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Uncertainty Quantification and Predictive Computational Science: A Foundation for Physical Scientists and Engineers
by Ryan G. McClarrenThis textbook teaches the essential background and skills for understanding and quantifying uncertainties in a computational simulation, and for predicting the behavior of a system under those uncertainties. It addresses a critical knowledge gap in the widespread adoption of simulation in high-consequence decision-making throughout the engineering and physical sciences. Constructing sophisticated techniques for prediction from basic building blocks, the book first reviews the fundamentals that underpin later topics of the book including probability, sampling, and Bayesian statistics. Part II focuses on applying Local Sensitivity Analysis to apportion uncertainty in the model outputs to sources of uncertainty in its inputs. Part III demonstrates techniques for quantifying the impact of parametric uncertainties on a problem, specifically how input uncertainties affect outputs. The final section covers techniques for applying uncertainty quantification to make predictions under uncertainty, including treatment of epistemic uncertainties. It presents the theory and practice of predicting the behavior of a system based on the aggregation of data from simulation, theory, and experiment. The text focuses on simulations based on the solution of systems of partial differential equations and includes in-depth coverage of Monte Carlo methods, basic design of computer experiments, as well as regularized statistical techniques. Code references, in python, appear throughout the text and online as executable code, enabling readers to perform the analysis under discussion. Worked examples from realistic, model problems help readers understand the mechanics of applying the methods. Each chapter ends with several assignable problems. Uncertainty Quantification and Predictive Computational Science fills the growing need for a classroom text for senior undergraduate and early-career graduate students in the engineering and physical sciences and supports independent study by researchers and professionals who must include uncertainty quantification and predictive science in the simulations they develop and/or perform.
Uncertainty Quantification and Stochastic Modelling with EXCEL (Springer Texts in Business and Economics)
by Eduardo Souza de CursiThis book presents techniques for determining uncertainties in numerical solutions with applications in the fields of business administration, civil engineering, and economics, using Excel as a computational tool. Also included are solutions to uncertainty problems involving stochastic methods. The list of topics specially covered in this volume includes linear and nonlinear programming, Lagrange multipliers (for sensitivity), multi objective optimization, and Game Theory, as well as linear algebraic equations, and probability and statistics. The book also provides a selection of numerical methods developed for Excel, in order to enhance readers’ understanding. As such, it offers a valuable guide for all graduate and undergraduate students in the fields of economics, business administration, civil engineering, and others that rely on Excel as a research tool.
Uncertainty Quantification for Hyperbolic and Kinetic Equations (SEMA SIMAI Springer Series #14)
by Shi Jin Lorenzo PareschiThis book explores recent advances in uncertainty quantification for hyperbolic, kinetic, and related problems. The contributions address a range of different aspects, including: polynomial chaos expansions, perturbation methods, multi-level Monte Carlo methods, importance sampling, and moment methods. The interest in these topics is rapidly growing, as their applications have now expanded to many areas in engineering, physics, biology and the social sciences. Accordingly, the book provides the scientific community with a topical overview of the latest research efforts.
Uncertainty Quantification in Laminated Composites: A Meta-model Based Approach
by Sudip Dey Tanmoy Mukhopadhyay Sondipon AdhikariOver the last few decades, uncertainty quantification in composite materials and structures has gained a lot of attention from the research community as a result of industrial requirements. This book presents computationally efficient uncertainty quantification schemes following meta-model-based approaches for stochasticity in material and geometric parameters of laminated composite structures. Several metamodels have been studied and comparative results have been presented for different static and dynamic responses. Results for sensitivity analyses are provided for a comprehensive coverage of the relative importance of different material and geometric parameters in the global structural responses.
