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Algebraic Combinatorics: Walks, Trees, Tableaux, and More (Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics #38)
by Richard P. StanleyWritten by one of the foremost experts in the field, Algebraic Combinatorics is a unique undergraduate textbook that will prepare the next generation of pure and applied mathematicians. The combination of the author's extensive knowledge of combinatorics and classical and practical tools from algebra will inspire motivated students to delve deeply into the fascinating interplay between algebra and combinatorics. Readers will be able to apply their newfound knowledge to mathematical, engineering, and business models. The text is primarily intended for use in a one-semester advanced undergraduate course in algebraic combinatorics, enumerative combinatorics, or graph theory. Prerequisites include a basic knowledge of linear algebra over a field, existence of finite fields, and group theory. The topics in each chapter build on one another and include extensive problem sets as well as hints to selected exercises. Key topics include walks on graphs, cubes and the Radon transform, the Matrix-Tree Theorem, and the Sperner property. There are also three appendices on purely enumerative aspects of combinatorics related to the chapter material: the RSK algorithm, plane partitions, and the enumeration of labeled trees. Richard Stanley is currently professor of Applied Mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Stanley has received several awards including the George Polya Prize in applied combinatorics, the Guggenheim Fellowship, and the Leroy P. Steele Prize for mathematical exposition. Also by the author: Combinatorics and Commutative Algebra, Second Edition, © Birkhauser.
Algebraic Combinatorics: Walks, Trees, Tableaux, and More (Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics #38)
by Richard P. StanleyWritten by one of the foremost experts in the field, Algebraic Combinatorics is a unique undergraduate textbook that will prepare the next generation of pure and applied mathematicians. The combination of the author’s extensive knowledge of combinatorics and classical and practical tools from algebra will inspire motivated students to delve deeply into the fascinating interplay between algebra and combinatorics. Readers will be able to apply their newfound understanding to mathematical, engineering, and business models. Prerequisites include a basic knowledge of linear algebra over a field, existence of finite fields, and rudiments of group theory. The topics in each chapter build on one another and include extensive problem sets as well as hints to selected exercises. Key topics include walks on graphs, cubes and the Radon transform, the Matrix-Tree Theorem, de Bruijn sequences, the Erdős–Moser conjecture, electrical networks, the Sperner property, shellability of simplicial complexes and face rings. There are also three appendices on purely enumerative aspects of combinatorics related to the chapter material: the RSK algorithm, plane partitions, and the enumeration of labeled trees.The new edition contains a bit more content than intended for a one-semester advanced undergraduate course in algebraic combinatorics, enumerative combinatorics, or graph theory. Instructors may pick and choose chapters/sections for course inclusion and students can immerse themselves in exploring additional gems once the course has ended. A chapter on combinatorial commutative algebra (Chapter 12) is the heart of added material in this new edition. The author gives substantial application without requisites needed for algebraic topology and homological algebra. A sprinkling of additional exercises and a new section (13.8) involving commutative algebra, have been added.From reviews of the first edition:“This gentle book provides the perfect stepping-stone up. The various chapters treat diverse topics … . Stanley’s emphasis on ‘gems’ unites all this —he chooses his material to excite students and draw them into further study. … Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above.” —D. V. Feldman, Choice, Vol. 51(8), April, 2014
Algebraic Curves and Riemann Surfaces for Undergraduates: The Theory of the Donut
by Noam Greenberg Anil NerodeThe theory relating algebraic curves and Riemann surfaces exhibits the unity of mathematics: topology, complex analysis, algebra and geometry all interact in a deep way. This textbook offers an elementary introduction to this beautiful theory for an undergraduate audience. At the heart of the subject is the theory of elliptic functions and elliptic curves. A complex torus (or “donut”) is both an abelian group and a Riemann surface. It is obtained by identifying points on the complex plane. At the same time, it can be viewed as a complex algebraic curve, with addition of points given by a geometric “chord-and-tangent” method. This book carefully develops all of the tools necessary to make sense of this isomorphism. The exposition is kept as elementary as possible and frequently draws on familiar notions in calculus and algebra to motivate new concepts. Based on a capstone course given to senior undergraduates, this book is intended as a textbook for courses at this level and includes a large number of class-tested exercises. The prerequisites for using the book are familiarity with abstract algebra, calculus and analysis, as covered in standard undergraduate courses.
