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Poverty and Social Exclusion: New Methods of Analysis (Routledge Advances in Social Economics #3)
by Gianni Betti Achille LemmiPoverty and inequality remain at the top of the global economic agenda, and the methodology of measuring poverty continues to be a key area of research. This new book, from a leading international group of scholars, offers an up to date and innovative survey of new methods for estimating poverty at the local level, as well as the most recent multidimensional methods of the dynamics of poverty. It is argued here that measures of poverty and inequality are most useful to policy-makers and researchers when they are finely disaggregated into small geographic units. Poverty and Social Exclusion: New Methods of Analysis is the first attempt to compile the most recent research results on local estimates of multidimensional deprivation. The methods offered here take both traditional and multidimensional approaches, with a focus on using the methodology for the construction of time-related measures of deprivation at the individual and aggregated levels. In analysis of persistence over time, the book also explores whether the level of deprivation is defined in terms of relative inequality in society, or in relation to some supposedly absolute standard. This book is of particular importance as the continuing international economic and financial crisis has led to the impoverishment of segments of population as a result of unemployment, bankruptcy, and difficulties in obtaining credit. The volume will therefore be of interest to all those working on economic, econometric and statistical methods and empirical analyses in the areas of poverty, social exclusion and income inequality.
Power Analysis of Trials with Multilevel Data (Chapman & Hall/CRC Interdisciplinary Statistics)
by Mirjam Moerbeek Steven TeerenstraPower Analysis of Trials with Multilevel Data is a valuable reference for anyone who wants to perform power calculations on trials with hierarchical data. It provides a thorough overview of power analysis, familiarizing you with terminology and notation, outlining the key concepts of statistical power and power analysis, and covering all common hierarchical designs.
Power and Responsibility: Interdisciplinary Perspectives for the 21st Century in Honor of Manfred J. Holler
by Martin A. Leroch Florian RuppWritten by leading scholars from various disciplines, this book presents current research on topics such as public choice, game theory, and political economy. It features contributions on fundamental, methodological, and empirical issues around the concepts of power and responsibility that strive to bridge the gap between different disciplinary approaches. The contributions fall into roughly four sub-disciplines: voting and voting power, public economics and politics, economics and philosophy, as well as labor economics.On the occasion of his 75th birthday, this book is written in honor of Manfred J. Holler, an economist by training and profession whose work as a guiding light has helped advance our understanding of the interdisciplinary connections of concepts of power and responsibility. He has written many articles and books on game theory, and worked extensively on questions of labor economics, politics, and philosophy.
Power-Based Study of Boundary Layer Ingestion for Aircraft Application (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Peijian LvThis book presents research on Boundary Layer Ingestion (BLI). BLI is an aircraft-engine integration technique that aims at integrating the aircraft and the propulsion system such that the overall aircraft fuel consumption can be reduced. In this research, theoretical analysis suggests that the minimization of total power consumption should be used as a design criterion for aircraft utilizing BLI rather than focusing on the minimization of drag. Numerical simulations are performed, and the simulation results are processed using the PBM to support the theoretical analysis. Furthermore, an experimental study is carried out with a focus on the power conversion processes involved for a propulsor operating in the wake. Stereoscopic PIV is employed in order to visualize the flow and understand the physics. The so-called Power-based Method is used to quantify the power conversion mechanisms. The results prove that the dominant mechanism responsible for the efficiency enhancement is due to the utilization of body wake energy by the wake ingesting propeller. In short, the importance of wake energy flow rate in understanding the BLI phenomenon is highlighted. This book will be useful for researchers in the field of aircraft propulsion, aircraft aerodynamics, and airframe propulsion integration.
