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The Search for Mathematical Roots, 1870-1940: Logics, Set Theories and the Foundations of Mathematics from Cantor through Russell to Gödel
by I. Grattan-GuinnessWhile many books have been written about Bertrand Russell's philosophy and some on his logic, I. Grattan-Guinness has written the first comprehensive history of the mathematical background, content, and impact of the mathematical logic and philosophy of mathematics that Russell developed with A. N. Whitehead in their Principia mathematica (1910-1913). ? This definitive history of a critical period in mathematics includes detailed accounts of the two principal influences upon Russell around 1900: the set theory of Cantor and the mathematical logic of Peano and his followers. Substantial surveys are provided of many related topics and figures of the late nineteenth century: the foundations of mathematical analysis under Weierstrass; the creation of algebraic logic by De Morgan, Boole, Peirce, Schröder, and Jevons; the contributions of Dedekind and Frege; the phenomenology of Husserl; and the proof theory of Hilbert. The many-sided story of the reception is recorded up to 1940, including the rise of logic in Poland and the impact on Vienna Circle philosophers Carnap and Gödel. A strong American theme runs though the story, beginning with the mathematician E. H. Moore and the philosopher Josiah Royce, and stretching through the emergence of Church and Quine, and the 1930s immigration of Carnap and GödeI. Grattan-Guinness draws on around fifty manuscript collections, including the Russell Archives, as well as many original reviews. The bibliography comprises around 1,900 items, bringing to light a wealth of primary materials. Written for mathematicians, logicians, historians, and philosophers--especially those interested in the historical interaction between these disciplines--this authoritative account tells an important story from its most neglected point of view. Whitehead and Russell hoped to show that (much of) mathematics was expressible within their logic; they failed in various ways, but no definitive alternative position emerged then or since.
The Search for Method in STEAM Education
by Jaime E. MartinezThis book explores various approaches to building a positive interdisciplinary STEAM (science, technology, engineering, arts and math) learning environment, as described by educators across the K-20 educational ladder. Crucial to their success, Martinez finds, is the playful and performatory approach they employ in their teaching. Their practices are creative, improvisational, and inclusive, and are shared in detail through illustrations and interviews. Throughout the book, the author explores a Vygotskian cultural performatory approach to creating interdisciplinary STEAM learning environments, drawing out the history of this approach and its success in fostering collaboration, creativity, leadership, and communication skills, as well as its effect on social, emotional, and cognitive growth in both formal and informal educational settings.
The Second-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology (Advances in Applied Mathematics)
by Dan Gabriel CacuciThe Second-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology generalizes the First-Order Theory presented in the author’s previous books published by CRC Press. This breakthrough has many applications in sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, optimization, data assimilation, model calibration, and reducing uncertainties in model predictions. The book has many illustrative examples that will help readers understand the complexity of the subject and will enable them to apply this methodology to problems in their own fields. Highlights: • Covers a wide range of needs, from graduate students to advanced researchers • Provides a text positioned to be the primary reference for high-order sensitivity and uncertainty analysis • Applies to all fields involving numerical modeling, optimization, quantification of sensitivities in direct and inverse problems in the presence of uncertainties. About the Author: Dan Gabriel Cacuci is a South Carolina SmartState Endowed Chair Professor and the Director of the Center for Nuclear Science and Energy, Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of South Carolina. He has a Ph.D. in Applied Physics, Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering from Columbia University. He is also the recipient of many awards including four honorary doctorates, the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Memorial award from the U.S. Dept. of Energy and the Arthur Holly Compton, Eugene P. Wigner and the Glenn Seaborg Awards from the American Nuclear Society.
