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Tracing the Life Cycle of Ideas in the Humanities and Social Sciences: A Portrait Of A Discipline Through Analyses Of Scientific Literature (Quantitative Methods in the Humanities and Social Sciences)
by Arjuna TuzziThis book demonstrates how quantitative methods for text analysis can successfully combine with qualitative methods in the study of different disciplines of the Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS). The book focuses on learning about the evolution of ideas of HSS disciplines through a distant reading of the contents conveyed by scientific literature, in order to retrieve the most relevant topics being debated over time. Quantitative methods, statistical techniques and software packages are used to identify and study the main subject matters of a discipline from raw textual data, both in the past and today. The book also deals with the concept of quality of life of words and aims to foster a discussion about the life cycle of scientific ideas. Textual data retrieved from large corpora pose interesting challenges for any data analysis method and today represent a growing area of research in many fields. New problems emerge from the growing availability of large databases and new methods are needed to retrieve significant information from those large information sources. This book can be used to explain how quantitative methods can be part of the research instrumentation and the "toolbox" of scholars of Humanities and Social Sciences. The book contains numerous examples and a description of the main methods in use, with references to literature and available software. Most of the chapters of the book have been written in a non-technical language for HSS researchers without mathematical, computer or statistical backgrounds.
Tracking Animals (Real World Math Ser.)
by Paige TowlerFollow the paw prints and get ready to use math to track animals!1 paw print … 2 paw prints … 3! Scientists use math every day to track animals. Join a real animal tracker to COUNT in the rainforest, ADD animals on the savanna, MEASURE in the ocean, and more. Then test your math skills with special You Can Do It challenges.This brand-new series demonstrates how math skills can be applied to high-interest topics and careers in Coding, Building, Tracking Animals, and Space Exploration. The K-2 math concepts include counting 1-100 with basic addition and subtraction, using the power of 10, measuring, and simple geometry. Real world scientists, architects, programmers, and mathematicians model hands-on, from-the-field experiences in a way that will make children excited to use and expand their math skills!
Tractability
by Lucas Bordeaux Youssef Hamadi Pushmeet KohliClassical computer science textbooks tell us that some problems are 'hard'. Yet many areas, from machine learning and computer vision, to theorem proving and software verification, have defined their own set of tools for effectively solving complex problems. Tractability provides an overview of these different techniques, and of the fundamental concepts and properties used to tame intractability. This book will help you understand what to do when facing a hard computational problem. Can the problem be modelled by convex, or submodular functions? Will the instances arising in practice be of low treewidth, or exhibit another specific graph structure that makes them easy? Is it acceptable to use scalable, but approximate algorithms? A wide range of approaches is presented through self-contained chapters written by authoritative researchers on each topic. As a reference on a core problem in computer science, this book will appeal to theoreticians and practitioners alike.
Tractable Models of Solid Mechanics
by Oleg V. Gendelman Leonid I. ManevitchThis book describes significant tractable models used in solid mechanics - classical models used in modern mechanics as well as new ones. The models are selected to illustrate the main ideas which allow scientists to describe complicated effects in a simple manner and to clarify basic notations of solid mechanics. A model is considered to be tractable if it is based on clear physical assumptions which allow the selection of significant effects and relatively simple mathematical formulations. The first part of the book briefly reviews classical tractable models for a simple description of complex effects developed from the 18th to the 20th century and widely used in modern mechanics. The second part describes systematically the new tractable models used today for the treatment of increasingly complex mechanical objects - from systems with two degrees of freedom to three-dimensional continuous objects.
The Trade Impact of European Union Preferential Policies
by Luca De Benedictis Luca SalvaticiThe book investigates the EU preferential trade policy and, in particular, the impact it had on trade flows from developing countries. It shows that the capability of the "trade as aid" model to deliver its expected benefits to these countries crucially differs between preferential schemes and sectors. The book takes an eclectic but rigorous approach to the econometric analysis by combining different specifications of the gravity model. An in-depth presentation of the gravity model is also included, providing significant insights into the distinctive features of this technique and its state-of-art implementation. The evidence produced in the book is extensively applied to the analysis of the EU preferential policies with substantial suggestions for future improvement. Additional electronic material to replicate the book's analysis (datasets and Gams and Stata 9.0 routines) can be found in the Extra Materials menu on the website of the book.