A Power BI Compendium: Answers to 65 Commonly Asked Questions on Power BI
by Alison BoxAre you a reasonably competent Power BI user but still struggling to generate reports that truly tell the story of your data? Or do you simply want to extend your knowledge of Power BI by exploring more complex areas of visualizations, data modelling, DAX, and Power Query? If so, this book is for you. This book serves as a comprehensive resource for users to implement more challenging visuals, build better data models, use DAX with more confidence, and execute more complex queries so they can find and share important insights into their data. The contents of the chapters are in a question-and-answer format that explore everyday data analysis scenarios in Power BI. These questions have been generated from the author’s own client base and from commonly sought-for information from the Power BI community. They cover a wide and diverse range of topics that many Power BI users often struggle to get to grips with or don’t fully understand. Examples of such questions are: How can I generate dynamic titles for visuals?How can I control subtotals in a Matrix visual?Why do I need a date dimension?How can I show the previous N month’s sales in a column chart?Why do I need a Star Schema?Why aren't my totals correct?How can I bin measures into numeric ranges?Can I import a Word document?Can I dynamically append data from different source files? Solutions to these questions and many more are presented in non-technical and easy-to-follow explanations negating the requirement to perform tiresome and fruitless “google” searches. There are also companion Power BI Desktop files that set out the answers to each question so you can follow along with the examples given in the book.. After working through this book, you will have extended your knowledge of Power BI to an expert level, alleviating your existing frustrations and so enabling you to design Power BI reports where you are no longer limited by your lack of knowledge or experience. Who is This Book For: Power BI users who can build reports and now want to extend their knowledge of Power BI.
Power Down: Options and Actions for a Post-Carbon World
by Richard HeinbergIf the US continues with its current policies, the next decades will be marked by war, economic collapse, and environmental catastrophe. Resource depletion and population pressures are about to catch up with us, and no one is prepared. The political elites, especially in the US, are incapable of dealing with the situation and have in mind a punishing game of "Last One Standing." The alternative is "Powerdown," a strategy that will require tremendous effort and economic sacrifice in order to reduce per-capita resource usage in wealthy countries, develop alternative energy sources, distribute resources more equitably, and reduce the human population humanely but systematically over time. While civil society organizations push for a mild version of this, the vast majority of the world's people are in the dark, not understanding the challenges ahead, nor the options realistically available. Powerdown speaks frankly to these dilemmas. Avoiding cynicism and despair, it begins with an overview of the likely impacts of oil and natural gas depletion and then outlines four options for industrial societies during the next decades: Last One Standing: the path of competition for remaining resources; Powerdown: the path of cooperation, conservation and sharing; Waiting for a Magic Elixir: wishful thinking, false hopes, and denial; Building Lifeboats: the path of community solidarity and preservation. Finally, the book explores how three important groups within global society-the power elites, the opposition to the elites (the antiwar and antiglobalization movements, et al: the "Other Superpower"), and ordinary people-are likely to respond to these four options. Timely, accessible and eloquent, Powerdown is crucial reading for our times. Richard Heinberg is an award-winning author of five previous books, including The Party's Over: Oil, War and the Fate of Industrial Societies.
Power Electronic Systems: Walsh Analysis with MATLAB®
by Anish Deb Suchismita GhoshA Totally Different Outlook on Power Electronic System Analysis Power Electronic Systems: Walsh Analysis with MATLAB® builds a case for Walsh analysis as a powerful tool in the study of power electronic systems. It considers the application of Walsh functions in analyzing power electronic systems, and the advantages offered by Walsh domain analysis of power electronic systems. Solves Power Electronic Systems in an Unconventional Way This book successfully integrates power electronics as well as systems and control. Incorporating a complete orthonormal function set very much unlike the sine–cosine functions, it introduces a blending between piecewise constant orthogonal functions and power electronic systems. It explores the background and evolution of power electronics, and discusses Walsh and related orthogonal basis functions. It develops the mathematical foundation of Walsh analysis, and first- and second-order system analyses by Walsh technique. It also describes the Walsh domain operational method and how it is applied to linear system analysis. Introduces Theories Step by Step While presenting the underlying principles of Walsh analysis, the authors incorporate many illustrative examples, and include a basic introduction to linear algebra and MATLAB® programs. They also examine different orthogonal piecewise constant basis functions like Haar, Walsh, slant, block pulse functions, and other related orthogonal functions along with their time scale evolution. • Analyzes pulse–fed single input single output (SISO) first- and second-order systems • Considers stepwise and continuously pulse width modulated chopper systems • Describes a detailed analysis of controlled rectifier circuits • Addresses inverter circuits Power Electronic Systems: Walsh Analysis with MATLAB® is written for postgraduate students, researchers, and academicians in the area of power electronics as well as systems and control.
