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Understanding the Mathematical Way of Thinking – The Registers of Semiotic Representations
by Raymond DuvalIn this book, Raymond Duval shows how his theory of registers of semiotic representation can be used as a tool to analyze the cognitive processes through which students develop mathematical thinking. To Duval, the analysis of mathematical knowledge is in its essence the analysis of the cognitive synergy between different kinds of semiotic representation registers, because the mathematical way of thinking and working is based on transformations of semiotic representations into others. Based on this assumption, he proposes the use of semiotics to identify and develop the specific cognitive processes required to the acquisition of mathematical knowledge. In this volume he presents a method to do so, addressing the following questions:• How to situate the registers of representation regarding the other semiotic “theories” • Why use a semio-cognitive analysis of the mathematical activity to teach mathematics • How to distinguish the different types of registers • How to organize learning tasks and activities which take into account the registers of representation • How to make an analysis of the students’ production in terms of registersBuilding upon the contributions he first presented in his classic book Sémiosis et pensée humaine, in this volume Duval focuses less on theoretical issues and more on how his theory can be used both as a tool for analysis and a working method to help mathematics teachers apply semiotics to their everyday work. He also dedicates a complete chapter to show how his theory can be applied as a new strategy to teach geometry.“Understanding the Mathematical Way of Thinking – The Registers of Semiotic Representations is an essential work for mathematics educators and mathematics teachers who look for an introduction to Raymond Duval’s cognitive theory of semiotic registers of representation, making it possible for them to see and teach mathematics with fresh eyes.”Professor Tânia M. M. Campos, PHD.
Understanding the Metaverse: Applications, Challenges, and the Future (Blockchain Technologies)
by Keshav Kaushik Gunjan ChhabraThis book highlights the numerous potentials and concerns involved with using the metaverse. Furthermore, the project discusses countermeasures to protect any firm from these risks. Insights into practical solutions may assist organizations in using this new business model by raising awareness and preparing them to improve. The book helps readers get insights into technology's future, i.e., the metaverse. The application areas of the metaverse is quite vast, but it also includes security and privacy issues. Addressing the security issues is the need of the hour. Developers are designing the applications, and users are ready to use them, but on the other side, many security issues need to be focused on. Hence, along with the applications, this book helps the reader understand these hidden security and privacy issues.
Understanding the Origin of Matter: Perspectives in Quantum Chromodynamics (Lecture Notes in Physics #999)
by David Blaschke Krzysztof Redlich Chihiro Sasaki Ludwik TurkoThis book aims at providing a solid basis for the education of the next generation of researchers in hot, dense QCD (Quantum ChromoDynamics) matter. This is a rapidly growing field at the interface of the smallest, i.e. subnuclear physics, and the largest scales, namely astrophysics and cosmology. The extensive lectures presented here are based on the material used at the training school of the European COST action THOR (Theory of hot matter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions).The book is divided in three parts covering ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, several aspects related to QCD, and simulations of QCD and heavy-ion collisions. The scientific tools and methods discussed provide graduate students with the necessary skills to understand the structure of matter under extreme conditions of high densities, temperatures, and strong fields in the collapse of massive stars or a few microseconds after the big bang. In addition to the theory, the set of lectures presents hands-on material that includes an introduction to simulation programs for heavy-ion collisions, equations of state, and transport properties.
Understanding the Physics of Particle Accelerators: A Guide to Beam Dynamics Simulations Using ZGOUBI (Particle Acceleration and Detection)
by François MéotThis open access book introduces readers to the physics of particle accelerators, by means of beam dynamics simulations and exercises using the computer code ZGOUBI. The respective chapters are organized chronologically and trace the historical development of accelerators from electrostatic columns to storage rings, to the numerous variations on resonant acceleration and focusing techniques, while also addressing side aspects such as synchrotron radiation and spin dynamics. The book offers computer simulations in which readers can manipulate, guide, and accelerate charged particles and particle beams in most types of particle accelerator. By performing these simulation exercises, they will acquire a deeper understanding of charged particle beam optics, accelerator physics and technology, as well as the why and how of when to use one technology or the other. These exercises guide readers through a virtual world of accelerator and beam simulations, and involve e.g. manipulating beams for cancer therapy, producing synchrotron radiation for condensed matter research, accelerating polarized ion beams for nuclear physics research, etc. In addition to acquiring an enhanced grasp of physics, readers will discover the basic theoretical and practical aspects of particle accelerators’ main components: guiding and focusing magnets, radio-wave accelerating cavities, wigglers, etc.
