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Tax and Government in the 21st Century (Law in Context)
by Miranda StewartWith an accessible style and clear structure, Miranda Stewart explains how taxation finances government in the twenty-first century, exploring tax law in its historical, economic, and social context. Today, democratic tax states face an array of challenges, including the changing nature of work, the digitalisation and globalisation of the economy, and rebuilding after the fiscal crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. Stewart demonstrates the centrality of taxation for government budgets and explains key tax principles of equity, efficiency and administration. Presenting examples from a wide range of jurisdictions and international developments, Stewart shows how tax policy and law operate in our everyday lives, ranging from family and working life to taxing multinational enterprises in the global digital economy. Employing an interdisciplinary approach to the history and future of taxation law and policy, this is a valuable resource for legal scholars, practitioners and policy makers.
The Tax and Legal Playbook
by Mark J. KohlerThe Tax and Legal Playbook: Strategies that Save You Time and MoneyCPA and Attorney Mark J. Kohler answers the leading tax and legal questions facing small business owners, across all stages of business, and delivers a comprehensive playbook of clear-cut truths, thought-provoking advice, and underutilized solutions to save you time, money, and heartache.You can read this book straight through or as a reference guide-reading the chapters as needed to answer the questions as they arise. You'll come away wiser and better equipped to make the best decisions for your business, your family, and yourself.Covers: The ins and outs behind fundamental business decisions Underutilized tax and legal strategies that can save you thousands Picking the right legal entity for your business Common legal scams and deceptions to avoid Protecting your assets and planning for retirement Issues are illustrated with entertaining, real-world examplesths, thoughtful advice, and outside-of-the-box thinking shared in his many Entrepreneur.com contributions, speaking events, and previous books - Lawyers Are Liars and What Your CPA Isn't Telling You - Kohler presents a simplified look at the complex questions within the areas of legal and tax planning for business.
Tax and Time: On the Use and Misuse of Legal Imagination
by Anthony C. InfantiHow tax law perpetuates injustice but might instead be used as a powerful force for creating a more just and equitable society The relationship between tax law and society, Anthony C. Infanti asserts, is too often overlooked by those who work outside of the field of fiscal policy. Yet, the way a country collects and spends its revenue can be viewed as a quantifiable reflection of how a country sees itself, sending messages about both what it values now and what it aspires to be in the future.Tax and Time sheds light on two of the most misunderstood universal human experiences: time and taxes. Anthony C. Infanti asserts that time in tax law is the product of pure imagination and calls into question the world beyond time that we have created for ourselves. Written with clarity and powerful insight, Tax and Time demonstrates how the tax laws have been used to imaginatively manipulate time in ways that perpetuate economic and social injustice. With its social justice focus, the book brings a sorely needed critical perspective to technical tax policy discussions. Infanti calls for a systematic reexamination and reworking of the relationship between time and tax law, asserting that the power of the legal imagination to manipulate time in tax law can both correct past injustices and help us to envision—and actually work toward—a better and more just society.
Tax Audit and Taxation in the Paradigm of Sustainable Development: The Impact on Economic, Social and Environmental Development (Contributions to Management Science)
by Bistra Svetlozarova NikolovaThis book discusses how taxation can contribute to a sustainable economic development. It analyses the role and functions of taxes and tax audits with special focus on sustainable development, considering not only the fiscal functions of taxes but also their economic, social, and environmental effects. The book sheds light on the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on taxation and discusses principles of good governance in tax administration. The author also analyses the preconditions and indicators for cross-border tax fraud and the possibilities for counteraction. Furthermore, the book examines tax reliefs and rates, and how the different types of taxation – flat, progressive, and regressive taxes, can impact economic, social, and environmental development. In the last section, the author discusses how to achieve economic, social, and environmental effects through taxation. This book will appeal not only to academics working in this field, but also to practitioners who would like in-depth insights into these topics.
