- Table View
- List View
Shared Beginnings, Divergent Lives: Delinquent Boys to Age 70
by John H. Laub Robert J. SampsonThis book analyzes newly collected data on crime and social development up to age 70 for 500 men who were remanded to reform school in the 1940s. Born in Boston in the late 1920s and early 1930s, these men were the subjects of the classic study Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency by Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck (1950). Updating their lives at the close of the twentieth century, and connecting their adult experiences to childhood, this book is arguably the longest longitudinal study of age, crime, and the life course to date. John Laub and Robert Sampson's long-term data, combined with in-depth interviews, defy the conventional wisdom that links individual traits such as poor verbal skills, limited self-control, and difficult temperament to long-term trajectories of offending. The authors reject the idea of categorizing offenders to reveal etiologies of offending--rather, they connect variability in behavior to social context. They find that men who desisted from crime were rooted in structural routines and had strong social ties to family and community. By uniting life-history narratives with rigorous data analysis, the authors shed new light on long-term trajectories of crime and current policies of crime control.
Shared Physical Custody: Interdisciplinary Insights in Child Custody Arrangements (European Studies of Population #25)
by Laura Bernardi Dimitri MortelmansThis open access book provides an overview of the ever-growing phenomenon of children in shared physical custody thereby providing legal, psychological, family sociological and demographical insights. It describes how, despite the long evolution of broken families, only the last decade has seen a radical shift in custody arrangements for children in divorced families and the gender revolution in parenting which is taking place. The chapters have a national or cross-national perspective and address topics like prevalence and types of shared physical custody, legal frames regulating custody arrangements, stability and changes in arrangements across the life course of children, socio‐economic, psychological, social well-being of various family members involved in different custody arrangements. With the book being an interdisciplinary collaboration, it is interesting read for social scientists in demography, sociology, psychology, law and policy makers with an interest family studies and custody arrangements.
Sharing Economy and Big Data Analytics
by Soraya Sedkaoui Mounia KhelfaouiThe different facets of the sharing economy offer numerous opportunities for businesses ? particularly those that can be distinguished by their creative ideas and their ability to easily connect buyers and senders of goods and services via digital platforms. At the beginning of the growth of this economy, the advanced digital technologies generated billions of bytes of data that constitute what we call Big Data. This book underlines the facilitating role of Big Data analytics, explaining why and how data analysis algorithms can be integrated operationally, in order to extract value and to improve the practices of the sharing economy. It examines the reasons why these new techniques are necessary for businesses of this economy and proposes a series of useful applications that illustrate the use of data in the sharing ecosystem.
Sharkovsky Ordering (SpringerBriefs in Mathematics)
by Alexander M. Blokh Oleksandr M. SharkovskyThis book provides a comprehensive survey of the Sharkovsky ordering, its different aspects and its role in dynamical systems theory and applications. It addresses the coexistence of cycles for continuous interval maps and one-dimensional spaces, combinatorial dynamics on the interval and multidimensional dynamical systems. Also featured is a short chapter of personal remarks by O.M. Sharkovsky on the history of the Sharkovsky ordering, the discovery of which almost 60 years ago led to the inception of combinatorial dynamics. Now one of cornerstones of dynamics, bifurcation theory and chaos theory, the Sharkovsky ordering is an important tool for the investigation of dynamical processes in nature. Assuming only a basic mathematical background, the book will appeal to students, researchers and anyone who is interested in the subject.
Sharp Inequalities for Ordered Random Variables in Statistics and Reliability: Volume I: Standard Order Statistics (Frontiers in Probability and the Statistical Sciences)
by Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan Tomasz RychlikThe book discusses various inequalities and sharp bounds for the usual order statistics as well as some functions of them. In particular, deterministic bounds, bounds for the case of IID samples from general, symmetric and life distributions, IID samples from shape restricted family of distributions, and samples from finite populations are all discussed in detail. An elaborate numerical evaluation and comparison of various bounds are also presented in order to illustrate their inherent differences as well as their precision. Furthermore, their applications to inference, reliability theory and characterizations are also highlighted. The book provides an in-depth exposure to various mathematical inequalities and bounds established historically as well as in recent years and their applications to order statistics and some important functions of them. It thus presents an up-to-date discussion of all results in this important area of mathematical and statistical research. The results described here are general in nature and therefore could be useful in other areas of Probability and Statistics as well.
