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Methamphetamine Use: Clinical and Forensic Aspects, Second Edition
by Sandra B. McPherson Harold V. Hall Errol YudkoUpdated and expanded to reflect changes in recent years, this second edition covers virtually every aspect of this dangerous drug, including history, pharmacology, pathology, physiology, treatment, clinical and forensic psychology, and legal aspects. This edition features new chapters on criminal- and civil-forensic applications including an in-depth discussion of recent laws. Pointing out important cases, articles, and statistics, the text also presents chapters on neuropsychological testing; normative data on risk analysis and violence prediction; the physiology of tweaking, the most dangerous stage of the meth cycle; and the efficacy of treatment programs including examples from newly established drug courts.
Methodology and Moral Philosophy (Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory)
by Jussi Suikkanen Antti KauppinenMany ethicists either accept the reflective equilibrium method or think that anything goes in ethical theorizing as long as the results are plausible. The aim of this book is to advance methodological thinking in ethics beyond these common attitudes and to raise new methodological questions about how moral philosophy should be done. What are we entitled to assume as the starting-point of our ethical inquiry? What is the role of empirical sciences in ethics? Is there just one general method for doing moral philosophy or should different questions in moral philosophy be answered in different ways? Are there argumentative structures and strategies that we should be encouraged to use or typical argumentative patterns that we should avoid? This volume brings together leading moral philosophers to consider these questions. The chapters investigate the prospects of empirical ethics, outline new methods of ethics, evaluate recent methodological advances, and explore whether different areas of moral philosophy are methodologically continuous or independent of one another. The aim of Methodology and Moral Philosophy is to make moral philosophers more self-aware and reflective of the way in which they do moral philosophy and also to encourage them to take part in methodological debates.
Methodology of Islamic Economics: Problems and Solutions (Islamic Business and Finance Series)
by Necmettin KizilkayaIn its pursuit to equip the reader with a basic knowledge of Islamic economics, this book divulges the micro-foundations of the discipline, and highlights the predominant schools of thought that exist in the field. It explains, in simple terms, what Islamic economics entails and how it can be studied as a science in relation to the Holy Quran, the Sunnah and the Islamic intellectual tradition based on these two sources. The book familiarizes the reader with knowledge of the basic maxims of the discipline. It then establishes the arguments that are presented by the proponents of religion-based economics, specifically Islam, and apprises readers about the aforementioned schools as they exist. A number of chapters consider the dimension of the dilemmas the discipline is facing, and the chronological progress of the field is reviewed, hence providing a comprehensive overview of the topic. The book deals with the issues about the origins of Islamic economics, the basic methodological questions, the use of the opportunities offered by fiqh in the methodological discussions and the main problems arising from the encounter with other cultures and civilizations. It offers practical solutions, despite the differing schools of thought, not unlike the development of conventional Economics where radical differences between Keynesian, Classical and Monetarist approaches existed. It concludes by incorporating some of the finest works that explain to the reader how Islamic economics may progress as a discipline. This guide will provide both students and researchers in Comparative Economic Studies, Islamic Economics and Islamic Finance with an essential overview of the field.
Methodology of Judicial Proof and Presumption (Masterpieces of Contemporary Jurisprudents in China)
by Jiahong HeThis book offers the first theoretical approach to rules of evidence and the practice of judicial proof in China written in English by a Chinese professor. As Prof. He's first representative work, based on over three decades of studying and researching evidence law, it clarifies concepts relevant to evidence law, highlights the value of studying evidence law, re-examines the domain of presumption, reviews central problems in obtaining evidence, and discusses the reasons for misjudged cases. In brief, the book not only presents all major aspects of Chinese rules of evidence in criminal justice, but also introduces readers to the latest developments from a global perspective.
