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Rough Multiple Objective Decision Making
by null Jiuping Xu null Zhimiao TaoUnder intense scrutiny for the last few decades, Multiple Objective Decision Making (MODM) has been useful for dealing with the multiple-criteria decisions and planning problems associated with many important applications in fields including management science, engineering design, and transportation. Rough set theory has also proved to be an effect
Rough Sets
by Víctor Flores Fernando Gomide Andrzej Janusz Claudio Meneses Duoqian Miao Georg Peters Dominik Ślęzak Guoyin Wang Richard Weber Yiyu YaoVolume XII of the Transactions on Rough Sets (TRS) includes articles that are part of a special issue on Rough Set Structuring of Knowledge. These articles are extended versions of papers accepted for presentation at the Rough Set and Knowledge Technology Conference (RSKT 2008) organized in Chengdu, China, in May 2008. In fact, this conference did not take place because of the earthquake that dramatically hit the Chengdu province just before the event. The editors selected some papers accepted for RSKT 2008 and invited their authors to submit extended versions to this issue. The 11 submissions received after this invitation were sent to reviewers and, ?nally, 8 papers were accepted for publication in the special issue. The editors of the special issue are particularly grateful to all the authors of submitted papers, and to the editors of Transactions on Rough Sets, JamesF. Peters and Andrzej Skowron, who provided friendly and valuable assistance in the reviewing process. Special thanks are due to the following reviewers: Mohua Banerjee, Anna Gomolinsk a, Ryszard Janicki, Julia Johnson, Maneesh Joshi, Jusheng Mi, Sonajharia Minz, Sushmita Mitra, Tuan Trung Nguyen, Georg Pe- ters, Andrzej Skowron, Genlou Sun, Marcin Szczuka, Dominik Sl, ezak, Guoyin Wang, Hai Wang, Marcin Wolski, Haiyi Zhang, Yan Zhao, William Zhu. Their laudable e?orts made possible a careful selection and revision of submitted manuscripts. "
Rough Sets: International Joint Conference, IJCRS 2024, Halifax, NS, Canada, May 17–20, 2024, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14840)
by Pawan Lingras Dominik Ślęzak Yan Zhang Chris Cornelis JingTao Yao Mengjun HuThis two-volume set LNAI 14839-14840 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Rough Sets, IJCRS 2024, held in Halifax, NS, Canada, during May 17–20, 2024. The 43 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 56 submissions. They are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Rough Set Models and Foundations; Rule Induction and Machine Learning; Granular Computing; and Rough Set Applications. part II: Three-Way Decision and Rough Sets; Three-Way Decision in Data Analytics; Three-Way Decision in Broad Senses; Rental Market Data Mining; and Applications of Deep Learning and Soft Computing.
Rough Sets: International Joint Conference, IJCRS 2024, Halifax, NS, Canada, May 17–20, 2024, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14839)
by Pawan Lingras Dominik Ślęzak Yan Zhang Chris Cornelis JingTao Yao Mengjun HuThis two-volume set LNAI 14839-14840 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Rough Sets, IJCRS 2024, held in Halifax, NS, Canada, during May 17–20, 2024. The 43 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 56 submissions. They are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Rough Set Models and Foundations; Rule Induction and Machine Learning; Granular Computing; and Rough Set Applications. Part II: Three-Way Decision and Rough Sets; Three-Way Decision in Data Analytics; Three-Way Decision in Broad Senses; Rental Market Data Mining; and Applications of Deep Learning and Soft Computing.
Rough Sets: International Joint Conference, IJCRS 2018, Quy Nhon, Vietnam, August 20-24, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11103)
by Hung Son Nguyen Quang-Thuy Ha Tianrui Li Małgorzata Przybyła-KasperekThis LNAI 1103 constitutes the proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Rough Sets, IJCRS 2018, held in Quy Nhon, Vietnam, in August 2018.The 40 full papers presented together with 5 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The IJCRS conferences aim at bringing together experts from universities and research centers as well as the industry representing fields of research in which theoretical and applicational aspects of rough set theory already find or may potentially find usage.
