- Table View
- List View
The Measure of Economies: Measuring Productivity in an Age of Technological Change
by Marshall B. Reinsdorf Louise SheinerInnovative new approaches for improving GDP measurement to better gauge economic productivity. Official measures of gross domestic product (GDP) indicate that productivity growth has declined in the United States over the last two decades. This has led to calls for policy changes from pro-business tax reform to stronger antitrust measures. But are our twentieth-century economic methods actually measuring our twenty-first-century productivity? The Measure of Economies offers a synthesis of the state of knowledge in productivity measurement at a time when many question the accuracy and scope of GDP. With chapters authored by leading economic experts on topics such as the digital economy, health care, and the environment, it highlights the inadequacies of current practices and discusses cutting-edge alternatives. Pragmatic and forward-facing, The Measure of Economies is an essential resource not only for social scientists, but also for policymakers and business leaders seeking to understand the complexities of economic growth in a time of rapidly evolving technology.
The Measurement and Analysis of Housing Preference and Choice
by Henny C.C.H. Coolen Sylvia J.T. Jansen Roland W. GoetgelukWhat are the current trends in housing? Is my planned project commercially viable? What should be my marketing and advertisement strategies? These are just some of the questions real estate agents, landlords and developers ask researchers to answer. But to find the answers, researchers are faced with a wide variety of methods that measure housing preferences and choices. To select and value a valid research method, one needs a well-structured overview of the methods that are used in housing preference and housing choice research. This comprehensive introduction to this field offers just such an overview. It discusses and compares numerous methods, detailing the potential limitation of each one, and it reaches beyond methodology, illustrating how thoughtful consideration of methods and techniques in research can help researchers and other professionals to deliver products and services that are more in line with residents' needs.
The Measurement of Association: A Permutation Statistical Approach
by Kenneth J. Berry Janis E. Johnston Paul W. Mielke<p>This research monograph utilizes exact and Monte Carlo permutation statistical methods to generate probability values and measures of effect size for a variety of measures of association. Association is broadly defined to include measures of correlation for two interval-level variables, measures of association for two nominal-level variables or two ordinal-level variables, and measures of agreement for two nominal-level or two ordinal-level variables. Additionally, measures of association for mixtures of the three levels of measurement are considered: nominal-ordinal, nominal-interval, and ordinal-interval measures. Numerous comparisons of permutation and classical statistical methods are presented. <p>Unlike classical statistical methods, permutation statistical methods do not rely on theoretical distributions, avoid the usual assumptions of normality and homogeneity of variance, and depend only on the data at hand. This book takes a unique approach to explaining statistics by integrating a large variety of statistical methods, and establishing the rigor of a topic that to many may seem to be a nascent field. This topic is relatively new in that it took modern computing power to make permutation methods available to those working in mainstream research. <p>Written for a statistically informed audience, it is particularly useful for teachers of statistics, practicing statisticians, applied statisticians, and quantitative graduate students in fields such as psychology, medical research, epidemiology, public health, and biology. It can also serve as a textbook in graduate courses in subjects like statistics, psychology, and biology.</p>
The Media-Savvy Middle School Classroom: Strategies for Teaching Against Disinformation
by Susan Brooks-YoungThe Media-Savvy Middle School Classroom is a practical guide for teachers of Grades 5-8 who want to help their students achieve mastery of media literacy skills. Today’s fake news, alternative facts, and digital manipulations are compromising the critical thinking and well-being of middle grade learners already going through significant personal changes. This actionable book prepares teachers to help their students become informed consumers of online resources. Spanning correct source use, personal versus expert opinions, deliberate disinformation, social media, and more, these ready-to-use activities can be integrated directly into existing language arts and mathematics lesson plans.