The Secret Agent Training Manual: How to Make and Break Top Secret Messages: A Companion to the Secret Agents Jack and Max Stalwart Series (The Secret Agents Jack and Max Stalwart Nonfiction Series #1)
by Elizabeth Singer Hunt Brian WilliamsonWant to learn how to make and break TOP SECRET messages like a real spy? If so, this book is for you! In this exciting, award-winning nonfiction companion to the debut series SECRET AGENTS JACK AND MAX STALWART, readers ages 8 - 12 years old can learn behind-the-scenes codebreaking and spy skills. Inside are more than 80 pages of tips, tricks, and practice exercises for writing and deciphering cryptic communications. You'll learn how to make your own invisible ink, hide your messages, create unbreakable ciphers, and craft your own decoder gadgets. You can use this manual to learn how to exchange top secret notes with friends. Expanded and republished!
The Secret Formula: How a Mathematical Duel Inflamed Renaissance Italy and Uncovered the Cubic Equation
by Fabio ToscanoThe legendary Renaissance math duel that ushered in the modern age of algebraThe Secret Formula tells the story of two Renaissance mathematicians whose jealousies, intrigues, and contentious debates led to the discovery of a formula for the solution of the cubic equation. Niccolò Tartaglia was a talented and ambitious teacher who possessed a secret formula—the key to unlocking a seemingly unsolvable, two-thousand-year-old mathematical problem. He wrote it down in the form of a poem to prevent other mathematicians from stealing it. Gerolamo Cardano was a physician, gifted scholar, and notorious gambler who would not hesitate to use flattery and even trickery to learn Tartaglia's secret.Set against the backdrop of sixteenth-century Italy, The Secret Formula provides new and compelling insights into the peculiarities of Renaissance mathematics while bringing a turbulent and culturally vibrant age to life. It was an era when mathematicians challenged each other in intellectual duels held outdoors before enthusiastic crowds. Success not only enhanced the winner's reputation, but could result in prize money and professional acclaim. After hearing of Tartaglia's spectacular victory in one such contest in Venice, Cardano invited him to Milan, determined to obtain his secret by whatever means necessary. Cardano's intrigues paid off. In 1545, he was the first to publish a general solution of the cubic equation. Tartaglia, eager to take his revenge by establishing his superiority as the most brilliant mathematician of the age, challenged Cardano to the ultimate mathematical duel.A lively account of genius, betrayal, and all-too-human failings, The Secret Formula reveals the epic rivalry behind one of the fundamental ideas of modern algebra.
The Secret Life of Equations: The 50 Greatest Equations and How They Work
by Richard CochraneDiscover the 50 equations that have led to incredible discoveries, ground-breaking technology and have shaped our understanding of the world.From much heralded classics, like Zeno's Dichotomy and Pythagoras's Theorem, to The Schrödinger Wave Equation and Google PageRank, each equation is broken down and explained in a unique, illustrated way, so that you understand what it's about; what it's good for; its history, detail and related equations.Behind every important scientific discovery there is an equation. They are far from baffling, and now you too can understand their power and beauty!
The Secret Lives of Numbers: A Hidden History of Math's Unsung Trailblazers
by Kate Kitagawa Timothy RevellShortlisted for the 2024 British Academy Book PrizeA new history of mathematics focusing on the marginalized voices who propelled the discipline, spanning six continents and thousands of years of untold stories."A book to make you love math." —Financial TimesMathematics shapes almost everything we do. But despite its reputation as the study of fundamental truths, the stories we have been told about it are wrong—warped like the sixteenth-century map that enlarged Europe at the expense of Africa, Asia and the Americas. In The Secret Lives of Numbers, renowned math historian Kate Kitagawa and journalist Timothy Revell make the case that the history of math is infinitely deeper, broader, and richer than the narrative we think we know.Our story takes us from Hypatia, the first great female mathematician, whose ideas revolutionized geometry and who was killed for them—to Karen Uhlenbeck, the first woman to win the Abel Prize, “math’s Nobel.” Along the way we travel the globe to meet the brilliant Arabic scholars of the “House of Wisdom,” a math temple whose destruction in the Siege of Baghdad in the thirteenth century was a loss arguably on par with that of the Library of Alexandria; Madhava of Sangamagrama, the fourteenth-century Indian genius who uncovered the central tenets of calculus 300 years before Isaac Newton was born; and the Black mathematicians of the Civil Rights era, who played a significant role in dismantling early data-based methods of racial discrimination.Covering thousands of years, six continents, and just about every mathematical discipline, The Secret Lives of Numbers is an immensely compelling narrative history.
