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The Way to a Great Country: A Macroscopic View on Chinese Population in the 21st Century (China Perspectives)
by Tian XueyuanPopulation is the most influential factor in social development and economic growth, especially in China. In this book, author Tian Xueyuan provides macro illustrations of the main issues confronting China’s population and development in the 21st century and advises on facing population development challenges to sustainable future development. This book explores issues such as the relation between the change of population and consumption, how the age of the working population affects economic structure and transition when above or below the Lewis turning point, the impact of population aging on growth speed and the pension system, how to remove the urban– rural dual structure, how to reform exam- oriented education, and how to balance relations between population, resource, environment, and sustainable growth. The discussions on population– consumption relations, labor– economy relations, urbanization and rural– urban relations, and beyond provide insightful judgment on and prospects for China’s future development. This book is helpful for international audiences to better understand China’s population and development challenges and strategies.
The Weierstrass Elliptic Function and Applications in Classical and Quantum Mechanics: A Primer for Advanced Undergraduates (SpringerBriefs in Physics)
by Georgios PastrasThe field of elliptic functions, apart from its own mathematical beauty, has many applications in physics in a variety of topics, such as string theory or integrable systems. This book, which focuses on the Weierstrass theory of elliptic functions, aims at senior undergraduate and junior graduate students in physics or applied mathematics. Supplemented by problems and solutions, it provides a fast, but thorough introduction to the mathematical theory and presents some important applications in classical and quantum mechanics. Elementary applications, such as the simple pendulum, help the readers develop physical intuition on the behavior of the Weierstrass elliptic and related functions, whereas more Interesting and advanced examples, like the n=1 Lamé problem-a periodic potential with an exactly solvable band structure, are also presented.
The Weierstrass Sigma Function in Higher Genus and Applications to Integrable Equations (Springer Monographs in Mathematics)
by Shigeki MatsutaniThis book’s area is special functions of one or several complex variables. Special functions have been applied to dynamics and physics. Special functions such as elliptic or automorphic functions have an algebro-geometric nature. These attributes permeate the book. The “Kleinian sigma function”, or “higher-genus Weierstrass sigma function” generalizes the elliptic sigma function. It appears for the first time in the work of Weierstrass. Klein gave an explicit definition for hyperelliptic or genus-three curves, as a modular invariant analogue of the Riemann theta function on the Jacobian (the two functions are equivalent). H.F. Baker later used generalized Legendre relations for meromorphic differentials, and brought out the two principles of the theory: on the one hand, sigma uniformizes the Jacobian so that its (logarithmic) derivatives in one direction generate the field of meromorphic functions on the Jacobian, therefore algebraic relations among them generate the ideal of the Jacobian as a projective variety; on the other hand, a set of nonlinear PDEs (which turns out to include the “integrable hierarchies” of KdV type), characterize sigma. We follow Baker’s approach. There is no book where the theory of the sigma function is taken from its origins up to the latest most general results achieved, which cover large classes of curves. The authors propose to produce such a book, and cover applications to integrable PDEs, and the inclusion of related al functions, which have not yet received comparable attention but have applications to defining specific subvarieties of the degenerating family of curves. One reason for the attention given to sigma is its relationship to Sato's tau function and the heat equations for deformation from monomial curves. The book is based on classical literature and contemporary research, in particular our contribution which covers a class of curves whose sigma had not been found explicitly before.
The Well-Being of the Elderly in Asia: A Four-Country Comparative Study
by Albert I. HermalinThe past two decades have witnessed rapid social, economic, and demographic change in East and South-East Asia. The older populations in these regions have been increasing faster than in the West, and the proportions of people over sixty will more than double over the next thirty years. Increased urbanization and educational levels and a strong shift to professional, technical, manufacturing, and service occupations are changing the social and economic landscape, leading to concern for the well-being of the elderly, who traditionally have relied on the family for support. Governments are attempting to preserve these traditions while taking into account widespread family change and new expectations for pension, health insurance, and other public programs. The contributors to this volume use survey and other data collected over ten years to examine the well-being of the current older population in four Asian countries: The Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand. Each major analytic chapter looks at a key dimension of well-being--economic, physical and mental health, work and leisure--and how these are affected by the familial and social support arrangements, as well as age, gender, education, and urban-rural residence. Where possible, changes over time are traced. Explicit attention is given to the policies and programs in place and under development in each country and to the cultural accommodations underway. The contributors also look ahead to the implications of the large numbers of elderly with very different characteristics who will predominate in the coming years and to the policy implications of this coming transformation. The book will be important for scholars and policymakers whose work involves population in Asia, including demographers, sociologists, and economists.
