- Table View
- List View
Nonperturbative Topological Phenomena in QCD and Related Theories (Lecture Notes in Physics #977)
by Edward ShuryakThis book introduces a variety of aspects in nonperturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), focusing on the topological objects present in gauge theories. These objects, like magnetic monopoles, instantons, instanto-dysons, sphalerons, QCD flux tubes, etc, are first introduced individually and, later, treated collectively. As ensembles, they produce various phenomena that can be modeled numerically in lattice gauge theories and such collective effects, produced on the lattice, are extensively discussed in some chapters. In turn, the notion of duality, which is crucial in modern field/string theories, is elucidated by taking into consideration the electric-magnetic duality, the Poisson duality, and the AdS/CFT duality. This monograph is based on various lectures given by Edward Shuryak at Stony Brook during the last three decades and it is meant for advanced graduate students and young researchers in theoretical and mathematical physics who are willing to consolidate their knowledge in the topological phenomena encountered in fundamental QCD research.
Nonplussed!: Mathematical Proof of Implausible Ideas
by Julian HavilMath—the application of reasonable logic to reasonable assumptions—usually produces reasonable results. But sometimes math generates astonishing paradoxes—conclusions that seem completely unreasonable or just plain impossible but that are nevertheless demonstrably true. Did you know that a losing sports team can become a winning one by adding worse players than its opponents? Or that the thirteenth of the month is more likely to be a Friday than any other day? Or that cones can roll unaided uphill? In Nonplussed!—a delightfully eclectic collection of paradoxes from many different areas of math—popular-math writer Julian Havil reveals the math that shows the truth of these and many other unbelievable ideas.Nonplussed! pays special attention to problems from probability and statistics, areas where intuition can easily be wrong. These problems include the vagaries of tennis scoring, what can be deduced from tossing a needle, and disadvantageous games that form winning combinations. Other chapters address everything from the historically important Torricelli's Trumpet to the mind-warping implications of objects that live on high dimensions. Readers learn about the colorful history and people associated with many of these problems in addition to their mathematical proofs.Nonplussed! will appeal to anyone with a calculus background who enjoys popular math books or puzzles.
Nonrecursive Models: Endogeneity, Reciprocal Relationships, and Feedback Loops
by Pamela M. Paxton John R. Hipp Sandra Marquart-PyattNonrecursive Models is a clear and concise introduction to the estimation and assessment of nonrecursive simultaneous equation models. This unique monograph gives practical advice on the specification and identification of simultaneous equation models, how to assess the quality of the estimates, and how to correctly interpret results.
Nonresponse in Household Interview Surveys
by Robert M. Groves Mick P. CouperA comprehensive framework for both reduction of nonresponse and postsurvey adjustment for nonresponseThis book provides guidance and support for survey statisticians who need to develop models for postsurvey adjustment for nonresponse, and for survey designers and practitioners attempting to reduce unit nonresponse in household interview surveys. It presents the results of an eight-year research program that has assembled an unprecedented data set on respondents and nonrespondents from several major household surveys in the United States.Within a comprehensive conceptual framework of influences on nonresponse, the authors investigate every aspect of survey cooperation, from the influences of household characteristics and social and environmental factors to the interaction between interviewers and householders and the design of the survey itself.Nonresponse in Household Interview Surveys: * Provides a theoretical framework for understanding and studying household survey nonresponse * Empirically explores the individual and combined influences of several factors on nonresponse * Presents chapter introductions, summaries, and discussions on practical implications to clarify concepts and theories * Supplies extensive references for further study and inquiryNonresponse in Household Interview Surveys is an important resource for professionals and students in survey methodology/research methods as well as those who use survey methods or data in business, government, and academia. It addresses issues critical to dealing with nonresponse in surveys, reducing nonresponse during survey data collection, and constructing statistical compensations for the effects of nonresponse on key survey estimates.