Trading Bases
by Joe PetaAn ex-Wall Street trader improved on Moneyball's famed sabermetrics and beat the Vegas odds with his own betting methods. Here is the story of how Joe Peta turned fantasy baseball into a dream come true. Joe Peta turned his back on his Wall Street trading career to pursue an ingenious--and incredibly risky--dream. He would apply his risk-analysis skills to Major League Baseball, and treat the sport like the S&P 500. In Trading Bases, Peta takes us on his journey from the ballpark in San Francisco to the trading floors and baseball bars of New York and the sportsbooks of Las Vegas, telling the story of how he created a baseball "hedge fund" with an astounding 41 percent return in his first year. And he explains the unique methods he developed. Along the way, Peta provides insight into the Wall Street crisis he managed to escape: the fragility of the midnineties investment model; the disgraced former CEO of Lehman Brothers, who recruited Peta; and the high-adrenaline atmosphere where million-dollar sports-betting pools were common.
Trading Bases
by Joe PetaAn ex-Wall Street trader improved on Moneyball's famed sabermetrics and beat the Vegas odds with his own betting methods. Here is the story of how Joe Peta turned fantasy baseball into a dream come true. Joe Peta turned his back on his Wall Street trading career to pursue an ingenious--and incredibly risky--dream. He would apply his risk-analysis skills to Major League Baseball, and treat the sport like the S&P 500. In Trading Bases, Peta takes us on his journey from the ballpark in San Francisco to the trading floors and baseball bars of New York and the sportsbooks of Las Vegas, telling the story of how he created a baseball "hedge fund" with an astounding 41 percent return in his first year. And he explains the unique methods he developed. Along the way, Peta provides insight into the Wall Street crisis he managed to escape: the fragility of the midnineties investment model; the disgraced former CEO of Lehman Brothers, who recruited Peta; and the high-adrenaline atmosphere where million-dollar sports-betting pools were common.
Trading Systems
by Renato Di LorenzoFor years, systems theory has been applied successfully in all fields of technology, but its impact on the world of finance has to date been limited. This book aims to rectify this situation. Readers will no longer be able to assert that money cannot be reliably earned on the financial markets: one might just as well say that man has never set foot on the moon. The potential reader may be frightened by the number of formulas, but can be reassured that almost all of them can be skipped. What makes the miracle of guaranteed trading success possible are the worksheets and the codes for Internet platforms which provide (at a click) functions that once had to be built with great difficulty. These worksheets and codes will be sent free of charge to anyone who requests them from the author (renato.dilorenzo1@gmail.com) as long as the request is accompanied by proof of purchase of the book, such as a photograph of the receipt taken on a mobile phone.
Traditional Chinese Medicine and Diseases: An Omics Big-data Mining Perspective (Translational Bioinformatics #18)
by Kang NingThis book focuses on the multi-omics big-data integration, the data-mining techniques and the cutting-edge omics researches in principles and applications for a deep understanding of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and diseases from the following aspects: (1) Basics about multi-omics data and analytical methods for TCM and diseases. (2) The needs of omics studies in TCM researches, and the basic background of omics research in TCM and disease. (3) Better understanding of the multi-omics big-data integration techniques. (4) Better understanding of the multi-omics big-data mining techniques, as well as with different applications, for most insights from these omics data for TCM and disease researches. (5) TCM preparation quality control for checking both prescribed and unexpected ingredients including biological and chemical ingredients. (6) TCM preparation source tracking. (7) TCM preparation network pharmacology analysis. (8) TCM analysis data resources, web services, and visualizations. (9) TCM geoherbalism examination and authentic TCM identification. Traditional Chinese Medicine has been in existence for several thousands of years, and only in recent tens of years have we realized that the researches on TCM could be profoundly boosted by the omics technologies. Devised as a book on TCM and disease researches in the omics age, this book has put the focus on data integration and data mining methods for multi-omics researches, which will be explained in detail and with supportive examples the “What”, “Why” and “How” of omics on TCM related researches. It is an attempt to bridge the gap between TCM related multi-omics big data, and the data-mining techniques, for best practice of contemporary bioinformatics and in-depth insights on the TCM related questions.