Methods In Medical Ethics
by Daniel P. Sulmasy Jeremy SugarmanMedical ethics draws upon methods from a wide array of disciplines, including anthropology, economics, epidemiology, health services research, history, law, medicine, nursing, philosophy, psychology, sociology, and theology. <p><p> In this influential book, outstanding scholars in medical ethics bring these many methods together in one place to be systematically described, critiqued, and challenged. Newly revised and updated chapters in this second edition include philosophy, religion and theology, virtue and professionalism, casuistry and clinical ethics, law, history, qualitative research, ethnography, quantitative surveys, experimental methods, and economics and decision science. <p><p>This second edition also includes new chapters on literature and sociology, as well as a second chapter on philosophy which expands the range of philosophical methods discussed to include gender ethics, communitarianism, and discourse ethics. In each of these chapters, contributors provide descriptions of the methods, critiques, and notes on resources and training. <p><p> Methods in Medical Ethics is a valuable resource for scholars, teachers, editors, and students in any of the disciplines that have contributed to the field. As a textbook and reference for graduate students and scholars in medical ethics, it offers a rich understanding of the complexities involved in the rigorous investigation of moral questions in medical practice and research.
Methods in Environmental Forensics
by Stephen M. MudgeWhile environmental catastrophes can be naturally occurring, often they are the result of criminal intent or malfeasance. Sorting out the details when the land itself is the only witness requires a special set of investigative skills. For accountability to be established, investigators must be able to answer these questions with a measure of scient
Methods, Measures, and Theories in Eyewitness Identification Tasks
by Andrew M. Smith Michael P. Toglia James Michael LampinenMethods, Measures, and Theories in Eyewitness Recognition Tasks provides a comprehensive review of the fundamental issues surrounding eyewitness recognition phenomena alongside suggestions for developing a more methodologically rigorous eyewitness science. Over the past 40 years, the field of eyewitness science has seen substantial advancement in eyewitness identification procedures, yet theoretical and methodological developments have fallen behind. Featuring contributions from prominent international scholars, this book examines methodological and theoretical limitations and explores important topics, including how to increase the accuracy of identifying perpetrators when using CCTV images, how to create more identifiable facial composites, and the differences in accuracy between younger and older eyewitnesses. Providing in-depth discussion on the limitations of traditional lineups, eyewitness memory fallibility, and the complications that arise when using laboratory simulations, along with suggestions for new methods, this book will be an invaluable resource for researchers in eyewitness recognition, lawyers, players in the criminal justice system, members of innocence commissions, and researchers with interests in cognitive psychology.
Metric Handbook: Planning and Design Data
by Pamela BuxtonSignificantly updated in reference to the latest construction standards and new building types Sustainable design integrated into chapters throughout Over half of the entire book has now been updated since 2015 Over 100,000 copies sold to successive generations of architects and designers This book belongs in every design office. The Metric Handbook is the major handbook of planning and design data for architects and architecture students. Covering basic design data for all the major building types it is the ideal starting point for any project. For each building type, the book gives the basic design requirements and all the principal dimensional data, and succinct guidance on how to use the information and what regulations the designer needs to be aware of. As well as buildings, the Metric Handbook deals with broader aspects of design such as materials, acoustics and lighting, and general design data on human dimensions and space requirements. The Metric Handbook is the unique reference for solving everyday planning problems.
Metric Handbook: Planning and Design Data
by Pamela BuxtonConsistently updated since 2015 by expert authors in the field Significantly revised in reference to changing building types and construction standards New chapters added on data centres and logistics facilities Sustainable design integrated into chapters throughout Over 100,000 copies sold to successive generations of architects and designers This book belongs in every design office. The Metric Handbook is the major handbook of planning and design data for architects and architecture students. Covering basic design data for all the major building types, it is the ideal starting point for any project. For each building type, the book gives the basic design requirements and all the principal dimensional data, and succinct guidance on how to use the information and what regulations the designer needs to be aware of. As well as buildings, the Metric Handbook deals with broader aspects of design such as materials, acoustics, and lighting, and general design data on human dimensions and space requirements. The Metric Handbook is the unique reference for solving everyday planning problems.
