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Amenable Banach Algebras: A Panorama (Springer Monographs in Mathematics)
by Volker RundeThis volume provides readers with a detailed introduction to the amenability of Banach algebras and locally compact groups. By encompassing important foundational material, contemporary research, and recent advancements, this monograph offers a state-of-the-art reference. It will appeal to anyone interested in questions of amenability, including those familiar with the author’s previous volume Lectures on Amenability. Cornerstone topics are covered first: namely, the theory of amenability, its historical context, and key properties of amenable groups. This introduction leads to the amenability of Banach algebras, which is the main focus of the book. Dual Banach algebras are given an in-depth exploration, as are Banach spaces, Banach homological algebra, and more. By covering amenability’s many applications, the author offers a simultaneously expansive and detailed treatment. Additionally, there are numerous exercises and notes at the end of every chapter that further elaborate on the chapter’s contents. Because it covers both the basics and cutting edge research, Amenable Banach Algebras will be indispensable to both graduate students and researchers working in functional analysis, harmonic analysis, topological groups, and Banach algebras. Instructors seeking to design an advanced course around this subject will appreciate the student-friendly elements; a prerequisite of functional analysis, abstract harmonic analysis, and Banach algebra theory is assumed.
America by the Numbers: Quantification, Democracy, and the Birth of National Statistics (Infrastructures)
by Emmanuel DidierHow new techniques of quantification shaped the New Deal and American democracy.When the Great Depression struck, the US government lacked tools to assess the situation; there was no reliable way to gauge the unemployment rate, the number of unemployed, or how many families had abandoned their farms to become migrants. In America by the Numbers, Emmanuel Didier examines the development in the 1930s of one such tool: representative sampling. Didier describes and analyzes the work of New Deal agricultural economists and statisticians who traveled from farm to farm, in search of information that would be useful for planning by farmers and government agencies. Didier shows that their methods were not just simple enumeration; these new techniques of quantification shaped the New Deal and American democracy even as the New Deal shaped the evolution of statistical surveys.Didier explains how statisticians had to become detectives and anthropologists, searching for elements that would help them portray America as a whole. Representative surveys were one of the most effective instruments for their task. He examines pre-Depression survey techniques; the invention of the random sampling method and the development of the Master Sample; and the application of random sampling by employment experts to develop the “Trial Census of Unemployment.”
America Classifies the Immigrants: From Ellis Island to the 2020 Census
by Joel PerlmannWhen more than twenty million immigrants arrived in the United States between 1880 and 1920, the government attempted to classify them according to prevailing ideas about race and nationality. But this proved hard to do. Ideas about racial or national difference were slippery, contested, and yet consequential—were “Hebrews” a “race,” a “religion,” or a “people”? As Joel Perlmann shows, a self-appointed pair of officials created the government’s 1897 List of Races and Peoples, which shaped exclusionary immigration laws, the wording of the U.S. Census, and federal studies that informed social policy. Its categories served to maintain old divisions and establish new ones. <P><P> Across the five decades ending in the 1920s, American immigration policy built increasingly upon the belief that some groups of immigrants were desirable, others not. Perlmann traces how the debates over this policy institutionalized race distinctions—between whites and nonwhites, but also among whites—in immigration laws that lasted four decades. <P><P> Despite a gradual shift among social scientists from “race” to “ethnic group” after the 1920s, the diffusion of this key concept among government officials and the public remained limited until the end of the 1960s. Taking up dramatic changes to racial and ethnic classification since then, America Classifies the Immigrants concentrates on three crucial reforms to the American Census: the introduction of Hispanic origin and ancestry (1980), the recognition of mixed racial origins (2000), and a rethinking of the connections between race and ethnic group (proposed for 2020).