Traditional Functional-Discrete Methods for the Problems of Mathematical Physics: New Aspects
by Volodymyr Makarov Nataliya MaykoThis book is devoted to the construction and study of approximate methods for solving mathematical physics problems in canonical domains. It focuses on obtaining weighted a priori estimates of the accuracy of these methods while also considering the influence of boundary and initial conditions. This influence is quantified by means of suitable weight functions that characterize the distance of an inner point to the boundary of the domain. New results are presented on boundary and initial effects for the finite difference method for elliptic and parabolic equations, mesh schemes for equations with fractional derivatives, and the Cayley transform method for abstract differential equations in Hilbert and Banach spaces. Due to their universality and convenient implementation, the algorithms discussed throughout can be used to solve a wide range of actual problems in science and technology. The book is intended for scientists, university teachers, and graduate and postgraduate students who specialize in the field of numerical analysis.
Traditional Math: An effective strategy that teachers feel guilty using
by Barry Garelick J. R. Wilson"Despite experiencing our teaching in different times, we are both oriented to traditional math teaching. It wasn't because we were both taught that way, as some may believe, but because that method worked for us and we have seen it work for our students. It is efficient, effective, non-confusing and helped our students develop mathematical reasoning, understanding, and confidence. Most importantly it helped them to be successful." So begins the book on traditional math, which provides a glimpse of what explicit instruction looks like in the classroom for grades K through 8. Barry Garelick and J.R. Wilson are retired math teachers who describe the methods of traditionally taught math that they used in their teaching. Their descriptions serve two purposes: 1) It provides assurance to teachers who may already practice these methods that they are not alone, and 2) For others, it may provide some new ideas.
Traditional Math: An effective strategy that teachers feel guilty using
by Barry Garelick J. R. Wilson"Despite experiencing our teaching in different times, we are both oriented to traditional math teaching. It wasn't because we were both taught that way, as some may believe, but because that method worked for us and we have seen it work for our students. It is efficient, effective, non-confusing and helped our students develop mathematical reasoning, understanding, and confidence. Most importantly it helped them to be successful." So begins the book on traditional math, which provides a glimpse of what explicit instruction looks like in the classroom for grades K through 8. Barry Garelick and J.R. Wilson are retired math teachers who describe the methods of traditionally taught math that they used in their teaching. Their descriptions serve two purposes: 1) It provides assurance to teachers who may already practice these methods that they are not alone, and 2) For others, it may provide some new ideas.
Traditions of Analysis and Synthesis (Archimedes #73)
by William R. Newman Jutta SchickoreThis open access book provides a fresh perspective on analysis and synthesis across several areas of inquiry. The two operations form a primary basis of modern laboratory science, ranging from the spectrographic analysis used in practically every scientific discipline today, to the naming of entire disciplines, such as synthetic organic chemistry. Despite their acknowledged significance, however, the history of analysis, synthesis, and their relations over the longue durée is poorly understood. Several volumes have been devoted to the history of analysis and synthesis in the sense that premodern mathematicians and philosophers used the terms, but very little work has been done on the tradition of material decomposition and recomposition and its relationship to mathematics and philosophy. The present volume brings together scholars in the history of medicine, mathematics, philosophy, chemistry, and alchemy to explore the ways in which these multiple disciplines understood and used analysis and synthesis as experimental, justificatory, and conceptual tools.
Traffic and Granular Flow '13
by Mohcine Chraibi Maik Boltes Andreas Schadschneider Armin SeyfriedThis book continues the biannual series of conference proceedings, which has become a classical reference resource in traffic and granular research alike, and addresses the latest developments at the intersection of physics, engineering and computational science. These involve complex systems, in which multiple simple agents, be they vehicles or particles, give rise to surprising and fascinating phenomena. The contributions collected in these proceedings cover several research fields, all of which deal with transport. Topics include highway, pedestrian and internet traffic; granular matter; biological transport; transport networks; data acquisition; data analysis and technological applications. Different perspectives, i. e. , modeling, simulations, experiments, and phenomenological observations are considered.