Metropolitan Landscapes: Towards a Shared Construction of the Resilient City of the Future (Landscape Series #28)
by Antonella ContinThis edited volume covers many aspects of the Metropolitan Landscapes. Solutions are needed to meet the demand of the citizens of a renewed metropolitan region landscape. It opens up discussions about possible toolkits for strategic actions based on understanding the territory from geographical, urban, architectural, economic, environmental, and public policy perspectives. This book intends to promote the Metropolitan dwelling quality, ensuring human well-being proposing a discussion on the resilient articulation of the interface space among the city's infrastructure, agriculture, and nature.This book results from the Symposium: Metropolitan Landscapes that MSLab of the Politecnico di Milano and ETSA (Sevilla) organized at the IALE 2019 Conference (Milan, July 2019) to manage radical territory transformation with a strategic vision. The widespread growth of urban areas indicates the importance of building resilient sustainable cities capable of minimizing climate-change impact production.The Symposium aimed to discuss the Urban Metabolism approach considering the combination of Landscapes set in a single Metropolitan Ecosystem. Accordingly, new design strategies of transformation, replacement or maintenance can compose Urban-Rural Linkage patterns and a decalage of different landscape contexts. Ecological interest in environmental sustainability, compatibility, and resilience is not tied exclusively to the balance between production and energy consumption. Thus, it is the integration over time and at several scales of the urban and rural landscapes and their inhabitants that nourish the Metropolitan Bioregion.Moreover, the Metropolitan Landscape Book's research hypothesis is the need for a Glossary, strengthening the basis of understanding Metropolitan Landscape's complexity.This book's topic is particularly relevant to Landscape Urbanism, Architecture, Urban disciplines Scholars, Students and Practitioners who want to be connected in a significant way with Metropolitan Discipline’s research field.
Metropolitan Regions, Planning and Governance
by John Harrison Karsten Zimmermann Daniel GallandThe aim of this book is to investigate contemporary processes of metropolitan change and approaches to planning and governing metropolitan regions. To do so, it focuses on four central tenets of metropolitan change in terms of planning and governance: institutional approaches, policy mobilities, spatial imaginaries, and planning styles. The book’s main contribution lies in providing readers with a new conceptual and analytical framework for researching contemporary dynamics in metropolitan regions. It will chiefly benefit researchers and students in planning, urban studies, policy and governance studies, especially those interested in metropolitan regions.The relentless pace of urban change in globalization poses fundamental questions about how to best plan and govern 21st-century metropolitan regions. The problem for metropolitan regions—especially for those with policy and decision-making responsibilities—is a growing recognition that these spaces are typically reliant on inadequate urban-economic infrastructure and fragmented planning and governance arrangements. Moreover, as the demand for more ‘appropriate’—i.e., more flexible, networked and smart—forms of planning and governance increases, new expressions of territorial cooperation and conflict are emerging around issues and agendas of (de-)growth, infrastructure expansion, and the collective provision of services.
Mexican Americans & the Law: El Pueblo Unido Jamas Sera Vencido (The Mexican American experience)
by Reynaldo Anaya Valencia; Sonia R. Garcia; Henry Flores ; Jose Roberto JuarezThe experience of Mexican Americans in the United States has been marked by oppression at the hands of the legal system--but it has also benefited from successful appeals to the same system. Mexican Americans and the Law illustrates how Mexican Americans have played crucial roles in mounting legal challenges regarding issues that directly affect their political, educational, and socioeconomic status.
Mexican Natural Resources Management and Biodiversity Conservation: Recent Case Studies
by Alfredo Ortega-RubioThis book presents valuable and recent lessons learned regarding the links between natural resources management, from a Socio-Ecological perspective, and the biodiversity conservation in Mexico. It address the political and social aspects, as well as the biological and ecological factors, involved in natural resources management and their impacts on biodiversity conservation. It is a useful resource for researchers and professionals around the globe, but especially those in Latin American countries, which are grappling with the same Bio-Cultural heritage conservation issues.
Mexico's Human Rights Crisis (Pennsylvania Studies in Human Rights)
by Alejandro Anaya-Muñoz Barbara FreyLawless elements are ascendant in Mexico, as evidenced by the operations of criminal cartels engaged in human and drug trafficking, often with the active support or acquiescence of government actors. The sharp increase in the number of victims of homicide, disappearances and torture over the past decade is unparalleled in the country's recent history. <P><P>According to editors Alejandro Anaya-Muñoz and Barbara Frey, the "war on drugs" launched in 2006 by President Felipe Calderón and the corrupting influence criminal organizations have on public institutions have empowered both state and nonstate actors to operate with impunity. Impunity, they argue, is the root cause that has enabled a human-rights crisis to flourish, creating a climate of generalized violence that is carried out, condoned, or ignored by the state and precluding any hope for justice.Mexico's Human Rights Crisis offers a broad survey of the current human rights issues that plague Mexico. <P><P>Essays focus on the human rights consequences that flow directly from the ongoing "war on drugs" in the country, including violence aimed specifically at women, and the impunity that characterizes the government's activities. Contributors address the violation of the human rights of migrants, in both Mexico and the United States, and cover the domestic and transnational elements and processes that shape the current human rights crisis, from the state of Mexico's democracy to the influence of rulings by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the decisions of Mexico's National Supreme Court of Justice. <P><P>Given the scope, the contemporaneity, and the gravity of Mexico's human rights crisis, the recommendations made in the book by the editors and contributors to curb the violence could not be more urgent. <P><P>Contributors: Alejandro Anaya-Muñoz, Karina Ansolabehere, Ariadna Estévez, Barbara Frey, Janice Gallagher, Rodrigo Gutiérrez Rivas, Susan Gzesh, Sandra Hincapié, Catalina Pérez Correa, Laura Rubio Díaz-Leal, Natalia Saltalamacchia, Carlos Silva Forné, Regina Tamés, Javier Treviño-Rangel, Daniel Vázquez, Benjamin James Waddell.