America in the Twenties: A History
by Geoffrey PerretEveryone knows the Twenties: flappers, jazz bands, the Charleston, teacups filled with bathtub gin-one long party and everyone had a hangover (known as the Depression) in the morning. The Twenties are both the most derided decade in American history and the most glamorous. It has been a pleasant experience to be told "How interesting" when people wanted to know what I was writing. They often elaborated with remarks such as "What a wonderfully decadent time!" or "That was the last time Americans really knew how to enjoy themselves." Almost without exception the hundred or more people who've asked me about this book had a firm, unshakable idea of what the period was like. I had begun with much the same idea myself. I thought of the Twenties as a period that had been "done"-to a turn.
The American and Japanese Auto Industries in Transition: Report of the Joint U.S.–Japan Automotive Study
by Robert E. Cole & Taizo YakushijiThis report was prepared for the Policy Board by the U.S. and Japanese research staffs of the Joint U.S.–Japan Automotive Study under the general direction of Professors Paul W. McCracken and Keichi Oshima, with research operations organized and coordinated by Robert E. Cole on the U.S. side, in close communication with the Taizo Yakushiji on the Japanese side. [preface] In view of the importance of stable, long-term economic relationships between Japan and the United States, automotive issues have to be dealt with in ways consistent with the joint prosperity of both countries. Furthermore, the current economic friction has the potential to adversely affect future political relationships. Indeed, under conditions of economic stagnation, major economic issues inevitably become political issues. With these considerations in mind, the Joint U.S.–Japan Automotive Study project was started in September 1981 to determine the conditions that will allow for the prosperous coexistence of the respective automobile industries. During this two-year study, we have identified four driving forces that will play a major role in determining the future course of the automotive industry of both countries. These are: (1) consumers’ demands and aspirations vis-à-vis automobiles; (2) flexible manufacturing systems (FMS); (3) rapidly evolving technology; and (4) the internationalization of the automotive industry. [exec. summary]
The American Census
by Margo AndersonThis book, published on the eve of the bicentennial of the American census, is the first social history of this remarkably important institution, from its origins in 1790 to the present. Margo Anderson argues that the census has always been an influential policymaking tool, used not only to determine the number of representatives apportioned to each state but also to allocate tax dollars to states, and, in the past, to define groups-such as slaves and immigrants-who were to be excluded from the American polity.
The American Church in Crisis
by David T. OlsonDirector of church planting for the Evangelical Covenant Church, Minnesota-based Olson cites data reported by over 200,000 orthodox Christian churches to raise an alarm, though not in an alarmist manner, he says. On any given Sunday, he says, the vast majority of Americans are absent from church, and church attendance is not keeping up with the country's population growth. Chapter-end questions for reflection and discussion are included, but no index. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews. com)
American Jewish Year Book 2012: The Annual Record of the North American Jewish Communities (American Jewish Year Book #113)
by Ira Sheskin Arnold DashefskyThe 2012 American Jewish Year Book, "The Annual Record of American Jewish Civilization," contains major chapters on Jewish secularism (Barry Kosmin and Ariela Keysar), Canadian Jewry (Morton Weinfeld, David Koffman, and Randal Schnoor), national affairs (Ethan Felson), Jewish communal affairs (Lawrence Grossman), Jewish population in the United States (Ira Sheskin and Arnold Dashefsky), and World Jewish population (Sergio DellaPergola). These chapters provide insight into major trends in the North American and world Jewish community. The volume also acts as a resource for the American Jewish community and for academics studying that community by supplying obituaries and lists of Jewish Federations, Jewish Community Centers, national Jewish organizations, Jewish overnight camps, Jewish museums, Holocaust museums, local and national Jewish periodicals, Jewish honorees, major recent events in the American Jewish community, and academic journals, articles, websites, and books. The volume should prove useful to social scientists and historians of the American Jewish community, Jewish communal workers, the press, and others interested in American and Canadian Jews.