The Well-Rounded Math Student: Leveraging Math Practices to Build Next Generation Skills
by Sherri L. Martinie Jessica Lane Janet Stramel Jolene Goodheart Peterson Julie ThieleIntegrate a holistic approach to mathematics success with essential personal and social skills Teaching math is more than just numbers. It’s about shaping future-ready students who are not only academically strong but thrive socially and emotionally. Research shows that learning both intrapersonal and interpersonal skills helps students academically, and teachers play a crucial role in providing social-emotional support. The Well-Rounded Math Student helps mathematics teachers in Grades K-12 foster both their students′ academic prowess and their social and emotional development. Through the lens of the Standards for Mathematical Practice, the book emphasizes the importance of intentionally teaching and promoting intrapersonal and interpersonal skills, or "Next Generation" skills, alongside mathematical concepts. The authors provide step-by-step guidance on how small adjustments in lesson planning can have a profound impact on students′ growth. Providing teachers with a new lens to leverage in their planning as well as concrete ways to use their mathematics lessons to explicitly teach and reinforce social and emotional competencies, this book: Holds a strengths-based mindset and approach—for both teachers and students Highlights the importance of the science and the art of teaching to enhance social development, human connection, classroom management, and community within classrooms Stresses that the overarching goal of education is to help students become responsible adults who are ready for their future Includes a lesson planning guide, competency builder activities, vignettes of enhanced lessons across grade bands, reflection questions, and suggestions for taking action The Well-Rounded Math Student bridges critical intrapersonal and interpersonal elements to help educators create an environment where students excel in math and develop the life skills they’ll carry forever.
The Well-Rounded Math Student: Leveraging Math Practices to Build Next Generation Skills
by Sherri L. Martinie Jessica Lane Janet Stramel Jolene Goodheart Peterson Julie ThieleIntegrate a holistic approach to mathematics success with essential personal and social skills Teaching math is more than just numbers. It’s about shaping future-ready students who are not only academically strong but thrive socially and emotionally. Research shows that learning both intrapersonal and interpersonal skills helps students academically, and teachers play a crucial role in providing social-emotional support. The Well-Rounded Math Student helps mathematics teachers in Grades K-12 foster both their students′ academic prowess and their social and emotional development. Through the lens of the Standards for Mathematical Practice, the book emphasizes the importance of intentionally teaching and promoting intrapersonal and interpersonal skills, or "Next Generation" skills, alongside mathematical concepts. The authors provide step-by-step guidance on how small adjustments in lesson planning can have a profound impact on students′ growth. Providing teachers with a new lens to leverage in their planning as well as concrete ways to use their mathematics lessons to explicitly teach and reinforce social and emotional competencies, this book: Holds a strengths-based mindset and approach—for both teachers and students Highlights the importance of the science and the art of teaching to enhance social development, human connection, classroom management, and community within classrooms Stresses that the overarching goal of education is to help students become responsible adults who are ready for their future Includes a lesson planning guide, competency builder activities, vignettes of enhanced lessons across grade bands, reflection questions, and suggestions for taking action The Well-Rounded Math Student bridges critical intrapersonal and interpersonal elements to help educators create an environment where students excel in math and develop the life skills they’ll carry forever.