Mexico's Struggle for Public Security
by George Philip Susana BerruecosThe Mexican government's full-frontal attack on the powerful drugs cartels has achieved mixed results. This book considers the issue from a variety of viewpoints. The essential argument is that the organized crime is best combated by institutional reforms directed at strengthening the rule of law rather than by a heavy reliance on armed force.
Mexico's Supreme Court: Between Liberal Individual and Revolutionary Social Rights, 1867-1934
by Timothy M. JamesAlthough Mexico&’s Constitution of 1917 mandated the division of large landholdings, provided land for the landless, and guaranteed workers the rights to organize, strike, and bargain collectively, it also guaranteed fundamental liberal rights to property and due process that enabled property owners and employers to resist the implementation of the new social rights by filing suit in federal court. Taking as its main focus the way new and old rights were adjudicated before the Supreme Court, this book is the first to examine the subject through the lens of court documents and the writings and commentaries of jurists and other legal professionals. The author asks and answers the question, how did the judicial interpretation of the Constitution of 1917 become a barrier to implementing agrarian land rights and labor legislation in the years immediately following Mexico&’s social revolution of 1910?
Mi Amigo William
by César CostaEste es un simple homenaje a un querido amigo que se fue. Un guerrero que amaba lo que estaba haciendo y se apartó de esta vida en el ejercicio de su función. En este trabajo podrás conocer un poco del chico que conocí, un chico feliz, amigo e incluso un bromista. Según mi visión, podrá conocer algunas de nuestras historias, así como los momentos finales de su vida. Que cada uno lea este trabajo y cambie sus conceptos de relaciones humanas, que no permitamos que la tecnología nos prive del contacto personal, y que ninguno de nosotros pueda estar seguro de la presencia de aquellos a quienes amamos y apreciamos cada minuto de esta vida. Esta edición está revisada y extendida, contiene algunas historias nuevas y detalles de otros casos ya reportados.
Mi mundo adorado
by Sonia SotomayorLa primera latina y tan sólo la tercera mujer designada a la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos, Sonia Sotomayor se ha convertido en un icono americano contemporáneo. Ahora, con un candor e intimidad nunca antes asumidos por un juez en activo, Sonia nos narra el viaje de su vida --desde los proyectos del Bronx hasta la corte federal-- en una inspiradora celebración de su extraordinaria determinación y del poder de creer en uno mismo. Esta es la historia de una niñez precaria, con un padre alcohólico que moriría cuando ella tenía nueve años y una madre devota pero sobrecargada, y del refugio que una niña tomó de la confusión del hogar con su apasionada y enérgica abuela. Pero no fue hasta que le diagnosticaron diabetes juvenil que la precoz Sonia reconoció que, en última instancia, dependía de sí misma. Pronto aprendería a darse a sí misma las inyecciones de insulina necesarias para sobrevivir y a rápidamente forjar un camino hacia una vida mejor. Con personajes de televisión como modelo y poca idea sobre lo que en realidad implicaba, Sonia decidió ser abogada, un sueño que la sostendría en su improbable recorrido, desde su brillante paso por la escuela secundaria, la universidad de Princeton y la escuela de Derecho de Yale hasta la fiscalía de distrito del Condado de Nueva York, la práctica privada, y el nombramiento a la Corte Federal de Distrito, todo antes de llegar a los cuarenta años. A lo largo del camino vemos como Sonia fue formada por diversas experiencias (como su fallido matrimonio), mentores invaluables, y la versión moderna de familia que creó con amigos queridos y sus hijos. A través de sus aún asombrados ojos, las posibilidades infinitas de los Estados Unidos son vislumbradas nuevamente en este libro cálido y honesto, destinado a convertirse en un clásico de la autoformación y el autodescubrimiento.