Tax Avoidance and European Law: Redesigning Sovereignty Through Multilateral Regulation (Routledge Research in Tax Law)
by Mihaela TofanTax law is one of the legal fields with the most subtle influence on European integration and EU law. The European economic cooperation project emerged with the customs union, essentially a tax law concept, and evolved alongside other topics of tax harmonization. Still, the existence of the EU tax law is disputed. The research on the topic is significant, as the integration of national economies and markets has increased substantially, both within the EU and globally. This has put a strain on domestic tax rules, which are subject to the demands of the international taxation requirements. This book explores the relationship between tax avoidance regulation and sovereignty within the European Union, analyzing the impact of the effective regulatory methods for limiting and eliminating aggressive tax planning by the multinational companies. Focusing on analyzing good practice in fiscal regulation efficiency and the results generated by the tax jurisprudence both at national and European level, its main objective is to present the argument for inter-dependency between taxation and the current changes in the concept of sovereignty. It highlights where fiscal regulation has led to uniform, yet flexible, solutions for the actual fight against companies’ abusive fiscal conduct, when taking advantage of tax competition. This text will be of value to academics, researchers, and advanced students in tax law and tax avoidance regulation and their intersection with sovereignty in the context of the European Union.
Tax Avoidance and the Law: Understanding the UK General Anti-Abuse Rule (Routledge Research in Tax Law)
by Selina KeesoonyTax Avoidance and the Law is a helpful guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students who want a thorough understanding of this dynamic area of law. The book is written in a way which is easy to follow and conveniently summarises complex case law on tax avoidance. Tax Avoidance and the Law explores the evolution of the UK’s General Anti- Abuse Rule. It provides a useful comparison with other Western jurisdictions’ anti-avoidance legislation, including the United States of America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Canada and the EU. The underlying theme of the book rests on the notion that the taxpayer’s subjective motives, intentions or purposes are irrelevant when assessing tax liability. The book enables students to gain a good grasp of the fundamental issues in tax avoidance in a clear manner.
Tax Compliance: Effektive Organisation der Einhaltung steuerlicher Pflichten (essentials)
by Walther PielkeDieses essential vermittelt einen Überblick über die Rahmenbedingungen von Tax Compliance. Es erläutert die verschiedenen Gründe, weshalb ein Tax Compliance Management System (Tax CMS) notwendig ist und stellt Standards für ein solches System vor. Die einzelnen Bestandteile eines Tax CMS werden anhand des in Deutschland gebräuchlichsten Standards, des IDW PS 980, erläutert. Dabei werden nicht nur die Funktionen des Management Systems, sondern auch die jeweiligen Herausforderungen aus der steuerlichen Praxis beleuchtet.
Tax Compliance and Risk Management: Perspectives from Central and Eastern Europe (Routledge Research in Tax Law)
by Piotr Karwat Katarzyna Kimla-Walenda Aleksander WernerThe concept of tax compliance is as old as the tax itself, but staying compliant with tax regulations has become increasingly demanding. A changing tax regulatory environment, resulting from regulatory actions of the OECD, the European Union and national governments, poses many problems for tax compliance awareness. This book explores various approaches to improving tax compliance. Starting with the procedures and processes that are at the centre of the debate, it includes the level of tax position security obtained as a result of cooperation between tax administration and an organisation, ending with tax compliance requirements imposed by one-sided action of tax administration. Offering an experience and evidence-based analysis of how tax compliance influences an organisation’s tax and financial position, the issues are examined from both a theoretical and a practical perspective, using empirical research and case studies with an international dimension for illustration. Emphasising a holistic approach to tax compliance and its role in tax risk management within an organisation, this study offers a framework for making the challenging task of tax compliance and risk management more effective and more efficient. Exploring tax compliance focusing on the tax world after the BEPS project and anti-tax evasion and anti-tax avoidance regulatory actions undertaken by the European Union and OECD, the book has a practical focus on tax system design within the organisation and will be of interest to students, researchers and practitioners working in the areas of tax law and tax compliance.
