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Quantitative Sociodynamics
by Dirk HelbingThis new edition of Quantitative Sociodynamics presents a general strategy for interdisciplinary model building and its application to a quantitative description of behavioral changes based on social interaction processes. Originally, the crucial methods for the modeling of complex systems (stochastic methods and nonlinear dynamics) were developed in physics and mathematics, but they have very often proven their explanatory power in chemistry, biology, economics and the social sciences as well. Quantitative Sociodynamics provides a unified and comprehensive overview of the different stochastic methods, their interrelations and properties. In addition, it introduces important concepts from nonlinear dynamics (e.g. synergetics, chaos theory). The applicability of these fascinating concepts to social phenomena is carefully discussed. By incorporating decision-theoretical approaches, a fundamental dynamic model is obtained, which opens new perspectives in the social sciences. It includes many established models as special cases, e.g. the logistic equation, the gravity model, some diffusion models, evolutionary game theory and social field theory. Moreover, it implies numerous new results and is relevant for various application areas, such as opinion formation, migration, the self-organization of behavioral conventions, and the behavior of customers and voters. Theoretical results are complemented and illustrated by numerous computer simulations. Quantitative Sociodynamics is relevant both for social scientists and natural scientists who are interested in the application of stochastic and synergetics concepts to interdisciplinary topics.
Quantitative Stochastic Homogenization and Large-Scale Regularity (Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften #352)
by Scott Armstrong Tuomo Kuusi Jean-Christophe MourratThe focus of this book is the large-scale statistical behavior of solutions of divergence-form elliptic equations with random coefficients, which is closely related to the long-time asymptotics of reversible diffusions in random media and other basic models of statistical physics. Of particular interest is the quantification of the rate at which solutions converge to those of the limiting, homogenized equation in the regime of large scale separation, and the description of their fluctuations around this limit. This self-contained presentation gives a complete account of the essential ideas and fundamental results of this new theory of quantitative stochastic homogenization, including the latest research on the topic, and is supplemented with many new results. The book serves as an introduction to the subject for advanced graduate students and researchers working in partial differential equations, statistical physics, probability and related fields, as well as a comprehensive reference for experts in homogenization. Being the first text concerned primarily with stochastic (as opposed to periodic) homogenization and which focuses on quantitative results, its perspective and approach are entirely different from other books in the literature.
Quantitative Tamarkin Theory (CRM Short Courses)
by Jun ZhangThis textbook offers readers a self-contained introduction to quantitative Tamarkin category theory. Functioning as a viable alternative to the standard algebraic analysis method, the categorical approach explored in this book makes microlocal sheaf theory accessible to a wide audience of readers interested in symplectic geometry. Much of this material has, until now, been scattered throughout the existing literature; this text finally collects that information into one convenient volume. After providing an overview of symplectic geometry, ranging from its background to modern developments, the author reviews the preliminaries with precision. This refresher ensures readers are prepared for the thorough exploration of the Tamarkin category that follows. A variety of applications appear throughout, such as sheaf quantization, sheaf interleaving distance, and sheaf barcodes from projectors. An appendix offers additional perspectives by highlighting further useful topics. Quantitative Tamarkin Theory is ideal for graduate students interested in symplectic geometry who seek an accessible alternative to the algebraic analysis method. A background in algebra and differential geometry is recommended.This book is part of the "Virtual Series on Symplectic Geometry"http://www.springer.com/series/16019
Quantitative Techniques in Business, Management and Finance: A Case-Study Approach
by Umeshkumar Dubey D P Kothari G K AwariThis book is especially relevant to undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers studying quantitative techniques as part of business, management and finance. It is an interdisciplinary book that covers all major topics involved at the interface between business and management on the one hand and mathematics and statistics on the other. Managers and others in industry and commerce who wish to obtain a working knowledge of quantitative techniques will also find this book useful.
Quantitative Tourism Industry Analysis
by Tadayuki HaraQuantitative Tourism Industry Analysis is the first book to deal with the input-output, social accounting matrix in a way which readers from a non-economics or non-mathematical background can follow, in order to understand how useful their application would be for tourism industry analysis. It acquaints readers with useful applications of economic modelling without the unnecessary burden of higher algebra, so that they will understand concepts of the economics measurement system, Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA) methodology.Quantitative Tourism Industry Analysis offers a new set of economic tools for tourism policy analysis, ideal for those with a non-mathematical background.