Algebraic Curves in Cryptography (Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications)
by San Ling Huaxiong Wang Chaoping XingThe reach of algebraic curves in cryptography goes far beyond elliptic curve or public key cryptography yet these other application areas have not been systematically covered in the literature. Addressing this gap, Algebraic Curves in Cryptography explores the rich uses of algebraic curves in a range of cryptographic applications, such as secret sh
Algebraic Curves: Towards Moduli Spaces (Moscow Lectures #2)
by Maxim E. Kazaryan Sergei K. Lando Victor V. PrasolovThis book offers a concise yet thorough introduction to the notion of moduli spaces of complex algebraic curves. Over the last few decades, this notion has become central not only in algebraic geometry, but in mathematical physics, including string theory, as well. The book begins by studying individual smooth algebraic curves, including the most beautiful ones, before addressing families of curves. Studying families of algebraic curves often proves to be more efficient than studying individual curves: these families and their total spaces can still be smooth, even if there are singular curves among their members. A major discovery of the 20th century, attributed to P. Deligne and D. Mumford, was that curves with only mild singularities form smooth compact moduli spaces. An unexpected byproduct of this discovery was the realization that the analysis of more complex curve singularities is not a necessary step in understanding the geometry of the moduli spaces. The book does not use the sophisticated machinery of modern algebraic geometry, and most classical objects related to curves – such as Jacobian, space of holomorphic differentials, the Riemann-Roch theorem, and Weierstrass points – are treated at a basic level that does not require a profound command of algebraic geometry, but which is sufficient for extending them to vector bundles and other geometric objects associated to moduli spaces. Nevertheless, it offers clear information on the construction of the moduli spaces, and provides readers with tools for practical operations with this notion. Based on several lecture courses given by the authors at the Independent University of Moscow and Higher School of Economics, the book also includes a wealth of problems, making it suitable not only for individual research, but also as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate coursework
Algebraic Design Theory and Hadamard Matrices: ADTHM, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada, July 2014 (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics #133)
by Charles J. ColbournThis volume develops the depth and breadth of the mathematics underlying the construction and analysis of Hadamard matrices, and their use in the construction of combinatorial designs. At the same time, it pursues current research in their numerous applications in security and cryptography, quantum information, and communications. Bridges among diverse mathematical threads and extensive applications make this an invaluable source for understanding both the current state of the art and future directions. The existence of Hadamard matrices remains one of the most challenging open questions in combinatorics. Substantial progress on their existence has resulted from advances in algebraic design theory using deep connections with linear algebra, abstract algebra, finite geometry, number theory, and combinatorics. Hadamard matrices arise in a very diverse set of applications. Starting with applications in experimental design theory and the theory of error-correcting codes, they have found unexpected and important applications in cryptography, quantum information theory, communications, and networking.
Algebraic Equations: An Introduction to the Theories of Lagrange and Galois
by Edgar DehnMeticulous and complete, this presentation of Galois' theory of algebraic equations is geared toward upper-level undergraduate and graduate students. The theories of both Lagrange and Galois are developed in logical rather than historical form. And they are given a more thorough exposition than is customary. For this reason, and also because the author concentrates on concrete applications of algebraic theory, Algebraic Equations is an excellent supplementary text, offering students a concrete introduction to the abstract principles of Galois theory. Of further value are the many numerical examples throughout the book, which appear with complete solutions.A third of the text focuses on the basic ideas of algebraic theory, giving detailed explanations of integral functions, permutations, and groups. in addition to a very clear exposition of the symmetric group and its functions. A study of the theory of Lagrange follows. Using Lagrange's solvent as a basis for the solution of the general quadratic, cubic, and biquadratic equations. After a discussion of various groups (including isomorphic, transitive, and Abelian groups), a detailed study of Galois theory covers the properties of the Galoisian function, resolvent. and group, the general equation, reductions of the group, natural irrationality. and other features. The book concludes with the application of Galoisian theory to the solution of such special equations as Abelian, cyclic, metacyclic, and quintic equations.