The Wellbeing of Nations
by David J. Hand Paul AllinWhat is national wellbeing and what is progress? Why measure these definitions? Why are measures beyond economic performance needed and how will they be used? How do we measure national wellbeing & turn the definitions into observable quantities? Where are we now and where to next? These questions are asked and answered in this much needed, timely book. The Wellbeing of Nations provides an accessible and comprehensive overview of the measurement of national well-being, examining whether national wellbeing is more than the sum of the wellbeing of everyone in the country, and identifying and reviewing requirements for new measures. It begins with definitions, describes how to operationalize those definitions, and takes a critical look at the uses to which such measures are to be put. The authors examine initiatives from around the world, using the UK 'measuring national wellbeing programme' as a case study throughout the book, along with case studies drawn from other countries, as well as discussion of the position in some countries not yet drawn into the national wellbeing scene.
The Whole Truth About Whole Numbers
by Sylvia Forman Agnes M. RashThe Whole Truth About Whole Numbers is an introduction to the field of Number Theory for students in non-math and non-science majors who have studied at least two years of high school algebra. Rather than giving brief introductions to a wide variety of topics, this book provides an in-depth introduction to the field of Number Theory. The topics covered are many of those included in an introductory Number Theory course for mathematics majors, but the presentation is carefully tailored to meet the needs of elementary education, liberal arts, and other non-mathematical majors. The text covers logic and proofs, as well as major concepts in Number Theory, and contains an abundance of worked examples and exercises to both clearly illustrate concepts and evaluate the students' mastery of the material.
The Why of Things: Causality in Science, Medicine, and Life
by Peter RabinsWhy was there a meltdown at the Fukushima power plant? Why do some people get cancer and not others? Why is global warming happening? Why does one person get depressed in the face of life's vicissitudes while another finds resilience? Questions like these—questions of causality—form the basis of modern scientific inquiry, posing profound intellectual and methodological challenges for researchers in the physical, natural, biomedical, and social sciences. In this groundbreaking book, noted psychiatrist and author Peter Rabins offers a conceptual framework for analyzing daunting questions of causality. Navigating a lively intellectual voyage between the shoals of strict reductionism and relativism, Rabins maps a three-facet model of causality and applies it to a variety of questions in science, medicine, economics, and more. Throughout this book, Rabins situates his argument within relevant scientific contexts, such as quantum mechanics, cybernetics, chaos theory, and epigenetics. A renowned communicator of complex concepts and scientific ideas, Rabins helps readers stretch their minds beyond the realm of popular literary tipping points, blinks, and freakonomic explanations of the world.
The Work of Raymond J. Carroll
by Marie Davidian Xihong Lin Jeffrey S. Morris Leonard A. StefanskiThis volume contains Raymond J Carroll's research and commentary on its impact by leading statisticians. Each of the seven main parts focuses on a key research area: Measurement Error, Transformation and Weighting, Epidemiology, Nonparametric and Semiparametric Regression for Independent Data, Nonparametric and Semiparametric Regression for Dependent Data, Robustness, and other work. The seven subject areas reviewed in this book were chosen by Ray himself, as were the articles representing each area. The commentaries not only review Ray's work, but are also filled with history and anecdotes. Raymond J. Carroll's impact on statistics and numerous other fields of science is far-reaching. His vast catalog of work spans from fundamental contributions to statistical theory to innovative methodological development and new insights in disciplinary science. From the outset of his career, rather than taking the "safe" route of pursuing incremental advances, Ray has focused on tackling the most important challenges. In doing so, it is fair to say that he has defined a host of statistics areas, including weighting and transformation in regression, measurement error modeling, quantitative methods for nutritional epidemiology and non- and semiparametric regression.
The Works of Archimedes: Edited In Modern Notation With Introductory Chapters (Dover Books on Mathematics)
by Archimedes Thomas HeathThe complete works of antiquity's great geometer appear here in a highly accessible English translation by a distinguished scholar. Remarkable for his range of thought and his mastery of treatment, Archimedes addressed such topics as the famous problems of the ratio of the areas of a cylinder and an inscribed sphere; the measurement of a circle; the properties of conoids, spheroids, and spirals; and the quadrature of the parabola. This edition offers an informative introduction with many valuable insights into the ancient mathematician's life and thought as well as the views of his contemporaries. Modern mathematicians, physicists, science historians, and logicians will find this volume a source of timeless fascination.