Americans Abroad: A Comparative Study of Emigrants from the United States
by Arnold Dashefsky Karen A. Woodrow-LafieldThis book takes a new look at the study of emigration since publication of Americans Abroad in 1992. The US receives a high volume of immigrants, but its emigrant population is less frequently studied. International migration continues to increase, with now over 200 million people worldwide living as emigrants from their birth country for the purposes of work, family integration, improved living situations, or human rights. Utilizing the same social psychological approach that made the first edition so successful, the authors examine the motivation, adjustment issues and return migration of American emigrants. The analysis of these comparative experiences reveals core elements of American culture. With a new introductory chapter, a Foreword, and two Postscripts on US emigrants in Australia and Israel, the second edition builds on the strengths of the first edition to provide an important resource for the current state of US emigration. New topics covered include: what groups are emigrating from the US and why; rising departures and emigration of unauthorized immigrants; perceptions of US population about living abroad; US laws, dual citizenship, taxation, and transnationalism; famous US emigrants; and trends/projections for the future.
Amortality: The Pleasures and Perils of Living Agelessly
by Catherine MayerDoes your real age match the age you feel?When do we reach middle age?When, if ever, are we old?The way we age and the way we perceive age has changed radically. As we embrace new experiences, relationships and gadgets, we barely stop to look at our watches let alone consider whether our behaviour is 'age appropriate'.In this provocative and timely book, Catherine Mayer looks at the forces that created amortality - the term she coined to describe the phenomenon of living agelessly. As she follows this social epidemic through generations and across continents, she reveals its profound impact on society, our careers, our families and ourselves.Why be defined by numbers?Are you amortal?
AMSCO'S Geometry
by Ann Xavier GantertTo provide students with a comprehensive textbook designed for complete coverage of the New York State Core Curriculum for Geometry.
AMSCO's Integrated Algebra 1
by Ann Xavier GantertA new textbook designed for complete coverage of the New York State Core Curriculum for Integrated Algebra.
Analogue Gravity Phenomenology: Analogue Spacetimes and Horizons, from Theory to Experiment (Lecture Notes in Physics #870)
by Ugo Moschella Vittorio Gorini Sergio Cacciatori Francesco Belgiorno Stefano Liberati Daniele FaccioAnalogue Gravity Phenomenology is a collection of contributions that cover a vast range of areas in physics, ranging from surface wave propagation in fluids to nonlinear optics. The underlying common aspect of all these topics, and hence the main focus and perspective from which they are explained here, is the attempt to develop analogue models for gravitational systems. The original and main motivation of the field is the verification and study of Hawking radiation from a horizon: the enabling feature is the possibility to generate horizons in the laboratory with a wide range of physical systems that involve a flow of one kind or another. The years around 2010 and onwards witnessed a sudden surge of experimental activity in this expanding field of research. However, building an expertise in analogue gravity requires the researcher to be equipped with a rather broad range of knowledge and interests. The aim of this book is to bring the reader up to date with the latest developments and provide the basic background required in order to appreciate the goals, difficulties, and success stories in the field of analogue gravity. Each chapter of the book treats a different topic explained in detail by the major experts for each specific discipline. The first chapters give an overview of black hole spacetimes and Hawking radiation before moving on to describe the large variety of analogue spacetimes that have been proposed and are currently under investigation. This introductory part is then followed by an in-depth description of what are currently the three most promising analogue spacetime settings, namely surface waves in flowing fluids, acoustic oscillations in Bose-Einstein condensates and electromagnetic waves in nonlinear optics. Both theory and experimental endeavours are explained in detail. The final chapters refer to other aspects of analogue gravity beyond the study of Hawking radiation, such as Lorentz invariance violations and Brownian motion in curved spacetimes, before concluding with a return to the origins of the field and a description of the available observational evidence for horizons in astrophysical black holes.
Analogue Quantum Simulation: A New Instrument for Scientific Understanding
by Dominik Hangleiter Jacques Carolan Karim P. ThébaultThis book presents fresh insights into analogue quantum simulation. It argues that these simulations are a new instrument of science. They require a bespoke philosophical analysis, sensitive to both the similarities to and the differences with conventional scientific practices such as analogical argument, experimentation, and classical simulation.The analysis situates the various forms of analogue quantum simulation on the methodological map of modern science. In doing so, it clarifies the functions that analogue quantum simulation serves in scientific practice. To this end, the authors introduce a number of important terminological distinctions. They establish that analogue quantum ‘computation' and ‘emulation' are distinct scientific practices and lead to distinct forms of scientific understanding. The authors also demonstrate the normative value of the computation vs. emulation distinction at both an epistemic and a pragmatic level.The volume features a range of detailed case studies focusing on: i) cold atom computation of many-body localisation and the Higgs mode; ii) photonic emulation of quantum effects in biological systems; and iii) emulation of Hawing radiation in dispersive optical media. Overall, readers will discover a normative framework to isolate and support the goals of scientists undertaking analogue quantum simulation and emulation. This framework will prove useful to both working scientists and philosophers of science interested in cutting-edge scientific practice.