Sharpening Your Advanced SAS Skills
by Sunil GuptaSharpening Your Advanced SAS Skills presents sophisticated SAS programming techniques, procedures, and tools, such as Proc SQL, hash tables, and SAS Macro programming, for any industry. Drawing on his more than 20 years' experience of SAS programming in the pharmaceutical industry, the author provides a unique approach that empowers both advanced p
Sheaf Theory through Examples
by Daniel RosiakAn approachable introduction to elementary sheaf theory and its applications beyond pure math.Sheaves are mathematical constructions concerned with passages from local properties to global ones. They have played a fundamental role in the development of many areas of modern mathematics, yet the broad conceptual power of sheaf theory and its wide applicability to areas beyond pure math have only recently begun to be appreciated. Taking an applied category theory perspective, Sheaf Theory through Examples provides an approachable introduction to elementary sheaf theory and examines applications including n-colorings of graphs, satellite data, chess problems, Bayesian networks, self-similar groups, musical performance, complexes, and much more. With an emphasis on developing the theory via a wealth of well-motivated and vividly illustrated examples, Sheaf Theory through Examples supplements the formal development of concepts with philosophical reflections on topology, category theory, and sheaf theory, alongside a selection of advanced topics and examples that illustrate ideas like cellular sheaf cohomology, toposes, and geometric morphisms. Sheaf Theory through Examples seeks to bridge the powerful results of sheaf theory as used by mathematicians and real-world applications, while also supplementing the technical matters with a unique philosophical perspective attuned to the broader development of ideas.
Sheaves and functions modulo p: lectures on the Woods Hole trace formula
by Lenny TaelmanThe Woods Hole trace formula is a Lefschetz fixed-point theorem for coherent cohomology on algebraic varieties. It leads to a version of the sheaves-functions dictionary of Deligne, relating characteristic-p-valued functions on the rational points of varieties over finite fields to coherent modules equipped with a Frobenius structure. This book begins with a short introduction to the homological theory of crystals of Böckle and Pink with the aim of introducing the sheaves-functions dictionary as quickly as possible, illustrated with elementary examples and classical applications. Subsequently, the theory and results are expanded to include infinite coefficients, L-functions, and applications to special values of Goss L-functions and zeta functions. Based on lectures given at the Morningside Center in Beijing in 2013, this book serves as both an introduction to the Woods Hole trace formula and the sheaves-functions dictionary, and to some advanced applications on characteristic p zeta values.
Sheaves of Algebras over Boolean Spaces
by Arthur KnoebelThis unique monograph building bridges among a number of different areas of mathematics such as algebra, topology, and category theory. The author uses various tools to develop new applications of classical concepts. Detailed proofs are given for all major theorems, about half of which are completely new. Sheaves of Algebras over Boolean Spaces will take readers on a journey through sheaf theory, an important part of universal algebra. This excellent reference text is suitable for graduate students, researchers, and those who wish to learn about sheaves of algebras.
Sheep Won't Sleep: Counting by 2s, 5s, and 10s
by Judy CoxCounting sheep is supposed to help you sleep—but a room full of yaks, alpacas, and llamas would keep anyone awake in this counting book with a comical twist. Winner of the Mathical Book Prize! A glass of warm milk, reading, working on her knitting—nothing can help Clarissa get to sleep. When even counting sheep doesn't help her doze off, she tried pairs of alpacas instead. Two, four, six . . . then llamas by fives . . . then yaks by tens! But no one could sleep with a room full of bouncing, bleating, shedding animals. Determined to unravel her problem so she can get some sleep, Clarissa counts back down until she's all alone, and she can finally get some rest. Introducing addition and subtraction by ones, twos, fives, and tens, Sheep Won't Sleep is part bedtime story, part math practice— and the hilarious illustrations of spotted, striped, and plaid animals are sure to appeal to imaginative readers of all ages. A perfect-- and fun!-- way to introduce and reinforce counting in groups, this is sure to be a study- and bedtime favorite!
The Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Model
by Dmitry PanchenkoThe celebrated Parisi solution of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model for spin glasses is one of the most important achievements in the field of disordered systems. Over the last three decades, through the efforts of theoretical physicists and mathematicians, the essential aspects of the Parisi solution were clarified and proved mathematically. The core ideas of the theory that emerged are the subject of this book, including the recent solution of the Parisi ultrametricity conjecture and a conceptually simple proof of the Parisi formula for the free energy. The treatment is self-contained and should be accessible to graduate students with a background in probability theory, with no prior knowledge of spin glasses. The methods involved in the analysis of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model also serve as a good illustration of such classical topics in probability as the Gaussian interpolation and concentration of measure, Poisson processes, and representation results for exchangeable arrays.
