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Algorithmen, Zufall, Unsicherheit – und Pizza!: Wie Mathematik uns hilft, alltägliche Entscheidungen zu treffen

by Florian Heinrichs

Dieses Buch lädt dazu ein, die Welt um uns herum aus einem neuen Blickwinkel zu betrachten und dabei die spannende Verbindung zwischen der Mathematik und unserem täglichen Leben zu entdecken – denn um die Technologien und Entwicklungen unserer modernen Gesellschaft zu verstehen, benötigen wir ein intuitives Verständnis grundlegender mathematischer Ideen. In diesem Buch geht es um diese Grundlagen, vor allem aber um ihre praktische Anwendung im Alltag: Gemeinsam begeben wir uns auf eine unterhaltsame Reise und entdecken dabei, wie Mathematik in vielfältiger Weise allgegenwärtig ist. Anschauliche Beispiele zeigen, wie wir täglich – oft unbewusst – mathematische Ideen nutzen und wie wir mit Hilfe von Mathematik bessere Entscheidungen treffen können. Nach einer Einführung in Algorithmen und Optimierungsprobleme, geht es im weiteren Verlauf um die Modellierung von Zufall und Unsicherheiten. Zum Ende des Buchs werden die Themen zusammengeführt und Algorithmen für Anwendungen besprochen, bei denen der Zufall eine entscheidende Rolle spielt. Sie erfahren unter anderem: Wie Sie systematisch Ordnung in Ihre Plattensammlung bringen können Warum ein vermeintliches Optimum nicht immer optimal ist Wie viele Getränke Sie bei einer Party bereitstellen sollten, damit niemand durstig nach Hause geht Wann Sie besser den nächsten freien Parkplatz nehmen sollten

Algorithmic Advances in Riemannian Geometry and Applications: For Machine Learning, Computer Vision, Statistics, and Optimization (Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition)

by Hà Quang Minh Vittorio Murino

This book presents a selection of the most recent algorithmic advances in Riemannian geometry in the context of machine learning, statistics, optimization, computer vision, and related fields. The unifying theme of the different chapters in the book is the exploitation of the geometry of data using the mathematical machinery of Riemannian geometry. As demonstrated by all the chapters in the book, when the data is intrinsically non-Euclidean, the utilization of this geometrical information can lead to better algorithms that can capture more accurately the structures inherent in the data, leading ultimately to better empirical performance. This book is not intended to be an encyclopedic compilation of the applications of Riemannian geometry. Instead, it focuses on several important research directions that are currently actively pursued by researchers in the field. These include statistical modeling and analysis on manifolds,optimization on manifolds, Riemannian manifolds and kernel methods, and dictionary learning and sparse coding on manifolds. Examples of applications include novel algorithms for Monte Carlo sampling and Gaussian Mixture Model fitting, 3D brain image analysis,image classification, action recognition, and motion tracking.

Algorithmic and Experimental Methods in Algebra, Geometry, and Number Theory

by Wolfram Decker Gebhard Böckle Gunter Malle

<P>This book presents state-of-the-art research and survey articles that highlight work done within the Priority Program SPP 1489 “Algorithmic and Experimental Methods in Algebra, Geometry and Number Theory”, which was established and generously supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) from 2010 to 2016. The goal of the program was to substantially advance algorithmic and experimental methods in the aforementioned disciplines, to combine the different methods where necessary, and to apply them to central questions in theory and practice. Of particular concern was the further development of freely available open source computer algebra systems and their interaction in order to create powerful new computational tools that transcend the boundaries of the individual disciplines involved. <P> The book covers a broad range of topics addressing the design and theoretical foundations, implementation and the successful application of algebraic algorithms in order to solve mathematical research problems. <P> It offers a valuable resource for all researchers, from graduate students through established experts, who are interested in the computational aspects of algebra, geometry, and/or number theory.

Algorithmic and Geometric Aspects of Robotics (Routledge Revivals)

by Jacob T. Schwartz Chee-Keng Yap

First published in 1987, the seven chapters that comprise this book review contemporary work on the geometric side of robotics. The first chapter defines the fundamental goal of robotics in very broad terms and outlines a research agenda each of whose items constitutes a substantial area for further research. The second chapter presents recently developed techniques that have begun to address the geometric side of this research agenda and the third reviews several applied geometric ideas central to contemporary work on the problem of motion planning. The use of Voronoi diagrams, a theme opened in these chapters, is explored further later in the book. The fourth chapter develops a theme in computational geometry having obvious significance for the simplification of practical robotics problems — the approximation or decomposition of complex geometric objects into simple ones. The final chapters treat two examples of a class of geometric ‘reconstruction’ problem that have immediate application to computer-aided geometric design systems.

Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management: 18th International Conference, AAIM 2024, Virtual Event, September 21–23, 2024, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15180)

by Zhao Zhang Smita Ghosh

This two-volume set LNCS 15179-15180 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management, AAIM 2024, which took place virtually during September 21-23, 2024. The 45 full papers presented in these two volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Part I: Optimization and applications; submodularity, management and others, Part II: Graphs and networks; quantum and others.

Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management: 18th International Conference, AAIM 2024, Virtual Event, September 21–23, 2024, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15179)

by Zhao Zhang Smita Ghosh

This two-volume set LNCS 15179-15180 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management, AAIM 2024, which took place virtually during September 21-23, 2024. The 45 full papers presented in these two volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Part I: Optimization and applications; submodularity, management and others, Part II: Graphs and networks; quantum and others.

Algorithmic Combinatorics: In Honour of Peter Paule on his 60th Birthday (Texts & Monographs in Symbolic Computation)

by Veronika Pillwein Carsten Schneider

The book is centered around the research areas of combinatorics, special functions, and computer algebra. What these research fields share is that many of their outstanding results do not only have applications in Mathematics, but also other disciplines, such as computer science, physics, chemistry, etc. A particular charm of these areas is how they interact and influence one another. For instance, combinatorial or special functions' techniques have motivated the development of new symbolic algorithms. In particular, first proofs of challenging problems in combinatorics and special functions were derived by making essential use of computer algebra. This book addresses these interdisciplinary aspects. Algorithmic aspects are emphasized and the corresponding software packages for concrete problem solving are introduced. Readers will range from graduate students, researchers to practitioners who are interested in solving concrete problems within mathematics and other research disciplines.

Algorithmic Decision Making with Python Resources: From Multicriteria Performance Records to Decision Algorithms via Bipolar-Valued Outranking Digraphs (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #324)

by Raymond Bisdorff

This book describes Python3 programming resources for implementing decision aiding algorithms in the context of a bipolar-valued outranking approach. These computing resources, made available under the name Digraph3, are useful in the field of Algorithmic Decision Theory and more specifically in outranking-based Multiple-Criteria Decision Aiding (MCDA). The first part of the book presents a set of tutorials introducing the Digraph3 collection of Python3 modules and its main objects, such as bipolar-valued digraphs and outranking digraphs. In eight methodological chapters, the second part illustrates multiple-criteria evaluation models and decision algorithms. These chapters are largely problem-oriented and demonstrate how to edit a new multiple-criteria performance tableau, how to build a best choice recommendation, how to compute the winner of an election and how to make rankings or ratings using incommensurable criteria. The book’s third part presents three real-world decision case studies, while the fourth part addresses more advanced topics, such as computing ordinal correlations between bipolar-valued outranking digraphs, computing kernels in bipolar-valued digraphs, testing for confidence or stability of outranking statements when facing uncertain or solely ordinal criteria significance weights, and tempering plurality tyranny effects in social choice problems. The fifth and last part is more specifically focused on working with undirected graphs, tree graphs and forests. The closing chapter explores comparability, split, interval and permutation graphs. The book is primarily intended for graduate students in management sciences, computational statistics and operations research. The chapters presenting algorithms for ranking multicriteria performance records will be of computational interest for designers of web recommender systems. Similarly, the relative and absolute quantile-rating algorithms, discussed and illustrated in several chapters, will be of practical interest to public and private performance auditors.

Algorithmic Decision Theory: 8th International Conference, ADT 2024, New Brunswick, NJ, USA, October 14–16, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15248)

by Rupert Freeman Nicholas Mattei

This book constitutes the conference proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Algorithmic Decision Theory, ADT 2024, held in New Brunswick, NJ, USA, during October 14-16, 2024. The 18 full papers and 8 one-page abstracts presented were carefully selected from 39 submissions. The papers cover most of the major aspects of algorithmic decision theory, such as preference modeling and elicitation, voting, preference aggregation, fair division and resource allocation, coalition formation, game theory, and matching.