Power in Numbers: The Rebel Women of Mathematics
by Talithia WilliamsFrom rocket scientists to code breakers, “fascinating stories” of women who overcame obstacles, shattered stereotypes, and pursued their passion for math (Notices of the American Mathematical Society).With more than 200 photos and original interviews with several of the amazing women covered, Power in Numbers: The Rebel Women of Mathematics is a full-color volume that puts a spotlight on the influence of women on the development of mathematics over the last two millennia. Each biography reveals the life of a different female mathematician, from her childhood and early influences to the challenges she faced and the great achievements she made in spite of them. Learn how:After her father terminated her math lessons, Sofia Kovalevskaya snuck algebra books into her bed to read at nightEmmy Noether became an invaluable resource to Albert Einstein while she was in the NavyNative American rocket scientist Mary Golda Ross developed designs for fighter jets and missiles in a top-secret unitKatherine Johnson’s life-or-death calculations at NASA meant that astronauts such as Alan Shepard and John Glenn made it home aliveShakuntala Devi multiplied massive numbers in her head so her family could eat at nightPamela Harris proved her school counselors wrong when they told her she would only succeed as a bilinguial secretaryCarla Cotwright-Williams began her life in the dangerous streets of South-Central Los Angeles before skyrocketing to a powerful career with the Department of Defense in Washington, DCThese women are a diverse group, but their stories have one thing in common: At some point on their journeys, someone believed in them—and made them think the impossible was perhaps not so impossible.“A quick read . . . full of dramatic stories and eye-catching illustrations.” —MAA Reviews“I found myself marveling at the personal anecdotes and quotes throughout the book.” —Notices of the American Mathematical Society
Power Laws: A Statistical Trek (Understanding Complex Systems)
by Iddo EliazarThis monograph is a comprehensive and cohesive exposition of power-law statistics. Following a bottom-up construction from a foundational bedrock – the power Poisson process – this monograph presents a unified study of an assortment of power-law statistics including: Pareto laws, Zipf laws, Weibull and Fréchet laws, power Lorenz curves, Lévy laws, power Newcomb-Benford laws, sub-diffusion and super-diffusion, and 1/f and flicker noises. The bedrock power Poisson process, as well as the assortment of power-law statistics, are investigated via diverse perspectives: structural, stochastic, fractal, dynamical, and socioeconomic. This monograph is poised to serve researchers and practitioners – from various fields of science and engineering – that are engaged in analyses of power-law statistics.
The Power of Algorithms
by Giorgio Ausiello Rossella PetreschiTo examine, analyze, and manipulate a problem to the point of designing an algorithm for solving it is an exercise of fundamental value in many fields. With so many everyday activities governed by algorithmic principles, the power, precision, reliability and speed of execution demanded by users have transformed the design and construction of algorithms from a creative, artisanal activity into a full-fledged science in its own right. This book is aimed at all those who exploit the results of this new science, as designers and as consumers. The first chapter is an overview of the related history, demonstrating the long development of ideas such as recursion and more recent formalizations such as computability. The second chapter shows how the design of algorithms requires appropriate techniques and sophisticated organization of data. In the subsequent chapters the contributing authors present examples from diverse areas - such as routing and networking problems, Web search, information security, auctions and games, complexity and randomness, and the life sciences - that show how algorithmic thinking offers practical solutions and also deepens domain knowledge. The contributing authors are top-class researchers with considerable academic and industrial experience; they are also excellent educators and communicators and they draw on this experience with enthusiasm and humor. This book is an excellent introduction to an intriguing domain and it will be enjoyed by undergraduate and postgraduate students in computer science, engineering, and mathematics, and more broadly by all those engaged with algorithmic thinking.
The Power of Forgetting
by Mike BysterAn uncommon guide for accomplishing more every day by engaging the unique skill of forgetting, from the creator of the award-winning memory training system BraineticsIs it possible that the answer to becoming a more efficient and effective thinker is learning how to forget? Yes! Mike Byster will show you how mastering this extraordinary technique--forgetting unnecessary information, sifting through brain clutter, and focusing on only important nuggets of data--will change the quality of your work and life balance forever.Using the six tools in The Power of Forgetting, you'll learn how to be a more agile thinker and productive individual. You will overcome the staggering volume of daily distractions that lead to to brain fog, an inability to concentrate, lack of creativity, stress, anxiety, nervousness, angst, worry, dread, and even depression. By training your brain with Byster's exclusive quizzes and games, you'll develop the critical skills to become more successful in all that you do, each and every day.d elsewhere, Genius is a bold call for all of us to ignite our inner genius--and live up to our greatest potential.