The Megacorp and Macrodynamics: Essays in Memory of Alfred Eichner
by William MilbergThese essays on Post-Keynesian economics were written expressly for a volume to honour the life and work of Alfred Eichner. The original countributions - that critically examine and extend ideas in Eichner's "The Macrodynamics of Advanced Market Economies" are organized in seven sections that correspond to areas of economics in which Eichner made a significant contribution. Part 1 deals with the megacorp, a theory of firm pricing and investment that was one of Eichner's most important contributions. Issues of productivity and technical change, that lie at the center of Eichner's macrodynamic model, are the focus of part 1 and parts 3 and 4 elaborate on Eichner's work on growth and money and yield insights into the theoretical disagreements among the Post-Keynesians themselves. Part 5 presents a number of examples of non-neo-classical model building. Part 6 opens with a critique of the "new economic history" that leads to other essays on thorny methodological issues confronting Post-Keynesians. Part 7 gives a European perspective on North American Post-Keynesian economics. The essays reveal the relationships between Eichner's work and Institutionalist and Marxian economics. At the same time, the book raises current theoretical conflicts among these groups as well as among Post-Keynesians themselves. This book compliments Alfred S.Eichner's "The Macrodynamics of Advanced Market Economies", also published in 1991, and is appropriate for scholars and upper-level undergraduates and graduate students.
The Mending of Broken Bones: A Modern Guide to Classical Algebra
by Paul LockhartA joyful and intimate celebration of the beauty and creativity of algebra from one of the foremost math educators of our time.For many of us, algebra conjures up memories of dull classes spent wondering when we’d ever have to solve a system of equations or factor a polynomial. Indeed, most of the time, if we need to plan a budget or figure out how early to leave the house for work, common sense or a quick, seat-of-the-pants approximation is good enough.But as mathematician Paul Lockhart argues in The Mending of Broken Bones, once we stop thinking of algebra in terms of its practical applications, we can appreciate it for the beautiful and gratifying subject that it is. In his hands, algebra is the delicate craft of untangling numerical puzzles to reveal the hidden patterns and often surprising behaviors of the numbers themselves. As Lockhart traverses numerical systems, slips into and out of higher-dimensional space, and delights in the intimate connections between algebra and geometry, we come to see the discipline from his viewpoint: not as the mundane exercises of our school years, but instead as an art form whose beauty lies in its elegant simplicity.Written in Lockhart’s charming and conversational prose, The Mending of Broken Bones is an impassioned and deeply personal celebration of algebra that helps us experience the profound joys of mathematical discovery.
The Method of Moments in Electromagnetics
by Walton C. GibsonThe Method of Moments in Electromagnetics, Third Edition details the numerical solution of electromagnetic integral equations via the Method of Moments (MoM). Previous editions focused on the solution of radiation and scattering problems involving conducting, dielectric, and composite objects. This new edition adds a significant amount of material on new, state-of-the art compressive techniques. Included are new chapters on the Adaptive Cross Approximation (ACA) and Multi-Level Adaptive Cross Approximation (MLACA), advanced algorithms that permit a direct solution of the MoM linear system via LU decomposition in compressed form. Significant attention is paid to parallel software implementation of these methods on traditional central processing units (CPUs) as well as new, high performance graphics processing units (GPUs). Existing material on the Fast Multipole Method (FMM) and Multi-Level Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA) is also updated, blending in elements of the ACA algorithm to further reduce their memory demands. The Method of Moments in Electromagnetics is intended for students, researchers, and industry experts working in the area of computational electromagnetics (CEM) and the MoM. Providing a bridge between theory and software implementation, the book incorporates significant background material, while presenting practical, nuts-and-bolts implementation details. It first derives a generalized set of surface integral equations used to treat electromagnetic radiation and scattering problems, for objects comprising conducting and dielectric regions. Subsequent chapters apply these integral equations for progressively more difficult problems such as thin wires, bodies of revolution, and two- and three-dimensional bodies. Radiation and scattering problems of many different types are considered, with numerical results compared against analytical theory as well as measurements.
