- Table View
- List View
Geometric Properties for Parabolic and Elliptic PDE's (Springer INdAM Series #47)
by Vincenzo Ferone Tatsuki Kawakami Paolo Salani Futoshi TakahashiThis book contains the contributions resulting from the 6th Italian-Japanese workshop on Geometric Properties for Parabolic and Elliptic PDEs, which was held in Cortona (Italy) during the week of May 20–24, 2019. This book will be of great interest for the mathematical community and in particular for researchers studying parabolic and elliptic PDEs. It covers many different fields of current research as follows: convexity of solutions to PDEs, qualitative properties of solutions to parabolic equations, overdetermined problems, inverse problems, Brunn-Minkowski inequalities, Sobolev inequalities, and isoperimetric inequalities.
Geometric Properties for Parabolic and Elliptic PDE's
by Filippo Gazzola Kazuhiro Ishige Carlo Nitsch Paolo SalaniThis book collects recent research papers by respected specialists in the field. It presents advances in the field of geometric properties for parabolic and elliptic partial differential equations, an area that has always attracted great attention. It settles the basic issues (existence, uniqueness, stability and regularity of solutions of initial/boundary value problems) before focusing on the topological and/or geometric aspects. These topics interact with many other areas of research and rely on a wide range of mathematical tools and techniques, both analytic and geometric. The Italian and Japanese mathematical schools have a long history of research on PDEs and have numerous active groups collaborating in the study of the geometric properties of their solutions.
Geometric Puzzle Design
by Stewart CoffinThis book discusses how to design "good" geometric puzzles: two-dimensional dissection puzzles, polyhedral dissections, and burrs. It outlines major categories of geometric puzzles and provides examples, sometimes going into the history and philosophy of those examples. The author presents challenges and thoughtful questions, as well as practical d
Geometric Quantization and Applications to Fields and Fluids (SpringerBriefs in Physics)
by V. Parameswaran NairThis open access book explains geometric quantization from a physicist’s perspective. After presenting the general formalism, it delves into several examples reflecting current research interests in high-energy physics and condensed matter physics. Applications explore Chern-Simons theory, theta vacuum, the Hall effect, fluid dynamics, and elements of noncommutative geometry. The content is tailored to appeal to researchers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates in high-energy physics, particle physics, and mathematical physics. A background in differential geometry and group theory is beneficial for a comprehensive understanding of the discussions.
Geometric Representation Theory and Gauge Theory: Cetraro, Italy 2018 (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #2248)
by Alexander Braverman Michael Finkelberg Andrei Negut Alexei OblomkovThis book offers a review of the vibrant areas of geometric representation theory and gauge theory, which are characterized by a merging of traditional techniques in representation theory with the use of powerful tools from algebraic geometry, and with strong inputs from physics. The notes are based on lectures delivered at the CIME school "Geometric Representation Theory and Gauge Theory" held in Cetraro, Italy, in June 2018. They comprise three contributions, due to Alexander Braverman and Michael Finkelberg, Andrei Negut, and Alexei Oblomkov, respectively. Braverman and Finkelberg’s notes review the mathematical theory of the Coulomb branch of 3D N=4 quantum gauge theories. The purpose of Negut’s notes is to study moduli spaces of sheaves on a surface, as well as Hecke correspondences between them. Oblomkov's notes concern matrix factorizations and knot homology. This book will appeal to both mathematicians and theoretical physicists and will be a source of inspiration for PhD students and researchers.
Geometric Science of Information
by Frank Nielsen Frédéric BarbarescoThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Geometric Science of Information, GSI 2015, held in Palaiseau, France, in October 2015. The 80 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 110 submissions and are organized into the following thematic sessions: Dimension reduction on Riemannian manifolds; optimal transport; optimal transport and applications in imagery/statistics; shape space and diffeomorphic mappings; random geometry/homology; Hessian information geometry; topological forms and Information; information geometry optimization; information geometry in image analysis; divergence geometry; optimization on manifold; Lie groups and geometric mechanics/thermodynamics; computational information geometry; Lie groups: novel statistical and computational frontiers; geometry of time series and linear dynamical systems; and Bayesian and information geometry for inverse problems.
