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Violence, Gender and the State: ‘Not Just’ A Legal Analysis
by Saumya UmaThis book examines the adequacy of laws in India as a response to sexual and gender-based violence against women. It addresses questions such as: is law doing enough in responding to violence against women in India? Where are the barriers and bottlenecks, particularly for women from marginalised communities? What can be done to ensure that justice is rendered? Based on women’s experience of violence, not solely on the basis of gender, but a combination of caste, class, and religious and gender identities, the book examines law as a response to gendered violence against women in India through the lens of intersectionality. It combines socio-legal and feminist analyses of relevant statutes on sexual and gender-based violence, their judicial interpretations, their implementation by law enforcement agencies, and their ramifications for women’s lives. This book will be of interest to academics, research scholars, and students in a range of disciplines, including law, women’s studies, gender and sexuality studies, victimology, sociology, political science, and human rights. It will also be useful for policymakers, advocates, judicial officers, paralegal workers, women’s rights campaigners, non-profit organisations and, globally, anyone interested in and concerned with justice for women in India.
Violence, Imagination, and Resistance: Socio-legal Interrogations of Power
by Katrin Roots Mariful Alam Patrick DwyerMuch of the discussion of social transformation and resistance in socio-legal studies centres around the question of whether and how the law can be used to achieve practical change. However, the editors of this volume argue that it will never be possible to enact change through the law because it is inseparable from violence, be it metaphysical, social, or political. They posit that a “just world,” free from oppressive power relations, requires us to imagine communities where the state and its law cease to exist. Contributors address the underexplored questions of what alternatives to law could look like: how communities could organize their everyday lives, and how they could address social and interpersonal conflicts outside of an apparatus of violence. These essays contribute to the ongoing interrogation of settler colonialism, racism, and structural violence in Canada by demonstrating how to expose the violence the law produces, how to deconstruct law’s power, and, finally, how to identify modes of resistance that have transformative potential.
Violence in Extreme Conditions: Ethical Challenges in Military Practice
by Eric-Hans Kramer Tine MolendijkAs an organization operating under extreme conditions, the military is often confronted with destructive behavior from individuals, organizations, and societies. Written by experts from a variety of disciplines, this open access book reflects on confrontations with violence under extreme conditions and the various challenges that arise.By examining real first-hand accounts of soldiers’ deployments, the contributions shed new light on the multifaceted and sometimes hidden dynamics of destructive violent behavior and offer an ethical reflection on military practices. In addition, they address topics such as moral decision-making in violent contexts, military trauma, organizational change, and military ethics education.The interdisciplinary exploration of these topics has been the primary focus of Désirée Verweij, who was the Chair of Military Ethics at the Netherlands Defence Academy from 2008 to 2021. The contributions in this book are written in honor of her scholarly achievements and help to ensure that these important issues continue to receive attention. The book will appeal to scholars of military studies, organizational studies and military ethics, and to professionals and decisionmakers in military organizations.
Violence in Intimate Spaces: Law and Beyond (Sustainable Development Goals Series)
by Pinki Mathur Anurag Santwana DwivedyThis book provides a textured understanding of intimate violence across the unlimited stretch of human relationships, institutions, and social structures. The volume has been conceptualized with the overarching objective to provide the reader with a collection of thoughtfully selected chapters that critically examine existing literature for an in-depth analysis of institutions through the lens of violence, beyond disciplinary and topical boundaries, from a range of methodologies. The book encourages reflections on the complexities of society, its institutions and gendered norms that enmesh violence and intimate relationships. It further examines the socio-normative contexts within which violence operates as a tool for maintaining inequalities in society. The chapters in this volume attempt to address questions such as: What are the complexities in the relationship between the perpetrator and the victim which sustain and legitimize violence? What are the diverse dimensions of violence in intimate relationships? What role does violence in intimate spaces play in preserving status quo and the pervasive gendered hierarchies within society and its institutions? Who is vulnerable to violence and why? The book covers conversations on intimate space violence and relationships that have not been explored hitherto in mainstream academic debates. The volume pivots violence fundamentally as a product of ‘entitlements’ based on gendered social hierarchies and critical intersectionalities to examine its manifestations in a variety of intimate situations and relationships beyond socio-cultural, religious and geographical boundaries. The book provides invaluable learnings for academics, researchers, students, lawyers, sociologists, social workers, health professionals and policymakers.