The Method of Normal Forms
by Ali H. NayfehIn this introductory treatment Ali Nayfeh presents different concepts from dynamical systems theory and nonlinear dynamics in a rigorous yet plan way. He systematically introduces models and techniques and states the relevant ranges of validity and applicability. The reader is provided with a clear operational framework for consciously use rather than focused on the underlying mathematical apparatus. The exposition is largely by means of examples, dealt with up to their final outcome. For most of the examples, the results obtained with the method of normal forms are equivalent to those obtained with other perturbation methods, such as the method of multiple scales and the method of averaging. The previous edition had a remarkable success by researchers from all over the world working in the area of nonlinear dynamics and their applications in engineering. Additions to this new edition concern major topics of current interest. In particular, the author added three new chapters dedicated to Maps, Bifurcations of Continuous Systems, and Retarded Systems. In particular the latter has become of major importance in several applications, both in mechanics and in different areas. Accessible to engineers and applied scientist involved with nonlinear dynamics and their applications in a wide variety of fields. It is assumed that readers have a knowledge of basic calculus as well as the elementary properties of ordinary-differential equations.
The Method of Socratic Proofs: From the Logic of Questions to Proof Theory (Trends in Logic #64)
by Dorota Leszczyńska-JasionThis book contains a systematic and formal attempt to model solutions to problems such as: Is it possible to prove a question? Is it possible to prove something by the use of questions? Do the existing paradigms in the logic of questions allow one to combine questions and proofs? What are the results in this field? In developing answers, the book focuses on the applications of the method of Socratic proofs, and goes beyond that. It starts out with an overview of the leading paradigms, issues, problems and ready solutions in the logic of questions, and places Inferential Erotetic Logic and the method of Socratic proofs against a wider background. It then introduces these two methods in more detail and explains how they can be used for classical logic, intuitionistic propositional logic and for basic modal logics. Next, the book deals with issues specific to the field of the logic of questions, introducing the tools of Minimal Erotetic Semantics (MiES). The final chapters describe the translations between proof systems: from a Socratic transformation, derived in an erotetic calculus, into a sequent system.
The Method of Trigonometrical Sums in the Theory of Numbers (Dover Books on Mathematics)
by I. M. VinogradovSince the 1930s, the analytic theory of numbers has been transformed by the influence of I. M. Vinogradov, and this text for upper-level undergraduates and graduate students testifies to its author's ingenuity and to the effectiveness of his methods. Starting with a discussion of general lemmas, it advances to an investigation of Waring's problem, including explorations of singular series, the contribution of the basic intervals, and an estimate for G(n). Further topics include approximation by the fractional parts of the values of a polynomial, estimates for Weyl sums, the asymptotic formula in Waring's problem, the distribution of the fractional parts of the values of a polynomial, estimates for the simplest trigonometrical sums with primes, and Goldbach's problem. 1954 edition.
The Methodology of Economic Model Building: Methodology after Samuelson (Routledge Revivals)
by Lawrence A. BolandThe major methodological task for modern economists has been to establish the testability of models. Too often, however, methodological assumptions can make a model virtually impossible to test even under ideal conditions, yet few theorists have examined the requirements and problems of assuring testability in economics. In The Methodology of Economic Model Building, first published in 1989, Lawrence Boland presents the results of a research project that spanned more than twenty years. He examines how economists have applied the philosophy of Karl Popper, relating methodological debates about falsifiability to wider discussions about the truth status of models in natural and social sciences. He concludes that model building in economics reflects more the methodological prescriptions of the economist Paul Samuelson than Popper’s ‘falsificationism’. This title will prove invaluable to both students and researchers, and represents a substantial contribution to debates about the scientific status of economics.