Analyse empirischer und experimenteller Daten: Ein kompakter Überblick für Studierende und Anwender (essentials)
by Siegmund BrandtDiese kompakte Einführung enthält die wichtigsten Grundlagen der mathematischen Statistik, die Beschreibung von Messungen und deren Fehler als Ergebnisse von Stichproben und die Methode der kleinsten Quadrate, angewandt auf verschieden schwierige konkrete Beispiele. Zusätzlich werden kurze Hinweise auf weitere Verfahren der Datenanalyse gegeben.
Analyse qualitativer Daten mit MAXQDA: Text, Audio und Video
by Stefan Rädiker Udo KuckartzDieses Buch vermittelt auf verständliche Weise das Wissen, um qualitative und Mixed-Methods-Daten mit MAXQDA auszuwerten. Die Autoren verfügen über jahrzehntelange Forschungserfahrung und decken in diesem Buch ein breites Methodenspektrum ab. Sie beschränken sich nicht auf einzelne Forschungsansätze, sondern vermitteln das Know-how, um verschiedene Methoden – von der Grounded Theory über Diskursanalysen bis zur Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse – mit MAXQDA umsetzen zu können. Darüber hinaus werden spezielle Themen fokussiert, wie Transkription, Kategorienbildung, Visualisierungen, Videoanalyse, Concept-Maps, Gruppenvergleiche und die Erstellung von Literaturreviews.
Analyse von Transferprozessen in der Entwicklung des Bruchzahlbegriffs: Theoretische Rahmung und empirische Untersuchung (Bielefelder Schriften zur Didaktik der Mathematik #6)
by Sebastian KollhoffSebastian Kollhoff rekonstruiert und analysiert in diesem Open-Access-Buch in einer Feldstudie mit Fünftklässlerinnen und Fünftklässlern Transferprozesse in der Entwicklung von Grundvorstellungen zu Brüchen. Anhand von umfassenden Detailanalysen der Bearbeitungen von Lernenden im alltäglichen Unterricht charakterisiert der Autor den Verlauf von Prozessen des Transfers, die das Potenzial haben fachlich optimiertes Lernen zu initiieren, aber auch die Gefahr bergen dieses zu behindern. Dabei arbeitet er heraus, dass sich bereits bei ersten elementaren Transferschritten erhebliche individuelle Unterschiede in der Ausprägung des Transfers ergeben.
Analysing China's Population: Social Change in a New Demographic Era (INED Population Studies #3)
by Isabelle Attané Baochang GuBased on China's recently released 2010 population census data, this edited volume analyses the most recent demographic trends in China, in the context of significant social and economic upheavals. The editor and the expert contributors describe the main features of China's demography, and focus on the details of this latest phase of its demographic transition. The book explores such striking characteristics of China's demography as the changing age and sex population structure; recent trends in marriage and divorce; fertility trends with a focus on sex imbalance at birth; the demography of the ethnic minorities and recent mortality trends by sex. Analysing China's Population: Social Change in a New Demographic Era examines and assesses the impact of changes that in the coming decades will be crucial for individuals, and the larger society and economy of the nation.
Analysing Economic Data: A Concise Introduction (Palgrave Texts in Econometrics)
by Terence C. MillsCovers the key issues required for students wishing to understand and analyse the core empirical issues in economics. It focuses on descriptive statistics, probability concepts and basic econometric techniques and has an accompanying website that contains all the data used in the examples and provides exercises for undertaking original research.