Algebraic Extensions of Fields
by Paul J. Mccarthy"...clear, unsophisticated and direct..." -- MathThis textbook is intended to prepare graduate students for the further study of fields, especially algebraic number theory and class field theory. It presumes some familiarity with topology and a solid background in abstract algebra. Chapter 1 contains the basic results concerning algebraic extensions. In addition to separable and inseparable extensions and normal extensions, there are sections on finite fields, algebraically closed fields, primitive elements, and norms and traces. Chapter 2 is devoted to Galois theory. Besides the fundamental theorum of Galois theory and some examples, it contains discussions of cyclic extensions, Abelian extensions (Kummer theory), and the solutions of polynomial equations by radicals. Chapter 2 concludes with three sections devoted to the study of infinite algebraic extensions. The study of valuation theory, including a thorough discussion of prolongations of valuations, begins with Chapter 3. Chapter 4 is concerned with extensions of valuated field, and in particular, with extensions of complete valuated fields. Chapter 5 contains a proof of the unique factorization theorum for ideals of the ring of integers of an algebraic number field. The treatment is valuation-theoretic throughout. The chapter also contains a discussion of extensions of such fields. A special feature of this book is its more than 200 exercises - many of which contain new ideas and powerful applications - enabling students to see theoretical results studied in the text amplified by integration with these concrete exercises.
Algebraic Geometry
by Solomon LefschetzThis text for advanced undergraduate students is both an introduction to algebraic geometry and a bridge between its two parts — the analytical-topological and the algebraic. Because of its extensive use of formal power series (power series without convergency), the treatment will appeal to readers conversant with analysis but less familiar with the formidable techniques of modern algebra. The book opens with an overview of the results required from algebra and proceeds to the fundamental concepts of the general theory of algebraic varieties: general point, dimension, function field, rational transformations, and correspondences. A concentrated chapter on formal power series with applications to algebraic varieties follows. An extensive survey of algebraic curves includes places, linear series, abelian differentials, and algebraic correspondences. The text concludes with an examination of systems of curves on a surface.
Algebraic Geometry and Statistical Learning Theory
by Sumio WatanabeThe Cambridge Monographs on Applied and computational Mathematics reflect the crucial role of mathematical and computational techniques in contemporary science. The series includes titles in the Library of Computational Mathematics, published under the auspices of the Foundations of Computational Mathematics organisation. Sure to be influential, this book lays the foundations for the use of algebraic geometry in statistical learning theory. Many widely used statistical models and learning machines applied to information science have a parameter space that is singular: mixture models, neural networks, HMMS, Bayesian networks, and stochastic context-free grammars are major examples. Algebraic geometry and singularity theory provide the necessary tools for studying such non-smooth models. Four main formulas are established: (1) the log likelihood function can be given a common standard form using resolution of singularities, even applied to more complex models; (2) the asymptotic behavior of the marginal likelihood or ôthe evidenceô is derived based on zeta function theory; (3) new methods are derived to estimate the generalization errors in Bayes and Gibbs estimations from training errors; (4) the generalization errors of ; maximum likelihood and a posteriori methods are clarified by empirical process theory on algebraic varieties. Book jacket.