Violence in Roman Egypt: A Study in Legal Interpretation (Empire and After)
by Ari Z. BryenWhat can we learn about the world of an ancient empire from the ways that people complain when they feel that they have been violated? What role did law play in people's lives? And what did they expect their government to do for them when they felt harmed and helpless?If ancient historians have frequently written about nonelite people as if they were undifferentiated and interchangeable, Ari Z. Bryen counters by drawing on one of our few sources of personal narratives from the Roman world: over a hundred papyrus petitions, submitted to local and imperial officials, in which individuals from the Egyptian countryside sought redress for acts of violence committed against them. By assembling these long-neglected materials (also translated as an appendix to the book) and putting them in conversation with contemporary perspectives from legal anthropology and social theory, Bryen shows how legal stories were used to work out relations of deference within local communities.Rather than a simple force of imperial power, an open legal system allowed petitioners to define their relationships with their local adversaries while contributing to the body of rules and expectations by which they would live in the future. In so doing, these Egyptian petitioners contributed to the creation of Roman imperial order more generally.
Violence in Today's School Workplace: Protecting Teachers and School Employees in a Violent Age
by Diane H. Williamson David E. Strecker Henry TownsendIncreasingly, headlines today report out-of-control student violence occurring in our schools and colleges. Yet so little concrete action is being taken to protect the bystanding victims of this trauma, the school worker. Classroom teachers, administrators, coaches, school bus drivers, cafeteria workers, custodians, and other school employees a
Violence, Law and the Impossibility of Transitional Justice
by Catherine TurnerThe field of transitional justice has expanded rapidly since the term first emerged in the late 1990s. Its intellectual development has, however, tended to follow practice rather than drive it. Addressing this gap, Violence, Law and the Impossibility of Transitional Justice pursues a comprehensive theoretical inquiry into the foundation and evolution of transitional justice. Presenting a detailed deconstruction of the role of law in transition, the book explores the reasons for resistance to transitional justice. It explores the ways in which law itself is complicit in perpetuating conflict, and asks whether a narrow vision of transitional justice – underpinned by a strictly normative or doctrinal concept of law – can undermine the promise of justice. Drawing on case material, as well as on perspectives from a range of disciplines, including law, political science, anthropology and philosophy, this book will be of considerable interest to those concerned with the theory and practice of transitional justice.
Violence Never Heals: The Lifelong Effects of Intimate Partner Violence for Immigrant Women (Anthropologies of American Medicine: Culture, Power, and Practice)
by Allison BloomExplores experiences with disability and aging for immigrant survivors of domestic violence across thelife courseAcross the United States, one in three women experiences violence in their intimate relationships. More resources are now being devoted to providing these women with immediate care; but what happens to survivors, especially those from marginalized communities, as they grow older and grapple with the long-term effects? In Violence Never Heals, Allison Bloom presents a life-course perspective on the disabling experience of violence in Latina immigrant communities.Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork performed in a Latina program at an Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) crisis center, Bloom offers insights into the long-term effects of systemic and gender-based violence, revealing that these experiences become subtly disabling long before old age. Drawing from her own background as a practitioner, Bloom further details how current IPV services fail to acknowledge and accommodate such effects, in large part because of their disproportionate focus on younger survivors and the particular development of the domestic violence services field. She offers both scholars and practitioners concrete strategies for how they can alter their approaches to better treat and mitigate the lifelong effects of domestic violence. Violence Never Heals addresses a glaring omission in IPV scholarship, providing both an aging-focused perspective on IPV as well as laying out concrete steps for how to implement this perspective in pursuit of more comprehensive treatment.
The Violence of Peace: America's Wars in the Age of Obama
by Stephen Carter"The man who many considered the peace candidate in the last election was transformed into a war president," writes bestselling author and leading academic Stephen l. Carter in The Violence of Peace, his new book decoding what President Barack Obama's views on war mean for America and its role in military conflict, now and going forward. As America winds down a war in Iraq, ratchets up another in Afghanistan, and continues a global war on terrorism, Carter delves into the implications of the military philosophy Obama has adopted through his first two years in office. Responding to the invitation that Obama himself issued in his Nobel address, Carter uses the tools of the Western tradition of just and unjust war to evaluate Obama's actions and words about military conflict, offering insight into how the president will handle existing and future wars, and into how his judgment will shape America's fate. Carter also explores war as a way to defend others from tyrannical regimes, which Obama has endorsed but not yet tested, and reveals the surprising ways in which some of the tactics Obama has used or authorized are more extreme than those of his predecessor, George W. Bush. "Keeping the nation at peace," Carter writes, "often requires battle," and this book lays bare exactly how America's wars in Afghanistan and Iraq are shaping the way Obama views the country's role in conflict and peace, ultimately determining the fate of the nation.