The Power of Geometric Algebra Computing: For Engineering and Quantum Computing
by Dietmar HildenbrandGeometric Algebra is a very powerful mathematical system for an easy and intuitive treatment of geometry, but the community working with it is still very small. The main goal of this book is to close this gap from a computing perspective in presenting the power of Geometric Algebra Computing for engineering applications and quantum computing. The Power of Geometric Algebra Computing is based on GAALOPWeb, a new user-friendly, web-based tool for the generation of optimized code for different programming languages as well as for the visualization of Geometric Algebra algorithms for a wide range of engineering applications. Key Features: Introduces a new web-based optimizer for Geometric Algebra algorithms Supports many programming languages as well as hardware Covers the advantages of high-dimensional algebras Includes geometrically intuitive support of quantum computing This book includes applications from the fields of computer graphics, robotics and quantum computing and will help students, engineers and researchers interested in really computing with Geometric Algebra.
The Power of q
by Michael D. HirschhornThis unique book explores the world of q, known technically as basic hypergeometric series, and represents the author's personal and life-long study--inspired by Ramanujan--of aspects of this broad topic. While the level of mathematical sophistication is graduated, the book is designed to appeal to advanced undergraduates as well as researchers in the field. The principal aims are to demonstrate the power of the methods and the beauty of the results. The book contains novel proofs of many results in the theory of partitions and the theory of representations, as well as associated identities. Though not specifically designed as a textbook, parts of it may be presented in course work; it has many suitable exercises. After an introductory chapter, the power of q-series is demonstrated with proofs of Lagrange's four-squares theorem and Gauss's two-squares theorem. Attention then turns to partitions and Ramanujan's partition congruences. Several proofs of these are gi ven throughout the book. Many chapters are devoted to related and other associated topics. One highlight is a simple proof of an identity of Jacobi with application to string theory. On the way, we come across the Rogers-Ramanujan identities and the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction, the famous "forty identities" of Ramanujan, and the representation results of Jacobi, Dirichlet and Lorenz, not to mention many other interesting and beautiful results. We also meet a challenge of D. H. Lehmer to give a formula for the number of partitions of a number into four squares, prove a "mysterious" partition theorem of H. Farkas and prove a conjecture of R. Wm. Gosper "which even Erdős couldn't do. " The book concludes with a look at Ramanujan's remarkable tau function.
Power Prediction Modeling of Conventional High-Speed Craft
by Dejan Radojčić Milan Kalajdžić Aleksandar SimićThe proposed book addresses various power prediction methods, a principal design objective for high-speed craft of displacement, semi-displacement, and planing type. At the core of the power prediction methods are mathematical models based on experimental data derived from various high-speed hull and propeller series. Regression analysis and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) methods are used as extraction tools for this kind of models.The most significant factors for in-service power prediction are bare hull resistance, dynamic trim, and the propeller’s open-water efficiency. Therefore, mathematical modeling of these factors is a specific focus of the book. Furthermore, the book includes a summary of most of the power-prediction-relevant literature published in the last 50 years, and as such is intended as a reference overview of the best high-speed craft modeling practices.Once these mathematical models have been developed and validated, they can be readily programmed into software tools, thereby enabling the parametric analyses required for the optimization of a high-speed craft design. The proposed book is intended primarily for naval architects who design and develop various types of high-speed vessels (yachts, boats etc.), as well as for students who are interested in the design of fast vessels. The book includes useful Excel Macro Codes for the outlined mathematical models. Moreover, software for all considered models is provided.
Power System Dynamic Modelling and Analysis in Evolving Networks (CIGRE Green Books)
by Babak Badrzadeh Zia EminThis Green Book is an essential resource for power system engineers seeking comprehensive information on contemporary power system dynamic modelling and analysis. With today's rapid adoption of inverter-based resources and the resulting changes in power system dynamics, this book compares conventional power systems with evolving power systems characterized by high shares of grid-connected and distributed inverter-based resources. It covers dynamic phenomena, analysis methods, simulation tools and enablers required for secure and reliable system planning and operation. Starting with an overview of power system studies and associated analysis tools, the book provides modelling requirements for various power system components, including existing and emerging technologies. It includes practical examples from real-world power systems worldwide that act as step-by-step study guides for practising engineers and provides knowledge to apply in their day-to-day tasks. Additionally, the book emphasizes the importance of power system model acceptance testing and validation, providing practical examples of various testing methods. Written with practising power system engineers in mind, this book minimizes the use of advanced mathematics. However, relevant sources for those interested in learning more about mathematical concepts are provided. Overall, this book is an invaluable resource for power system engineers navigating contemporary power systems. Readers who would like to comment on any of the published books or identify errors to the editorial team please contact: cigregreenbooks@springer.com.