Algebraic Geometry between Tradition and Future: An Italian Perspective (Springer INdAM Series #53)
by Gilberto BiniAn incredible season for algebraic geometry flourished in Italy between 1860, when Luigi Cremona was assigned the chair of Geometria Superiore in Bologna, and 1959, when Francesco Severi published the last volume of the treatise on algebraic systems over a surface and an algebraic variety. This century-long season has had a prominent influence on the evolution of complex algebraic geometry - both at the national and international levels - and still inspires modern research in the area. "Algebraic geometry in Italy between tradition and future" is a collection of contributions aiming at presenting some of these powerful ideas and their connection to contemporary and, if possible, future developments, such as Cremonian transformations, birational classification of high-dimensional varieties starting from Gino Fano, the life and works of Guido Castelnuovo, Francesco Severi's mathematical library, etc. The presentation is enriched by the viewpoint of various researchers of the history of mathematics, who describe the cultural milieu and tell about the bios of some of the most famous mathematicians of those times.
Algebraic Geometry for Associative Algebras (Chapman & Hall/CRC Pure and Applied Mathematics)
by Freddy Van OystaeyenThis work focuses on the association of methods from topology, category and sheaf theory, algebraic geometry, noncommutative and homological algebras, quantum groups and spaces, rings of differential operation, Cech and sheaf cohomology theories, and dimension theories to create a blend of noncommutative algebraic geometry. It offers a scheme theor
Algebraic Geometry for Coding Theory and Cryptography: IPAM, Los Angeles, CA, February 2016 (Association for Women in Mathematics Series #9)
by Everett W. Howe Kristin E. Lauter Judy L. WalkerCovering topics in algebraic geometry, coding theory, and cryptography, this volume presents interdisciplinary group research completed for the February 2016 conference at the Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics (IPAM) in cooperation with the Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM). The conference gathered research communities across disciplines to share ideas and problems in their fields and formed small research groups made up of graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, junior faculty, and group leaders who designed and led the projects. Peer reviewed and revised, each of this volume's five papers achieves the conference's goal of using algebraic geometry to address a problem in either coding theory or cryptography. Proposed variants of the McEliece cryptosystem based on different constructions of codes, constructions of locally recoverable codes from algebraic curves and surfaces, and algebraic approaches to the multicast network coding problem are only some of the topics covered in this volume. Researchers and graduate-level students interested in the interactions between algebraic geometry and both coding theory and cryptography will find this volume valuable.
Algebraic Geometry: Part I: Schemes. With Examples and Exercises (Advanced Lectures in Mathematics)
by Ulrich Görtz Torsten WedhornThis book introduces the reader to modern algebraic geometry. It presents Grothendieck's technically demanding language of schemes that is the basis of the most important developments in the last fifty years within this area. A systematic treatment and motivation of the theory is emphasized, using concrete examples to illustrate its usefulness. Several examples from the realm of Hilbert modular surfaces and of determinantal varieties are used methodically to discuss the covered techniques. Thus the reader experiences that the further development of the theory yields an ever better understanding of these fascinating objects. The text is complemented by many exercises that serve to check the comprehension of the text, treat further examples, or give an outlook on further results. The volume at hand is an introduction to schemes. To get startet, it requires only basic knowledge in abstract algebra and topology. Essential facts from commutative algebra are assembled in an appendix. It will be complemented by a second volume on the cohomology of schemes.
Algebraic Graph Algorithms: A Practical Guide Using Python (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)
by K. ErciyesThis textbook discusses the design and implementation of basic algebraic graph algorithms, and algebraic graph algorithms for complex networks, employing matroids whenever possible. The text describes the design of a simple parallel matrix algorithm kernel that can be used for parallel processing of algebraic graph algorithms. Example code is presented in pseudocode, together with case studies in Python and MPI. The text assumes readers have a background in graph theory and/or graph algorithms.
Algebraic Graph Theory (Graduate Texts in Mathematics #207)
by Chris Godsil Gordon RoyleThis book presents and illustrates the main tools and ideas of algebraic graph theory, with a primary emphasis on current rather than classical topics. It is designed to offer self-contained treatment of the topic, with strong emphasis on concrete examples.