Mi mundo adorado
by Sonia SotomayorLa primera latina y la tercera mujer designada a la Corte Suprema de Estados Unidos, Sonia Sotomayor se ha convertido en un ícono contemporáneo. Ahora, con un candor e intimidad inusitados, Sonia nos narra el viaje de su vida -desde los proyectos del Bronx hasta la corte federal- en una inspiradora celebración del poder de creer en uno mismo.Ésta es la historia de una niñez precaria, con un padre alcohólico que moriría cuando ella tenía nueve años y una madre devota pero sobrecargada, y del refugio que una niña tomó de la confusión del hogar con su enérgica abuela. Pero no fue hasta que le diagnosticaron diabetes juvenil cuando la precoz Sonia reconoció que, en última instancia, dependía de sí misma. Pronto aprendería a ponerse a sí misma las inyecciones de insulina necesarias para sobrevivir y forjar un camino hacia una vida mejor.Con personajes de televisión como modelo y con poca idea sobre lo que en realidad implicaba, Sonia decidió ser abogada, unsueño que la sostendría en su improbable recorrido, desde su brillante paso por la escuela secundaria, la Universidad de Princeton y la Escuela de Derecho de Yale hasta la Fiscalía de Distrito del Condado de Nueva York, la práctica privada, y el nombramiento a la Corte Federal de Distrito, todo antes de llegar a los cuarenta años.A lo largo del camino vemos cómo Sonia fue formada por diversas experiencias, mentores invaluables, y la versión moderna de familia que creó con sus amigos y sus hijos. Todos esos elementos se hilvanan en un libro cálido y honesto, destinado a convertirse en un clásico de la autoformación y el autodescubrimiento.
Mi mundo adorado (Vintage Espanol Ser.)
by Sonia SotomayorLa primera latina y tan sólo la tercera mujer designada a la Corte Suprema de los Estados Unidos, Sonia Sotomayor se ha convertido en un icono americano contemporáneo. Ahora, con un candor e intimidad nunca antes asumidos por un juez en activo, Sonia nos narra el viaje de su vida desde los proyectos del Bronx hasta la corte federal en una inspiradora celebración de su extraordinaria determinación y del poder de creer en uno mismo. Esta es la historia de una niñez precaria, con un padre alcohólico que moriría cuando ella tenía nueve años y una madre devota pero sobrecargada, y del refugio que una niña tomó de la confusión del hogar con su apasionada y enérgica abuela. Pero no fue hasta que le diagnosticaron diabetes juvenil que la precoz Sonia reconoció que, en última instancia, dependía de sí misma. Pronto aprendería a darse a sí misma las inyecciones de insulina necesarias para sobrevivir y a rápidamente forjar un camino hacia una vida mejor. Con personajes de televisión como modelo y poca idea sobre lo que en realidad implicaba, Sonia decidió ser abogada, un sueño que la sostendría en su improbable recorrido, desde su brillante paso por la escuela secundaria, la universidad de Princeton y la escuela de Derecho de Yale hasta la fiscalía de distrito del Condado de Nueva York, la práctica privada, y el nombramiento a la Corte Federal de Distrito, todo antes de llegar a los cuarenta años. A lo largo del camino vemos como Sonia fue formada por diversas experiencias (como su fallido matrimonio), mentores invaluables, y la versión moderna de familia que creó con amigos queridos y sus hijos. A través de sus aún asombrados ojos, las posibilidades infinitas de los Estados Unidos son vislumbradas nuevamente en este libro cálido y honesto, destinado a convertirse en un clásico de la autoformación y el autodescubrimiento.