Tax Compliance and Risk Management: Perspectives from Central and Eastern Europe (Routledge Research in Tax Law)
by Piotr Karwat Katarzyna Kimla-Walenda Aleksander WernerThe concept of tax compliance is as old as the tax itself, but staying compliant with tax regulations has become increasingly demanding. A changing tax regulatory environment, resulting from regulatory actions of the OECD, the European Union and national governments, poses many problems for tax compliance awareness. This book explores various approaches to improving tax compliance. Starting with the procedures and processes that are at the centre of the debate, it includes the level of tax position security obtained as a result of cooperation between tax administration and an organisation, ending with tax compliance requirements imposed by one-sided action of tax administration. Offering an experience and evidence-based analysis of how tax compliance influences an organisation’s tax and financial position, the issues are examined from both a theoretical and a practical perspective, using empirical research and case studies with an international dimension for illustration. Emphasising a holistic approach to tax compliance and its role in tax risk management within an organisation, this study offers a framework for making the challenging task of tax compliance and risk management more effective and more efficient. Exploring tax compliance focusing on the tax world after the BEPS project and anti-tax evasion and anti-tax avoidance regulatory actions undertaken by the European Union and OECD, the book has a practical focus on tax system design within the organisation and will be of interest to students, researchers and practitioners working in the areas of tax law and tax compliance.
Tax Credits for the Working Poor: A Call for Reform
by Michelle Lyon DrumblThe United States introduced the earned income tax credit (EITC) in 1975, where it remains the most significant earnings-based refundable credit in the Internal Revenue Code. While the United States was the first country to use its domestic revenue system to deliver and administer social welfare benefits to lower-income individuals or families, a number of other countries, including New Zealand and Canada, have experimented with or incorporated similar credits into their tax systems. In this work, Michelle Lyon Drumbl, drawing on her extensive advocacy experience representing low-income taxpayers in EITC audits, analyzes the effectiveness of the EITC in the United States and offers suggestions for how it can be improved. This timely book should be read by anyone interested in how the EITC can be reimagined to better serve the working poor and, more generally, whether the tax system can promote social justice.
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act: The Complete Bill
by Patricia Cohen Michael CohnAt the end of 2017, Congress passed the biggest tax plan since 1986. Whether you were for or against the sweeping overhaul, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act will begin to affect individuals and businesses as early as January 2018. Yet, until now, relatively few people have had access to it or read it. Whether you file on your own, use someone to prepare your taxes, or you are an accountant yourself, to really understand how the bill will affect you means you must dig in. And having this complete resource, including the full text of the bill, will help you navigate its complexities. From dramatic reductions in taxes for corporations and other businesses, to an increase to standard individual deductions, there are many changes that Americans need to understand before the IRS comes calling. With insider analysis and insight from Patricia Cohen, who covers the national economy for the New York Times and whose front-page stories on this topic informed a nation, as well as specific tips from Michael Cohn, editor-in-chief of AccountingToday.com, this is an indispensable reference.
Tax Deductions for Professionals: Pay Less to the IRS
by Stephen FishmanThe book is organized into practical, easy-to-use categories of the most commonly-used business deductions for professionals who own their practice. It covers start-up expenses, health care costs, continuing education, professional fees, home office, and more.
Tax Deductions for Professionals: Pay Less to the IRS
by Stephen FishmanA tax deduction guide just for professionals. Keep your taxes under control! Architects, lawyers, dentists, chiropractors, doctors, and other licensed professionals are subject to special tax rules. With this book, learn how to pay less to the IRS at tax time by taking advantage of valuable tax deductions you are entitled to take. Find out how to deduct: start-up expenses medical expenses under Obamacare retirement plan contributions continuing education costs vehicles, meals, and travel, and home office expenses. Tax Deductions for Professionals will also help you choose the best legal structure, with detailed information on limited liability companies, partnerships, and professional corporations. This edition includes comprehensive coverage of the new tax law (the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act) and how it affects professionals who have a business or are thinking of starting one.