Shifting the Earth
by Mazer ArthurDiscover how mathematics and science have propelled history From Ancient Greece to the Enlightenment and then on to modern times, Shifting the Earth: The Mathematical Quest to Understand the Motion of the Universe takes readers on a journey motivated by the desire to understand the universe and the motion of the heavens. The author presents a thought-provoking depiction of the sociopolitical environment in which some of the most prominent scientists in history lived and then provides a mathematical account of their contributions. From Eudoxus to Einstein, this fascinating book describes how, beginning in ancient times, pioneers in the sciences and mathematics have dramatically changed our vision of who we are as well as our place in the universe. Readers will discover how Ptolemy's geocentric model evolved into Kepler's heliocentric model, with Copernicus as the critical intermediary. The author explains how one scientific breakthrough set the stage for the next one, and he also places the scientists and their discoveries within the context of history, including: Archimedes, Apollonius, and the Punic Wars Ptolemy and the rise of Christianity Copernicus and the Renaissance Kepler and the Counter-Reformation Newton and the Enlightenment Einstein and the detonation of the atom bomb Each chapter presents the work of a single scientist or mathematician, building on the previous chapters to demonstrate the evolutionary process of discovery. Chapters begin with a narrative section and conclude with a mathematical presentation of one of the scientist's original works. Most of these mathematical presentations, including the section on Einstein's special relativity, are accessible using only basic mathematics; however, readers can skip the mathematical sections and still follow the evolution of science and mathematics. Shifting the Earth is an excellent book for anyone interested in the history of mathematics and how the quest to understand the motion of the heavens has influenced the broader history of humankind.
Shifts in the Field of Mathematics Education
by Peter Gates Robyn JorgensenProfessor Stephen Lerman has been a leader in the field of mathematics education for thirty years. His work is extensive, making many significant contributions to a number of key areas of research. Stephen retired from South Bank University in 2012, where he had worked for over 20 years, though he continues to work at Loughborough University. In this book several of his long standing colleagues and collaborators reflect on his contribution to mathematics education, and in so doing illustrate how some of Steve's ideas and interventions have resulted in significant shifts in the domain.
Shimura Varieties (London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series #457)
by Thomas Haines Michael HarrisThis is the second volume of a series of mainly expository articles on the arithmetic theory of automorphic forms. It forms a sequel to On the Stabilization of the Trace Formula published in 2011. The books are intended primarily for two groups of readers: those interested in the structure of automorphic forms on reductive groups over number fields, and specifically in qualitative information on multiplicities of automorphic representations; and those interested in the classification of I-adic representations of Galois groups of number fields. Langlands' conjectures elaborate on the notion that these two problems overlap considerably. These volumes present convincing evidence supporting this, clearly and succinctly enough that readers can pass with minimal effort between the two points of view. Over a decade's worth of progress toward the stabilization of the Arthur-Selberg trace formula, culminating in Ngo Bau Chau's proof of the Fundamental Lemma, makes this series timely.
Ship and Offshore Structure Design in Climate Change Perspective (SpringerBriefs in Climate Studies)
by Torfinn Hørte Lars Ingolf Eide Tor Svensen Elzbieta Maria Bitner-Gregersen Rolf SkjongThis book summarizes results of longstanding research and scientific contributions from many projects and relevant working groups. It collects and evaluates wind and wave climate projections under changing climate having design needs and marine safety in focus. Potential impact of projected climate change in met-ocean conditions on ships and offshore structures is discussed and illustrated by an example of the expected wave climate change on tanker design. The monograph is intended for students, researchers and industry based engineers who want a summary of the many studies that have been carried out on climate change effects on wind and waves and their importance for design and operations of ship and offshore structures. The reader needs only a moderate knowledge of marine wind and wave climate to follow the text.
A Shock-Fitting Primer (Chapman & Hall/CRC Applied Mathematics & Nonlinear Science)
by null Manuel D. SalasA defining feature of nonlinear hyperbolic equations is the occurrence of shock waves. While the popular shock-capturing methods are easy to implement, shock-fitting techniques provide the most accurate results. A Shock-Fitting Primer presents the proper numerical treatment of shock waves and other discontinuities. The book begins by recounting the events that lead to our understanding of the theory of shock waves and the early developments related to their computation. After presenting the main shock-fitting ideas in the context of a simple scalar equation, the author applies Colombeau’s theory of generalized functions to the Euler equations to demonstrate how the theory recovers well-known results and to provide an in-depth understanding of the nature of jump conditions. He then extends the shock-fitting concepts previously discussed to the one-dimensional and quasi-one-dimensional Euler equations as well as two-dimensional flows. The final chapter explores existing and future developments in shock-fitting methods within the framework of unstructured grid methods.Throughout the text, the techniques developed are illustrated with numerous examples of varying complexity. On the accompanying downloadable resources, MATLAB® codes serve as concrete examples of how to implement the ideas discussed in the book.