The Secret Lives of Numbers: The Curious Truth Behind Everyday Digits
by Michael MillarThis is a book for the observant and the curious. A book for people who take in their surroundings and wonder at the smallest detail: why? Above all, it's a book about numbers - those that surround us every day, and the intriguing stories behind them. From the 7-day week to 24-carat gold, Chanel No. 5 to five-star luxury, The Secret Lives of Numbers figures out the mysterious background to the numbers we encounter on a daily basis. Revealing the facts behind those figures, author Michael Millar outlines where to spot each digit, what it means and how it came to be in meticulously researched and entertaining entries, creating an absorbing and intelligent book that's perfect for any numbers fan. It's as easy as 1, 2, 3...Entries include: sports shirt numbers, firearms calibres, TV ratings, football rankings, poker scores, suncream factors, A4 paper, and more.
The Secret Science of Ciphers
by Nick D'AltoEven if you aren't a spy, you probably already use cryptography, or the science of secret communication, every day.
The Secret Science of Sports: The Math, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering Behind Every Grand Slam, Triple Axel, and Penalty Kick
by Jennifer SwansonWhy does a football spiral? How do some athletes jump so high? The answer is science! The Secret Science of Sports helps kids better understand concepts of science, technology, engineering, and math through the sports they love to play and watch. Every sport -- from baseball to basketball, to football and soccer, to wrestling, tennis, and lacrosse -- involves a bit of science, technology, engineering, and math. You can't throw a ball without Newton's Law of Motion, and you can't calculate a player's stats without math. And every type of sports equipment -- a helmet, cleats, shoulder or knee pads -- were designed with the latest engineering and technology. The Secret Science of Sports breaks down normally difficult STEM concepts like forces of motion, gravity, algebra, and even neuroscience, in a language kids can -- and will want to -- understand. Divided into sections like chemistry, biology, physics, technology, and more, this handy guide uses examples from sports like soccer, baseball, softball, football, hockey, lacrosse, tennis, and others to explain important STEM concepts for kids ages 8 to 12. They'll learn how to use math to calculate a batter's average, why a tennis racket is shaped the way it is, how biology affects athletic performance, the aerodynamics behind competitive swimsuits, and much more. With dozens of original, captivating illustrations to engage young readers, kids will have fun while learning about key STEM ideas that will prepare them for years of schooling to come.
The Secret World of Flexagons: Fascinating Folded Paper Puzzles (AK Peters/CRC Recreational Mathematics Series)
by Scott Sherman Yossi Elran Ann SchwartzThe hexaflexagon is a folded paper strip of colored triangles that has long delighted people with how it “magically” changes its appearance when “flexed”. This hands-on, comprehensive book goes beyond the hexaflexagon, the standard version of this folded puzzle, exponentially expanding the barely explored field of flexagons as it brings new options and fresh insights to light.● Learn over a dozen different flexes, and make dozens of different flexagons with the aid of step-by-step illustrated directions and templates to copy and print.● Delve into the internal structure of flexagons and discover a universal way to describe and predict their behavior.● Learn how to create your own custom flexagons with a special computer program.● Understand how flexagons are connected to group theory, computer science, and topology.● Have fun decorating flexagons and make flexagon books, puzzles, pop-ups, mazes, and more.Written in a clear, easy-to-understand, and conversational style and enhanced with challenges and tips to broaden your flexagon skills and spark creativity, The Secret World of Flexagons: Fascinating Folded Paper Puzzles is a must for flexagon enthusiasts, teachers, students, libraries, mathematicians, and everyone who loves to solve a good puzzle.