Algorithmic Differentiation in Finance Explained (Financial Engineering Explained)

by Marc Henrard

This book provides the first practical guide to the function and implementation of algorithmic differentiation in finance. Written in a highly accessible way, Algorithmic Differentiation Explained will take readers through all the major applications of AD in the derivatives setting with a focus on implementation. Algorithmic Differentiation (AD) has been popular in engineering and computer science, in areas such as fluid dynamics and data assimilation for many years. Over the last decade, it has been increasingly (and successfully) applied to financial risk management, where it provides an efficient way to obtain financial instrument price derivatives with respect to the data inputs. Calculating derivatives exposure across a portfolio is no simple task. It requires many complex calculations and a large amount of computer power, which in prohibitively expensive and can be time consuming. Algorithmic differentiation techniques can be very successfully in computing Greeks and sensitivities of a portfolio with machine precision. Written by a leading practitioner who works and programmes AD, it offers a practical analysis of all the major applications of AD in the derivatives setting and guides the reader towards implementation. Open source code of the examples is provided with the book, with which readers can experiment and perform their own test scenarios without writing the related code themselves.

Algorithmic Game Theory: 10th International Symposium, SAGT 2017, L’Aquila, Italy, September 12–14, 2017, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10504)

by Vittorio Bilò Michele Flammini

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory, SAGT 2017, held in L'Aquila, Italy, in September 2017.The 30 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 66 submissions. The papers cover various important aspects of algorithmic game theory such as auctions, computational aspects of games, congestion games, network and opinion formation games, mechanism design, incentives and regret minimization, and resource allocation.

Algorithmic Game Theory: 9th International Symposium, SAGT 2016, Liverpool, UK, September 19–21, 2016, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #9928)

by Martin Gairing Rahul Savani

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory, SAGT 2016, held in Liverpool, UK, in September 2016. The 26 full papers presented together with 2 one-page abstracts were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. The accepted submissions cover various important aspectsof algorithmic game theory such as computational aspects of games, congestion games and networks, matching and voting, auctions and markets, and mechanism design.

Algorithmic Game Theory: 8th International Symposium, SAGT 2015, Saarbrücken, Germany, September 28-30, 2015. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #9347)

by Martin Hoefer

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory, SAGT 2015, held in Saarbrücken, Germany, in September 2015. The 22 full papers presented together with one extended abstract and 6 brief announcements were carefully reviewed and selected from 63 submissions. They cover various important aspects of algorithmic game theory, such as matching under preferences; cost sharing; mechanism design and social choice; auctions; networking; routing and fairness; and equilibrium computation.

Algorithmic Governance: Politics and Law in the Post-Human Era

by Ignas Kalpokas

This book analyses the changes to the regulation of everyday life that have taken place as a result of datafication, the ever-growing analytical, predictive, and structuring role of algorithms, and the prominence of the platform economy. This new form of regulation – algorithmic governance – ranges from nudging individuals towards predefined outcomes to outright structuration of behaviour through digital architecture. The author reveals the strength and pervasiveness of algorithmic politics through a comparison with the main traditional form of regulation: law. These changes are subsequently demonstrated to reflect a broader shift away from anthropocentric accounts of the world. In doing so, the book adopts a posthumanist framework which focuses on deep embeddedness and interactions between humans, the natural environment, technology, and code.

Algorithmic Learning in a Random World

by Alexander Gammerman Vladimir Vovk Glenn Shafer

This book is about conformal prediction, an approach to prediction that originated in machine learning in the late 1990s. The main feature of conformal prediction is the principled treatment of the reliability of predictions. The prediction algorithms described — conformal predictors — are provably valid in the sense that they evaluate the reliability of their own predictions in a way that is neither over-pessimistic nor over-optimistic (the latter being especially dangerous). The approach is still flexible enough to incorporate most of the existing powerful methods of machine learning. The book covers both key conformal predictors and the mathematical analysis of their properties. Algorithmic Learning in a Random World contains, in addition to proofs of validity, results about the efficiency of conformal predictors. The only assumption required for validity is that of "randomness" (the prediction algorithm is presented with independent and identically distributed examples); in later chapters, even the assumption of randomness is significantly relaxed. Interesting results about efficiency are established both under randomness and under stronger assumptions. Since publication of the First Edition in 2005 conformal prediction has found numerous applications in medicine and industry, and is becoming a popular machine-learning technique. This Second Edition contains three new chapters. One is about conformal predictive distributions, which are more informative than the set predictions produced by standard conformal predictors. Another is about the efficiency of ways of testing the assumption of randomness based on conformal prediction. The third new chapter harnesses conformal testing procedures for protecting machine-learning algorithms against changes in the distribution of the data. In addition, the existing chapters have been revised, updated, and expanded.