Michael Cohen's House Testimony: The Complete Transcripts and Case Documents
by Diversion BooksThe full transcript of one of the most shocking testimonies of the Trump Era and in the history of the United States government. &“I am ashamed that I chose to take part in concealing Mr. Trump&’s illicit acts…. I am ashamed because I know what Mr. Trump is. He is a racist. He is a conman. He is a cheat.&” —from Michael Cohen&’s Opening Statement to the House Oversight Committee &“Michael Cohen…was just disbarred by the State Supreme Court for lying & fraud. He did bad things unrelated to Trump. He is lying in order to reduce his prison time.&” —President Donald J. Trump On February 27, 2019, with the world watching, Michael Cohen—former lawyer and fixer for President Donald J. Trump—took the stand in front of the House Oversight Committee and delivered one of the most sensational days of Congressional testimony in history. Not since President Richard Nixon&’s White House counsel John Dean turned on him during the Watergate scandal has a close presidential associate attacked the character of the chief of state and charged him with criminal acts. Here in one volume is living history—the hard-hitting prepared statements, the damning evidence, the salacious charges, the belligerent questioning, and the stunning revelations.
Michael Ryan’s Writings on Medical Ethics
by Howard A. Brody Zahra Meghani Kimberly GreenwaldMichael Ryan (d. 1840) remains one of the most mysterious figures in the history of medical ethics, despite the fact that he was the only British physician during the middle years of the 19th century to write about ethics in a systematic way. Michael Ryan's Writings on Medical Ethics offers both an annotated reprint of his key ethical writings, and an extensive introductory essay that fills in many previously unknown details of Ryan's life, analyzes the significance of his ethical works, and places him within the historical trajectory of the field of medical ethics.
Michel Foucault, The Courage of Truth and The Ethics of an Intellectual
by Priscila Piazentini VieiraThe relationship between two distinct periods in Michel Foucault's work is the starting point for this book. In "Truth and Power," an interview Foucault gave in 1976, he states that to create a new politics of truth is an intellectual's main task. In this book, Priscila Piazentini Vieira analyzes Foucault's study on ancient culture and courage of truth in the 1980s as his main contribution to our construction of a new politics of truth, much diverse from modernity's prevailing understanding of it grounded on the will to knowledge. Furthermore, she analyzes Foucault's militant practice and his GIP experience from a corpus constructed by papers, courses, interviews, and books written by the philosopher between the 1970s and 1980s. By clearly linking Foucault’s work on to his own militant activity, the book also aims to develop an original definition of the intellectual at the crossroad of political engagement, the production of knowledge, and the manifestation of the truth.
Michel Foucault’s Practical Philosophy: A Critique of Subjectivation Processes (SUNY series in Contemporary French Thought)
by Maddalena CerratoOffers a holistic approach to Michel Foucault's thought, introducing the idea of practical philosophy as an original interpretative framework.Michel Foucault's thought, Maddalena Cerrato writes, may be understood as practical philosophy. In this perspective, political analysis, philosophy of history, epistemology, and ethics appear as necessarily cast together in a philosophical project that aims to rethink freedom and emancipation from domination of all kinds. The idea of practical philosophy accounts for Foucault's specific approach to the object, as well as to the task of philosophy, and it identifies the perspective that led him to consider the question of subjectivity as the guiding thread of his work. Overall, Cerrato shows the deep consistency underlying Foucault's reflection and the substantial coherence of his philosophical itinerary, setting aside all the conventional interpretations that pivot on the idea that his thought underwent a radical "turn" from the political engagement of the question of power toward an ethical retrieval of the question of subjectivity.
Michelle Obama: First Lady of Hope
by Elizabeth LightfootFrom Lady Bird Johnson's highway beautification initiative to Jacqueline Kennedy's White House renovation to Barbara Bush's literacy project - and let's not forget Nancy Reagan's "Just Say No" program - first ladies have captivated and enthralled the voting public for 200 years. Michelle Obama has played an influential role in her husband's campaign, and is certain to do the same during his presidency. Michelle Obama: First Lady of Hope examines, for the first time, her astonishing career - from her undergraduate years at Princeton, where she majored in African Studies, to her studies at Harvard Law School, where she obtained a Juris Doctor degree. This fascinating book will further address her influence on her husband, her role in his presidential campaign, and her political beliefs. Michelle Obama is sure to be one of the most intriguing and influential First Ladies in history. She first met Barack Obama when she was asked to serve as his mentor at a prestigious Chicago law firm. She and Barack were the only African-Americans. The couple married in 1992. She is her husband's closest advisor. A Chicago native, she has attracted much media attention for her candor and frankness. This trait will serve her well in the White House, where no move or statement goes unnoticed.