Quantitative Tourism Research in Asia: Current Status And Future Directions (Perspectives on Asian Tourism)
by Sajad RezaeiThe purpose of this book is twofold. First, this book is an attempt to map the state of quantitative research in Asian tourism and hospitality context and provide a detailed description of the design, implementation, application, and challenges of quantitative methods in tourism in Asia. Second, this book aims to contribute to the tourism literature by discussing the past, current and future quantitative data analysis methods.The book offers new insights into well-established research techniques such as regression analysis, but goes beyond first generation data analysis techniques to introduce methods seldom – if ever – used in tourism and hospitality research. In addition to investigating existing and novel research techniques, the book suggests areas for future studies. In order to achieve its objectives the analysis is split into three main sections: understanding the tourism industry in Asia; the current status of quantitative data analysis; and future directions for Asian tourism research.
Quantitative Trading: Algorithms, Analytics, Data, Models, Optimization
by Tze Leung Lai Howard Shek Samuel Po-Shing Wong Xin GuoThe first part of this book discusses institutions and mechanisms of algorithmic trading, market microstructure, high-frequency data and stylized facts, time and event aggregation, order book dynamics, trading strategies and algorithms, transaction costs, market impact and execution strategies, risk analysis, and management. The second part covers market impact models, network models, multi-asset trading, machine learning techniques, and nonlinear filtering. The third part discusses electronic market making, liquidity, systemic risk, recent developments and debates on the subject.
Quantitative User Experience Research: Informing Product Decisions by Understanding Users at Scale
by Chris Chapman Kerry RoddenThis book is your definitive guide to the rapidly growing role of Quantitative User Experience (Quant UX) Research in product development. The book provides an overview of the skills you need on the job, presents hands-on projects with reusable code, and shares advice on starting and developing a career. The book goes beyond basic skills to focus on what is unique to Quant UX. The authors are two of the most widely recognized practitioners in Quant UX research, and this book shares insights from their combined decades of experience. Organizations today have more data about user needs and behaviors than ever before. With this large-scale data, Quant UX researchers work to understand usage patterns, measure the impact of design changes, and inform strategic decisions. In the Quant UX role, interdisciplinary researchers apply analytical skills to uncover user needs, inform engineering and design, answer strategic business questions, and optimize software and hardware products for human interaction. This book provides guidance around customer satisfaction surveys, understanding user behavior from log analysis, and the statistical methods that are commonly used to assess user outcomes. What You Will LearnDiscover the role of Quantitative User Experience (Quant UX) researchUnderstand how Quant UX research differs from other disciplines such as data sciencePlan common research projects and know how to achieve successPosition Quant UX activities in product development, engineering, and UX organizationsApply the HEART framework to measure user experience outcomesEvaluate your skills and potential to be hired as a Quant UX researcherKnow what to expect during job interviewsFind examples of common Quant UX projects with shared R code and data setsWho This Book Is ForPractitioners and managers who seek a comprehensive guide to the new field of Quantitative User Experience Research. Readers will understand the Quant UX role, build research skills, find examples of hands-on code and analyses, learn about UX organizations and stakeholders, and receive advice on job interviews and career paths. Data scientists, social scientists, and other researchers will learn how their skills transfer to Quant UX, where they can help teams build better, more successful products.