Algorithmic Mathematics

by Stefan Hougardy Jens Vygen

Algorithms play an increasingly important role in nearly all fields of mathematics. This book allows readers to develop basic mathematical abilities, in particular those concerning the design and analysis of algorithms as well as their implementation. It presents not only fundamental algorithms like the sieve of Eratosthenes, the Euclidean algorithm, sorting algorithms, algorithms on graphs, and Gaussian elimination, but also discusses elementary data structures, basic graph theory, and numerical questions. In addition, it provides an introduction to programming and demonstrates in detail how to implement algorithms in C++. This textbook is suitable for students who are new to the subject and covers a basic mathematical lecture course, complementing traditional courses on analysis and linear algebra. Both authors have given this "Algorithmic Mathematics" course at the University of Bonn several times in recent years.

Algorithmic Trading and Quantitative Strategies

by Raja Velu

Algorithmic Trading and Quantitative Strategies provides an in-depth overview of this growing field with a unique mix of quantitative rigor and practitioner’s hands-on experience. The focus on empirical modeling and practical know-how makes this book a valuable resource for students and professionals. The book starts with the often overlooked context of why and how we trade via a detailed introduction to market structure and quantitative microstructure models. The authors then present the necessary quantitative toolbox including more advanced machine learning models needed to successfully operate in the field. They next discuss the subject of quantitative trading, alpha generation, active portfolio management and more recent topics like news and sentiment analytics. The last main topic of execution algorithms is covered in detail with emphasis on the state of the field and critical topics including the elusive concept of market impact. The book concludes with a discussion on the technology infrastructure necessary to implement algorithmic strategies in large-scale production settings. A git-hub repository includes data-sets and explanatory/exercise Jupyter notebooks. The exercises involve adding the correct code to solve the particular analysis/problem.

Algorithmics of Nonuniformity: Tools and Paradigms (Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications)

by Micha Hofri Hosam Mahmoud

Algorithmics of Nonuniformity is a solid presentation about the analysis of algorithms, and the data structures that support them. Traditionally, algorithmics have been approached either via a probabilistic view or an analytic approach. The authors adopt both approaches and bring them together to get the best of both worlds and benefit from the advantage of each approach. The text examines algorithms that are designed to handle general data—sort any array, find the median of any numerical set, and identify patterns in any setting. At the same time, it evaluates "average" performance, "typical" behavior, or in mathematical terms, the expectations of the random variables that describe their operations. Many exercises are presented, which are essential since they convey additional material complementing the content of the chapters. For this reason, the solutions are more than mere answers, but explain and expand upon related concepts, and motivate further work by the reader. Highlights: A unique book that merges probability with analysis of algorithms Approaches analysis of algorithms from the angle of uniformity Non-uniformity makes more realistic models of real-life scenarios possible Results can be applied to many applications Includes many exercises of various levels of difficulty About the Authors: Micha Hofri is a Professor of Computer Science, and former department head at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. He holds a Ph.D. of Industrial Engineering (1972), all from Technion, the Israel Institute of Technology. He has 39 publications in Mathematics. Hosam Mahmoud is a Professor at, the Department of Statistics at George Washington University in Washington D.C., where he used to be the former chair. He holds an Ph.D. in Computer Science from Ohio State University. He is on the editorial board of five academic journals.

Algorithmik für Einsteiger: Für Studierende, Lehrer und Schüler in den Fächern Mathematik und Informatik

by Armin P. Barth

Wer ein GPS benutzt oder einen Routenplaner befragt, profitiert von einem Algorithmus. Wer sich von einem medizinischen Roboter operieren lässt oder beim Onlinebanking auf sicheren Datentransfer hofft, vertraut auf Algorithmen. Algorithmen und die ausführenden Computer bestimmen und beeinflussen unser heutiges Leben in starkem Maße. Im Zentrum dieses Buches steht die Frage, was ein Algorithmus ist, was Algorithmen können und was nicht. Der Leser, die Leserin erfährt, was genau ein Algorithmus ist, und hat die Möglichkeit, aus zahlreichen historisch wichtigen oder aktuellen Beispielen von Algorithmen auszuwählen. Eine Untersuchung darüber, ob und wie Algorithmen noch beschleunigt werden können, mündet in eine kurze Einführung in die moderne mathematische Disziplin der "Komplexitätstheorie". Mit der Turing-Maschine wird ein einfaches und zugleich ungeheuer mächtiges theoretisches Computermodell vergestellt, das Anlass zu interessanten Fragen über die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Computer gibt. Zum Schluss wird der Leser, die Leserin zu einem Ausflug eingeladen zu den Grenzen der Informatik, zu Problemen, die bewiesenermaßen algorithmisch unlösbar sind. Dank sehr ausführlicher und gut zugänglicher Erklärungen und zahlreicher interessanter Aufgaben bereitet das Lernen mit diesem Buch Freude. Der Text wurde für die zweite Auflage vollkommen neu geschrieben.