Shock Phenomena in Granular and Porous Materials (Shock Wave and High Pressure Phenomena)
by Tracy J. Vogler D. Anthony FredenburgGranular forms of common materials such as metals and ceramics, sands and soils, porous energetic materials (explosives, reactive mixtures), and foams exhibit interesting behaviors due to their heterogeneity and critical length scale, typically commensurate with the grain or pore size. Under extreme conditions of impact, granular and porous materials display highly localized phenomena such as fracture, inelastic deformation, and the closure of voids, which in turn strongly influence the bulk response. Due to the complex nature of these interactions and the short time scales involved, computational methods have proven to be powerful tools to investigate these phenomena. Thus, the coupled use of experiment, theory, and simulation is critical to advancing our understanding of shock processes in initially porous and granular materials. This is a comprehensive volume on granular and porous materials for researchers working in the area of shock and impact physics. The book is divided into three sections, where the first presents the fundamentals of shock physics as it pertains to the equation of state, compaction, and strength properties of porous materials. Building on these fundamentals, the next section examines several applications where dynamic processes involving initially porous materials are prevalent, focusing on the areas of penetration, planetary impact, and reactive munitions. The final section provides a look at emerging areas in the field, where the expansion of experimental and computational capabilities are opening the door for new opportunities in the areas of advanced light sources, molecular dynamics modeling, and additively manufactured porous structures. By intermixing experiment, theory, and simulation throughout, this book serves as an excellent, up-to-date desk reference for those in the field of shock compression science of porous and granular materials.
Shock Waves & Explosions (Monographs and Surveys in Pure and Applied Mathematics)
by null P.L. SachdevUnderstanding the causes and effects of explosions is important to experts in a broad range of disciplines, including the military, industrial and environmental research, aeronautic engineering, and applied mathematics. Offering an introductory review of historic research, Shock Waves and Explosions brings analytic and computational methods
Shohei Ohtani: The Amazing Story of Baseball's Two-Way Japanese Superstar
by Jay ParisRarely does anyone use the term “two-way” in regard to a baseball player. Yet the Los Angeles Angels’ Shohei Ohtani, at the young age of twenty-three, has become the epitome of the term, drawing comparisons to Babe Ruth by baseball pundits everywhere. After being drafted by the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters of the Japan Pacific League with the number-one pick in 2012, the eighteen-year-old Ohtani struggled with the bat during his rookie season. However, he had a breakout year in 2014, posting a 2.61 ERA in 24 starts and 179 strikeouts (as well as 10 home runs). By 2017, all thirty Major League Baseball teams had heard about the Japanese phenom and expressed interest in signing him. Ultimately, the Angels offered him the opportunity to compete as a two-way player and the chance to accomplish his professional goals. After a quiet spring training, Ohtani broke out in the first two weeks of the 2018 regular season, becoming just the 14th pitcher in major-league history to strike out 12 batters in one of his first two starts. He also homered in three consecutive games during that stretch. Shohei Ohtani: The Amazing Story of Baseball’s Two-Way Japanese Superstar tells the story of the player from rural Japan who became a two-way star not seen in America since Babe Ruth. With highlights of his best games on the mound and at bat from each month of his rookie season and anecdotes of his life in America, this is the one book that every fan will want.
Shopping Math (Math 24/7 #10)
by Helen ThompsonWhen you see a sign in your favorite store saying that everything is 30% off, can you do the math to figure out what that means? Are you good at keeping track of how much things cost--while remembering how much money you actually have in your wallet? What about sales tax? Do you remember to add that on to your total costs when you're deciding if you have enough money to buy a pair of jeans? Shopping Math can help you do all this and more!