The World According to Wavelets: The Story of a Mathematical Technique in the Making, Second Edition
by Barbara Burke HubbardThis best-selling book introduces a broad audience including scientists and engineers working in a variety of fields as well as mathematicians from other subspecialties to one of the most active new areas of applied mathematics and the story of its discovery and development. Organized in hypertext fashion, the book tells a story of scientific dis
The World Inequality Report: 2018
by Facundo AlvaredoThe World Inequality Report: 2018 is the most authoritative and up-to-date account of global trends in inequality. Researched, compiled, and written by a team of the world’s leading economists of inequality, it presents—with unrivaled clarity and depth—information and analysis that will be vital to policy makers and scholars everywhere. Inequality has taken center stage in public debate as the wealthiest people in most parts of the world have seen their share of the economy soar relative to that of others, many of whom, especially in the West, have experienced stagnation. The resulting political and social pressures have posed harsh new challenges for governments and created a pressing demand for reliable data. The World Inequality Lab at the Paris School of Economics and the University of California, Berkeley, has answered this call by coordinating research into the latest trends in the accumulation and distribution of income and wealth on every continent. This inaugural report analyzes the Lab’s findings, which include data from major countries where information has traditionally been difficult to acquire, such as China, India, and Brazil. Among nations, inequality has been decreasing as traditionally poor countries’ economies have caught up with the West. The report shows, however, that inequality has been steadily deepening within almost every nation, though national trajectories vary, suggesting the importance of institutional and policy frameworks in shaping inequality. The World Inequality Report: 2018 will be a key document for anyone concerned about one of the most imperative and contentious subjects in contemporary politics and economics.
The World in the Model
by Mary S. MorganDuring the last two centuries, the way economic science is done has changed radically: it has become a social science based on mathematical models in place of words. This book describes and analyses that change - both historically and philosophically - using a series of case studies to illuminate the nature and the implications of these changes. It is not a technical book; it is written for the intelligent person who wants to understand how economics works from the inside out. This book will be of interest to economists and science studies scholars (historians, sociologists and philosophers of science). But it also aims at a wider readership in the public intellectual sphere, building on the current interest in all things economic and on the recent failure of the so-called economic model, which has shaped our beliefs and the world we live in.
The World of Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Mathematician of God (Johns Hopkins Studies in the History of Mathematics #2)
by Massimo MazzottiThe fascinating true story of mathematician Maria Agnesi.She is best known for her curve, the witch of Agnesi, which appears in almost all high school and undergraduate math books. She was a child prodigy who frequented the salon circuit, discussing mathematics, philosophy, history, and music in multiple languages. She wrote one of the first vernacular textbooks on calculus and was appointed chair of mathematics at the university in Bologna. In later years, however, she became a prominent figure within the Catholic Enlightenment, gave up academics, and devoted herself to the poor, the sick, the hungry, and the homeless. Indeed, the life of Maria Agnesi reveals a complex and enigmatic figure—one of the most fascinating characters in the history of mathematics. Using newly discovered archival documents, Massimo Mazzotti reconstructs the wide spectrum of Agnesi's social experience and examines her relationships to various traditions—religious, political, social, and mathematical. This meticulous study shows how she and her fellow Enlightenment Catholics modified tradition in an effort to reconcile aspects of modern philosophy and science with traditional morality and theology.Mazzotti's original and provocative investigation is also the first targeted study of the Catholic Enlightenment and its influence on modern science. He argues that Agnesi's life is the perfect lens through which we can gain a greater understanding of mid-eighteenth-century cultural trends in continental Europe.
The World the Game Theorists Made
by Paul EriksonIn recent decades game theory--the mathematics of rational decision-making by interacting individuals--has assumed a central place in our understanding of capitalist markets, the evolution of social behavior in animals, and even the ethics of altruism and fairness in human beings. With game theory's ubiquity, however, has come a great deal of misunderstanding. Critics of the contemporary social sciences view it as part of an unwelcome trend toward the marginalization of historicist and interpretive styles of inquiry, and many accuse its proponents of presenting a thin and empirically dubious view of human choice. The World the Game Theorists Made seeks to explain the ascendency of game theory, focusing on the poorly understood period between the publication of John von Neumann and Oscar Morgenstern's seminal Theory of Games and Economic Behavior in 1944 and the theory's revival in economics in the 1980s. Drawing on a diverse collection of institutional archives, personal correspondence and papers, and interviews, Paul Erickson shows how game theory offered social scientists, biologists, military strategists, and others a common, flexible language that could facilitate wide-ranging thought and debate on some of the most critical issues of the day.