The Methods of Distances in the Theory of Probability and Statistics
by Lev Klebanov Svetlozar T. Rachev Stoyan V. Stoyanov Frank FabozziThis book covers the method of metric distances and its application in probability theory and other fields. The method is fundamental in the study of limit theorems and generally in assessing the quality of approximations to a given probabilistic model. The method of metric distances is developed to study stability problems and reduces to the selection of an ideal or the most appropriate metric for the problem under consideration and a comparison of probability metrics. After describing the basic structure of probability metrics and providing an analysis of the topologies in the space of probability measures generated by different types of probability metrics, the authors study stability problems by providing a characterization of the ideal metrics for a given problem and investigating the main relationships between different types of probability metrics. The presentation is provided in a general form, although specific cases are considered as they arise in the process of finding supplementary bounds or in applications to important special cases. Svetlozar T. Rachev is the Frey Family Foundation Chair of Quantitative Finance, Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, SUNY-Stony Brook and Chief Scientist of Finanlytica, USA. Lev B. Klebanov is a Professor in the Department of Probability and Mathematical Statistics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. Stoyan V. Stoyanov is a Professor at EDHEC Business School and Head of Research, EDHEC-Risk Institute--Asia (Singapore). Frank J. Fabozzi is a Professor at EDHEC Business School. (USA)
The Metrics of Happiness: The Art and Science of Measuring Personal Happiness and Societal Wellbeing (Social Indicators Research Series #86)
by R. Allan FreezeThis book provides a comprehensive treatment of how happiness and wellbeing are measured. It presents an accessible summary of the philosophy, methodology, and applicability of the various measurement techniques that have been generated by the leaders of the happiness movement. It traces the history of development of the core ideas, and clarifies the unexpectedly wide range of techniques that are used. The book provides an unbiased assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and differentiates the contributions that have been made by psychologists, economists, environmentalists, and health scientists. It examines applications at a personal scale, in the workplace, at a societal scale, and on the world stage. It does so in an easy-to-read anecdotal writing style that will appeal to a wide range of academic and lay readers who enjoy popularized non-fiction that address matters of social concern.
The Millennial Generation: Implications for the Intelligence and Policy Communities
by Cortney Weinbaum Jenny Oberholtzer Richard S. GirvenIn 2015, for the first time, millennials outnumbered baby boomers as the largest generational segment of the U.S. population. This report describes how the intelligence community must engage millennials across multiple segments to succeed in the future: millennials as intelligence clients, employees, and partners and as members of the public.
The Millennial Mosaic: How Pluralism and Choice Are Shaping Canadian Youth and the Future of Canada
by Joel Thiessen Reginald W. Bibby Monetta BaileyThe bottom line: Millennials are looking good There’s a lot of consternation about the Millennial generation — Canada’s youngest adults born since the mid-1980s and now reaching their thirties. But the speculation has not been accompanied by sound and comprehensive information — until now. Highly respected sociologist and veteran trend-tracker Reginald W. Bibby teams up with two Gen X colleagues, Joel Thiessen and Monetta Bailey, to provide an up-to-date reading on how Millennials see the world — their values, joys, and concerns; their views of family, sexuality, spirituality, and other Canadians; and their hopes and expectations as they look to the future. What’s more, the authors compare Millennials with Gen Xers, Boomers, and Pre-Boomers. Their conclusion? Canada’s much-criticized Millennials may well be a solid upgrade on previous generations — speaking well for the country’s future.
The Mimetic Finite Difference Method for Elliptic Problems
by Lourenço Beirão Veiga Konstantin Lipnikov Gianmarco ManziniThis book describes the theoretical and computational aspects of the mimetic finite difference method for a wide class of multidimensional elliptic problems, which includes diffusion, advection-diffusion, Stokes, elasticity, magnetostatics and plate bending problems. The modern mimetic discretization technology developed in part by the Authors allows one to solve these equations on unstructured polygonal, polyhedral and generalized polyhedral meshes. The book provides a practical guide for those scientists and engineers that are interested in the computational properties of the mimetic finite difference method such as the accuracy, stability, robustness, and efficiency. Many examples are provided to help the reader to understand and implement this method. This monograph also provides the essential background material and describes basic mathematical tools required to develop further the mimetic discretization technology and to extend it to various applications.