Nonsmooth Modeling and Simulation for Switched Circuits
by Olivier Bonnefon Bernard Brogliato Vincent AcaryNonsmooth Modeling and Simulation for Switched Circuits concerns the modeling and the numerical simulation of switched circuits with the nonsmooth dynamical systems (NSDS) approach, using piecewise-linear and multivalued models of electronic devices like diodes, transistors, switches. Numerous examples (ranging from introductory academic circuits to various types of power converters) are analyzed and many simulation results obtained with the INRIA open-source SICONOS software package are presented. Comparisons with SPICE and hybrid methods demonstrate the power of the NSDS approach. Nonsmooth Modeling and Simulation for Switched Circuits is intended to researchers and engineers in the field of circuits simulation and design, but may also attract applied mathematicians interested by the numerical analysis for nonsmooth dynamical systems, as well as researchers from Systems and Control.
Nonsmooth Optimization and Its Applications (International Series of Numerical Mathematics #170)
by Seyedehsomayeh Hosseini Boris S. Mordukhovich André UschmajewSince nonsmooth optimization problems arise in a diverse range of real-world applications, the potential impact of efficient methods for solving such problems is undeniable. Even solving difficult smooth problems sometimes requires the use of nonsmooth optimization methods, in order to either reduce the problem’s scale or simplify its structure. Accordingly, the field of nonsmooth optimization is an important area of mathematical programming that is based on by now classical concepts of variational analysis and generalized derivatives, and has developed a rich and sophisticated set of mathematical tools at the intersection of theory and practice.This volume of ISNM is an outcome of the workshop "Nonsmooth Optimization and its Applications," which was held from May 15 to 19, 2017 at the Hausdorff Center for Mathematics, University of Bonn. The six research articles gathered here focus on recent results that highlight different aspects of nonsmooth and variational analysis, optimization methods, their convergence theory and applications.
Nonstandard Analysis for the Working Mathematician
by Peter A. Loeb Manfred P. H. WolffStarting with a simple formulation accessible to all mathematicians, this second edition is designed to provide a thorough introduction to nonstandard analysis. Nonstandard analysis is now a well-developed, powerful instrument for solving open problems in almost all disciplines of mathematics; it is often used as a 'secret weapon' by those who know the technique. This book illuminates the subject with some of the most striking applications in analysis, topology, functional analysis, probability and stochastic analysis, as well as applications in economics and combinatorial number theory. The first chapter is designed to facilitate the beginner in learning this technique by starting with calculus and basic real analysis. The second chapter provides the reader with the most important tools of nonstandard analysis: the transfer principle, Keisler's internal definition principle, the spill-over principle, and saturation. The remaining chapters of the book study different fields for applications; each begins with a gentle introduction before then exploring solutions to open problems. All chapters within this second edition have been reworked and updated, with several completely new chapters on compactifications and number theory. Nonstandard Analysis for the Working Mathematician will be accessible to both experts and non-experts, and will ultimately provide many new and helpful insights into the enterprise of mathematics.
Nonstandard Methods in Ramsey Theory and Combinatorial Number Theory (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #2239)
by Mauro Di Nasso Isaac Goldbring Martino LupiniThe goal of this monograph is to give an accessible introduction to nonstandard methods and their applications, with an emphasis on combinatorics and Ramsey theory. It includes both new nonstandard proofs of classical results and recent developments initially obtained in the nonstandard setting. This makes it the first combinatorics-focused account of nonstandard methods to be aimed at a general (graduate-level) mathematical audience. This book will provide a natural starting point for researchers interested in approaching the rapidly growing literature on combinatorial results obtained via nonstandard methods. The primary audience consists of graduate students and specialists in logic and combinatorics who wish to pursue research at the interface between these areas.