The Secrets of Triangles
by Alfred S. PosamentierRequiring no more than a knowledge of high school mathematics and written in clear and accessible language, this book will give all readers a new insight into some of the most enjoyable and fascinating aspects of geometry. Everyone knows what a triangle is, yet very few people appreciate that the common three-sided figure holds many intriguing "secrets." For example, if a circle is inscribed in any random triangle and then three lines are drawn from the three points of tangency to the opposite vertices of the triangle, these lines will always meet at a common point-no matter what the shape of the triangle. This and many more interesting geometrical properties are revealed in this entertaining and illuminating book about geometry. Flying in the face of the common impression that mathematics is usually dry and intimidating, this book proves that this sometimes-daunting, abstract discipline can be both fun and intellectually stimulating. The authors, two veteran math educators, explore the multitude of surprising relationships connected with triangles and show some clever approaches to constructing triangles using a straightedge and a compass. Readers will learn how they can improve their problem-solving skills by performing these triangle constructions. The lines, points, and circles related to triangles harbor countless surprising relationships that are presented here in a very engaging fashion.
The Selected Models of the Mesostructure of Composites: Percolation, Clusters, Force Fields (SpringerBriefs in Physics)
by Alexander HeregaThis book presents the role of mesostructure on the properties of composite materials. A complex percolation model is developed for the material structure containing percolation clusters of phases and interior boundaries. Modeling of technological cracks and the percolation in the Sierpinski carpet are described. The interaction of mesoscopic interior boundaries of the material, including the fractal nature of interior boundaries, the oscillatory nature of it interaction and also the stochastic model of the interior boundaries’ interaction, the genesis, structure, and properties are discussed. One of part of the book introduces the percolation model of the long-range effect which is based on the notion on the multifractal clusters with transforming elements, and the theorem on the field interaction of multifractals is described. In addition small clusters, their characteristic properties and the criterion of stability are presented.
The Semantic Conception of Logic: Essays on Consequence, Invariance, and Meaning
by Gil Sagi Jack WoodsThis collection of new essays presents cutting-edge research on the semantic conception of logic, the invariance criteria of logicality, grammaticality, and logical truth. Contributors explore the history of the semantic tradition, starting with Tarski, and its historical applications, while central criticisms of the tradition, and especially the use of invariance criteria to explain logicality, are revisited by the original participants in that debate. Other essays discuss more recent criticism of the approach, and researchers from mathematics and linguistics weigh in on the role of the semantic tradition in their disciplines. This book will be invaluable to philosophers and logicians alike.
The Semantic Web – ISWC 2018: 17th International Semantic Web Conference, Monterey, CA, USA, October 8–12, 2018, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11136)
by Valentina Presutti Elena Simperl Mari Carmen Suárez-Figueroa Marta Sabou Denny Vrandečić Kalina Bontcheva Irene Celino Lucie-Aimée KaffeeThe two-volume set LNCS 11136 and 11137 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2018, held in Monterey, USA, in October 2018. The ISWC conference is the premier international forum for the Semantic Web / Linked Data Community. The total of 62 full papers included in this volume was selected from 250 submissions. The conference is organized in three tracks: for the Research Track 39 full papers were selected from 164 submissions. The Resource Track contains 17 full papers, selected from 55 submissions; and the In-Use track features 6 full papers which were selected from 31 submissions to this track.