The Mind of Everyday: Combining Individual and Artificial Intelligence
by Petraq Papajorgji Howard MoskowitzThe advent of artificial intelligence (AI) is associated with relevant changes in how we live today. AI has the potential to significantly enhance daily decision-making by providing tailored, data-dependent insights and aiding in intricate analysis. AI-based systems will be around us, helping and advising us in our everyday tasks. However, how well do these systems perform in their quest to "replace" the human brain? A "meter," a procedure for comparing the outcomes obtained by artificial intelligence systems with those obtained by human systems, is necessary to address this issue. This "meter" is Mind Genomics, a new emerging science that delves into the science of how we, as humans, organize and respond to information. To evaluate whether there are differences in the results obtained by AI-based systems and human-based experiments based on 'Outer Psychophysics' were designed and implemented. Thus, four experiments in crucial areas of our lives are selected and cover education, family stress, and environmental and governmental policies. For each area, a Mind Genomic experiment is designed, defining four topics (silos). Then, the elements contained in each of the silos were generated twice, once by humans and then by an AI-based system. Evaluating both systems' performance requires comparing the results obtained by both experiments. The analysis of the study cases is disciplined, rich in scientific tools, and presented with methods. Through a blend of theoretical exploration, case studies, and practical applications, this book aims to inspire readers with the potential of the fusion of Mind Genomics and AI to empower innovation, enhance user experiences, and bring forth a more nuanced understanding of human thought. Whether the reader is a student, a researcher in the field of social and political sciences, or simply curious about the evolving landscape of science and technology, we hope this book will serve as an invitation to explore how we can harmonize human and machine intelligence to better navigate the complex world around us.
The Mind of the Mathematician
by Michael Fitzgerald Ioan JamesWhat makes mathematicians tick? How do their minds process formulas and concepts that, for most of the rest of the world’s population, remain mysterious and beyond comprehension? Is there a connection between mathematical creativity and mental illness?In The Mind of the Mathematician, internationally famous mathematician Ioan James and accomplished psychiatrist Michael Fitzgerald look at the complex world of mathematics and the mind. Together they explore the behavior and personality traits that tend to fit the profile of a mathematician. They discuss mathematics and the arts, savants, gender and mathematical ability, and the impact of autism, personality disorders, and mood disorders. These topics, together with a succinct analysis of some of the great mathematical personalities of the past three centuries, combine to form an eclectic and fascinating blend of story and scientific inquiry.
The Mind of the Mathematician
by Michael Fitzgerald Ioan JamesAn intriguing look at the psychology and personality of mathematicians, with profiles of twenty prominent figures in the field. What makes mathematicians tick? How do their minds process formulas and concepts that, for most of the rest of the world&’s population, remain mysterious and beyond comprehension? Is there a connection between mathematical creativity and mental illness? In The Mind of the Mathematician, internationally famous mathematician Ioan James and accomplished psychiatrist Michael Fitzgerald look at the complex world of mathematics and the mind. Together they explore the behavior and personality traits that tend to fit the profile of a mathematician. They discuss mathematics and the arts, savants, gender and mathematical ability, and the impact of autism, personality disorders, and mood disorders. These topics, together with a succinct analysis of some of the great mathematical personalities of the past three centuries, combine to form an eclectic and fascinating blend of story and scientific inquiry. &“The authors&’ careful treatments are an especially welcome addition to a genre riddled with apocryphal anecdotes and shoddy scholarship.&” —Nature
The Minimum Core for Numeracy: Audit And Test (Achieving QTLS Series)
by Mark Patmore Sarah WoodhouseThis book supports trainee teachers in the Lifelong Learning Sector in the assessment of their numeracy knowledge. A self-audit section is included to help trainees understand their level of competence and confidence in numeracy and will help them identify any gaps in their knowledge and skills. This is followed by exercises and activities to support and enhance learning. The book covers all the content of the LLUK standards for the minimum core for numeracy. Coverage and assessment of the minimum core have to be embedded in all Certificate and Diploma courses leading to QTLS and ATLS status.