Uncertainty Quantification in Variational Inequalities: Theory, Numerics, and Applications
by Akhtar A. Khan Joachim Gwinner Baasansuren Jadamba Fabio RacitiUncertainty Quantification (UQ) is an emerging and extremely active research discipline which aims to quantitatively treat any uncertainty in applied models. The primary objective of Uncertainty Quantification in Variational Inequalities: Theory, Numerics, and Applications is to present a comprehensive treatment of UQ in variational inequalities and some of its generalizations emerging from various network, economic, and engineering models. Some of the developed techniques also apply to machine learning, neural networks, and related fields. Features First book on UQ in variational inequalities emerging from various network, economic, and engineering models Completely self-contained and lucid in style Aimed for a diverse audience including applied mathematicians, engineers, economists, and professionals from academia Includes the most recent developments on the subject which so far have only been available in the research literature
Uncertainty Quantification using R (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #335)
by Eduardo Souza de CursiThis book is a rigorous but practical presentation of the techniques of uncertainty quantification, with applications in R and Python. This volume includes mathematical arguments at the level necessary to make the presentation rigorous and the assumptions clearly established, while maintaining a focus on practical applications of uncertainty quantification methods. Practical aspects of applied probability are also discussed, making the content accessible to students. The introduction of R and Python allows the reader to solve more complex problems involving a more significant number of variables. Users will be able to use examples laid out in the text to solve medium-sized problems. The list of topics covered in this volume includes linear and nonlinear programming, Lagrange multipliers (for sensitivity), multi-objective optimization, game theory, as well as linear algebraic equations, and probability and statistics. Blending theoretical rigor and practical applications, this volume will be of interest to professionals, researchers, graduate and undergraduate students interested in the use of uncertainty quantification techniques within the framework of operations research and mathematical programming, for applications in management and planning.
Uncertainty Quantification with R: Bayesian Methods (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #352)
by Eduardo Souza de CursiThis book is a rigorous but practical presentation of the Bayesian techniques of uncertainty quantification, with applications in R. This volume includes mathematical arguments at the level necessary to make the presentation rigorous and the assumptions clearly established, while maintaining a focus on practical applications of Bayesian uncertainty quantification methods. Practical aspects of applied probability are also discussed, making the content accessible to students. The introduction of R allows the reader to solve more complex problems involving a more significant number of variables. Users will be able to use examples laid out in the text to solve medium-sized problems.The list of topics covered in this volume includes basic Bayesian probabilities, entropy, Bayesian estimation and decision, sequential Bayesian estimation, and numerical methods. Blending theoretical rigor and practical applications, this volume will be of interest to professionals, researchers, graduate and undergraduate students interested in the use of Bayesian uncertainty quantification techniques within the framework of operations research and mathematical programming, for applications in management and planning.
Uncovering Student Thinking About Mathematics in the Common Core, Grades 3-5: 25 Formative Assessment Probes
by Cheryl Rose Tobey Emily R. FaganTake the guesswork out of grades 3-5 math assessment! Quickly pinpoint and reverse your students’ common math difficulties with this detailed and easy-to-follow resource from best-selling authors Cheryl Tobey and Carolyn Arline. Twenty research-based assessment probes help you ask the right questions to uncover just where your students get confused – while learning is already underway. These CCSM-aligned probes eliminate all guesswork and will help you: Systematically address conceptual and procedural mistakes Plan targeted instruction and remediation in multiplication and division, problem solving, the four operations, factorization, and beyond Master essential CCSM mathematical processes and proficiencies for Grades 3-5
Uncovering Student Thinking About Mathematics in the Common Core, Grades 6-8: 25 Formative Assessment Probes