The Semantic Web – ISWC 2018: 17th International Semantic Web Conference, Monterey, CA, USA, October 8–12, 2018, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11137)
by Valentina Presutti Elena Simperl Mari Carmen Suárez-Figueroa Marta Sabou Denny Vrandečić Kalina Bontcheva Irene Celino Lucie-Aimée KaffeeThe two-volume set LNCS 11136 and 11137 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2018, held in Monterey, USA, in October 2018. The ISWC conference is the premier international forum for the Semantic Web / Linked Data Community. The total of 62 full papers included in this volume was selected from 250 submissions. The conference is organized in three tracks: for the Research Track 39 full papers were selected from 164 submissions. The Resource Track contains 17 full papers, selected from 55 submissions; and the In-Use track features 6 full papers which were selected from 31 submissions to this track.Paper 'The SPAR Ontologies' is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
The Semantic Web – ISWC 2019: 18th International Semantic Web Conference, Auckland, New Zealand, October 26–30, 2019, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11778)
by Fabien Gandon Chiara Ghidini Olaf Hartig Maria Maleshkova Isabel Cruz Vojtěch Svátek Aidan Hogan Jie Song Maxime LefrançoisThe two-volume set of LNCS 11778 and 11779 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2019, held in Auckland, New Zealand, in October 2019. The ISWC conference is the premier international forum for the Semantic Web / Linked Data Community.The total of 74 full papers included in this volume was selected from 283 submissions. The conference is organized in three tracks: for the Research Track 42 full papers were selected from 194 submissions; the Resource Track contains 21 full papers, selected from 64 submissions; and the In-Use Track features 11 full papers which were selected from 25 submissions to this track.
The Semantic Web – ISWC 2019: 18th International Semantic Web Conference, Auckland, New Zealand, October 26–30, 2019, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11779)
by Fabien Gandon Chiara Ghidini Olaf Hartig Maria Maleshkova Isabel Cruz Vojtěch Svátek Aidan Hogan Jie Song Maxime LefrançoisThe two-volume set of LNCS 11778 and 11779 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2019, held in Auckland, New Zealand, in October 2019. The ISWC conference is the premier international forum for the Semantic Web / Linked Data Community.The total of 74 full papers included in this volume was selected from 283 submissions. The conference is organized in three tracks: for the Research Track 42 full papers were selected from 194 submissions; the Resource Track contains 21 full papers, selected from 64 submissions; and the In-Use Track features 11 full papers which were selected from 25 submissions to this track.The chapter "The SEPSES knowledge graph: An integrated resource for cybersecurity" is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
The Semantic Web – ISWC 2020: 19th International Semantic Web Conference, Athens, Greece, November 2–6, 2020, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12507)
by Bo Fu Valentina Tamma Jeff Z. Pan Claudia D’Amato Krzysztof Janowicz Axel Polleres Oshani Seneviratne Lalana KagalThe two volume set LNCS 12506 and 12507 constitutes the proceedings of the 19th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2020, which was planned to take place in Athens, Greece, during November 2-6, 2020. The conference changed to a virtual format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The papers included in this volume deal with the latest advances in fundamental research, innovative technology, and applications of the Semantic Web, linked data, knowledge graphs, and knowledge processing on the Web. They were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the proceedings as follows: Part I: Features 38 papers from the research track which were accepted from 170 submissions; Part II: Includes 22 papers from the resources track which were accepted from 71 submissions; and 21 papers in the in-use track, which had a total of 46 submissions.
The Semantic Web: 15th International Conference, ESWC 2018, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 3–7, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10843)
by Anna Tordai Maria-Esther Vidal Aldo Gangemi Raphaël Troncy Pascal Hitzler Roberto Navigli Laura Hollink Mehwish AlamThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2018, held in Heraklion, Crete, Greece.The 48 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 179 submissions. The papers cover a large range of topics such as logical modelling and reasoning, natural language processing, databases and data storage and access, machine learning, distributed systems, information retrieval and data mining, social networks, and Web science and Web engineering.