Rough Sets
by Lech Polkowski Yiyu Yao Piotr Artiemjew Davide Ciucci Dun Liu Dominik Ślęzak Beata ZieloskoDecision trees and decision rule systems are widely used in different applications as algorithms for problem solving, as predictors, and as a way for knowledge representation. Reducts play key role in the problem of attribute (feature) selection. The aims of this book are (i) the consideration of the sets of decision trees, rules and reducts; (ii) study of relationships among these objects; (iii) design of algorithms for construction of trees, rules and reducts; and (iv) obtaining bounds on their complexity. Applications for supervised machine learning, discrete optimization, analysis of acyclic programs, fault diagnosis, and pattern recognition are considered also. This is a mixture of research monograph and lecture notes. It contains many unpublished results. However, proofs are carefully selected to be understandable for students. The results considered in this book can be useful for researchers in machine learning, data mining and knowledge discovery, especially for those who are working in rough set theory, test theory and logical analysis of data. The book can be used in the creation of courses for graduate students.
Rough Sets: International Joint Conference, IJCRS 2017, Olsztyn, Poland, July 3–7, 2017, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10313)
by Beata Zielosko Dominik Ślęzak Dun Liu Davide Ciucci Piotr Artiemjew Yiyu Yao Lech PolkowskiDecision trees and decision rule systems are widely used in different applications as algorithms for problem solving, as predictors, and as a way for knowledge representation. Reducts play key role in the problem of attribute (feature) selection. The aims of this book are (i) the consideration of the sets of decision trees, rules and reducts; (ii) study of relationships among these objects; (iii) design of algorithms for construction of trees, rules and reducts; and (iv) obtaining bounds on their complexity. Applications for supervised machine learning, discrete optimization, analysis of acyclic programs, fault diagnosis, and pattern recognition are considered also. This is a mixture of research monograph and lecture notes. It contains many unpublished results. However, proofs are carefully selected to be understandable for students. The results considered in this book can be useful for researchers in machine learning, data mining and knowledge discovery, especially for those who are working in rough set theory, test theory and logical analysis of data. The book can be used in the creation of courses for graduate students.
Round Up: A Texas Counting Book
by Carol CraneVarious objects, animals, and people associated with the state of Texas are presented in short rhymes, with added commentary, and used to illustrate counting, multiplying, and adding.
Routing Algorithms in Networks-on-Chip
by Maurizio Palesi Masoud DaneshtalabThis book provides a single-source reference to routing algorithms for Networks-on-Chip (NoCs), as well as in-depth discussions of advanced solutions applied to current and next generation, many core NoC-based Systems-on-Chip (SoCs). After a basic introduction to the NoC design paradigm and architectures, routing algorithms for NoC architectures are presented and discussed at all abstraction levels, from the algorithmic level to actual implementation Coverage emphasizes the role played by the routing algorithm and is organized around key problems affecting current and next generation, many-core SoCs. A selection of routing algorithms is included, specifically designed to address key issues faced by designers in the ultra-deep sub-micron (UDSM) era, including performance improvement, power, energy, and thermal issues, fault tolerance and reliability.
The Routledge Handbook of African Demography
by Clifford O. Odimegwu Yemi AdewoyinThis handbook provides an authoritative and comprehensive overview of African population dynamics, variations, causes and consequences, demonstrating the real-world applications of research in policies and programmes.African demography has come of age. Over 50 years, the discipline has grown exponentially in the number of training and research institutions, specialist experts and academic output, all with an aim of addressing the enormous demographic challenges faced by the continent. The book draws on old and emerging analytical tools to explore the relationships between population dynamics and social, economic, cultural and political environments from African perspectives. Key topics include fertility, sexual behaviours, healthcare, ageing, mortality, migration, displacement, the causes and consequences of demographic changes and teaching and research developments in African demography.The Routledge Handbook of African Demography will be an essential resource for students and researchers of African demography, sociology, development and cultural studies.
Routledge Handbook of Asian Demography
by Zhongwei Zhao Adrian C. HayesHome to close to 60 per cent of the world’s population, Asia is the largest and by far the most populous continent. It is also extremely diverse, physically and culturally. Asian countries and regions have their own distinctive histories, cultural traditions, religious beliefs and political systems, and they have often pursued different routes to development. Asian populations also present a striking array of demographic characteristics and stages of demographic transition. This handbook is the first to provide a comprehensive study of population change across the whole of Asia. Comprising 28 chapters by more than 40 international experts this handbook examines demographic transitions on the continent, their considerable variations, their causes and consequences, and their relationships with a wide range of social, economic, political and cultural processes. Major topics covered include: population studies and sources of demographic data; historical demography; family planning and fertility decline; sex preferences; mortality changes; causes of death; HIV/AIDS; population distribution and migration; urbanization; marriage and family; human capital and labour force; population ageing; demographic dividends; political demography; population and environment; and Asia’s demographic future. This handbook provides an authoritative and comprehensive reference for researchers, policymakers, academics, students and anyone who is interested in population change in Asia and the world.