The World through the Lens of Mathematics
by Natali Hritonenko Yuri YatsenkoHundreds of meticulously crafted mathematical problems and puzzles in this book are incorporated into fascinating stories about our world. These wor(l)d problems are grouped by their mathematical concepts such that the titles of sections and chapters combine both mathematical and applied terms, hinting at the topics covered. Detailed solutions conclude each section. Following in the success of the authors’ previous book, USA Through the Lens of Mathematics, this text contributes to the novel pedagogical call for a more multidisciplinary approach in education. The various types of questions posed in The World through the Lens of Mathematics are stimulating, entertaining, and educational. Their main objective is to provide a thorough review of the fundamental concepts of algebra and geometry, reduce mathematical anxiety, and emphasize the applicability and versatility of mathematics. Working these problems shatters the barriers between the students and mathematics by encouraging them to look at the subject from a different perspective. Students are simultaneously enriched with new knowledge of historical events, customs, and geography of countries around the world, each one of which is mentioned throughout the pages of this book.
The World's Worst Problems
by Walter DoddsThis book addresses the worst problems currently facing humanity and those that may pose future threats. The problems are explained and approached through a scientific lens, and categorized based on data involving global mortality, vulnerability, and threat level. The book presents indices of problem severity to compare relative intensity of current and potential crises. The approach avoids emotional argument using mainly empirical evidence to support the classification of relative problem severity. The author discusses multiple global problems and ranks them. He also explores specific solutions to each problem, links problems to human behavior from a social science perspective, considers international cooperation, and finally pathways to solutions.The book discusses confirmation bias and why this necessitates a scientific approach to tackle problems. The moral assumption that each person has the same rights to life and minimal suffering, and that the natural world has a right to exist, forms the basis of ranking problems based on death, suffering, and harm to the natural world. A focus is given to potential disasters such as asteroid collisions and super-volcanic eruptions, which are then presented in chapters that address specific contemporary global issues including disease, hunger, nuclear weapons and climate change. Furthermore the author then ranks the problems based on an index of problem severity, considering what other people think the worst problems are. The relative economic costs to solve each of these problems, individual behavior in the face of these problems, how people could work together internationally to combat them, and a general pathway toward solutions form the basis of the final chapters. This work will appeal to a wide range of readers, students considering how they can help the world, and scientists and policy makers interested in global problem solving.
The World-Time Parallel: Tense and Modality in Logic and Metaphysics
by A. A. Rini M. J CresswellIs what could have happened but never did as real as what did happen? What did happen, but isn't happening now, happened at another time. Analogously, one can say that what could have happened happens in another possible world. Whatever their views about the reality of such things as possible worlds, philosophers need to take this analogy seriously. Adriane Rini and Max Cresswell exhibit, in an easy step-by-step manner, the logical structure of temporal and modal discourse, and show that every temporal construction has an exact parallel that requires a language that can refer to worlds, and vice versa. They make precise, in a way which can be articulated and tested, the claim that the parallel is at work behind even ordinary talk about time and modality. The book gives metaphysicians a sturdy framework for the investigation of time and modality – one that does not presuppose any particular metaphysical view.
The Worldwide Face of Elder Abuse
by Pamela B. Teaster Elizabeth Podnieks Georgia J. AnetzbergerThis book provides a picture of the abuse of older adults, organized by World Health Region and locating the problem within an area’s historic and present societal treatment of older persons. An actual and emblematic case study of the abuse of an older adult frames each chapter. Using the case study as a touchstone, each chapter guides the reader’s understanding of elder abuse in the region or country through the use of empirical data and research on the problem, explaining its usefulness and limitations as well as guiding frameworks utilized to address the problem. The book highlights the efforts of leading figures in each area or region who are addressing the problem, explaining existing policies and future initiatives to address the abuse of older adults. By providing a holistic and person-centered picture of the issue and problem of elder abuse, based on actual experiences as well as national and international statistics and research and politics and policy, this book is an invaluable resource for students, academics, social service practitioners, health professionals, law enforcement, and policymakers around the world.