Algebraic Groups: The Theory of Group Schemes of Finite Type over a Field (Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics #170)
by J. S. MilneAlgebraic groups play much the same role for algebraists as Lie groups play for analysts. This book is the first comprehensive introduction to the theory of algebraic group schemes over fields that includes the structure theory of semisimple algebraic groups, and is written in the language of modern algebraic geometry. The first eight chapters study general algebraic group schemes over a field and culminate in a proof of the Barsotti-Chevalley theorem, realizing every algebraic group as an extension of an abelian variety by an affine group. After a review of the Tannakian philosophy, the author provides short accounts of Lie algebras and finite group schemes. The later chapters treat reductive algebraic groups over arbitrary fields, including the Borel-Chevalley structure theory. Solvable algebraic groups are studied in detail. Prerequisites have also been kept to a minimum so that the book is accessible to non-specialists in algebraic geometry.
Algebraic Inequalities (Problem Books in Mathematics)
by Hayk Sedrakyan Nairi SedrakyanThis unique collection of new and classical problems provides full coverage of algebraic inequalities. Many of the exercises are presented with detailed author-prepared-solutions, developing creativity and an arsenal of new approaches for solving mathematical problems. Algebraic Inequalities can be considered a continuation of the book Geometric Inequalities: Methods of Proving by the authors. This book can serve teachers, high-school students, and mathematical competitors. It may also be used as supplemental reading, providing readers with new and classical methods for proving algebraic inequalities.
Algebraic K-theory of Crystallographic Groups: The Three-Dimensional Splitting Case (Lecture Notes in Mathematics #2113)
by Daniel Scott Farley Ivonne Johanna OrtizThe Farrell-Jones isomorphism conjecture in algebraic K-theory offers a description of the algebraic K-theory of a group using a generalized homology theory. In cases where the conjecture is known to be a theorem, it gives a powerful method for computing the lower algebraic K-theory of a group. This book contains a computation of the lower algebraic K-theory of the split three-dimensional crystallographic groups, a geometrically important class of three-dimensional crystallographic group, representing a third of the total number. The book leads the reader through all aspects of the calculation. The first chapters describe the split crystallographic groups and their classifying spaces. Later chapters assemble the techniques that are needed to apply the isomorphism theorem. The result is a useful starting point for researchers who are interested in the computational side of the Farrell-Jones isomorphism conjecture, and a contribution to the growing literature in the field.
Algebraic Logic (Dover Books on Mathematics #154)
by Paul R. HalmosBeginning with an introduction to the concepts of algebraic logic, this concise volume features ten articles by a prominent mathematician that originally appeared in journals from 1954 to 1959. Covering monadic and polyadic algebras, these articles are essentially self-contained and accessible to a general mathematical audience, requiring no specialized knowledge of algebra or logic.Part One addresses monadic algebras, with articles on general theory, representation, and freedom. Part Two explores polyadic algebras, progressing from general theory and terms to equality. Part Three offers three items on polyadic Boolean algebras, including a survey of predicates, terms, operations, and equality. The book concludes with an additional bibliography and index.
Algebraic Methods in General Rough Sets (Trends in Mathematics)
by A. Mani Gianpiero Cattaneo Ivo DüntschThis unique collection of research papers offers a comprehensive and up-to-date guide to algebraic approaches to rough sets and reasoning with vagueness. It bridges important gaps, outlines intriguing future research directions, and connects algebraic approaches to rough sets with those for other forms of approximate reasoning. In addition, the book reworks algebraic approaches to axiomatic granularity. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers and teachers in the areas of rough sets and algebras of rough sets, algebraic logic, non classical logic, fuzzy sets, possibility theory, formal concept analysis, computational learning theory, category theory, and other formal approaches to vagueness and approximate reasoning. Consultants in AI and allied fields will also find the book to be of great practical value.
Algebraic Methods in Quantum Chemistry and Physics
by Francisco M. Fernandez E.A. CastroAlgebraic Methods in Quantum Chemistry and Physics provides straightforward presentations of selected topics in theoretical chemistry and physics, including Lie algebras and their applications, harmonic oscillators, bilinear oscillators, perturbation theory, numerical solutions of the Schrödinger equation, and parameterizations of the time-evolution operator.The mathematical tools described in this book are presented in a manner that clearly illustrates their application to problems arising in theoretical chemistry and physics. The application techniques are carefully explained with step-by-step instructions that are easy to follow, and the results are organized to facilitate both manual and numerical calculations.Algebraic Methods in Quantum Chemistry and Physics demonstrates how to obtain useful analytical results with elementary algebra and calculus and an understanding of basic quantum chemistry and physics.