Routledge Handbook of Family Law and Policy
by John Eekelaar Rob GeorgeChanges in family structures, demographics, social attitudes and economic policies over the last sixty years have had a large impact on family lives and correspondingly on family law. This book provides global perspectives on the policy challenges facing family law and policy round the world. The chapters apply legal, sociological, demographic and social work research to explore the most significant issues that have been commanding the attention of family law policy-makers in recent years. Featuring contributions from a range of renowned global experts, the book draws on multiple jurisdictions and offers comparative analysis across a range of countries. The book addresses a range of issues including: the role of the state in supporting families and protecting the vulnerable children’s rights and parental authority sexual orientation and gender in family law the status of marriage and other forms of adult relationships divorce and separation and their consequences the relationship between civil law and the law of minority groups assisted conception movement of family members between jurisdictions This advanced level reference work will be essential reading for students, researchers and scholars of family law and social policy as well as policy makers in the field.
Routledge Handbook of Family Law and Policy, 2nd edition
by John Eekelaar Rob GeorgeChanges in family structures, demographics, social attitudes and economic policies over the last sixty years have had a large impact on family lives and correspondingly on family law. The second edition of this Handbook draws upon recent developments to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date global perspective on the policy challenges facing family law and policy round the world.The chapters apply legal, sociological, demographic and social work research to explore the most significant issues that have been commanding the attention of family law policy-makers in recent years. Featuring contributions from a range of renowned global experts, the book draws on multiple jurisdictions and offers comparative analysis across a range of countries. The book addresses a range of issues including the role of the state in supporting families and protecting the vulnerable, children’s rights and parental authority, sexual orientation, same-sex unions and gender in family law, the status of marriage and other forms of adult relationships. It also focuses on divorce and separation and their consequences, the relationship between civil law and the law of minority groups, refugees, migrants and movement of family members between jurisdictions along with assisted conception, surrogacy and adoption. This advanced level reference work will be essential reading for students, researchers and scholars of family law and social policy as well as policy makers in the field.
The Routledge Handbook of the Economics of Ageing (Routledge International Handbooks)
by David E. Bloom Alfonso Sousa-Poza Uwe SundeAgeing populations pose some of the foremost global challenges of this century. Drawing on an international pool of scholars, this cutting-edge Handbook surveys the micro, macro and institutional aspects of the economics of ageing. Structured in seven parts, the volume addresses a broad range of themes, including health economics, labour economics, pensions and social security, generational accounting, wealth inequality and regional perspectives. Each chapter combines a succinct overview of the state of current research with a sketch of a promising future research agenda. This Handbook will be an essential resource for advanced students, researchers and policymakers looking at the economics of ageing across the disciplines of economics, demography, public policy, public health and beyond.
Routledge International Handbook of Migration Studies: 2nd edition (Routledge International Handbooks)
by Steven J. Gold Stephanie J. NawynThis revised and expanded second edition of Routledge International Handbook of Migration Studies provides a comprehensive basis for understanding the complexity and patterns of international migration. Despite increased efforts to limit its size and consequences, migration has wide-ranging impacts upon social, environmental, economic, political and cultural life in countries of origin and settlement. Such transformations impact not only those who are migrating, but those who are left behind, as well as those who live in the areas where migrants settle. Featuring forty-six essays written by leading international and multidisciplinary scholars, this new edition showcases evolving research and theorizing around refugees and forced migrants, new migration paths through Central Asia and the Middle East, the condition of statelessness and South to South migration. New chapters also address immigrant labor and entrepreneurship, skilled migration, ethnic succession, contract labor and informal economies. Uniquely among texts in the subject area, the Handbook provides a six-chapter compendium of methodologies for studying international migration and its impacts. Written in a clear and direct style, this Handbook offers a contemporary integrated resource for students and scholars from the perspectives of social science, humanities, journalism and other disciplines.
Routledge Revivals: Linguistic Minorities Project (Routledge Revivals: Language, Education and Society Series #2)
by Xavier Couillaud Marilyn Martin-Jones Anna Morawska Euan Reid Verity Saifullah Khan Greg SmithThe ‘other’ languages of England — those which originate in South and East Asia, and Southern and Eastern Europe — are now important parts of everyday life in urban England. First published in 1985, this book gives detailed information about which languages are in widespread use among children and adults, patterns of language use in different social contexts, the teaching of these community languages inside and outside of mainstream schools, and the educational implications of this linguistic diversity for all children in England. They authors argue that this continued and widespread bilingualism is a valuable potential resource for both the speakers and society as a whole.