The Violence of the Biblical God: Canonical Narrative And Christian Faith
by John Goldingay L. Daniel HawkHow can we make sense of violence in the Bible? Joshua commands the people of Israel to wipe out everyone in the promised land of Canaan, while Jesus commands God’s people to love their enemies. How are we to interpret biblical passages on violence when it is sanctioned at one point and condemned at another?The Violence of the Biblical God by L. Daniel Hawk presents a new framework, solidly rooted in the authority of Scripture, for understanding the paradox of God’s participation in violence. Hawk shows how the historical narrative of the Bible offers multiple canonical pictures for faithful Christian engagement with the violent systems of the world.
The Violence of the Biblical God: Canonical Narrative And Christian Faith
by L. Daniel HawkHow can we make sense of violence in the Bible? Joshua commands the people of Israel to wipe out everyone in the promised land of Canaan, while Jesus commands God&’s people to love their enemies. How are we to interpret biblical passages on violence when it is sanctioned at one point and condemned at another?The Violence of the Biblical God by L. Daniel Hawk presents a new framework, solidly rooted in the authority of Scripture, for understanding the paradox of God&’s participation in violence. Hawk shows how the historical narrative of the Bible offers multiple canonical pictures for faithful Christian engagement with the violent systems of the world.
Viral Hate: Containing Its Spread on the Internet
by Abraham H. Foxman Christopher WolfEmboldened by anonymity, individuals and organizations from both left and right are freely spewing hateful vitriol on the Internet without worrying about repercussions.Lies, bullying, conspiracy theories, bigoted and racist rants, and calls for violence targeting the most vulnerable circulate openly on the web.And thanks to the guarantees of the First Amendment and the borderless nature of the Internet,governing bodies are largely helpless to control this massive assault on human dignity and safety. Abe Foxman and Christopher Wolf expose the threat that this unregulated flow of bigotry poses to the world.They explore how social media companies like Facebook and YouTube, as well as search engine giant Google, are struggling to reconcile the demands of business with freedom of speech and the disturbing threat posed by today's purveyors of hate. And they explain the best tools available to citizens, parents, educators, law enforcement officers, and policy makers toprotect thetwin values of transparency and responsibility. As Foxman and Wolf show, only an aroused and engaged citizenry can stop the hate contagion before it spirals out of control - with potentially disastrous results.
The Viral Politics of Covid-19: Nature, Home, and Planetary Health (Biolegalities)
by Vanessa Lemm Miguel VatterThis book critically examines the COVID-19 pandemic and its legal and biological governance using a multidisciplinary approach. The perspectives reflected in this volume investigate the imbrications between technosphere and biosphere at social, economic, and political levels. The biolegal dimensions of our evolving understanding of “home” are analysed as the common thread linking the problem of zoonotic diseases and planetary health with that of geopolitics, biosecurity, bioeconomics and biophilosophies of the plant-animal-human interface. In doing so, the contributions collectively highlight the complexities, challenges, and opportunities for humanity, opening new perspectives on how to inhabit our shared planet. This volume will broadly appeal to scholars and students in anthropology, cultural and media studies, history, philosophy, political science and public health, sociology and science and technology studies.
The Virtopsy Approach: 3D Optical and Radiological Scanning and Reconstruction in Forensic Medicine
by Michael J. Thali Richard Dirnhofer Peter VockCharred, badly decomposed, or mummified corpses, as well as those restrictions forced upon coroners by certain religious sects, often make autopsies impossible to perform. In addition, lack of manpower among the personnel charged with performing autopsies frequently creates a backlog of cases in the coroner‘s office. This delay increases the likeli
Virtual Competition
by Ariel EzrachiAriel Ezrachi and Maurice Stucke take a hard look at today's app-assisted paradise of digital shopping. The algorithms and data-crunching that make online purchasing so convenient are also changing the nature of the market by shifting power into the hands of the few, with risks to competition, our democratic ideals, and our overall well-being.