The Semantic Web: 16th International Conference, ESWC 2019, Portorož, Slovenia, June 2–6, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11503)
by Armin Haller Pascal Hitzler Miriam Fernández Krzysztof Janowicz Amrapali Zaveri Alasdair J. G. Gray Vanessa Lopez Karl HammarThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2019, held in Portorož, Slovenia. The 39 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 134 submissions. The papers are organized in three tracks: research track, resources track, and in-use track and deal with the following topical areas: distribution and decentralisation, velocity on the Web, research of research, ontologies and reasoning, linked data, natural language processing and information retrieval, semantic data management and data infrastructures, social and human aspects of the Semantic Web, and, machine learning.
The Semantic Web: 17th International Conference, ESWC 2020, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, May 31–June 4, 2020, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12123)
by Heiko Paulheim Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo Anna Lisa Gentile Sabrina Kirrane Andreas Harth Anisa Rula Peter Haase Michael CochezThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2020, held in Heraklion, Crete, Greece.* The 39 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 166 submissions. The papers were submitted to three tracks: the research track, the resource track and the in-use track. These tracks showcase research and development activities, services and applications, and innovative research outcomes making their way into industry. The research track caters for both long standing and emerging research topics in the form of the following subtracks: ontologies and reasoning; natural language processing and information retrieval; semantic data management and data infrastructures; social and human aspects of the Semantic Web; machine learning; distribution and decentralization; science of science; security, privacy, licensing and trust; knowledge graphs; and integration, services and APIs.*The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Chapter ‘Piveau: A Large-scale Oopen Data Management Platform based on Semantic Web Technologies’ is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
The Semantic Web: 18th International Conference, ESWC 2021, Virtual Event, June 6–10, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12731)
by Ruben Verborgh Oscar Corcho Heiko Paulheim Katja Hose Mehwish Alam Maria Maleshkova Pierre-Antoine Champin Petar RistoskiThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2021, held virtually in June 2021. The 41 full papers and 2 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 167 submissions. The papers were submitted to three tracks: the research track, the resource track and the in-use track. These tracks showcase research and development activities, services and applications, and innovative research outcomes making their way into industry. The research track caters to both long-standing and emerging research topics in the form of the following subtracks: ontologies and reasoning; knowledge graphs (understanding, creating, and exploiting); semantic data management, querying and distributed data; data dynamics, quality, and trust; matching, integration, and fusion; NLP and information retrieval; machine learning; science data and scholarly communication; and problems to solve before you die.
The Semantic Web: 21st International Conference, ESWC 2024, Hersonissos, Crete, Greece, May 26–30, 2024, Proceedings, Part I (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14664)
by Heiko Paulheim Raphaël Troncy Olaf Hartig Mehwish Alam Maribel Acosta Anastasia Dimou Pasquale Lisena Albert Meroño PeñuelaThe two-volume set LNCS 14664 and 14665 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on The Semantic Web, ESWC 2024, held in Hersonissos, Crete, Greece, during May 26-30, 2024. The 32 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 138 submissions. They focus on all aspects of theoretical, analytical, and empirical aspects of the semantic web, semantic technologies, knowledge graphs and semantics on the web in general.
The Semantic Web: 22nd European Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2025, Portoroz, Slovenia, June 1–5, 2025, Proceedings, Part II (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15719)
by Edward Curry Adegboyega Ojo Marieke Van Erp Katja Hose Maribel Acosta Pasquale Lisena Maria Poveda-Villalón Cogan ShimizuThis two-volume set LNCS 15718-15719 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd European Semantic Web Conference, ESWC 2025, held in Portoroz, Slovenia, during June 1–5, 2025.The 45 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 155 submissions.The ESWC&’s Research track addresses the theoretical, analytical, and empirical aspects of the semantic web, semantic technologies, knowledge graphs and semantics on the Web in general. The In-use track focuses on contributions that reuse and apply state-of-the-art semantic technologies or resources to real-world settings. The resource track deals with resource contributions that are, on the one hand innovative or novel, and on the other hand sharable and reusable (e.g. datasets, knowledge graphs, ontologies, workflows, benchmarks, frameworks), and provide the necessary scaffolding to support the generation of scientific work and advance the state of the art.