Nonsymmetric Operads in Combinatorics (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by Samuele GiraudoOperads are algebraic devices offering a formalization of the concept of operations with several inputs and one output. Such operations can be naturally composed to form more complex ones. Coming historically from algebraic topology, operads intervene now as important objects in computer science and in combinatorics. A lot of operads involving combinatorial objects highlight some of their properties and allow to discover new ones.This book portrays the main elements of this theory under a combinatorial point of view and exposes the links it maintains with computer science and combinatorics. Examples of operads appearing in combinatorics are studied. The modern treatment of operads consisting in considering the space of formal power series associated with an operad is developed. Enrichments of nonsymmetric operads as colored, cyclic, and symmetric operads are reviewed.
Nonuniformly Hyperbolic Attractors: Geometric and Probabilistic Aspects (Springer Monographs in Mathematics)
by José F. AlvesThis monograph offers a coherent, self-contained account of the theory of Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen measures and decay of correlations for nonuniformly hyperbolic dynamical systems. A central topic in the statistical theory of dynamical systems, the book in particular provides a detailed exposition of the theory developed by L.-S. Young for systems admitting induced maps with certain analytic and geometric properties. After a brief introduction and preliminary results, Chapters 3, 4, 6 and 7 provide essentially the same pattern of results in increasingly interesting and complicated settings. Each chapter builds on the previous one, apart from Chapter 5 which presents a general abstract framework to bridge the more classical expanding and hyperbolic systems explored in Chapters 3 and 4 with the nonuniformly expanding and partially hyperbolic systems described in Chapters 6 and 7. Throughout the book, the theory is illustrated with applications. A clear and detailed account of topics of current research interest, this monograph will be of interest to researchers in dynamical systems and ergodic theory. In particular, beginning researchers and graduate students will appreciate the accessible, self-contained presentation.
Norbert Wiener#A Life in Cybernetics: Ex-Prodigy: My Childhood and Youth and I Am a Mathematician: The Later Life of a Prodigy (The\mit Press Ser.)
by Norbert WienerNorbert Wiener's celebrated autobiography, available for the first time in one volume.Norbert Wiener—A Life in Cybernetics combines for the first time the two volumes of Norbert Wiener's celebrated autobiography. Published at the height of public enthusiasm for cybernetics—when it was taken up by scientists, engineers, science fiction writers, artists, and musicians—Ex-Prodigy (1953) and I Am a Mathematician (1956) received attention from both scholarly and mainstream publications, garnering reviews and publicity in outlets that ranged from the New York Times and New York Post to the Virginia Quarterly Review. Norbert Wiener was a mathematician with extraordinarily broad interests. The son of a Harvard professor of Slavic languages, Wiener was reading Dante and Darwin at seven, graduated from Tufts at fourteen, and received a PhD from Harvard at eighteen. He joined MIT's Department of Mathematics in 1919, where he remained until his death in 1964 at sixty-nine. In Ex-Prodigy, Wiener offers an emotionally raw account of being raised as a child prodigy by an overbearing father. In I Am a Mathematician, Wiener describes his research at MIT and how he established the foundations for the multidisciplinary field of cybernetics and the theory of feedback systems. This volume makes available the essence of Wiener's life and thought to a new generation of readers.
The Norm Chronicles: Stories and Numbers About Danger and Death
by Michael Blastland David SpiegelhalterA statistician and a journalist reveal the real story behind the statistics on risk, chance, and choice
Norm Estimations for Operator Valued Functions and Their Applications
by Michael I. Gil'Intended for specialists in functional analysis and stability theory, this work presents a systematic exposition of estimations for norms of operator-valued functions, and applies the estimates to spectrum perturbations of linear operators and stability theory. The author demonstrates his own approach to spectrum perturbations.