by Cheryl Rose Tobey Carolyn B. ArlinePinpoint and reverse math misconceptions with laser-like accuracy Quickly and reliably uncover common math misconceptions in Grades 6-8 with these convenient and easy-to-implement diagnostic tools! Bestselling authors Cheryl Tobey and Carolyn Arline provide 25 new assessment probes that pinpoint subconcepts within the new Common Core Standards for Mathematics to promote deep learning and expert math instruction--while learning is already underway. Completely CCSM aligned, these grade-specific probes eliminate the guesswork and help teachers: Systematically address conceptual and procedural mistakes Help students better understand areas of struggle Plan targeted instruction that covers Grades 6-8 CCSM mathematical processes and proficiencies
Uncovering Student Thinking About Mathematics in the Common Core, Grades K–2: 20 Formative Assessment Probes
by Cheryl Rose Tobey Emily R. FaganGet to the core of your students’ understanding of math! Quickly and reliably identify your primary students’ math knowledge with these convenient and easy-to-implement diagnostic tools! Tobey and Fagan provide 25 new assessments specifically for Grades K–2 and directly aligned with the Common Core. Organized by strand, the probes will enable you to: Quickly and objectively evaluate each child’s prior knowledge of basic math and numeracy Systematically address common mistakes and obstacles before they become long-term problems Make sound instructional choices to improve all students’ math skills
Uncovering Student Thinking About Mathematics in the Common Core, High School: 25 Formative Assessment Probes
by Cheryl Rose Tobey Carolyn B. ArlineTake the guesswork out of high school math instruction! Quickly and reliably uncover common math misconceptions in Grades 9-12 with these convenient and easy-to-implement diagnostic tools! Bestselling authors Cheryl Rose Tobey and Carolyn B. Arline provide 25 new assessment probes that pinpoint subconcepts within the Common Core State Standards to promote deep learning and expert math instruction—all while learning is underway. Completely Common Core aligned, these grade-specific probes eliminate the guesswork and will help you Systematically address conceptual and procedural mistakes Pinpoint where students are struggling Plan targeted instruction in algebra, functions, logarithms, geometry, trigonometric ratios, statistics and probability, and more
Uncovering Student Thinking in Mathematics: 25 Formative Assessment Probes
by Cheryl Rose Tobey Leslie G. Minton Carolyn B. ArlineAppropriate for all grade levels, these 25 field-tested, easy-to-use mathematics assessment probes help teachers modify instruction by determining students' understanding of core mathematical concepts.
Uncovering Student Thinking in Mathematics, Grades 6-12: 30 Formative Assessment Probes for the Secondary Classroom
by Cheryl Rose Tobey Carolyn B. ArlineDiscussing standards, research, and more, these 30 probes help secondary teachers assess students' grasp of core mathematics concepts and modify their instruction to improve student achievement.
Uncovering Student Thinking in Mathematics, Grades K-5: 25 Formative Assessment Probes for the Elementary Classroom
by Cheryl Rose Tobey Leslie G. MintonThis book provides 25 easily administered assessments of learners' math knowledge that help teachers monitor learning in real time and improve all students' math skills.
Undecidability, Uncomputability, and Unpredictability (The Frontiers Collection)
by Anthony Aguirre Zeeya Merali David SloanFor a brief time in history, it was possible to imagine that a sufficiently advanced intellect could, given sufficient time and resources, in principle understand how to mathematically prove everything that was true. They could discern what math corresponds to physical laws, and use those laws to predict anything that happens before it happens. That time has passed. Gödel’s undecidability results (the incompleteness theorems), Turing’s proof of non-computable values, the formulation of quantum theory, chaos, and other developments over the past century have shown that there are rigorous arguments limiting what we can prove, compute, and predict. While some connections between these results have come to light, many remain obscure, and the implications are unclear. Are there, for example, real consequences for physics — including quantum mechanics — of undecidability and non-computability? Are there implications for our understanding of the relations between agency, intelligence, mind, and the physical world? This book, based on the winning essays from the annual FQXi competition, contains ten explorations of Undecidability, Uncomputability, and Unpredictability. The contributions abound with connections, implications, and speculations while undertaking rigorous but bold and open-minded investigation of the meaning of these constraints for the physical world, and for us as humans.