Quantization, Geometry and Noncommutative Structures in Mathematics and Physics
by Alexander Cardona Pedro Morales Hernán Ocampo Sylvie Paycha Andrés F. Reyes LegaThis monograph presents various ongoing approaches to the vast topic of quantization, which is the process of forming a quantum mechanical system starting from a classical one, and discusses their numerous fruitful interactions with mathematics. The opening chapter introduces the various forms of quantization and their interactions with each other and with mathematics. A first approach to quantization, called deformation quantization, consists of viewing the Planck constant as a small parameter. This approach provides a deformation of the structure of the algebra of classical observables rather than a radical change in the nature of the observables. When symmetries come into play, deformation quantization needs to be merged with group actions, which is presented in chapter 2, by Simone Gutt. The noncommutativity arising from quantization is the main concern of noncommutative geometry. Allowing for the presence of symmetries requires working with principal fiber bundles in a non-commutative setup, where Hopf algebras appear naturally. This is the topic of chapter 3, by Christian Kassel. Nichols algebras, a special type of Hopf algebras, are the subject of chapter 4, by Nicol#65533;s Andruskiewitsch. The purely algebraic approaches given in the previous chapters do not take the geometry of space-time into account. For this purpose a special treatment using a more geometric point of view is required. An approach to field quantization on curved space-time, with applications to cosmology, is presented in chapter 5 in an account of the lectures of Abhay Ashtekar that brings a complementary point of view to non-commutativity. An alternative quantization procedure is known under the name of string theory. In chapter 6 its supersymmetric version is presented. Superstrings have drawn the attention of many mathematicians, due to its various fruitful interactions with algebraic geometry, some of which are described here. The remaining chapters discuss further topics, as the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism and direct products of spectral triples. This volume addresses both physicists and mathematicians and serves as an introduction to ongoing research in very active areas of mathematics and physics at the border line between geometry, topology, algebra and quantum field theory.
Quantization Methods in the Theory of Differential Equations (Differential and Integral Equations and Their Applications)
by null Vladimir E. Nazaikinskii null B.-W. Schulze null Boris Yu. SterninThis volume presents a systematic and mathematically rigorous exposition of methods for studying linear partial differential equations. It focuses on quantization of the corresponding objects (states, observables and canonical transformations) in the phase space. The quantization of all three types of classical objects is carried out in a unified w
The Quantization of Gravity (Fundamental Theories of Physics #194)
by Claus GerhardtA unified quantum theory incorporating the four fundamental forces of nature is one of the major open problems in physics. The Standard Model combines electro-magnetism, the strong force and the weak force, but ignores gravity. The quantization of gravity is therefore a necessary first step to achieve a unified quantum theory. In this monograph a canonical quantization of gravity has been achieved by quantizing a geometric evolution equation resulting in a gravitational wave equation in a globally hyperbolic spacetime. Applying the technique of separation of variables we obtain eigenvalue problems for temporal and spatial self-adjoint operators where the temporal operator has a pure point spectrum with eigenvalues $\lambda_i$ and related eigenfunctions, while, for the spatial operator, it is possible to find corresponding eigendistributions for each of the eigenvalues $\lambda_i$, if the Cauchy hypersurface is asymptotically Euclidean or if the quantized spacetime is a black hole with a negative cosmological constant. The hyperbolic equation then has a sequence of smooth solutions which are products of temporal eigenfunctions and spatial eigendistributions. Due to this "spectral resolution" of the wave equation quantum statistics can also be applied to the quantized systems. These quantum statistical results could help to explain the nature of dark matter and dark energy.
The Quantization of Gravity (Fundamental Theories of Physics #194)
by Claus GerhardtA unified quantum theory incorporating the four fundamental forces of nature is one of the major open problems in physics. The Standard Model combines electro-magnetism, the strong force and the weak force, but ignores gravity. The quantization of gravity is therefore a necessary first step to achieve a unified quantum theory. In this monograph a canonical quantization of gravity has been achieved by quantizing a geometric evolution equation resulting in a hyperbolic equation in a fiber bundle, where the base space represents a Cauchy hypersurface of the quantized spacetime and the fibers the Riemannian metrics in the base space. The hyperbolic operator, a second order partial differential operator, acts both in the fibers as well as in the base space. In this second edition new results are presented which allow the solutions of the hyperbolic equation to be expressed as products of spatial and temporal eigenfunctions of self-adjoint operators. These eigenfunctions form complete bases in appropriate Hilbert spaces. The eigenfunctions depending on the fiber elements are a subset of the Fourier kernel of the symmetric space SL(n,R)/SO(n), where n is the dimension of the base space; they represent the elementary gravitons corresponding to the degrees of freedom in choosing the entries of Riemannian metrics with determinants equal to one. These are all the degrees of freedom available because of the coordinate system invariance: For any smooth Riemannian metric there exists an atlas such that in each chart the determinant of the metric is equal to one. In the important case n=3 the Standard Model could also be incorporated such that one can speak of a unified quantization of all four fundamental forces of nature.