The Minimum Core for Numeracy: Knowledge, Understanding And Personal Skills (Achieving QTLS Series)
by Sheine PeartThe teacher training framework, introduced in September 2007, requires all teachers in the post-16 sector to possess knowledge, understanding and personal skills to at least level 2 in the minimum core for numeracy. Coverage and assessment of the core have to be embedded in all Certificate and Diploma courses leading to QTLS and ATLS status. This book is a practical guide to numeracy for trainee teachers in the Lifelong Learning sector. It enables trainee teachers to identify and develop their own numeracy skills and also to support their students′ numeracy.
The Miracle Code
by Yuri RomashevWhat were the creators of roulette trying to conceal? What exactly is a symmetric division of space? Did the game of roulette originate with the Mayas? What is perhaps the invisible material that unites the universe? Three interesting discoveries are described in this book, the secret of the game of roulette, the mystical attraction between numbers and the hidden formula of the Maya calendar (Tzolkin of 260 days). This is why the Miracle Code is not just a way to enhance your winnings at the casino from the official 2.7% to more than 20%. The attraction between numbers might well be the basis for the division of energy in space. Is man just one component of a comprehensive programme that has constantly repeated itself throughout history? No other publication has focused on this information and that makes this book so unique.
The Mixing of Magmas: Field Evidence, Numerical Models, Experiments (Advances in Volcanology)
by Diego PeruginiThis book provides a common theoretical and practical basis to the multifaceted nature of magma mixing. This process represents a fundamental phenomenon both in the evolution of igneous rocks and in triggering explosive volcanic eruptions. The topic is attacked surgically merging field evidence, numerical models, and experiments in order to draw the most complete picture about this natural process. Arguments are discussed in the light of Chaos Theory and Fractal Geometry as new tools to understand the role of magma mixing as a fundamental petrological and volcanological process. The book is intended to be a source of information and a stimulus for new ideas in students, young and possibly more experienced researches.
The Modal Logic of John Fabri of Valenciennes: A Study in Token-Based Semantics (SpringerBriefs in Philosophy)
by Christophe Geudens Lorenz DemeyThe first book-length study to address issues in modal logic at the eve of the Renaissance, this monograph provides important new insights into the way the debates on modal logic during the post-medieval period tied in with the so-called Wegestreit, the divide between the via antiqua and via moderna that dominated the discourse on logic during the 15th and early 16th centuries. The focus of the book is on the logic and philosophy of language of John Fabri of Valenciennes (fl. c. 1500), one of the last exponents of the terminist approach to logic that was bitterly criticized by the humanist movement. By means of a careful reconstruction of Fabri’s text, the book argues that Fabri's modal logic ultimately goes back to the work of John Buridan, and represents the same approach to the topic as the modal logics that were developed by adherents of the via moderna in Paris. This has significant implications for the historiography of post-medieval philosophy. Fabri was active in Louvain, which until the late 16th century was the most important intellectual center in the Low Countries. According to a long-standing tradition in the scholarship, Louvain was one of the few bulwarks of via antiqua logic on the map of post-medieval Europe. The book argues that this thesis is at least in part a scholarly fiction, and thus in need of revision. By shedding light on an author whose thought has thus far remained entirely unstudied, it also constitutes a valuable step towards a history of philosophy without any gaps. The book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in the history of logic and philosophy, but will also be of interest to intellectual historians, historians of ideas, and to any contemporary modal logician who is interested in the historical roots of their discipline.
The Model Thinker: What You Need to Know to Make Data Work for You
by Scott E. PageHow anyone can become a data ninja From the stock market to genomics laboratories, census figures to marketing email blasts, we are awash with data. But as anyone who has ever opened up a spreadsheet packed with seemingly infinite lines of data knows, numbers aren't enough: we need to know how to make those numbers talk. In The Model Thinker, social scientist Scott E. Page shows us the mathematical, statistical, and computational models--from linear regression to random walks and far beyond--that can turn anyone into a genius. At the core of the book is Page's "many-model paradigm," which shows the reader how to apply multiple models to organize the data, leading to wiser choices, more accurate predictions, and more robust designs. The Model Thinker provides a toolkit for business people, students, scientists, pollsters, and bloggers to make them better, clearer thinkers, able to leverage data and information to their advantage.