Tax Deductions for Professionals: Pay Less to the IRS
by Stephen FishmanA tax deduction guide just for professionals Keep your taxes under control! Architects, lawyers, dentists, chiropractors, doctors, and other licensed professionals are subject to special tax rules. With this book, learn how to pay less to the IRS at tax time by taking advantage of the many tax deductions available to professionals. Find out how to deduct: start-up expenses medical expenses retirement plan contributions continuing education costs vehicles, meals, and travel, and home office expenses. Tax Deductions for Professionals will also help you choose the best legal structure, with detailed information on limited liability companies, partnerships, and professional corporations. The 15th edition is updated to cover changes under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
Tax Deductions for Professionals: Pay Less to the IRS
by Stephen Fishman J.D.A tax deduction guide just for professionals. Winner of the Independent Book Publisher's Association's Benjamin Franklin Award. Keep your taxes under control! Architects, lawyers, dentists, chiropractors, doctors and other licensed professionals are subject to special tax rules. With this book, learn how to pay less to the IRS at tax time by taking advantage of valuable tax deductions you are entitled to take. Find out how to deduct: start-up expenses medical expenses under Obamacare retirement plan contributions continuing education costs vehicles, meals and travel, and home office expenses. Fully updated to cover all changes in the tax laws with updated tax numbers. Tax Deductions for Professionals will also help you choose the best legal structure, with detailed information on limited liability companies, partnerships, and professional corporations.
Tax Deductions for Professionals (4th edition)
by Stephen FishmanUnderstanding tax deductions is an essential part of any small business without the money saved by taking deductions, many businesses couldn't even get started or operate profitably once they are up and running. With this book, professionals who own their own practice can rest assured that they will learn all they need to know about the many deductions that they are legally entitled to take. Organized into practical, easy-to-use categories of the most commonly-used business deductions, also provides basic general information on how businesses are taxed and how tax deductions work, many people (including professionals) quit a job to start their own business, which means that they have no previous experience with business deductions and they need to get up to speed quickly. The 4th edition is updated with all the latest laws and tax numbers for 2009.
Tax Evasion and Tax Havens since the Nineteenth Century
by Sébastien Guex Hadrien BuclinThis collective book offers a panorama of the history of tax evasion, tax avoidance and tax havens from the nineteenth century to the present day, based on the latest research in contemporary history. It aims to show that this phenomenon is at the heart of global capitalism, partly as a response of the ruling classes to the rise of progressive taxation, but for other reasons too: notably the development of a powerful tax evasion and avoidance industry in different countries. The book argues that tax competition between states has stimulated the development of tax havens. It discusses the notion of the ‘tax haven’ and proposes a more rigorous concept - that of the ‘tax predator’. Finally, the book sheds light on the socio-political conflicts that have developed around tax evasion and the way in which states have fought against or tolerated the phenomenon.
Tax Evasion and the Law: A Comparative Analysis of the UK and USA (ISSN)
by Sam BourtonThis book provides a critical and contemporary evaluation of the laws and enforcement policies pertaining to tax evasion in the United Kingdom (UK) and United States (US). Since the inception of taxes, revenue collection authorities around the world have attempted to address the seemingly perennial problem of individuals evading their tax liabilities. The financial crisis has shone a new light on the issue with an increased interest in using the criminal justice system as a means of addressing it in the UK. In sharp contrast to the UK, the US has a strong record of prosecuting crimes of tax evasion, whether committed by individuals or professional corporate facilitators. Providing an evaluation of the UK’s tax evasion laws and enforcement policy, through a comparative approach, this work highlights insights provided by the US experience. In so doing, the book explores the interconnections between tax evasion and money laundering, identifying best practices, omissions, and areas for reform. The work will be a valuable resource for researchers, academics, and policy-makers working in the areas of financial crime, financial law, accountancy and criminal justice.