Quantized Detector Networks: The Theory of Observation (Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics)
by George JaroszkiewiczScientists have been debating the meaning of quantum mechanics for over a century. This book for graduate students and researchers gets to the root of the problem; the contextual nature of empirical truth, the laws of observation and how these impact on our understanding of quantum physics. Bridging the gap between non-relativistic quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, this novel approach to quantum mechanics extends the standard formalism to cover the observer and their apparatus. The author demystifies some of the aspects of quantum mechanics that have traditionally been regarded as extraordinary, such as wave-particle duality and quantum superposition, by emphasizing the scientific principles rather than the mathematical modelling involved. Including key experiments and worked examples throughout to encourage the reader to focus on empirically sound concepts, this book avoids metaphysical speculation and also alerts the reader to the use of computer algebra to explore quantum experiments of virtually limitless complexity.
Quantum Adaptivity in Biology: From Genetics to Cognition
by Masanari Asano Andrei Khrennikov Masanori Ohya Yoshiharu Tanaka Ichiro YamatoThis book examines information processing performed by bio-systems at all scales: from genomes, cells and proteins to cognitive and even social systems. It introduces a theoretical/conceptual principle based on quantum information and non-Kolmogorov probability theory to explain information processing phenomena in biology as a whole. The book begins with an introduction followed by two chapters devoted to fundamentals, one covering classical and quantum probability, which also contains a brief introduction to quantum formalism, and another on an information approach to molecular biology, genetics and epigenetics. It then goes on to examine adaptive dynamics, including applications to biology, and non-Kolmogorov probability theory. Next, the book discusses the possibility to apply the quantum formalism to model biological evolution, especially at the cellular level: genetic and epigenetic evolutions. It also presents a model of the epigenetic cellular evolution based on the mathematical formalism of open quantum systems. The last two chapters of the book explore foundational problems of quantum mechanics and demonstrate the power of usage of positive operator valued measures (POVMs) in biological science. This book will appeal to a diverse group of readers including experts in biology, cognitive science, decision making, sociology, psychology, and physics; mathematicians working on problems of quantum probability and information and researchers in quantum foundations.
Quantum and Blockchain for Modern Computing Systems: Quantum and Blockchain Technologies: Current Trends and Challenges (Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies #133)
by Adarsh Kumar Sukhpal Singh Gill Ajith AbrahamThis book states that blockchain technology provides a secure distributed, peer-to-peer, and decentralized network with advanced cryptography primitives and protocols. The important question that arises in the quantum computing world is to test the existing blockchain networks against quantum attacks and design quantum computing enabled secure blockchain solutions. This book encourages professionals from different fields to provide blockchain and quantum technology-integrated solutions that incorporate low-cost, effective QoS, fast, secure, and futuristic demands. This book has surveyed and proposed approaches that improve quantum computing and cryptography protocols. Quantum computing and quantum science are not just helpful in software but the hardware world as well. To design networks with quantum science, quantum-enabled devices like quantum memories and quantum repeaters can be useful to demonstrate for organizations. For example, designing a single quantum repeater for long-distance quantum communication is useful in reducing the network cost, and ensuring better security levels. This book has introduced the quantum computing and blockchain technology aspects, their integration approaches and future directions.
Quantum Aspects of Black Holes (Fundamental Theories of Physics #178)
by Xavier CalmetBeginning with an overview of the theory of black holes by the editor, this book presents a collection of ten chapters by leading physicists dealing with the variety of quantum mechanical and quantum gravitational effects pertinent to black holes. The contributions address topics such as Hawking radiation, the thermodynamics of black holes, the information paradox and firewalls, Monsters, primordial black holes, self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates, the formation of small black holes in high energetic collisions of particles, minimal length effects in black holes and small black holes at the Large Hadron Collider. Viewed as a whole the collection provides stimulating reading for researchers and graduate students seeking a summary of the quantum features of black holes.