Analysing Historical Mathematics Textbooks (International Studies in the History of Mathematics and its Teaching)
by Gert SchubringThis book is about the creation and production of textbooks for learning and teaching mathematics. It covers a period from Antiquity to Modern Times. The analysis begins by assessing principal cultures with a practice of mathematics. The tension between the role of the teacher and his oral mode, on the one hand, and the use of a written (printed) text, in their respective relation with the student, is one of the dimensions of the comparative analysis, conceived of as the ‘textbook triangle’. The changes in this tension with the introduction of the printing press are discussed. The book presents various national case studies (France, Germany, Italy) as well as analyses of the internationalisation of textbooks via transmission processes. As this topic has not been sufficiently explored in the literature, it will be very well received by scholars of mathematics education, mathematics teacher educators and anyone with an interest in the field.
Analysing Inequalities in Germany: A Structured Additive Distributional Regression Approach (SpringerBriefs in Statistics)
by Alexander SilbersdorffThis book seeks new perspectives on the growing inequalities that our societies face, putting forward Structured Additive Distributional Regression as a means of statistical analysis that circumvents the common problem of analytical reduction to simple point estimators. This new approach allows the observed discrepancy between the individuals' realities and the abstract representation of those realities to be explicitly taken into consideration using the arithmetic mean alone. In turn, the method is applied to the question of economic inequality in Germany.
Analysing Population Trends: Differential Fertility in a Pluralistic Society (Routledge Library Editions: Demography #4)
by Lincoln H. DayOriginally published in 1983, this book examines the problems of fertility in predicting population trends. It varies a great deal according to mothers’ ages, ethnic groups, place and time. It is important for demographers, planners and policy-makers to know precisely what fertility differences are, what gives rise to them and how they can be handled and predicted statistically. This volume discusses these challenges in detail and analyses information to show how factors like religion, place of birth and socio-economic grouping affect fertility. .
Analysing Seasonal Health Data (Statistics for Biology and Health)
by Adrian G. Barnett Annette J. DobsonSeasonal patterns have been found in a remarkable range of health conditions, including birth defects, respiratory infections and cardiovascular disease. Accurately estimating the size and timing of seasonal peaks in disease incidence is an aid to understanding the causes and possibly to developing interventions. With global warming increasing the intensity of seasonal weather patterns around the world, a review of the methods for estimating seasonal effects on health is timely. This is the first book on statistical methods for seasonal data written for a health audience. It describes methods for a range of outcomes (including continuous, count and binomial data) and demonstrates appropriate techniques for summarising and modelling these data. It has a practical focus and uses interesting examples to motivate and illustrate the methods. The statistical procedures and example data sets are available in an R package called 'season'.
Analysis: Geometry, and Probability: Proceedings of the First Chilean Symposium of Mathematics
by Rolando ChuaquiThis volume contains versions of invited addresses and communications for the First Chilean Symposium of Mathematics, revealing the results of the mathematical advances in areas such as stochastic analysis, solutions of differential equations, and differential synthetic geometry and probability.
Analysis: From Concepts to Applications (Universitext)
by Jean-Paul PenotThis textbook covers the main results and methods of real analysis in a single volume. Taking a progressive approach to equations and transformations, this book starts with the very foundations of real analysis (set theory, order, convergence, and measure theory) before presenting powerful results that can be applied to concrete problems. In addition to classical results of functional analysis, differential calculus and integration, Analysis discusses topics such as convex analysis, dissipative operators and semigroups which are often absent from classical treatises. Acknowledging that analysis has significantly contributed to the understanding and development of the present world, the book further elaborates on techniques which pervade modern civilization, including wavelets in information theory, the Radon transform in medical imaging and partial differential equations in various mechanical and physical phenomena. Advanced undergraduate and graduate students, engineers as well as practitioners wishing to familiarise themselves with concepts and applications of analysis will find this book useful. With its content split into several topics of interest, the book's style and layout make it suitable for use in several courses, while its self-contained character makes it appropriate for self-study.