integrity of the entire system into question--and creating a false picture of a country divided into bright red and blue blocks when in fact we are purple from coast to coast. Even when the popular-vote winner becomes president, tens of millions of Americans--Republicans and Democrats alike--find that their votes didn't matter. And, with statewide winner-take-all rules, only a handful of battleground states ultimately decide who will become president. Now, as political passions reach a boiling point at the dawn of the 2020 race, the message from the American people is clear: The way we vote for the only official whose job it is to represent all Americans is neither fair nor just. Major reform is needed--now. Isn't it time to let the people pick the president? In this thoroughly researched and engaging call to arms, Supreme Court journalist and New York Times editorial board member Jesse Wegman draws upon the history of the founding era, as well as information gleaned from campaign managers, field directors, and other officials from twenty-first-century Democratic and Republican presidential campaigns, to make a powerful case for abolishing the antiquated and antidemocratic Electoral College. In Let the People Pick the President he shows how we can at long last make every vote in the United States count--and restore belief in our democratic system.
Let the People Rule: How Direct Democracy Can Meet the Populist Challenge
by John G. MatsusakaHow referendums can diffuse populist tensions by putting power back into the hands of the peoplePropelled by the belief that government has slipped out of the hands of ordinary citizens, a surging wave of populism is destabilizing democracies around the world. As John Matsusaka reveals in Let the People Rule, this belief is based in fact. Over the past century, while democratic governments have become more efficient, they have also become more disconnected from the people they purport to represent. The solution Matsusaka advances is familiar but surprisingly underused: direct democracy, in the form of referendums. While this might seem like a dangerous idea post-Brexit, there is a great deal of evidence that, with careful design and thoughtful implementation, referendums can help bridge the growing gulf between the government and the people.Drawing on examples from around the world, Matsusaka shows how direct democracy can bring policies back in line with the will of the people (and provide other benefits, like curbing corruption). Taking lessons from failed processes like Brexit, he also describes what issues are best suited to referendums and how they should be designed, and he tackles questions that have long vexed direct democracy: can voters be trusted to choose reasonable policies, and can minority rights survive majority decisions? The result is one of the most comprehensive examinations of direct democracy to date—coupled with concrete, nonpartisan proposals for how countries can make the most of the powerful tools that referendums offer.With a crisis of representation hobbling democracies across the globe, Let the People Rule offers important new ideas about the crucial role the referendum can play in the future of government.
Let the Students Speak! A History of the Fight for Free Expression in American Schools
by David L. Hudson Jr.From a trusted scholar and powerful story teller, an accessible and lively history of free speech, for and about students. Let the Students Speak! details the rich history and growth of the First Amendment in public schools, from the early nineteenth-century's failed student free-expression claims to the development of protection for students by the U.S. Supreme Court. David Hudson brings this history vividly alive by drawing from interviews with key student litigants in famous cases, including John Tinker of Tinker v. Des Moines Independent School District and Joe Frederick of the "Bong Hits 4 Jesus" case, Morse v. Frederick. He goes on to discuss the raging free-speech controversies in public schools today, including dress codes and uniforms, cyberbullying, and the regulation of any violent-themed expression in a post-Columbine and Virginia Tech environment. This book should be required reading for students, teachers, and school administrators alike.
Let's Get Free
by Paul ButlerDrawing on his personal fascinating story as a prosecutor, a defendant, and an observer of the legal process, Paul Butler offers a sharp and engaging critique of our criminal justice system. He argues against discriminatory drug laws and excessive police power and shows how our policy of mass incarceration erodes communities and perpetuates crime. Controversially, he supports jury nullification-or voting "not guilty" out of principle-as a way for everyday people to take a stand against unfair laws, and he joins with the "Stop Snitching" movement, arguing that the reliance on informants leads to shoddy police work and distrust within communities. Butler offers instead a "hip hop theory of justice," parsing the messages about crime and punishment found in urban music and culture. Butler's argument is powerful, edgy, and incisive.
Let's Get Free
by Paul ButlerDrawing on his personal fascinating story as a prosecutor, a defendant, and an observer of the legal process, Paul Butler offers a sharp and engaging critique of our criminal justice system. He argues against discriminatory drug laws and excessive police power and shows how our policy of mass incarceration erodes communities and perpetuates crime. Controversially, he supports jury nullification-or voting "not guilty" out of principle-as a way for everyday people to take a stand against unfair laws, and he joins with the "Stop Snitching" movement, arguing that the reliance on informants leads to shoddy police work and distrust within communities. Butler offers instead a "hip hop theory of justice," parsing the messages about crime and punishment found in urban music and culture. Butler's argument is powerful, edgy, and incisive.
Let's Get Free: A Hip-Hop Theory of Justice
by Paul ButlerDrawing on his personal fascinating story as a prosecutor, a defendant, and an observer of the legal process, Paul Butler offers a sharp and engaging critique of our criminal justice system. He argues against discriminatory drug laws and excessive police power and shows how our policy of mass incarceration erodes communities and perpetuates crime. Controversially, he supports jury nullification-or voting "not guilty" out of principle-as a way for everyday people to take a stand against unfair laws, and he joins with the "Stop Snitching" movement, arguing that the reliance on informants leads to shoddy police work and distrust within communities. Butler offers instead a "hip hop theory of justice," parsing the messages about crime and punishment found in urban music and culture. Butler's argument is powerful, edgy, and incisive.
Let's Get Free: A Hip-hop Theory of Justice
by Paul ButlerPaul Butler was an ambitious federal prosecutor, a Harvard Law grad who gave up his corporate law salary to fight the good fight--until one day he was arrested on the street and charged with a crime he didn't commit.