Algorithms

by Robert Sedgewick Kevin Wayne

This fourth edition of Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne's Algorithms is the leading textbook on algorithms today and is widely used in colleges and universities worldwide. This book surveys the most important computer algorithms currently in use and provides a full treatment of data structures and algorithms for sorting, searching, graph processing, and string processing--including fifty algorithms every programmer should know. In this edition, new Java implementations are written in an accessible modular programming style, where all of the code is exposed to the reader and ready to use. <p><p> The algorithms in this book represent a body of knowledge developed over the last 50 years that has become indispensable, not just for professional programmers and computer science students but for any student with interests in science, mathematics, and engineering, not to mention students who use computation in the liberal arts.

Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 20th International Conference, ICA3PP 2020, New York City, NY, USA, October 2–4, 2020, Proceedings, Part III (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12454)

by Meikang Qiu

This three-volume set LNCS 12452, 12453, and 12454 constitutes the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2020, in New York City, NY, USA, in October 2020. The total of 142 full papers and 5 short papers included in this proceedings volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 495 submissions. ICA3PP is covering the many dimensions of parallel algorithms and architectures, encompassing fundamental theoretical approaches, practical experimental projects, and commercial components and systems. As applications of computing systems have permeated in every aspects of daily life, the power of computing system has become increasingly critical. This conference provides a forum for academics and practitioners from countries around the world to exchange ideas for improving the efficiency, performance, reliability, security and interoperability of computing systems and applications. ICA3PP 2020 focus on two broad areas of parallel and distributed computing, i.e. architectures, algorithms and networks, and systems and applications.

Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 20th International Conference, ICA3PP 2020, New York City, NY, USA, October 2–4, 2020, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12453)

by Meikang Qiu

This three-volume set LNCS 12452, 12453, and 12454 constitutes the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2020, in New York City, NY, USA, in October 2020. The total of 142 full papers and 5 short papers included in this proceedings volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 495 submissions. ICA3PP is covering the many dimensions of parallel algorithms and architectures, encompassing fundamental theoretical approaches, practical experimental projects, and commercial components and systems. As applications of computing systems have permeated in every aspects of daily life, the power of computing system has become increasingly critical. This conference provides a forum for academics and practitioners from countries around the world to exchange ideas for improving the efficiency, performance, reliability, security and interoperability of computing systems and applications. ICA3PP 2020 focus on two broad areas of parallel and distributed computing, i.e. architectures, algorithms and networks, and systems and applications.

Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 20th International Conference, ICA3PP 2020, New York City, NY, USA, October 2–4, 2020, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12452)

by Meikang Qiu

This three-volume set LNCS 12452, 12453, and 12454 constitutes the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2020, in New York City, NY, USA, in October 2020.The total of 142 full papers and 5 short papers included in this proceedings volumes was carefully reviewed and selected from 495 submissions. ICA3PP is covering the many dimensions of parallel algorithms and architectures, encompassing fundamental theoretical approaches, practical experimental projects, and commercial components and systems. As applications of computing systems have permeated in every aspects of daily life, the power of computing system has become increasingly critical. This conference provides a forum for academics and practitioners from countries around the world to exchange ideas for improving the efficiency, performance, reliability, security and interoperability of computing systems and applications. ICA3PP 2020 focus on two broad areas of parallel and distributed computing, i.e. architectures, algorithms and networks, and systems and applications.

Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 23rd International Conference, ICA3PP 2023, Tianjin, China, October 20–22, 2023, Proceedings, Part VI (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14492)

by Zahir Tari Keqiu Li Hongyi Wu

The 7-volume set LNCS 14487-14493 constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2023, which took place in Tianjin, China, during October, 2023.The 145 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 439 submissions. ICA3PP covers the many dimensions of parallel algorithms and architectures; encompassing fundamental theoretical approaches; practical experimental projects; and commercial components and systems.

Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing: 23rd International Conference, ICA3PP 2023, Tianjin, China, October 20–22, 2023, Proceedings, Part IV (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14490)

by Zahir Tari Keqiu Li Hongyi Wu

The 7-volume set LNCS 14487-14493 constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2023, which took place in Tianjin, China, during October, 2023.The 145 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 439 submissions. ICA3PP covers the many dimensions of parallel algorithms and architectures; encompassing fundamental theoretical approaches; practical experimental projects; and commercial components and systems.

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