Geometric Science of Information
by Frank Nielsen Frédéric BarbarescoThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Geometric Science of Information, GSI 2013, held in Paris, France, in August 2013. The nearly 100 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions and are organized into the following thematic sessions: Geometric Statistics on Manifolds and Lie Groups, Deformations in Shape Spaces, Differential Geometry in Signal Processing, Relational Metric, Discrete Metric Spaces, Computational Information Geometry, Hessian Information Geometry I and II, Computational Aspects of Information Geometry in Statistics, Optimization on Matrix Manifolds, Optimal Transport Theory, Probability on Manifolds, Divergence Geometry and Ancillarity, Entropic Geometry, Tensor-Valued Mathematical Morphology, Machine/Manifold/Topology Learning, Geometry of Audio Processing, Geometry of Inverse Problems, Algebraic/Infinite dimensional/Banach Information Manifolds, Information Geometry Manifolds, and Algorithms on Manifolds.
Geometric Science of Information: Third International Conference, Gsi 2017, Paris, France, November 7-9, 2017, Proceedings (Lecture Notes In Computer Science Ser. #10589)
by Frank Nielsen Frédéric BarbarescoThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Geometric Science of Information, GSI 2021, held in Paris, France, in July 2021. The 98 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 125 submissions. They cover all the main topics and highlights in the domain of geometric science of information, including information geometry manifolds of structured data/information and their advanced applications. The papers are organized in the following topics: Probability and statistics on Riemannian Manifolds; sub-Riemannian geometry and neuromathematics; shapes spaces; geometry of quantum states; geometric and structure preserving discretizations; information geometry in physics; Lie group machine learning; geometric and symplectic methods for hydrodynamical models; harmonic analysis on Lie groups; statistical manifold and Hessian information geometry; geometric mechanics; deformed entropy, cross-entropy, and relative entropy; transformation information geometry; statistics, information and topology; geometric deep learning; topological and geometrical structures in neurosciences; computational information geometry; manifold and optimization; divergence statistics; optimal transport and learning; and geometric structures in thermodynamics and statistical physics.
Geometric Singular Perturbation Theory Beyond the Standard Form (Frontiers in Applied Dynamical Systems: Reviews and Tutorials #6)
by Martin WechselbergerThis volume provides a comprehensive review of multiple-scale dynamical systems. Mathematical models of such multiple-scale systems are considered singular perturbation problems, and this volume focuses on the geometric approach known as Geometric Singular Perturbation Theory (GSPT). It is the first of its kind that introduces the GSPT in a coordinate-independent manner. This is motivated by specific examples of biochemical reaction networks, electronic circuit and mechanic oscillator models and advection-reaction-diffusion models, all with an inherent non-uniform scale splitting, which identifies these examples as singular perturbation problems beyond the standard form. The contents cover a general framework for this GSPT beyond the standard form including canard theory, concrete applications, and instructive qualitative models. It contains many illustrations and key pointers to the existing literature. The target audience are senior undergraduates, graduate students and researchers interested in using the GSPT toolbox in nonlinear science, either from a theoretical or an application point of view. Martin Wechselberger is Professor at the School of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Sydney, Australia. He received the J.D. Crawford Prize in 2017 by the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) for achievements in the field of dynamical systems with multiple time-scales.
Geometric Structures: An Inquiry-Based Approach for Prospective Elementary and Middle School Teachers
by Douglas Aichele John WolfeFor prospective elementary and middle school teachers. This text provides a creative, inquiry-based experience with geometry that is appropriate for prospective elementary and middle school teachers. The coherent series of text activities supports each student’s growth toward being a confident, independent learner empowered with the help of peers to make sense of the geometric world. This curriculum is explicitly developed to provide future elementary and middle school teachers with experience recalling and appropriately using standard geometry ideas, experience learning and making sense of new geometry, experience discussing geometry with peers, experience asking questions about geometry, experience listening and understanding as others talk about geometry, experience gaining meaning from reading geometry, experience expressing geometry ideas through writing, experience thinking about geometry, and experience doing geometry. These activities constitute an “inquiry based” curriculum. In this style of learning and teaching, whole class discussions and group work replace listening to lectures as the dominant class activity.
Geometric Structures of Information (Signals and Communication Technology)
by Frank NielsenThis book focuses on information geometry manifolds of structured data/information and their advanced applications featuring new and fruitful interactions between several branches of science: information science, mathematics and physics. It addresses interrelations between different mathematical domains like shape spaces, probability/optimization & algorithms on manifolds, relational and discrete metric spaces, computational and Hessian information geometry, algebraic/infinite dimensional/Banach information manifolds, divergence geometry, tensor-valued morphology, optimal transport theory, manifold & topology learning, and applications like geometries of audio-processing, inverse problems and signal processing. The book collects the most important contributions to the conference GSI’2017 – Geometric Science of Information.