Understanding the Quality Use of Research Evidence in Education: What It Means to Use Research Well
by Mark Rickinson Lucas Walsh Joanne Gleeson Blake Cutler Connie Cirkony Mandy SalisburyThis book focuses on the question of how to understand quality use of research evidence in education, or what it means to use research evidence well. Internationally there are widespread efforts to increase the use of research evidence within educational policy and practice. Such efforts raise important questions about how we understand not just the quality of evidence, but also the quality of its use. To date, there has been wide-ranging debate about the former, but very little dialogue about the latter. Based on a five-year study with schools and school systems in Australia, this book sheds new light on: why clarity about quality of use is critical to educational improvement; how quality use of research evidence can be framed in education; what using research well involves and looks like in practice; what quality research use means for individuals, organisations and systems; and what aspects of using research well still need to be better understood. This book will be an invaluable resource for professionals within and beyond education who want to better understand what using research evidence well means and involves and how it can be supported.
Understanding the Role of Business Analytics: Some Applications
by Jochen Wirtz Hardeep Chahal Jeevan JyotiThis book encompasses empirical evidences to understand the application of data analytical techniques in emerging contexts. Varied studies relating to manufacturing and services sectors including healthcare, banking, information technology, power, education sector etc. stresses upon the systematic approach followed in applying the data analytical techniques; and also analyses how these techniques are effective in decision-making in different contexts. Especially, the application of regression modeling, financial modelling, multi-group modeling, cluster analysis, and sentiment analysis will help the readers in understanding critical business scenarios in the best possible way, and which later can help them in arriving at best solution for the business related problems. The individual chapters will help the readers in understanding the role of specific data analytic tools and techniques in resolving business operational issues experienced in manufacturing and service organisations in India and in developing countries. The book offers a relevant resource that will help readers in the application and interpretation of data analytical statistical practices relating to emerging issues like customer experience, marketing capability, quality of manufactured products, strategic orientation, high-performance human resource policy, employee resilience, financial resources, etc. This book will be of interest to a professional audience that include practitioners, policy makers, NGOs, managers and employees as well as academicians, researchers and students.
Underwater Acoustic Channel
by Junying Hui Xueli ShengThis book introduces sonar system and acoustic channel model, average energy channel, coherent multipath channel, the theoretical basis for the stochastic time-varying space-variant channel, slowly time-varying coherent multipath channel, and reverberation channel. Based on the basic theory of underwater acoustic channels and the various characteristics of the marine acoustic environment factor, this textbook aims to help students understand the impact of the marine acoustic channel on the sonar system. It helps students to grasp underwater acoustic signal processing principles and obtain the ability to solve practical problems in underwater acoustic channel engineering. Finally, it aims at laying a foundation for the further sonar system design. This textbook is recommended for graduate or undergraduate students in the field of sonar signal processing, underwater acoustic engineering, as well as some related subjects of marine technology.
Underwater Counting: Even Numbers (Jerry Pallotta's Counting Books)
by Jerry PallottaThere's something fishy about this book . . .Facts and figures to fill an ocean! Learn to count from zero to fifty, counting even numbers by two. Sound complicated? Not so, with page after page of unique and fascinating sea creatures to discover. Four odd-looking Clown Triggerfish help make counting fun and, although they have been extinct for millions of years, you can count thirty-two fierce-looking Elasmosaurs.Jerry Pallotta's signature kid-friendly text, packed with fun facts, makes learning a kid's favorite pastime. With fun and informative books such as UNDERWATER COUNTING, kids--like fish--are sure to stay in school.Breathtaking and distinctive illustrations bring the vivid hues of the deep sea and the gentle green-blues of the sun-lit ocean's surface to life. UNDERWATER COUNTING will spark the interest of budding oceanographers and mathematicians.
Undiluted Hocus-Pocus: The Autobiography of Martin Gardner
by Martin GardnerThe autobiography of the beloved writer who inspired a generation to study math and scienceMartin Gardner wrote the Mathematical Games column for Scientific American for twenty-five years and published more than seventy books on topics as diverse as magic, religion, and Alice in Wonderland. Gardner's illuminating autobiography is a candid self-portrait by the man evolutionary theorist Stephen Jay Gould called our "single brightest beacon" for the defense of rationality and good science against mysticism and anti-intellectualism.Gardner takes readers from his childhood in Oklahoma to his varied and wide-ranging professional pursuits. He shares colorful anecdotes about the many fascinating people he met and mentored, and voices strong opinions on the subjects that matter to him most, from his love of mathematics to his uncompromising stance against pseudoscience. For Gardner, our mathematically structured universe is undiluted hocus-pocus—a marvelous enigma, in other words.Undiluted Hocus-Pocus offers a rare, intimate look at Gardner’s life and work, and the experiences that shaped both.