Normal 2-Coverings of the Finite Simple Groups and their Generalizations (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #2352)
by Pablo Spiga Daniela Bubboloni Thomas Stefan WeigelThis book provides a complete and comprehensive classification of normal 2-coverings of non-abelian simple groups and their generalizations. While offering readers a thorough understanding of these structures, and of the groups admitting them, it delves into the properties of weak normal coverings. The focal point is the weak normal covering number of a group G, the minimum number of proper subgroups required for every element of G to have a conjugate within one of these subgroups, via an element of Aut(G). This number is shown to be at least 2 for every non-abelian simple group and the non-abelian simple groups for which this minimum value is attained are classified. The discussion then moves to almost simple groups, with some insights into their weak normal covering numbers. Applications span algebraic number theory, combinatorics, Galois theory, and beyond. Compiling existing material and synthesizing it into a cohesive framework, the book gives a complete overview of this fundamental aspect of finite group theory. It will serve as a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students working on non-abelian simple groups,
Normal and Student´s t Distributions and Their Applications
by Mohammad Ahsanullah B. M. Golam Kibria Mohammad ShakilThe most important properties of normal and Student t-distributions are presented. A number of applications of these properties are demonstrated. New related results dealing with the distributions of the sum, product and ratio of the independent normal and Student distributions are presented. The materials will be useful to the advanced undergraduate and graduate students and practitioners in the various fields of science and engineering.
Normal Families and Normal Functions
by Peter V. Dovbush Steven G. KrantzThis book centers on normal families of holomorphic and meromorphic functions and also normal functions. The authors treat one complex variable, several complex variables, and infinitely many complex variables (i.e., Hilbert space).The theory of normal families is more than 100 years old. It has played a seminal role in the function theory of complex variables. It was used in the first rigorous proof of the Riemann mapping theorem. It is used to study automorphism groups of domains, geometric analysis, and partial differential equations.The theory of normal families led to the idea, in 1957, of normal functions as developed by Lehto and Virtanen. This is the natural class of functions for treating the Lindelof principle. The latter is a key idea in the boundary behavior of holomorphic functions.This book treats normal families, normal functions, the Lindelof principle, and other related ideas. Both the analytic and the geometric approaches to the subject area are offered. The authors include many incisive examples.The book could be used as the text for a graduate research seminar. It would also be useful reading for established researchers and for budding complex analysts.
Normal Forms and Stability of Hamiltonian Systems (Applied Mathematical Sciences #218)
by Hildeberto E. Cabral Lúcia Brandão DiasThis book introduces the reader to the study of Hamiltonian systems, focusing on the stability of autonomous and periodic systems and expanding to topics that are usually not covered by the canonical literature in the field. It emerged from lectures and seminars given at the Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil, known as one of the leading research centers in the theory of Hamiltonian dynamics. This book starts with a brief review of some results of linear algebra and advanced calculus, followed by the basic theory of Hamiltonian systems. The study of normal forms of Hamiltonian systems is covered by Ch.3, while Chapters 4 and 5 treat the normalization of Hamiltonian matrices. Stability in non-linear and linear systems are topics in Chapters 6 and 7. This work finishes with a study of parametric resonance in Ch. 8. All the background needed is presented, from the Hamiltonian formulation of the laws of motion to the application of the Krein-Gelfand-Lidskii theory of strongly stable systems. With a clear, self-contained exposition, this work is a valuable help to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and to mathematicians and physicists doing research on this topic.
Normal Forms, Melnikov Functions and Bifurcations of Limit Cycles
by Maoan Han Pei YuDynamical system theory has developed rapidly over the past fifty years. It is a subject upon which the theory of limit cycles has a significant impact for both theoretical advances and practical solutions to problems. Hopf bifurcation from a center or a focus is integral to the theory of bifurcation of limit cycles, for which normal form theory is a central tool. Although Hopf bifurcation has been studied for more than half a century, and normal form theory for over 100 years, efficient computation in this area is still a challenge with implications for Hilbert's 16th problem. This book introduces the most recent developments in this field and provides major advances in fundamental theory of limit cycles. Split into two parts, the first focuses on the study of limit cycles bifurcating from Hopf singularity using normal form theory with later application to Hilbert's 16th problem, while the second considers near Hamiltonian systems using Melnikov function as the main mathematical tool. Classic topics with new results are presented in a clear and concise manner and are accompanied by the liberal use of illustrations throughout. Containing a wealth of examples and structured algorithms that are treated in detail, a good balance between theoretical and applied topics is demonstrated. By including complete Maple programs within the text, this book also enables the reader to reconstruct the majority of formulas provided, facilitating the use of concrete models for study. Through the adoption of an elementary and practical approach, this book will be of use to graduate mathematics students wishing to study the theory of limit cycles as well as scientists, across a number of disciplines, with an interest in the applications of periodic behavior.