Traffic and Granular Flow '17
by Samer H. HamdarThis book presents 57 peer-reviewed papers from the 12th Conference on Traffic and Granular Flow (TGF) held in Washington, DC, in July 2017. It offers a unique synthesis of the latest scientific findings made by researchers from different countries, institutions and disciplines.The research fields covered range from physics, computer science and engineering and they may be all grouped under the topic of "Traffic and Granular Flow". The main theme of the Conference was: "From Molecular Interactions to Internet of Things and Smart Cities: The Role of Technology in the Understanding and the Evolution of Particle Dynamics".
Traffic and Granular Flow 2019 (Springer Proceedings in Physics #252)
by Iker Zuriguel Angel Garcimartín Raúl Cruz HidalgoThis book gathers contributions on a variety of flowing collective systems. While primarily focusing on pedestrian dynamics, they also reflect the latest developments in areas such as vehicular traffic and granular flows and address related emerging topics such as self-propelled particles, data transport, swarm behavior, intercellular transport, and collective dynamics of biological systems. Combining fundamental research and practical applications in the various fields discussed, the book offers a valuable asset for researchers and practitioners alike.
Traffic and Random Processes
by Raffaele MauroThis book deals in a basic and systematic manner with the fundamentals of random function theory and looks at some aspects related to arrival, vehicle headway and operational speed processes at the same time. The work serves as a useful practical and educational tool and aims at providing stimulus and motivation to investigate issues of such a strong applicative interest. It has a clearly discursive and concise structure, in which numerical examples are given to clarify the applications of the suggested theoretical model. Some statistical characterizations are fully developed in order to illustrate the peculiarities of specific modeling approaches; finally, there is a useful bibliography for in-depth thematic analysis.
The Traffic Assignment Problem: Models and Methods
by Michael PatrikssonThis monograph provides both a unified account of the development of models and methods for the problem of estimating equilibrium traffic flows in urban areas and a survey of the scope and limitations of present traffic models. The development is described and analyzed by the use of the powerful instruments of nonlinear optimization and mathematical programming within the field of operations research. The first part is devoted to mathematical models for the analysis of transportation network equilibria; the second deals with methods for traffic equilibrium problems. This title will interest readers wishing to extend their knowledge of equilibrium modeling and analysis and of the foundations of efficient optimization methods adapted for the solution of large-scale models. In addition to its value to researchers, the treatment is suitable for advanced graduate courses in transportation, operations research, and quantitative economics.
Traffic Data Collection and its Standardization
by Jaume Barceló Masao KuwaharaThis book contains twelve selected papers presented at the International Workshop on Traffic Data Collection and its Standardization held on September 8-9th 2008 in Barcelona. Organized and chaired by Barcelo and Kuwahara, the workshop was intended to examine the purposes and quality of data and how it is collected and used in traffic analysis, with the overall intent of improving and standardizing the practice. Traffic data is the cornerstone to everything from the most classical traffic control analysis to the most advanced real-time control and management implementing modern Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications. These applications are primarily based on the availability of traffic data supplied by a Data Collection System which, equipped with more or less sophisticated technologies, provides measurements on the fundamental traffic variables, ideally with the required level of temporal aggregation, and perhaps, when the technology allows it, additional measurements on other variables of interest, depending on the type of application in which they will be used. The applications are in turn supported by models, and in fact the primary use of the data is to provide the input to traffic models whose quality depends on the quality, consistency, robustness, completion and other characteristics of the data.
Traffic Flow Dynamics: Data, Models and Simulation
by Arne Kesting Christian Thiemann Martin TreiberThis textbook provides a comprehensive and instructive coverage of vehicular traffic flow dynamics and modeling. It makes this fascinating interdisciplinary topic, which to date was only documented in parts by specialized monographs, accessible to a broad readership. Numerous figures and problems with solutions help the reader to quickly understand and practice the presented concepts. This book is targeted at students of physics and traffic engineering and, more generally, also at students and professionals in computer science, mathematics, and interdisciplinary topics. It also offers material for project work in programming and simulation at college and university level. The main part, after presenting different categories of traffic data, is devoted to a mathematical description of the dynamics of traffic flow, covering macroscopic models which describe traffic in terms of density, as well as microscopic many-particle models in which each particle corresponds to a vehicle and its driver. Focus chapters on traffic instabilities and model calibration/validation present these topics in a novel and systematic way. Finally, the theoretical framework is shown at work in selected applications such as traffic-state and travel-time estimation, intelligent transportation systems, traffic operations management, and a detailed physics-based model for fuel consumption and emissions.