Quantum Chemistry
by M. S. RaoQuantum Chemistry provides a coherent and structured approach in introducing the concept of 'quantum' to the students of quantum mechanics. An attempt is made to bring out the subtleties of quantum mechanics, hidden in its abstract laws and equations, applicable to the atomic domain by showing its relevance to the observable macroscopic world as well. The book will help students dispel the stigma associated with quantum mechanics. The emphasis on conceptual approach provides a platform to stand on, and a stimulus to pursue higher quantum mechanics—the doorway to the all-pervasive quantum world. Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan or Bhutan).
Quantum Chemistry and Computing for the Curious: Illustrated with Python and Qiskit® code
by Keeper L. Sharkey Alain Chance Alex KhanAcquire knowledge of quantum chemistry concepts, the postulates of quantum mechanics, and the foundations of quantum computing, and execute illustrations made with Python code, Qiskit, and open-source quantum chemistry packagesKey FeaturesBe at the forefront of a quest for increased accuracy in chemistry applications and computingGet familiar with some open source quantum chemistry packages to run your own experimentsDevelop awareness of computational chemistry problems by using postulates of quantum mechanicsBook DescriptionExplore quantum chemical concepts and the postulates of quantum mechanics in a modern fashion, with the intent to see how chemistry and computing intertwine. Along the way you'll relate these concepts to quantum information theory and computation. We build a framework of computational tools that lead you through traditional computational methods and straight to the forefront of exciting opportunities. These opportunities will rely on achieving next-generation accuracy by going further than the standard approximations such as beyond Born-Oppenheimer calculations.Discover how leveraging quantum chemistry and computing is a key enabler for overcoming major challenges in the broader chemical industry. The skills that you will learn can be utilized to solve new-age business needs that specifically hinge on quantum chemistryWhat you will learnUnderstand mathematical properties of the building blocks of matterRun through the principles of quantum mechanics with illustrationsDesign quantum gate circuit computationsProgram in open-source chemistry software packages such as Qiskit®Execute state-of-the-art-chemistry calculations and simulationsRun companion Jupyter notebooks on the cloud with just a web browserExplain standard approximations in chemical simulationsWho this book is forProfessionals interested in chemistry and computer science at the early stages of learning, or interested in a career of quantum computational chemistry and quantum computing, including advanced high school and college students. Helpful to have high school level chemistry, mathematics (algebra), and programming. An introductory level of understanding Python is sufficient to read the code presented to illustrate quantum chemistry and computing
Quantum Computation and Logic: How Quantum Computers Have Inspired Logical Investigations (Trends in Logic #48)
by Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara Roberto Giuntini Roberto Leporini Giuseppe SergioliThis book provides a general survey of the main concepts, questions and results that have been developed in the recent interactions between quantum information, quantum computation and logic. Divided into 10 chapters, the books starts with an introduction of the main concepts of the quantum-theoretic formalism used in quantum information. It then gives a synthetic presentation of the main “mathematical characters” of the quantum computational game: qubits, quregisters, mixtures of quregisters, quantum logical gates. Next, the book investigates the puzzling entanglement-phenomena and logically analyses the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox and introduces the reader to quantum computational logics, and new forms of quantum logic. The middle chapters investigate the possibility of a quantum computational semantics for a language that can express sentences like “Alice knows that everybody knows that she is pretty”, explore the mathematical concept of quantum Turing machine, and illustrate some characteristic examples that arise in the framework of musical languages. The book concludes with an analysis of recent discussions, and contains a Mathematical Appendix which is a survey of the definitions of all main mathematical concepts used in the book.
Quantum Computation and Quantum Information
by Michael A. Nielsen Isaac L. ChuangIn this first comprehensive introduction to the main ideas and techniques of quantum computation and information, Michael Nielsen and Isaac Chuang ask the question: What are the ultimate physical limits to computation and communication? They detail such remarkable effects as fast quantum algorithms, quantum teleportation, quantum cryptography and quantum error correction. A wealth of accompanying figures and exercises illustrate and develop the material in more depth. They describe what a quantum computer is, how it can be used to solve problems faster than familiar "classical" computers, and the real-world implementation of quantum computers. Their book concludes with an explanation of how quantum states can be used to perform remarkable feats of communication, and of how it is possible to protect quantum states against the effects of noise.