Geometric Structures of Statistical Physics, Information Geometry, and Learning
by Frédéric Barbaresco Frank NielsenMachine learning and artificial intelligence increasingly use methodological tools rooted in statistical physics. Conversely, limitations and pitfalls encountered in AI question the very foundations of statistical physics. This interplay between AI and statistical physics has been attested since the birth of AI, and principles underpinning statistical physics can shed new light on the conceptual basis of AI. During the last fifty years, statistical physics has been investigated through new geometric structures allowing covariant formalization of the thermodynamics. Inference methods in machine learning have begun to adapt these new geometric structures to process data in more abstract representation spaces. <P><P> This volume collects selected contributions on the interplay of statistical physics and artificial intelligence. The aim is to provide a constructive dialogue around a common foundation to allow the establishment of new principles and laws governing these two disciplines in a unified manner. The contributions were presented at the workshop on the Joint Structures and Common Foundation of Statistical Physics, Information Geometry and Inference for Learning which was held in Les Houches in July 2020. The various theoretical approaches are discussed in the context of potential applications in cognitive systems, machine learning, signal processing.
Geometric Sturmian Theory of Nonlinear Parabolic Equations and Applications (Chapman & Hall/CRC Applied Mathematics & Nonlinear Science)
by null Victor A. GalaktionovUnlike the classical Sturm theorems on the zeros of solutions of second-order ODEs, Sturm's evolution zero set analysis for parabolic PDEs did not attract much attention in the 19th century, and, in fact, it was lost or forgotten for almost a century. Briefly revived by P�lya in the 1930's and rediscovered in part several times since, it was not un
The Geometric Theory of Complex Variables
by Peter V. Dovbush Steven G. KrantzThis book provides the reader with a broad introduction to the geometric methodology in complex analysis. It covers both single and several complex variables, creating a dialogue between the two viewpoints. Regarded as one of the 'grand old ladies' of modern mathematics, complex analysis traces its roots back 500 years. The subject began to flourish with Carl Friedrich Gauss's thesis around 1800. The geometric aspects of the theory can be traced back to the Riemann mapping theorem around 1850, with a significant milestone achieved in 1938 with Lars Ahlfors's geometrization of complex analysis. These ideas inspired many other mathematicians to adopt this perspective, leading to the proliferation of geometric theory of complex variables in various directions, including Riemann surfaces, Teichmüller theory, complex manifolds, extremal problems, and many others. This book explores all these areas, with classical geometric function theory as its main focus. Its accessible and gentle approach makes it suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students seeking to understand the connections among topics usually scattered across numerous textbooks, as well as experienced mathematicians with an interest in this rich field.
Geometric Theory of Information
by Frank NielsenThis book brings together geometric tools and their applications for Information analysis. It collects current and many uses of in the interdisciplinary fields of Information Geometry Manifolds in Advanced Signal, Image & Video Processing, Complex Data Modeling and Analysis, Information Ranking and Retrieval, Coding, Cognitive Systems, Optimal Control, Statistics on Manifolds, Machine Learning, Speech/sound recognition and natural language treatment which are also substantially relevant for the industry.