Power System Loads and Power System Stability (Springer Theses)
by Yue ZhuThis thesis develops a pioneering methodology and a concept for identifying critical loads and load model parameters in large power networks based on their influence on power system stability. The research described in the thesis first develops an automatic load modelling tool (ALMT) that can be used to automatically build load model from actual measured power system data without human intervention and the benefits of the ALMY are explored. Secondly, it develops a pioneering framework based on Morris screening method for ranking power system load model parameters based on their influence on overall power system stability (voltage, frequency, transient and small disturbance stability) considering different load models and loading conditions. Thirdly, a novel probabilistic methodology for determining the accuracy levels of critical load model parameters has been developed. This book will be of interest to students and researchers within the field of electrical engineering, as well as industry professionals.
Power Up Workbook: Course 3 (Saxon Math)
by Stephen HakeThe Power Up section of each lesson in Saxon Math Course 3 is designed to build your mathematical power. Each Power Up has three parts: Facts Practice, Mental Math, and Problem Solving. <p><p> The three parts are printed on every Power Up page where you will record your answers. This workbook contains a Power Up page for every lesson.
Power, Voting, and Voting Power: 30 Years After
by Hannu Nurmi Manfred J HollerThe developments over a thirty-year time span in the study of power, especially voting power, are traced in this book, which provides an up-to-date overview of applications of n-person game theory to the study of power in multimember bodies. Other theories that shed light on power distribution (e.g. aggregation theory) are treated as well. The book revisits the themes discussed in the well-known 1982 publication "Power, Voting and Voting Power" (edited by Manfred J. Holler). Thirty years later this essential topic has been taken up again and many of the authors from its predecessor participate here again in discussing the state-of-the-art, demonstrating the achievements of three decades of intensive research, and pointing the way to key issues for future work.
Practical Algebra: A Self-Teaching Guide (Wiley Self-Teaching Guides #110)
by Bobson Wong Larisa Bukalov Steve SlavinThe most practical, complete, and accessible guide for understanding algebra If you want to make sense of algebra, check out Practical Algebra: A Self-Teaching Guide. Written by two experienced classroom teachers, this Third Edition is completely revised to align with the Common Core Algebra I math standards used in many states. You’ll get an overview of solving linear and quadratic equations, using ratios and proportions, decoding word problems, graphing and interpreting functions, modeling the real world with statistics, and other concepts found in today’s algebra courses. This book also contains a brief review of pre-algebra topics, including arithmetic and fractions. It has concrete strategies that help diverse students to succeed, such as: over 500 images and tables that illustrate important concepts over 200 model examples with complete solutions almost 1,500 exercises with answers so you can monitor your progressPractical Algebra emphasizes making connections to what you already know and what you’ll learn in the future. You’ll learn to see algebra as a logical and consistent system of ideas and see how it connects to other mathematical topics. This book makes math more accessible by treating it as a language. It has tips for pronouncing and using mathematical notation, a glossary of commonly used terms in algebra, and a glossary of symbols. Along the way, you’ll discover how different cultures around the world over thousands of years developed many of the mathematical ideas we use today. Since students nowadays can use a variety of tools to handle complex modeling tasks, this book contains technology tips that apply no matter what device you’re using. It also describes strategies for avoiding common mistakes that students make. By working through Practical Algebra, you’ll learn straightforward techniques for solving problems, and understand why these techniques work so you’ll retain what you’ve learned. You (or your students) will come away with better scores on algebra tests and a greater confidence in your ability to do math.