Routledge Revivals: Science as a Questioning Process (Routledge Revivals)
by Nigel SanittFirst published in 1996, Science as a Questioning Process evaluates scientific theories through from Darwinian evolution to relativity, and from quantum theory to cosmology. It offers an examination of these theories, in terms of a compromise between resolvable empirical questions, and theoretical questions left unresolved. The book asks questions that deal with both intellectual and public concern about what science tells us, and how reliable it is. Through this novel perspective, the book examines science in the context of everyday culture and the role it plays in everyday life. This book will be of interest to anyone working in the fields of philosophy, sociology and science.
A Royal Road to Algebraic Geometry
by Audun HolmeThis book is about modern algebraic geometry. The title A Royal Road to Algebraic Geometry is inspired by the famous anecdote about the king asking Euclid if there really existed no simpler way for learning geometry, than to read all of his work Elements. Euclid is said to have answered: "There is no royal road to geometry!" The book starts by explaining this enigmatic answer, the aim of the book being to argue that indeed, in some sense there is a royal road to algebraic geometry. From a point of departure in algebraic curves, the exposition moves on to the present shape of the field, culminating with Alexander Grothendieck's theory of schemes. Contemporary homological tools are explained. The reader will follow a directed path leading up to the main elements of modern algebraic geometry. When the road is completed, the reader is empowered to start navigating in this immense field, and to open up the door to a wonderful field of research. The greatest scientific experience of a lifetime!
RSA and Public-Key Cryptography
by null Richard A. MollinAlthough much literature exists on the subject of RSA and public-key cryptography, until now there has been no single source that reveals recent developments in the area at an accessible level. Acclaimed author Richard A. Mollin brings together all of the relevant information available on public-key cryptography (PKC), from RSA to the latest applic
RStudio for R Statistical Computing Cookbook
by Andrea CirilloOver 50 practical and useful recipes to help you perform data analysis with R by unleashing every native RStudio feature About This Book * 54 useful and practical tasks to improve working systems * Includes optimizing performance and reliability or uptime, reporting, system management tools, interfacing to standard data ports, and so on * Offers 10-15 real-life, practical improvements for each user type Who This Book Is For This book is targeted at R statisticians, data scientists, and R programmers. Readers with R experience who are looking to take the plunge into statistical computing will find this Cookbook particularly indispensable. What You Will Learn * Familiarize yourself with the latest advanced R console features * Create advanced and interactive graphics * Manage your R project and project files effectively * Perform reproducible statistical analyses in your R projects * Use RStudio to design predictive models for a specific domain-based application * Use RStudio to effectively communicate your analyses results and even publish them to a blog * Put yourself on the frontiers of data science and data monetization in R with all the tools that are needed to effectively communicate your results and even transform your work into a data product In Detail The requirement of handling complex datasets, performing unprecedented statistical analysis, and providing real-time visualizations to businesses has concerned statisticians and analysts across the globe. RStudio is a useful and powerful tool for statistical analysis that harnesses the power of R for computational statistics, visualization, and data science, in an integrated development environment. This book is a collection of recipes that will help you learn and understand RStudio features so that you can effectively perform statistical analysis and reporting, code editing, and R development. The first few chapters will teach you how to set up your own data analysis project in RStudio, acquire data from different data sources, and manipulate and clean data for analysis and visualization purposes. You'll get hands-on with various data visualization methods using ggplot2, and you will create interactive and multidimensional visualizations with D3.js. Additional recipes will help you optimize your code; implement various statistical models to manage large datasets; perform text analysis and predictive analysis; and master time series analysis, machine learning, forecasting; and so on. In the final few chapters, you'll learn how to create reports from your analytical application with the full range of static and dynamic reporting tools that are available in RStudio so that you can effectively communicate results and even transform them into interactive web applications. Style and approach RStudio is an open source Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for the R platform. The R programming language is used for statistical computing and graphics, which RStudio facilitates and enhances through its integrated environment. This Cookbook will help you learn to write better R code using the advanced features of the R programming language using RStudio. Readers will learn advanced R techniques to compute the language and control object evaluation within R functions. Some of the contents are: * Accessing an API with R * Substituting missing values by interpolation * Performing data filtering activities * R Statistical implementation for Geospatial data * Developing shiny add-ins to expand RStudio functionalities * Using GitHub with RStudio * Modelling a recommendation engine with R * Using R Markdown for static and dynamic reporting * Curating a blog through RStudio * Advanced statistical modelling with R and RStudio
RtI in Math: Evidence-Based Interventions
by Linda Forbringer Wendy WeberLearn how to help K–8 students who struggle in math. Now in its second edition, this book provides a variety of clear, practical strategies that can be implemented right away to boost student achievement. Discover how to design lessons that work with struggling learners, implement math intervention recommendations from the Institute of Education Sciences Practice Guides, the National Center on Intensive Intervention, and CEC, use praise and self-motivation more effectively, develop number sense and computational fluency, teach whole numbers and fractions, increase students’ problem-solving abilities, and more! This edition features an all-new overview of effective instructional practices to support academic engagement and success, ideas for intensifying instruction within tiered interventions, and a detailed set of recommendations aligned to both CCSSM and CEC/CEEDAR’s High-Leverage Practices to help support students struggling to meet grade-level expectations. Extensive, current examples are provided for each strategy, as well as lesson plans, games, and resources.