Tax Evasion and the Rule of Law in Latin America: The Political Culture of Cheating and Compliance in Argentina and Chile (G - Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects)
by Marcelo BergmanFew tasks are as crucial for the future of democracy in Latin America—and, indeed, in other underdeveloped areas of the world—as strengthening the rule of law and reforming the system of taxation.In this book, Marcelo Bergman shows how success in getting citizens to pay their taxes is related intimately to the social norms that undergird the rule of law. The threat of legal sanctions is itself insufficient to motivate compliance, he argues. That kind of deterrence works best when citizens already have other reasons to want to comply, based on their beliefs about what is fair and about how their fellow citizens are behaving. The problem of "free riding," which arises when cheaters can count on enough suckers to pay their taxes so they can avoid doing so and still benefit from the government’s supply of public goods, cannot be reversed just by stringent law, because the success of governmental enforcement ultimately depends on the social equilibrium that predominates in each country. Culture and state effectiveness are inherently linked.Using a wealth of new data drawn from his own multidimensional research involving game theory, statistical models, surveys, and simulations, Bergman compares Argentina and Chile to show how, in two societies that otherwise share much in common, the differing traditions of rule of law explain why so many citizens evade paying taxes in Argentina—and why, in Chile, most citizens comply with the law. In the concluding chapter, he draws implications for public policy from the empirical findings and generalizes his argument to other societies in Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe.
Tax Expenditure Management
by Mark Burton Kerrie SadiqA tax expenditure is a 'tax break' allowed to a taxpayer or group of taxpayers, for example, by way of concession, deduction, deferral or exemption. The tax expenditure concept, as it was first identified, was designed to demonstrate the similarity between direct government spending on the one hand and spending through the tax system on the other. The identification of benefits provided through the tax system as tax expenditures allows analysts to consider the fiscal significance of those parts of the tax system which do not contribute to the primary purpose of raising revenue. Although a seemingly simple concept, it has generated a range of complex definitional and practical issues, and this book identifies and critically assesses the controversial aspects of tax expenditure and tax expenditure management.
Tax Guide for Gig Workers
by Stephen FishmanWritten for the growing numbers of freelancers who are part of the burgeoning gig economy. At least 10% of the American workforce are now gig workers who obtain jobs through online hiring platforms like Uber, Lyft, Upwork, TaskRabbit and many others. Gig workers are typically treated as self-employed, which means their taxes are far more complicated than those of traditional employees. Many gig workers lose valuable deductions or otherwise overpay their taxes or get in trouble with the IRS because they don’t understand the tax rules that apply to them. Tax Guide for Gig Workers explains everything gig workers need to know about taxes, including how they are classified for tax purposes, how to pay self-employment and estimated taxes, what deductions to take, how to lower their taxes by taking advantage of the new 20% pass-through deduction, what records to keep, how to file a tax return, and more. Whether you drive for Uber or Lyft, code for Upwork clients, or perform paid chores through TaskRabbit, this book gives you the practical information you need to minimize your taxes while avoiding problems with the IRS.
Tax Guide for Short-Term Rentals: Airbnb, HomeAway, VRBO and More
by Stephen FishmanThe complete tax guide for Airbnb and other short-term rental hosts As a short-term rental host, you’re entitled to many valuable deductions and other tax benefits. This book—the first of its kind—shows you how to pay no more tax than necessary on your rental income while complying with IRS rules. Learn everything you need to know about taxes, including: what deductions you should be taking how to report your short-term rental income how to deduct losses vacation home and tax-free rental rules how to allocate costs when you rent a room in your home, and how to keep proper records. Whether you rent your property through Airbnb, FlipKey, HomeAway, TripAdvisor, Craigslist, or VRBO, you want to make sure you understand these tax rules. That way, you can rest assured you are making the most out of your hosting business without risking problems with the IRS.