Practical Android
by Mark WickhamAndroid Software Development: A Collection of Practical Projects is a new book by Android instructor Mark Wickham. The book includes content from some of his most popular classes the past years allowing readers to get the benefit of the classes packaged together in this useful Android text. The book includes in-depth coverage of some of the most important topics for Android developers, such as: connectivity, image handling, push messaging, and more. Electronic content available as a companion resource to the book includes access to 14 complete Android projects which you can import into your development environment and customize to meet your own requirements. The book uses a project-based approach. Unlike most books on the market today, The book provides complete working code for all of the projects. In Android, there are always multiple ways to accomplish a given task. The book helps developers choose the best approach for their app and lets developers implement their solution quickly by leveraging complete projects. When you purchase the book, you will get access to 14 complete Android projects- that's more than 10,000 lines of fully tested Java code ready for you to use. Developers appreciate this approach because it enables them to focus on their apps, and not waste time tying to integrate code snippets or troubleshoot environment setup issues. Visit the book website at: http://bit. ly/2dGOPHk The book includes the following chapters: Introduction to JSON - shows you how to use the popular notation language to add flexibility to your apps. Connectivity - covers all aspects of HTTP in Android. Shows you how to determine if your server is reachable. Lazyloading - a common pattern for most apps which is not trivial to implement. Covers all of the major libraries. Remote Crashlogs - implement a solution for your apps so you know when they crash and can provide timely fixes. Uploading & Emailing - allow users to upload content to a server and email content using email implementations. Push Messaging - take your app to the next level by adding push. Two complete working examples covered. Android Audio - provides complete coverage of all the Android audio API's and systhesis engines. Helps you select the right audio approach for your app.
Practical Applications of Stochastic Modelling: 11th International Workshop, PASM 2022, Alicante, Spain, September 23, 2022, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1786)
by Matthew Forshaw Katja Gilly William Knottenbelt Nigel ThomasThis book constitutes the referred proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Practical Applications of Stochastic Modelling, PASM 2022, was held in Alicante, Spain, in September 2022.The 7 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 9 submissions. The papers demonstrate a diverse set of applications and approaches of stochastic modelling.
A Practical Approach to Metaheuristics using LabVIEW and MATLAB® (Chapman & Hall/CRC Computer and Information Science Series)
by Pedro Ponce-Cruz Arturo Molina Gutiérrez Ricardo A. Ramírez-Mendoza Efraín Méndez Flores Alexandro Antonio Espinoza David Christopher SilvaMetaheuristic optimization has become a prime alternative for solving complex optimization problems in several areas. Hence, practitioners and researchers have been paying extensive attention to those metaheuristic algorithms that are mainly based on natural phenomena. However, when those algorithms are implemented, there are not enough books that deal with theoretical and experimental problems in a friendly manner so this book presents a novel structure that includes a complete description of the most important metaheuristic optimization algorithms as well as a new proposal of a new metaheuristic optimization named earthquake optimization. This book also has several practical exercises and a toolbox for MATLAB® and a toolkit for LabVIEW are integrated as complementary material for this book. These toolkits allow readers to move from a simulation environment to an experimentation one very fast. This book is suitable for researchers, students, and professionals in several areas, such as economics, architecture, computer science, electrical engineering, and control systems. The unique features of this book are as follows: Developed for researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and practitioners A friendly description of the main metaheuristic optimization algorithms Theoretical and practical optimization examples A new earthquake optimization algorithm Updated state-of-the-art and research optimization projects The authors are multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary lecturers and researchers who have written a structure-friendly learning methodology to understand each metaheuristic optimization algorithm presented in this book.