RtI in Math: Evidence-Based Interventions for Struggling Students
by Wendy Fuchs Linda ForbringerLearn how to help K–8 students who struggle in math. This book provides a variety of clear, practical strategies that can be implemented right away to boost student achievement. You will find out how to design lessons that work with struggling learners, implement the recommendations for math intervention from the What Works Clearinghouse, use praise and self-motivation more effectively, develop number sense and computational fluency, teach whole numbers and fractions, increase students’ problem-solving abilities, and more! Extensive examples are provided for each strategy, as well as lesson plans, games, and resources.
Ruby Makes It Even!: Odd/even Numbers (Math Matters)
by Lisa HarkraderDiscover Math Matters! With over 15 million books sold worldwide, this award-winning series of easy-to-read books will help young readers ages 5–8 approach math with enthusiasm. Great for fans of MathStart or Step into Reading Math. Ruby and her two best friends are excited about going to the amusement park. That is, until they discover that the rides they want to go on have seats for two, not three. Someone will have to ride alone—or will they?With engaging stories that connect math to kids&’ everyday lives, each book in the Teachers&’ Choice Award–winning Math Matters series focuses on a single concept and reinforces math vocabulary and skills. Bonus activities in the back of each book feature math and reading comprehension questions, and even more free activities online add to the fun! (Math topic: Odd/Even Numbers)
Ruggiero Boscovich’s Theory of Natural Philosophy: Points, Distances, Determinations (Science Networks. Historical Studies #60)
by Luca GuzzardiDrawing on published works, correspondence and manuscripts, this book offers the most comprehensive reconstruction of Boscovich’s theory within its historical context. It explains the genesis and theoretical as well as epistemological underpinnings in light of the Jesuit tradition to which Boscovich belonged, and contrasts his ideas with those of Newton, Leibniz, and their legacy. Finally, it debates crucial issues in early-modern physical science such as the concept of force, the particle-like structure of matter, the idea of material points and the notion of continuity, and shares novel insights on Boscovich’s alleged influence on later developments in physics. With its attempt to reduce all natural forces to one single law, Boscovich’s Theory of Natural Philosophy, published in 1758, left a lasting impression on scientists and philosophers of every age regarding the fundamental unity of physical phenomena. The theory argues that every pair of material points is subject to one mutual force — and always the same force — which is their propensity to be mutually attracted or repelled, depending on their distance from one another. Furthermore, the action of this unique force is visualized through a famous diagram that fascinated generations of scientists. But his understanding of key terms of the theory — such as the notion of force involved and the very idea of a material point — is only ostensibly similar to our current conceptual framework. Indeed, it needs to be clarified within the plurality of contexts in which it has emerged rather than being considered in view of later developments.The book is recommended for scholars and students interested in the ideas of the early modern period, especially historians and philosophers of science, mathematicians and physicists with an interest in the history of the discipline, and experts on Jesuit science and philosophy.
Rule of Three, Percentages and Interest: Handling Formulas Made Easy (essentials)
by Thomas RießingerIn this essential, Thomas Rießinger explains the rules of percentage and interest calculation using many examples. The basic terms of interest and percentage calculation and the corresponding formulas are repeated so that they are easy to apply in everyday life. The author applies the percentage calculation to interest rate problems and introduces different types of three-sentence calculation.This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Dreisatz, Prozente und Zinsen by Thomas Rießinger, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2016. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.