A Tax Guide to Conservation Easements
by C. Timothy LindstromVoluntary land conservation, resulting from increasingly alluring tax benefits, has significantly changed the face of land use in the United States and promises to have an even more significant influence in the future. There are more than 1,500 land trusts in the U.S. today, involving millions of acres of land that have been permanently protected by conservation easements. Most of these land trusts depend heavily upon the significant tax benefits offered by the federal tax code as an incentive for voluntary land conservation. However, only a very small percentage of land trust personnel, landowners, or even government officials fully understand the complexity of the requirements for these tax benefits. This is a comprehensive book on the tax benefits of the charitable contribution, or bargain sale, of a conservation easement. It provides a detailed explanation of the complex and extensive requirements of the federal tax code and related concepts, including the rules governing the operation of tax-exempt organizations such as land trusts. Clearly written, systematic in its coverage, it is intended to be of value for anyone who deals with land trust issues as well as interested lay people. Structured for easy reference, A Tax Guide to Conservation Easements is designed to be used as a resource tool. Related topics are cross-referenced throughout. All principles in the book are illustrated with one or more useful examples. The tax benefits of contributing a conservation easement are unquestionably the heart of voluntary land conservation today. Knowledge of the tax law relating to land trusts and conservation easements is vital to properly establishing and managing land trusts and to insuring the tax deductibility of conservation easements. The future of voluntary land conservation is dependent on a clear understanding of tax policy. Complete, meticulous, and up to date, A Tax Guide to Conservation Easementsis an essential handbook.
Tax Havens: How Globalization Really Works (Cornell Studies in Money)
by Richard Murphy Ronen Palan Christian ChavagneuxFrom the Cayman Islands and the Isle of Man to the Principality of Liechtenstein and the state of Delaware, tax havens offer lower tax rates, less stringent regulations and enforcement, and promises of strict secrecy to individuals and corporations alike. In recent years government regulators, hoping to remedy economic crisis by diverting capital from hidden channels back into taxable view, have undertaken sustained and serious efforts to force tax havens into compliance. In Tax Havens, Ronen Palan, Richard Murphy, and Christian Chavagneux provide an up-to-date evaluation of the role and function of tax havens in the global financial system-their history, inner workings, impact, extent, and enforcement. They make clear that while, individually, tax havens may appear insignificant, together they have a major impact on the global economy. Holding up to $13 trillion of personal wealth-the equivalent of the annual U. S. Gross National Product-and serving as the legal home of two million corporate entities and half of all international lending banks, tax havens also skew the distribution of globalization's costs and benefits to the detriment of developing economies. The first comprehensive account of these entities, this book challenges much of the conventional wisdom about tax havens. The authors reveal that, rather than operating at the margins of the world economy, tax havens are integral to it. More than simple conduits for tax avoidance and evasion, tax havens actually belong to the broad world of finance, to the business of managing the monetary resources of individuals, organizations, and countries. They have become among the most powerful instruments of globalization, one of the principal causes of global financial instability, and one of the large political issues of our times.
Tax Havens and International Human Rights (Human Rights and International Law)
by Paul BeckettThis book sails in uncharted waters. It takes a human rights-based approach to tax havens, and is a detailed analysis of structures and the laws that generate and support these. It makes plain the unscrupulous or merely indifferent ways in which, using tax havens, businesses and individuals systematically undermine and for all practical purposes eliminate access to remedies under international human rights law. It exposes as abusive of human rights a complex structural web of trusts, companies, partnerships, foundations, nominees and fiduciaries; secrecy, immunity and smoke screens. It also lays bare the cynical manipulation by tax havens of traditional legal forms and conventions, and the creation of entities so bizarre and chimeric that they defy classification. Yet from the perspective of the tax havens themselves, these are entirely legitimate; the product of duly enacted domestic laws. This book is not a work of investigative journalism in the style of the Pulitzer Prize-winning authors of The Panama Papers, exposing political or financial corruption, money laundering or the financing of terrorism. All those elements are present of course, but the focus is on international human rights and how tax havens do not merely facilitate but actively connive at their breach. The tax havens are compromising the international human rights legal continuum.