A Practical Approach to Quantitative Validation of Patient-Reported Outcomes: A Simulation-based Guide Using SAS (Statistics in Practice)
by Andrew G. Bushmakin Joseph C. CappelleriA Practical Approach to Quantitative Validation of Patient-Reported Outcomes A Practical Approach to Quantitative Validation of Patient-Reported Outcomes A Simulation-Based Guide Using SASIn A Practical Approach to Quantitative Validation of Patient-Reported Outcomes, two distinguished researchers, with 50 years of collective research experience and hundreds of publications on patient-centered research, deliver a detailed and comprehensive exposition on the critical steps required for quantitative validation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The book provides an incisive and instructional explanation and discussion on major aspects of psychometric validation methodology on PROs, especially relevant for medical applications sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry, where SAS is the primary software, and evaluated in regulatory and other healthcare environments. Central topics include test-retest reliability, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, construct and criterion validity, responsiveness and sensitivity, interpretation of PRO scores and findings, and meaningful within-patient change and clinical important difference. The authors provide step-by-step guidance while walking readers through how to structure data prior to a PRO analysis and demonstrate how to implement analyses with simulated examples grounded in real-life scenarios. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to patient-reported outcomes, including their definition, development, and psychometric validationComprehensive explorations of the validation workflow, including discussions of clinical trials as a data source for validation and the validation workflow for single and multi-item scalesIn-depth discussions of key concepts related to a validation of a measurement scaleSpecial attention is given to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance on development and validation of the PROs, which lay the foundation and inspiration for the analytic methods executed A Practical Approach to Quantitative Validation of Patient-Reported Outcomes is a required reference that will benefit psychometricians, statisticians, biostatisticians, epidemiologists, health service and public health researchers, outcome research scientists, regulators, and payers. STATISTICS IN PRACTICE A series of practical books outlining the use of statistical techniques in a wide range of applications areas: HUMAN AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES INDUSTRY, COMMERCE AND FINANCE
A Practical Approach to Using Statistics in Health Research: From Planning to Reporting
by Adam Mackridge Philip RoweA hands-on guide to using statistics in health research, from planning, through analysis, and on to reporting A Practical Approach to Using Statistics in Health Research offers an easy to use, step-by-step guide for using statistics in health research. The authors use their experience of statistics and health research to explain how statistics fit in to all stages of the research process. They explain how to determine necessary sample sizes, interpret whether there are statistically significant difference in outcomes between groups, and use measured effect sizes to decide whether any changes are large enough to be relevant to professional practice. The text walks you through how to identify the main outcome measure for your study and the factor which you think may influence that outcome and then determine what type of data will be used to record both of these. It then describes how this information is used to select the most appropriate methods to report and analyze your data. A step-by-step guide on how to use a range of common statistical procedures are then presented in separate chapters. To help you make sure that you are using statistics robustly, the authors also explore topics such as multiple testing and how to check whether measured data follows a normal distribution. Videos showing how to use computer packages to carry out all the various methods mentioned in the book are available on our companion web site. This book: • Covers statistical aspects of all the stages of health research from planning to final reporting • Explains how to report statistical planning, how analyses were performed, and the results and conclusion • Puts the spotlight on consideration of clinical significance and not just statistical significance • Explains the importance of reporting 95% confidence intervals for effect size • Includes a systematic guide for selection of statistical tests and uses example data sets and videos to help you understand exactly how to use statistics Written as an introductory guide to statistics for healthcare professionals, students and lecturers in the fields of pharmacy, nursing, medicine, dentistry, physiotherapy, and occupational therapy, A Practical Approach to Using Statistics in Health Research:From Planning to Reporting is a handy reference that focuses on the application of statistical methods within the health research context.
Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry I: An Overview of the Last Two Decades and Current Trends
by Jerzy Leszczynski Manoj K. K. ShuklaPractical Aspects of Computational Chemistry I: An Overview of the Last Two Decades and Current Trends gathers the advances made within the last 20 years by well-known experts in the area of theoretical and computational chemistry and physics. The title itself reflects the celebration of the twentieth anniversary of the “Conference on Current Trends in Computational Chemistry (CCTCC)” to which all authors have participated and contributed to its success. This volume poses (and answers) important questions of interest to the computational chemistry community and beyond. What is the historical background of the “Structural Chemistry”? Is there any way to avoid the problem of intruder state in the multi-reference formulation? What is the recent progress on multi-reference coupled cluster theory? Starting with a historical account of structural chemistry, the book focuses on the recent advances made in promising theories such as many body Brillouin-Wigner theory, multireference state-specific coupled cluster theory, relativistic effect in chemistry, linear and nonlinear optical properties of molecules, solution to Kohn-Sham problem, electronic structure of solid state materials, development of model core potential, quantum Monte Carlo method, nano and molecular electronics, dynamics of photodimerization and excited states, intermolecular interactions, hydrogen bonding and non-hydrogen bonding interactions, conformational flexibility, metal cations in zeolite catalyst and interaction of nucleic acid bases with minerals. Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry I: An Overview of the Last Two Decades and Current Trends is aimed at theoretical and computational chemists, physical chemists, materials scientists, and particularly those who are eager to apply computational chemistry methods to problem of chemical and physical importance. This book will provide valuable information to undergraduate, graduate, and PhD students as well as to established researchers.