Virtual Freedom
by Dawn C. NunziatoCommunications giants like Google, Comcast, and AT&T enjoy increasingly unchecked control over speech. As providers of broadband access and Internet search engines, they can control online expression. Their online content restrictions-from obstructing e-mail to censoring cablecasts-are considered legal because of recent changes in free speech law. In this book, Dawn Nunziato criticizes recent changes in free speech law in which only the government need refrain from censoring speech, while companies are permitted to self-regulate. By enabling Internet providers to exercise control over content, the Supreme Court and the FCC have failed to protect the public's right to access a broad diversity of content. Nunziato argues that regulation is necessary to ensure the free flow of information and to render the First Amendment meaningful in the twenty-first century. This book offers an urgent call to action, recommending immediate steps to preserve our free speech rights online.
Virtual Freedoms, Terrorism and the Law (Routledge-Giappichelli Studies in Law)
by Giovanna De MinicoThis book examines the risks to freedom of expression, particularly in relation to the internet, as a result of regulation introduced in response to terrorist threats. The work explores the challenges of maintaining security in the fight against traditional terrorism while protecting fundamental freedoms, particularly online freedom of expression. The topics discussed include the clash between freedom of speech and national security; the multijurisdictional nature of the internet and the implications for national sovereignty and transnational legal structures; how to determine legitimate and illegitimate association online; and the implications for privacy and data protection. The book presents a theoretical analysis combined with empirical research to demonstrate the difficulty of combatting internet use by terror organizations or individuals and the range of remedies that might be drawn from national and international law. The work will be essential reading for students, researchers and policy makers in the areas of Constitutional law; Criminal Law, European and International law, Information and Technology law and Security Studies.
Virtual Justice
by Greg LastowkaTens of millions of people today are living part of their life in a virtual world. In places like World of Warcraft, Second Life, and Free Realms, people are making friends, building communities, creating art, and making real money. Business is booming on the virtual frontier, as billions of dollars are paid in exchange for pixels on screens. But sometimes things go wrong. Virtual criminals defraud online communities in pursuit of real-world profits. People feel cheated when their avatars lose virtual property to wrongdoers. Increasingly, they turn to legal systems for solutions. But when your avatar has been robbed, what law is there to assist you? InVirtual Justice,Greg Lastowka illustrates the real legal dilemmas posed by virtual worlds. Presenting the most recent lawsuits and controversies, he explains how governments are responding to the chaos on the cyberspace frontier. After an engaging overview of the history and business models of today's virtual worlds, he explores how laws of property, jurisdiction, crime, and copyright are being adapted to pave the path of virtual law. Virtual worlds are becoming more important to society with each passing year. This pioneering study will be an invaluable guide to scholars of online communities for years to come.
Virtual Law Practice: How to Deliver Legal Services Online
by Stephanie L. KimbroThe legal market has recently experienced a dramatic shift as lawyers seek out alternative methods of practicing law and providing more affordable legal services. Virtual law practice is revolutionizing the way the public receives legal services and how legal professionals work with clients. Stephanie Kimbro's practical guide teaches lawyers how to set up and run a virtual law firm. It provides case studies of individual virtual law practices along with client scenarios to show how web-based technology may be used by legal professionals to work with online clients and avoid malpractice risks.
The Virtual Prison: Community Custody and the Evolution of Imprisonment
by Julian V. RobertsThe last twenty five years have seen dramatic rises in the prison populations of most industrialised nations. Unable to keep up with increased numbers of convicted offenders, governments and criminal justice systems have been seeking new ways to control and punish offenders. One sanction adopted in Canada and some parts of Europe and the US is community custody which attempts to recreate the punitive nature of prison but without incarceration. This book analyzes the effectiveness of this approach and explores its implications for offenders and society as a whole. It demonstrates that if properly conceived and administered, community custody can reduce the number of prison admissions and at the same time promote multiple goals of sentencing. So that offenders given community custody orders are punished yet also given the opportunity to change their lives in ways that would be impossible if they were in prison. Julian V. Roberts has been working in the area of sentencing and public opinion for over twenty years. He is Editor of The Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice and has written and co-edited ten books.