A Short Account of the History of Mathematics (Dover Books on Mathematics)
by W. W. BallThis is a new printing, the first inexpensive one, of one of the most honored histories of mathematics of all time. When the last revised edition appeared in 1908, it was hailed by mathematicians and laymen alike, and it remains one of the clearest, most authoritative, and most accurate works in the field. Mathematicians welcomed it as a lucid overview of the development of mathematics down through the centuries. Laymen welcomed it as a work which gave them an opportunity to understand the development of one of the most recondite and difficult of all intellectual endeavors, and the individual contributions of its great men.In this standard work, Dr. Ball treats hundreds of figures and schools that have been instrumental in the development of mathematics from the Egyptians and Phoenicians to such giants of the 19th century as Grassman, Hermite, Galois, Lie, Riemann, and many others who established modern mathematics as we know it today. This semi-biographical approach gives you a real sense of mathematics as a living science, but where Dr. Ball has found that the biographical approach is not sufficient or suited to presenting a mathematical discovery or development, he does not hesitate to depart from his major scheme and treat the mathematics in detail by itself. Thus, while the book is virtually a pocket encyclopedia of the major figures of mathematics and their discoveries, it is also one of the best possible sources for material on such topics as the problems faced by Greek mathematicians, the contributions of the Arab mathematicians, the development of mathematical symbolism, and the invention of the calculus.While some background in mathematics is desirable to follow the reference in some of the later sections, most of the book can be read without any more preparation than high school algebra. As a history of mathematics to browse through, or as a convenient reference work, it has never been excelled.
A Short Book on Long Sums: Infinite Series for Calculus Students (Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics)
by Fernando GouvêaThis concise textbook introduces calculus students to power series through an informal and captivating narrative that avoids formal proofs but emphasizes understanding the fundamental ideas. Power series—and infinite series in general—are a fundamental tool of pure and applied mathematics. The problems focus on ideas, applications, and creative thinking instead of being repetitive and procedural. Calculus is about functions, so the book turns on two fundamental ideas: using polynomials to approximate a function and representing a function in terms of simpler functions. The derivative is reinterpreted in terms of linear approximations, which then leads to Taylor polynomials and the question of convergence. Enough of the theory of convergence is developed to allow a more complete understanding of power series and their applications. A final chapter looks at the distant horizon and discusses other kinds of series representations. SageMath, a free open-source mathematics software system, is used throughout to do computations, provide examples, and create many graphs. While most problems do not require SageMath, students are encouraged to use it where appropriate. An instructor’s guide with solutions to all the problems is available. The book is intended as a supplementary textbook for calculus courses; lecturers and instructors will find innovative and engaging ways to teach this topic. The informal and conversational tone make the book useful to any student seeking to understand this essential aspect of analysis.
A Short Course in Automorphic Functions (Dover Books on Mathematics)
by Joseph LehnerThis concise three-part treatment introduces undergraduate and graduate students to the theory of automorphic functions and discontinuous groups. Author Joseph Lehner begins by elaborating on the theory of discontinuous groups by the classical method of Poincaré, employing the model of the hyperbolic plane. The necessary hyperbolic geometry is developed in the text. Chapter two develops automorphic functions and forms via the Poincaré series. Formulas for divisors of a function and form are proved and their consequences analyzed. The final chapter is devoted to the connection between automorphic function theory and Riemann surface theory, concluding with some applications of Riemann-Roch theorem. <p> The book presupposes only the usual first courses in complex analysis, topology, and algebra. Exercises range from routine verifications to significant theorems. Notes at the end of each chapter describe further results and extensions, and a glossary offers definitions of terms.
A Short Course in Computational Geometry and Topology (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Herbert EdelsbrunnerThis monograph presents a short course in computational geometry and topology. In the first part the book covers Voronoi diagrams and Delaunay triangulations, then it presents the theory of alpha complexes which play a crucial role in biology. The central part of the book is the homology theory and their computation, including the theory of persistence which is indispensable for applications, e. g. shape reconstruction. The target audience comprises researchers and practitioners in mathematics, biology, neuroscience and computer science, but the book may also be beneficial to graduate students of these fields.
A Short Course in Differential Topology (Cambridge Mathematical Textbooks)
by Bjørn Ian DundasManifolds are abound in mathematics and physics, and increasingly in cybernetics and visualization where they often reflect properties of complex systems and their configurations. Differential topology gives us the tools to study these spaces and extract information about the underlying systems. This book offers a concise and modern introduction to the core topics of differential topology for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students. It covers the basics on smooth manifolds and their tangent spaces before moving on to regular values and transversality, smooth flows and differential equations on manifolds, and the theory of vector bundles and locally trivial fibrations. The final chapter gives examples of local-to-global properties, a short introduction to Morse theory and a proof of Ehresmann's fibration theorem. The treatment is hands-on, including many concrete examples and exercises woven into the text, with hints provided to guide the student.