Under the Sky We Make: How to Be Human in a Warming World
by Kimberly NicholasIt's warming. It's us. We're sure. It's bad. But we can fix it.After speaking to the international public for close to fifteen years about sustainability, climate scientist Dr. Nicholas realized that concerned people were getting the wrong message about the climate crisis. Yes, companies and governments are hugely responsible for the mess we're in. But individuals CAN effect real, significant, and lasting change to solve this problem. Nicholas explores finding purpose in a warming world, combining her scientific expertise and her lived, personal experience in a way that seems fresh and deeply urgent: Agonizing over the climate costs of visiting loved ones overseas, how to find low-carbon love on Tinder, and even exploring her complicated family legacy involving supermarket turkeys.In her astonishing book Under the Sky We Make, Nicholas does for climate science what Michael Pollan did more than a decade ago for the food on our plate: offering a hopeful, clear-eyed, and somehow also hilarious guide to effecting real change, starting in our own lives. Saving ourselves from climate apocalypse will require radical shifts within each of us, to effect real change in our society and culture. But it can be done. It requires, Dr. Nicholas argues, belief in our own agency and value, alongside a deep understanding that no one will ever hand us power--we're going to have to seize it for ourselves.
The Undercount of Young Children in the U.S. Decennial Census
by William P. O'HareThis book covers several dimensions of the undercount of young children in the U. S. Decennial Census, examines the data from the 2010 U. S. Decennial Census in detail and looks at trends in the undercount of children over time. Other aspects included are the geographic distribution of the net undercount and an exploration for some of the potential explanations for the high net undercount of children. The number of young children in the US is growing, but almost one million young children (under age 5) were missed in the 2010 U. S. Decennial Census. The net undercount of young children has been higher than any other age group for the past several decades and is increasing rapidly, but little attention has been paid to the issue but demographers or the public.
Undergraduate Algebra: A Unified Approach (Springer Undergraduate Mathematics Series)
by Matej BrešarThis textbook offers an innovative approach to abstract algebra, based on a unified treatment of similar concepts across different algebraic structures. This makes it possible to express the main ideas of algebra more clearly and to avoid unnecessary repetition.The book consists of two parts: The Language of Algebra and Algebra in Action. The unified approach to different algebraic structures is a primary feature of the first part, which discusses the basic notions of algebra at an elementary level. The second part is mathematically more complex, covering topics such as the Sylow theorems, modules over principal ideal domains, and Galois theory.Intended for an undergraduate course or for self-study, the book is written in a readable, conversational style, is rich in examples, and contains over 700 carefully selected exercises.
Undergraduate Mathematics Competitions (1995–2016)
by Volodymyr Brayman Alexander KukushVersatile and comprehensive in content, this book of problems will appeal to students in nearly all areas of mathematics. The text offers original and advanced problems proposed from 1995 to 2016 at the Mathematics Olympiads. Essential for undergraduate students, PhD students, and instructors, the problems in this book vary in difficulty and cover most of the obligatory courses given at the undergraduate level, including calculus, algebra, geometry, discrete mathematics, measure theory, complex analysis, differential equations, and probability theory. Detailed solutions to all of the problems from Part I are supplied in Part II, giving students the ability to check their solutions and observe new and unexpected ideas. Most of the problems in this book are not technical and allow for a short and elegant solution. The problems given are unique and non-standard; solving the problems requires a creative approach as well as a deep understanding of the material. Nearly all of the problems are originally authored by lecturers, PhD students, senior undergraduates, and graduate students of the mechanics and mathematics faculty of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv as well as by many others from Belgium, Canada, Great Britain, Hungary, and the United States.
An Undergraduate Primer in Algebraic Geometry (UNITEXT #129)
by Ciro CilibertoThis book consists of two parts. The first is devoted to an introduction to basic concepts in algebraic geometry: affine and projective varieties, some of their main attributes and examples. The second part is devoted to the theory of curves: local properties, affine and projective plane curves, resolution of singularities, linear equivalence of divisors and linear series, Riemann–Roch and Riemann–Hurwitz Theorems.The approach in this book is purely algebraic. The main tool is commutative algebra, from which the needed results are recalled, in most cases with proofs. The prerequisites consist of the knowledge of basics in affine and projective geometry, basic algebraic concepts regarding rings, modules, fields, linear algebra, basic notions in the theory of categories, and some elementary point–set topology.This book can be used as a textbook for an undergraduate course in algebraic geometry. The users of the book are not necessarily intended to become algebraic geometers but may be interested students or researchers who want to have a first smattering in the topic. The book contains several exercises, in which there are more examples and parts of the theory that are not fully developed in the text. Of some exercises, there are solutions at the end of each chapter.