The Virtual Public Servant: Artificial Intelligence and Frontline Work
by Stephen JeffaresWith recent advances and investment in artificial intelligence, are we on the verge of introducing virtual public servants? Governments around the world are rapidly deploying robots and virtual agents in healthcare, education, local government, social care, and criminal justice. These advances not only promise unprecedented levels of control and convenience at a reduced cost but also claim to connect, to empathise, and to build trust. This book documents how—after decades of designing out costly face to face transactions, investment in call centres, and incentivising citizens to self-service—the tech industry is promising to re-humanise our frontline public services. It breaks out of disciplinary silos and moves us on from the polarised hype vs. fear discussion on the future of work. It does so through in-depth Q-methodology interviews with a wide range of frontline public servants, from doctors to librarians, from social workers to school receptionists, and from police officers to call handlers. The first of its kind, this book should be of interest across the social sciences and to anyone concerned with how recent measures to digitise and automate our services are paving the way for the development of full-blown AI in frontline work.
Virtual Searches: Regulating the Covert World of Technological Policing
by Christopher SloboginChoice Outstanding Academic Title 2023A close look at innovations in policing and the law that should govern themA host of technologies—among them digital cameras, drones, facial recognition devices, night-vision binoculars, automated license plate readers, GPS, geofencing, DNA matching, datamining, and artificial intelligence—have enabled police to carry out much of their work without leaving the office or squad car, in ways that do not easily fit the traditional physical search and seizure model envisioned by the framers of the Constitution. Virtual Searches develops a useful typology for sorting through this bewildering array of old, new, and soon-to-arrive policing techniques. It then lays out a framework for regulating their use that expands the Fourth Amendment’s privacy protections without blindly imposing its warrant requirement, and that prioritizes democratic over judicial policymaking. The coherent regulatory regime developed in Virtual Searches ensures that police are held accountable for their use of technology without denying them the increased efficiency it provides in their efforts to protect the public. Whether policing agencies are pursuing an identified suspect, constructing profiles of likely perpetrators, trying to find matches with crime scene evidence, collecting data to help with these tasks, or using private companies to do so, Virtual Searches provides a template for ensuring their actions are constitutionally legitimate and responsive to the polity.
The Virtual Workplace: Public Health, Efficiency, and Opportunity
by Joseph A. SeinerThe recent pandemic has clarified the overwhelming connection between the workplace and technology. With thousands of employees suddenly forced to work at home, a large segment of the workforce quickly received crash courses in videoconferencing and other technologies, and society as a whole took a step back to redefine what employment actually means. The virtual workplace is the blending of brick-and-mortar physical places of business with the advanced technologies that now make it possible for workers to perform their duties outside of the office. Trying to regulate in this area requires the application of decades old employment laws to a context never even contemplated by the legislatures that wrote those rules. This book explores the emerging issues of virtual work—defining employment, litigating claims, aggregating cases, unionizing workers, and preventing harassment—and provides clarity to these areas, synthesizing the current case law, statutory rules, and academic literature to provide guidance to workers and companies operating in the technology sector.
Virtual Worlds and Criminality
by Dieter Hermann Kai Cornelius, LL.M.The fusion between virtuality and reality has created a new quality of experience establishing metaverses and virtual worlds. Second Life, Twinity, Entropia Universe or Fregger have experienced rapid growth in recent years and show no signs of slowing down. Not only have countless companies discovered these "virtureal worlds" as marketplaces, but so have fraudsters and other criminals. In this book, European experts from different academic disciplines show how to meet the new challenges arising from virtual worlds. They discuss the reasons for and the impacts of these new forms of criminality as well as the necessity and means of combating them. Moreover, other fundamental issues are examined, such as the addictive potential of virtual-world use, media violence, and conflict resolution problems arising in the context of virtual worlds.
Virtue and Meaning: A Neo-Aristotelian Perspective
by David McPhersonThe revival of Aristotelian virtue ethics can be seen as a response to the modern problem of disenchantment, that is, the perceived loss of meaning in modernity. However, in Virtue and Meaning, David McPherson contends that the dominant approach still embraces an overly disenchanted view. In a wide-ranging discussion, McPherson argues for a more fully re-enchanted perspective that gives better recognition to the meanings by which we live and after which we seek, and to the fact that human beings are the meaning-seeking animal. In doing so, he defends distinctive accounts of the relationship between virtue and happiness, other-regarding demands, and the significance of linking neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics with a view of the meaning of life and a spiritual life where contemplation has a central role. This book will be valuable for philosophers and other readers who are interested in virtue ethics and the perennial question of the meaning of life.