Algebraic Modeling Systems: Modeling and Solving Real World Optimization Problems (Applied Optimization #104)
by Josef KallrathThis book Algebraic Modeling Systems - Modeling and Solving Real World Optimization Problems - deals with the aspects of modeling and solving real-world optimization problems in a unique combination. It treats systematically the major algebraic modeling languages (AMLs) and modeling systems (AMLs) used to solve mathematical optimization problems. AMLs helped significantly to increase the usage of mathematical optimization in industry. Therefore it is logical consequence that the GOR (Gesellschaft für Operations Research) Working Group Mathematical Optimization in Real Life had a second meeting devoted to AMLs, which, after 7 years, followed the original 71st Meeting of the GOR (Gesellschaft für Operations Research) Working Group Mathematical Optimization in Real Life which was held under the title Modeling Languages in Mathematical Optimization during April 23-25, 2003 in the German Physics Society Conference Building in Bad Honnef, Germany. While the first meeting resulted in the book Modeling Languages in Mathematical Optimization, this book is an offspring of the 86th Meeting of the GOR working group which was again held in Bad Honnef under the title Modeling Languages in Mathematical Optimization.
Algebraic Modeling of Topological and Computational Structures and Applications: THALES, Athens, Greece, July 1-3, 2015 (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics #219)
by Louis H. Kauffman Sofia Lambropoulou Doros Theodorou Petros StefaneasThis interdisciplinary book covers a wide range of subjects, from pure mathematics (knots, braids, homotopy theory, number theory) to more applied mathematics (cryptography, algebraic specification of algorithms, dynamical systems) and concrete applications (modeling of polymers and ionic liquids, video, music and medical imaging). The main mathematical focus throughout the book is on algebraic modeling with particular emphasis on braid groups. The research methods include algebraic modeling using topological structures, such as knots, 3-manifolds, classical homotopy groups, and braid groups. The applications address the simulation of polymer chains and ionic liquids, as well as the modeling of natural phenomena via topological surgery. The treatment of computational structures, including finite fields and cryptography, focuses on the development of novel techniques. These techniques can be applied to the design of algebraic specifications for systems modeling and verification. This book is the outcome of a workshop in connection with the research project Thales on Algebraic Modeling of Topological and Computational Structures and Applications, held at the National Technical University of Athens, Greece in July 2015. The reader will benefit from the innovative approaches to tackling difficult questions in topology, applications and interrelated research areas, which largely employ algebraic tools.
Algebraic Monoids, Group Embeddings, and Algebraic Combinatorics (Fields Institute Communications #71)
by Benjamin Steinberg Mahir Can Zhenheng Li Qiang WangThis book contains a collection of fifteen articles and is dedicated to the sixtieth birthdays of Lex Renner and Mohan Putcha, the pioneers of the field of algebraic monoids. Topics presented include: structure and representation theory of reductive algebraic monoids monoid schemes and applications of monoids monoids related to Lie theory equivariant embeddings of algebraic groups constructions and properties of monoids from algebraic combinatorics endomorphism monoids induced from vector bundles Hodge-Newton decompositions of reductive monoids A portion of these articles are designed to serve as a self-contained introduction to these topics, while the remaining contributions are research articles containing previously unpublished results, which are sure to become very influential for future work. Among these, for example, the important recent work of Michel Brion and Lex Renner showing that the algebraic semi groups are strongly π-regular. Graduate students as well as researchers working in the fields of algebraic (semi)group theory, algebraic combinatorics and the theory of algebraic group embeddings will benefit from this unique and broad compilation of some fundamental results in (semi)group theory, algebraic group embeddings and algebraic combinatorics merged under the umbrella of algebraic monoids.