Traffic Simulation and Data: Validation Methods and Applications
by Winnie Daamen Christine Buisson Serge P. HoogendoornA single source of information for researchers and professionals, Traffic Simulation and Data: Validation Methods and Applications offers a complete overview of traffic data collection, state estimation, calibration and validation for traffic modelling and simulation. It derives from the Multitude Project-a European Cost Action project that incorpo
Tragwerke 1: Theorie und Berechnungsmethoden statisch bestimmter Stabtragwerke (Springer-Lehrbuch)
by Wilfried B. Krätzig Reinhard Harte Konstantin Meskouris Udo WittekDas Standardlehrwerk beschäftigt sich mit der Ermittlung der Kraft- und Verformungszustände von allgemeinen, statisch bestimmten Stabtragwerken sowie von wichtigen Tragwerkstypen. Dabei vereint es die Grundlagen der technischen Mechanik mit der konzeptionellen, tragwerksspezifischen Problemlösung. Dargestellt werden die fundamentalen Abstraktions- und Arbeitsmethoden, die wesentlichen analytischen Berechnungsmethoden werden an typischen Beispielen erläutert. Die Neuauflage berücksichtigt aktuelle Normen und neue Bezeichnungen.
Tragwerke 1
by Konstantin Meskouris Reinhard Harte Udo Wittek Wilfried B. KrätzigDas Standardlehrwerk beschäftigt sich mit der Ermittlung der Kraft- und Verformungszustände von allgemeinen, statisch bestimmten Stabtragwerken sowie von wichtigen Tragwerkstypen. Dabei vereint es die Grundlagen der technischen Mechanik mit der konzeptionellen, tragwerksspezifischen Problemlösung. Dargestellt werden die fundamentalen Abstraktions- und Arbeitsmethoden, die wesentlichen analytischen Berechnungsmethoden werden an typischen Beispielen erläutert. Die Neuauflage berücksichtigt aktuelle Normen und neue Bezeichnungen.
Trails in Kinetic Theory: Foundational Aspects and Numerical Methods (SEMA SIMAI Springer Series #25)
by Giacomo Albi Sara Merino-Aceituno Alessia Nota Mattia ZanellaIn recent decades, kinetic theory - originally developed as a field of mathematical physics - has emerged as one of the most prominent fields of modern mathematics. In recent years, there has been an explosion of applications of kinetic theory to other areas of research, such as biology and social sciences. This book collects lecture notes and recent advances in the field of kinetic theory of lecturers and speakers of the School “Trails in Kinetic Theory: Foundational Aspects and Numerical Methods”, hosted at Hausdorff Institute for Mathematics (HIM) of Bonn, Germany, 2019, during the Junior Trimester Program “Kinetic Theory”. Focusing on fundamental questions in both theoretical and numerical aspects, it also presents a broad view of related problems in socioeconomic sciences, pedestrian dynamics and traffic flow management.
Trails in Modern Theoretical and Mathematical Physics: A Volume in Tribute to Giovanni Morchio
by Andrea Cintio Alessandro MichelangeliThis book celebrates the life and work of the late Giovanni Morchio (1944–2021). It features scientific and anecdotal contributions written by his former colleagues, co-authors, and students, as well as senior scientists who were active witnesses to the dramatic advances in physics and in mathematics that took place during his 50-year-long career. The volume begins with a biographical introduction, detailing Giovanni Morchio’s life and his role as a physicist, mathematician, teacher, and scientist. The core of the book covers a vast spectrum of ideas, reflecting Dr Morchio’s scientific interests. Each chapter develops a specific topic of modern research, ranging from quantum mechanics and quantum field theory to additional themes such as the connection between general relativity and Newtonian gravitation. Every contribution provides a historical retrospective, a survey of advances, an outlook of future perspectives and challenges, and an updated bibliography. The last part collects the authors’ recollections of their professional and personal interactions with Dr Morchio, in recognition of his deep achievements, his exceptional pedagogical qualities, and his praiseworthy social and pro bono commitment. Authored by physicists of international calibre covering a broad range of subjects, the book will be a valuable reference for researchers and students of theoretical and mathematical physics.