The Wraparound Universe
by Jean-Pierre LuminetWhat shape is the universe? Is it curved and closed in on itself? Is it expanding? Where is it headed? Could space be wrapped around itself, such that it produces ghost images of faraway galaxies? Such are the questions posed by Jean-Pierre Luminet in The Wraparound Universe, which he then addresses in clear and accessible language. An expert in bl
The XFT Quadrature in Discrete Fourier Analysis (Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis)
by Rafael G. CamposThis book has two main objectives, the first of which is to extend the power of numerical Fourier analysis and to show by means of theoretical examples and numerous concrete applications that when computing discrete Fourier transforms of periodic and non periodic functions, the usual kernel matrix of the Fourier transform, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), should be replaced by another kernel matrix, the eXtended Fourier transform (XFT), since the XFT matrix appears as a convergent quadrature of a more general transform, the fractional Fourier transform. In turn, the book’s second goal is to present the XFT matrix as a finite-dimensional transformation that links certain discrete operators in the same way that the corresponding continuous operators are related by the Fourier transform, and to show that the XFT matrix accordingly generates sequences of matrix operators that represent continuum operators, and which allow these operators to be studied from another perspective.
The Years of High Econometrics: A Short History of the Generation that Reinvented Economics (Routledge Studies in the History of Economics)
by Francisco LouçãA fascinating and comprehensive history, this book explores the most important transformation in twentieth century economics: the creation of econometrics. Containing fresh archival material that has not been published before and taking Ragnar Frisch as the narrator, Francisco Louca discusses both the keys events - the establishment of the Econometric Society, the Cowles Commission and the journal Econometrica – and the major players - economists like Wesley Mitchell, mathematicians like John von Neumann and statisticians like Karl Pearson - in history that shaped the development of econometrics. He discusses the evolution of their thought, detailing the debates, the quarrels and the interrogations that crystallized their work and even offers a conclusion of sorts, suggesting that some of the more influential thinkers abandoned econometrics or became critical of its development. International in scope and appeal, The Years of High Econometrics is an excellent accompaniment for students taking courses on probability, econometric methods and the history of economic thought.
The Yield Curve and Financial Risk Premia: Implications for Monetary Policy
by Felix GeigerThe determinants of yield curve dynamics have been thoroughly discussed in finance models. However, little can be said about the macroeconomic factors behind the movements of short- and long-term interest rates as well as the risk compensation demanded by financial investors. By taking on a macro-finance perspective, the book's approach explicitly acknowledges the close feedback between monetary policy, the macroeconomy and financial conditions. Both theoretical and empirical models are applied in order to get a profound understanding of the interlinkages between economic activity, the conduct of monetary policy and the underlying macroeconomic factors of bond price movements. Moreover, the book identifies a broad risk-taking channel of monetary transmission which allows a reassessment of the role of financial constraints; it enables policy makers to develop new guidelines for monetary policy and for financial supervision of how to cope with evolving financial imbalances.
The Yield Curve and Financial Risk Premia: Implications for Monetary Policy (Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems #654)
by Felix GeigerThe determinants of yield curve dynamics have been thoroughly discussed in finance models. However, little can be said about the macroeconomic factors behind the movements of short- and long-term interest rates as well as the risk compensation demanded by financial investors. By taking on a macro-finance perspective, the book’s approach explicitly acknowledges the close feedback between monetary policy, the macroeconomy and financial conditions. Both theoretical and empirical models are applied in order to get a profound understanding of the interlinkages between economic activity, the conduct of monetary policy and the underlying macroeconomic factors of bond price movements. Moreover, the book identifies a broad risk-taking channel of monetary transmission which allows a reassessment of the role of financial constraints; it enables policy makers to develop new guidelines for monetary policy and for financial supervision of how to cope with evolving financial imbalances.