Normalization of Multidimensional Data for Multi-Criteria Decision Making Problems: Inversion, Displacement, Asymmetry (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #348)
by Irik Z. MukhametzyanovThis book presents a systematic review of multidimensional normalization methods and addresses problems frequently encountered when using various methods and ways to eliminate them. The invariant properties of the linear normalization methods presented here can be used to eliminate simple problems and avoid obvious errors when choosing a normalization method. The book introduces valuable, novel techniques for the multistep normalization of multidimensional data. One of these methods involves inverting the normalized values of cost attributes into profit attributes based on the reverse sorting algorithm (ReS algorithm). Another approach presented is the IZ method, which addresses the issue of shift in normalized attribute values. Additionally, a new method for normalizing the decision matrix is proposed, called the MS method, which ensures the equalization of average values and variances of attributes. Featuring numerous illustrative examples throughout, the book helps readers to understand what difficulties can arise in multidimensional normalization, what to expect from such problems, and how to solve them. It is intended for academics and professionals in various areas of data science, computing in mathematics, and statistics, as well as decision-making and operations.
Normalization Techniques in Deep Learning (Synthesis Lectures on Computer Vision)
by Lei HuangThis book presents and surveys normalization techniques with a deep analysis in training deep neural networks. In addition, the author provides technical details in designing new normalization methods and network architectures tailored to specific tasks. Normalization methods can improve the training stability, optimization efficiency, and generalization ability of deep neural networks (DNNs) and have become basic components in most state-of-the-art DNN architectures. The author provides guidelines for elaborating, understanding, and applying normalization methods. This book is ideal for readers working on the development of novel deep learning algorithms and/or their applications to solve practical problems in computer vision and machine learning tasks. The book also serves as a resource researchers, engineers, and students who are new to the field and need to understand and train DNNs.
Normally Hyperbolic Invariant Manifolds: The Noncompact Case
by Jaap ElderingThis monograph treats normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds, with a focus on noncompactness. These objects generalize hyperbolic fixed points and are ubiquitous in dynamical systems. First, normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds and their relation to hyperbolic fixed points and center manifolds, as well as, overviews of history and methods of proofs are presented. Furthermore, issues (such as uniformity and bounded geometry) arising due to noncompactness are discussed in great detail with examples. The main new result shown is a proof of persistence for noncompact normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds in Riemannian manifolds of bounded geometry. This extends well-known results by Fenichel and Hirsch, Pugh and Shub, and is complementary to noncompactness results in Banach spaces by Bates, Lu and Zeng. Along the way, some new results in bounded geometry are obtained and a framework is developed to analyze ODEs in a differential geometric context. Finally, the main result is extended to time and parameter dependent systems and overflowing invariant manifolds.
North Carolina Coach End-of-Grade Practice Tests, Mathematics, Grade 6
by School Specialty Inc.North Carolina Coach End-of-Grade Practice Tests, Mathematics, Grade 6
North Carolina Practice Coach Plus Grade 7 Practice Tests
by School Specialty IncNORTH CAROLINA PRACTICE COACH PLUS MATH GRADE 7 PRACTICE TESTS with Practice Check-Ins
North Carolina Practice Coach Plus Math Grade 6
by Triumph Learning LlcNORTH CAROLINA PRACTICE COACH PLUS, MATHEMATICS, GRADE 6
North Carolina Practice Coach Plus Math Grade 8 Practice Tests
by School Specialty Inc.NORTH CAROLINA PRACTICE COACH PLUS MATH GRADE 8 PRACTICE TESTS with Practice Check-Ins