Geometrical and Statistical Methods of Analysis of Star Configurations Dating Ptolemy's Almagest
by A.T. FomenkoThis easy-to-follow book offers a statistico-geometrical approach for dating ancient star catalogs. The authors' scientific methods reveal statistical properties of ancient catalogs and overcome the difficulties of their dating originated by the low accuracy of these catalogs. Methods are tested on reliably dated medieval star catalogs and applied to the star catalog of the Almagest. Here, the dating of Ptolemy's famous star catalog is reconsidered and recalculated using modern mathematical techniques.The text provides necessary information from astronomy and astrometry. It also covers the history of observational equipment and methods for measuring coordinates of stars. Many chapters are devoted to the Almagest, from a preliminary analysis to a global statistical processing of the catalog and its basic parts. Mathematics are simplified in this book for easy reading. This book will prove invaluable for mathematicians, astronomers, astrophysicists, specialists in natural sciences, historians interested in mathematical and statistical methods, and second-year mathematics students.Features:
A Geometrical Approach to Physics
by David A. Burton Adam NobleThis book provides an accessible introduction to using the tools of differential geometry to tackle a wide range of topics in physics, with the concepts developed through numerous examples to help the reader become familiar with the techniques.Physical applications are used to develop the techniques and demonstrate their wide-ranging applicability. Formalism is introduced sparingly and step-by-step, where it is needed, and chapters contain exercises for readers to test their understanding. Worked solutions to the exercises are included.It is an ideal textbook for advanced undergraduate or postgraduate courses on mathematical methods for physicists, for students whose background is in physics rather than mathematics. It is assumed that the reader has no prior knowledge of mathematical methods beyond the content of a standard undergraduate physics degree.The purpose of the book is to act as a ‘gateway’ to more advanced books on the applications of differential geometry in physics. It will also help the reader to better appreciate modern physics research that makes use of differential geometry, and the common features that permeate the discipline as a whole.Key Features: Presents a light and accessible treatment. Can be used as a textbook for a short course on mathematical methods for physicists. Accessible to advanced undergraduates and postgraduates whose background is in physics, not mathematics. David A. Burton received his PhD from Lancaster University, UK, in 2000 and was appointed Lecturer in Physics there in 2005. He is currently Senior Lecturer in Physics at Lancaster. He began his research career in relativistic continuum mechanics and gravitational physics before turning to fluid-structure interactions (in particular, vortex-induced vibration) and, in later years, to relativistic laser-plasma interactions.Adam Noble received his PhD in 2006, also from Lancaster University, and has since held postdoctoral positions at Lancaster and the University of Strathclyde, Scotland, where he is currently a Research Fellow. His interests lie at the interface of physics with geometry, in particular electrodynamics of intense fields, plasma physics and particle physics.The authors maintain a long-standing collaboration and, over the years, have worked on a number of topics connecting electromagnetics, gravitation and plasma physics, including gravitational Sagnac interferometry, relativistic wave-breaking in plasmas, radiation reaction in relativistic plasmas and charged particle beams, and the use of laser-wakefield accelerators in searches for light, weakly-interacting, candidates for dark matter.
The Geometrical Beauty of Plants
by Johan GielisThis book focuses on the origin of the Gielis curves, surfaces and transformations in the plant sciences. It is shown how these transformations, as a generalization of the Pythagorean Theorem, play an essential role in plant morphology and development. New insights show how plants can be understood as developing mathematical equations, which opens the possibility of directly solving analytically any boundary value problems (stress, diffusion, vibration. . . ) . The book illustrates how form, development and evolution of plants unveil as a musical symphony. The reader will gain insight in how the methods are applicable in many divers scientific and technological fields.
Geometrical Formulation of Renormalization-Group Method as an Asymptotic Analysis: With Applications to Derivation of Causal Fluid Dynamics (Fundamental Theories of Physics #206)
by Teiji Kunihiro Yuta Kikuchi Kyosuke TsumuraThis book presents a comprehensive account of the renormalization-group (RG) method and its extension, the doublet scheme, in a geometrical point of view. It extract long timescale macroscopic/mesoscopic dynamics from microscopic equations in an intuitively understandable way rather than in a mathematically rigorous manner and introduces readers to a mathematically elementary, but useful and widely applicable technique for analyzing asymptotic solutions in mathematical models of nature. The book begins with the basic notion of the RG theory, including its connection with the separation of scales. Then it formulates the RG method as a construction method of envelopes of the naive perturbative solutions containing secular terms, and then demonstrates the formulation in various types of evolution equations. Lastly, it describes successful physical examples, such as stochastic and transport phenomena including second-order relativistic as well as nonrelativistic fluid dynamics with causality and transport phenomena in cold atoms, with extensive numerical expositions of transport coefficients and relaxation times. Requiring only an undergraduate-level understanding of physics and mathematics, the book clearly describes the notions and mathematical techniques with a wealth of examples. It is a unique and can be enlightening resource for readers who feel mystified by renormalization theory in quantum field theory.
Geometrical Kaleidoscope (Dover Books on Mathematics)
by Boris PritskerA high school course in geometry and some curiosity and enthusiasm for the subject are the only prerequisites for tackling this original exploration into the field, long a favorite for readers whose interest in math is not only practical and educational, but also recreational. The book centers on geometric thinking—what it means, how to develop it, and how to recognize it. Readers will discover fascinating insights into many aspects of geometry and geometrical properties and theorems, including such classic examples as Archimedes' law of the lever, Euler's line and circle properties, Fagnano's problem, and Napoleon's theorem.The volume is divided into sections on individual topics such as "Medians of a Triangle," and "Area of a Quadrilateral." Chapters typically begin with some interesting geometrical history, some relevant theorems, and some worked examples of problems followed by problems for readers to figure out for themselves (solutions are provided at the end of the book). The result is a many-faceted exploration, rather like a kaleidoscope, focusing on the mysteries and the pleasures of geometry.