Undernutrition in India: Causes, Consequences and Policy Measures (Sustainable Development Goals Series)
by Aparajita Chattopadhyay Akancha Singh Samriddhi S. GupteThis book deals with issues related to undernutrition and anaemia in India. It establishes its interconnectedness with poverty, tribal living conditions, contraception usage, dietary diversity, and socioeconomic inequality. It addresses SDG 2, namely “end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture.” It puts forth the linkages between mother's economic empowerment and children's nutritional status, anaemia of women with particular reference to tribal women, and the issues associated with anaemia in India. It also delves into the relationship between contraceptive usage and anaemia level. It explores the proximate and intermediate determinants of undernutrition disaggregated at the state level in India. It elaborates the importance of ensuring food security and suggests policy measures to improve maternal and child health. The book is an asset for all researchers, academicians, clinicians and policy makers dealing with sociology, economics, public policy, social work, population study, gender issues, biostatistics, health, development, and nutrition.
Understand Statistics: Teach Yourself
by Alan GrahamDo you want to better understand the statistics you hear everyday - and recognise if you're being misled? Here is a straightforward introduction to the principles of this vital field of mathematics. Assuming minimal knowledge and using examples from a wide variety of everyday contexts, this book makes even complex concepts and techniques easy to grasp.NOT GOT MUCH TIME?One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started.AUTHOR INSIGHTSLots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience.TEST YOURSELFTests in the book and online to keep track of your progress.EXTEND YOUR KNOWLEDGEExtra online articles at www.teachyourself.com to give you a richer understanding of psychology.FIVE THINGS TO REMEMBERQuick refreshers to help you remember the key facts.TRY THISInnovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it.
Understand Statistics: Teach Yourself
by Alan GrahamDo you want to better understand the statistics you hear everyday - and recognise if you're being misled? Here is a straightforward introduction to the principles of this vital field of mathematics. Assuming minimal knowledge and using examples from a wide variety of everyday contexts, this book makes even complex concepts and techniques easy to grasp.NOT GOT MUCH TIME?One, five and ten-minute introductions to key principles to get you started.AUTHOR INSIGHTSLots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience.TEST YOURSELFTests in the book and online to keep track of your progress.EXTEND YOUR KNOWLEDGEExtra online articles at www.teachyourself.com to give you a richer understanding of psychology.FIVE THINGS TO REMEMBERQuick refreshers to help you remember the key facts.TRY THISInnovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it.
Understandable Statistics: Concepts and Methods, Advanced Placement High School Edition (7th Edition)
by Charles Henry Brase Corrinne Pellillo BraseThe seventh edition of Understandable Statistics: Concepts and Methods continues to emphasize concepts of statistics. Statistical methods are carefully presented with a focus on understanding both the suitability of the method and the meaning of the result. Statistical methods and measurements are developed in the context of applications.
Understandable Statistics: Concepts and Methods
by Charles Henry Brase Corrinne Pellillo BraseUnderstandable Statistics is a thorough, yet approachable statistics text. Designed to help students overcome their apprehension about statistics, the text provides guidance and informal advice showing students the links between statistics and their everyday lives. To reinforce this approach, the book integrates real-life data selected from a variety of sources including journals, periodicals, newspapers and the Internet. The use of graphing calculators, Excel, Minitab and SPSS is covered, but not required. A set of technology resources accompanying the Eighth Edition, designed to provide reinforcement for struggling students, includes a market-leading video and DVD series, interactive lessons, and simulations.