Quantum Computation with Topological Codes
by Keisuke FujiiThis book presents a self-consistent review of quantum computation with topological quantum codes. The book covers everything required to understand topological fault-tolerant quantum computation, ranging from the definition of the surface code to topological quantum error correction and topological fault-tolerant operations. The underlying basic concepts and powerful tools, such as universal quantum computation, quantum algorithms, stabilizer formalism, and measurement-based quantum computation, are also introduced in a self-consistent way. The interdisciplinary fields between quantum information and other fields of physics such as condensed matter physics and statistical physics are also explored in terms of the topological quantum codes. This book thus provides the first comprehensive description of the whole picture of topological quantum codes and quantum computation with them.
Quantum Computational Number Theory
by Song Y. YanThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to advanced topics in the computational and algorithmic aspects of number theory, focusing on applications in cryptography. Readers will learn to develop fast algorithms, including quantum algorithms, to solve various classic and modern number theoretic problems. Key problems include prime number generation, primality testing, integer factorization, discrete logarithms, elliptic curve arithmetic, conjecture and numerical verification. The author discusses quantum algorithms for solving the Integer Factorization Problem (IFP), the Discrete Logarithm Problem (DLP), and the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP) and for attacking IFP, DLP and ECDLP based cryptographic systems. Chapters also cover various other quantum algorithms for Pell's equation, principal ideal, unit group, class group, Gauss sums, prime counting function, Riemann's hypothesis and the BSD conjecture. Quantum Computational Number Theory is self-contained and intended to be used either as a graduate text in computing, communications and mathematics, or as a basic reference in the related fields. Number theorists, cryptographers and professionals working in quantum computing, cryptography and network security will find this book a valuable asset.
Quantum Computing: From Linear Algebra to Physical Realizations
by null Mikio Nakahara null Tetsuo OhmiCovering both theory and progressive experiments, Quantum Computing: From Linear Algebra to Physical Realizations explains how and why superposition and entanglement provide the enormous computational power in quantum computing. This self-contained, classroom-tested book is divided into two sections, with the first devoted to the theoretical aspect
Quantum Computing: Applications and Challenges (Information Systems Engineering and Management #2)
by Farouk Yalaoui Habiba DriasThis book is intended for academics, researchers, Ph.D. students, and industrials to learn about quantum computing and prepare them to understand the future with its cutting-edge tools. Quantum computing holds great promise in terms of human life quality especially when combined with artificial intelligence. In addition to quantum computing, the book focuses on quantum artificial intelligence, quantum machine and deep learning, quantum cryptography, and quantum logistics optimization. Applications in weather forecasting, digital soil mapping, skin lesion classification, combinatorial optimization, and urgent transportation, among others, are presented.
Quantum Computing by Practice: Python Programming in the Cloud with Qiskit and IBM-Q
by Vladimir SilvaLearn to write algorithms and program in the new field of quantum computing. This second edition is updated to equip you with the latest knowledge and tools needed to be a complex problem-solver in this ever-evolving landscape. The book has expanded its coverage of current and future advancements and investments by IT companies in this emerging technology. Most chapters are thoroughly revised to incorporate the latest updates to IBM Quantum's systems and offerings, such as improved algorithms, integrating hardware advancements, software enhancements, bug fixes, and more. You’ll examine quantum computing in the cloud and run experiments there on a real quantum device. Along the way you’ll cover game theory with the Magic Square, an example of quantum pseudo-telepathy. You’ll also learn to write code using QISKit, Python SDK, and other APIs such as QASM and execute it against simulators (local or remote) or a real quantum computer. Then peek inside the inner workings of the Bell states for entanglement, Grover’s algorithm for linear search, Shor’s algorithm for integer factorization, and other algorithms in the fields of optimization, and more. Finally, you’ll learn the current quantum algorithms for entanglement, random number generation, linear search, integer factorization, and others. By the end of this book, you’ll understand how quantum computing provides massive parallelism and significant computational speedups over classical computersWhat You'll LearnWrite algorithms that provide superior performance over their classical counterpartsCreate a quantum number generator: the quintessential coin flip with a quantum twistExamine the quantum algorithms in use today for random number generation, linear search, and moreDiscover quantum teleportationHandle the counterfeit coin problem, a classic puzzle Put your knowledge to the test with more than 150 practice exercises Who This Book Is ForDevelopers, programmers, computer science researchers, teachers, and students.