Geometrical Methods for Power Network Analysis
by Neeraj Gupta Bhupendra Nath Tiwari Stefano BellucciThis book is a short introduction to power system planning and operation using advanced geometrical methods. The approach is based on well-known insights and techniques developed in theoretical physics in the context of Riemannian manifolds. The proof of principle and robustness of this approach is examined in the context of the IEEE 5 bus system. This work addresses applied mathematicians, theoretical physicists and power engineers interested in novel mathematical approaches to power network theory.
Geometrical methods of mathematical physics
by Bernard F. SchutzIn recent years the methods of modern differential geometry have become of considerable importance in theoretical physics and have found application in relativity and cosmology, high-energy physics and field theory, thermodynamics, fluid dynamics and mechanics. This textbook provides an introduction to these methods - in particular Lie derivatives, Lie groups and differential forms - and covers their extensive applications to theoretical physics. The reader is assumed to have some familiarity with advanced calculus, linear algebra and a little elementary operator theory. The advanced physics undergraduate should therefore find the presentation quite accessible. This account will prove valuable for those with backgrounds in physics and applied mathematics who desire an introduction to the subject. Having studied the book, the reader will be able to comprehend research papers that use this mathematics and follow more advanced pure-mathematical expositions.
Geometrical Objects
by Anthony GerbinoThis volume explores the mathematical character of architectural practice in diverse pre- and early modern contexts It takes an explicitly interdisciplinary approach, which unites scholarship in early modern architecture with recent work in the history of science, in particular, on the role of practice in the "scientific revolution" As a contribution to architectural history, the volume contextualizes design and construction in terms of contemporary mathematical knowledge, attendant forms of mathematical practice, and relevant social distinctions between the mathematical professions As a contribution to the history of science, the volume presents a series of micro-historical studies that highlight issues of process, materiality, and knowledge production in specific, situated, practical contexts Our approach sees the designer's studio, the stone-yard, the drawing floor, and construction site not merely as places where the architectural object takes shape, but where mathematical knowledge itself is deployed, exchanged, and amplified among various participants in the building process.
Geometrical Themes Inspired by the N-body Problem (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #2204)
by Rafael Herrera Haydeé Herrera Luis Hernández-LamonedaPresenting a selection of recent developments in geometrical problems inspired by the N-body problem, these lecture notes offer a variety of approaches to study them, ranging from variational to dynamical, while developing new insights, making geometrical and topological detours, and providing historical references. A. Guillot’s notes aim to describe differential equations in the complex domain, motivated by the evolution of N particles moving on the plane subject to the influence of a magnetic field. Guillot studies such differential equations using different geometric structures on complex curves (in the sense of W. Thurston) in order to find isochronicity conditions. R. Montgomery’s notes deal with a version of the planar Newtonian three-body equation. Namely, he investigates the problem of whether every free homotopy class is realized by a periodic geodesic. The solution involves geometry, dynamical systems, and the McGehee blow-up. A novelty of the approach is the use of energy-balance in order to motivate the McGehee transformation. A. Pedroza’s notes provide a brief introduction to Lagrangian Floer homology and its relation to the solution of the Arnol’d conjecture on the minimal number of non-degenerate fixed points of a Hamiltonian diffeomorphism.
Geometrical Vectors (Chicago Lectures In Physics Ser.)
by Gabriel WeinreichEvery advanced undergraduate and graduate student of physics must master the concepts of vectors and vector analysis. Yet most books cover this topic by merely repeating the introductory-level treatment based on a limited algebraic or analytic view of the subject. <P><P> Geometrical Vectors introduces a more sophisticated approach, which not only brings together many loose ends of the traditional treatment, but also leads directly into the practical use of vectors in general curvilinear coordinates by carefully separating those relationships which are topologically invariant from those which are not. Based on the essentially geometric nature of the subject, this approach builds consistently on students' prior knowledge and geometrical intuition. <P><P> Written in an informal and personal style, Geometrical Vectors provides a handy guide for any student of vector analysis. Clear, carefully constructed line drawings illustrate key points in the text, and problem sets as well as physical examples are provided.