Undocumented Migration
by Roberto G. Gonzales Nando Sigona Anna Papoutsi Martha C. FrancoUndocumented migration is a global and yet elusive phenomenon. Despite contemporary efforts to patrol national borders and mass deportation programs, it remains firmly placed at the top of the political agenda in many countries where it receives hostile media coverage and generates fierce debate. However, as this much-needed book makes clear, unauthorized movement should not be confused or crudely assimilated with the social reality of growing numbers of large, settled populations lacking full citizenship and experiencing precarious lives. From the journeys migrants take to the lives they seek on arrival and beyond, Undocumented Migration provides a comparative view of how this phenomenon plays out, looking in particular at the United States and Europe. Drawing on their extensive expertise, the authors breathe life into the various issues and debates surrounding migration, including the experiences and voices of migrants themselves, to offer a critical analysis of a hidden and too often misrepresented population.
Undocumented Secrets of MATLAB-Java Programming
by Yair M. AltmanFor a variety of reasons, the MATLAB-Java interface was never fully documented. This is really quite unfortunate: Java is one of the most widely used programming languages, having many times the number of programmers and programming resources as MATLAB. Also unfortunate is the popular claim that while MATLAB is a fine programming platform for proto
Une journée équitable à la foire pour Tommy
by Linda HendersonLa foire promet des expériences intéressantes pour les jeunes et les moins jeunes. Tommy aime particulièrement les manèges et les animaux de la foire. Il aimait aussi faire des additions dans sa tête. C'est ainsi qu'il a découvert qu'il y avait beaucoup de choses à additionner à la foire. Alors qu'il écoutait son oncle Albert calculer le prix des tickets d'entrée, celui-ci lui a donné une leçon de vie sur l'importance de traiter les gens de manière juste et équitable. Nous pouvons tous tirer des leçons de ce que l'oncle Albert a dit à Tommy. Dans ce livre facile à lire pour les 6-8 ans, les enfants peuvent s'amuser avec Tommy et sa famille pendant qu'ils parcourent le champ de foire. Ils peuvent exercer leur esprit en pratiquant les mathématiques. Et à la fin du livre, les enfants découvrent celui qui nous considère tous comme des êtres égaux !
Uneducated Guesses: Using Evidence to Uncover Misguided Education Policies
by Howard WainerWhat statistical evidence shows us about our misguided educational policiesUneducated Guesses challenges everything our policymakers thought they knew about education and education reform, from how to close the achievement gap in public schools to admission standards for top universities. In this explosive book, Howard Wainer uses statistical evidence to show why some of the most widely held beliefs in education today—and the policies that have resulted—are wrong. He shows why colleges that make the SAT optional for applicants end up with underperforming students and inflated national rankings, and why the push to substitute achievement tests for aptitude tests makes no sense. Wainer challenges the thinking behind the enormous rise of advanced placement courses in high schools, and demonstrates why assessing teachers based on how well their students perform on tests—a central pillar of recent education reforms—is woefully misguided. He explains why college rankings are often lacking in hard evidence, why essay questions on tests disadvantage women, why the most grievous errors in education testing are not made by testing organizations—and much more.No one concerned about seeing our children achieve their full potential can afford to ignore this book. With forceful storytelling, wry insight, and a wealth of real-world examples, Uneducated Guesses exposes today's educational policies to the light of empirical evidence, and offers solutions for fairer and more viable future policies.
Unequal: The Maths of When Things Do and Don’t Add Up
by Eugenia ChengRead by the author.At first glance, the concept of equality in maths seems unambiguous. When we see the equality sign, we think of 'solving for x' or balancing two sides of an equation or maybe even the many famous equations that make use of this elegant, innocuous symbol.=But between those parallel lines lies a mathematical playground of choice and abstraction, leading to far greater insight than you could have dreamed. As it turns out, sameness and difference, equality and inequality, are not nearly as straightforward as they seem.=/=Unequal explores the rich and rewarding interplay between sameness and difference, from numbers to manifolds to category theory and beyond in a glorious celebration of mathematics that will change the way you look at maths - and the world around you - forever.This audiobook has been adapted for audio format. While all essential content is included and fully accessible through listening, a supplemental PDF is provided for additional reference. This material is not required to enjoy or understand the audiobook, but may offer helpful context or be of interest to listeners.
Unexpected Expectations: The Curiosities of a Mathematical Crystal Ball
by Leonard M. WapnerUnexpected Expectations: The Curiosities of a Mathematical Crystal Ball explores how paradoxical challenges involving mathematical expectation often necessitate a reexamination of basic premises. The author takes you through mathematical paradoxes associated with seemingly straightforward applications of mathematical expectation and shows how these
Unified Growth Theory
by Oded GalorFor most of the vast span of human history, economic growth was all but nonexistent. Then, about two centuries ago, some nations began to emerge from this epoch of economic stagnation, experiencing sustained economic growth that led to significant increases in standards of living and profoundly altered the level and distribution of wealth, population, education, and health across the globe. The question ever since has been--why? This is the first book to put forward a unified theory of economic growth that accounts for the entire growth process, from the dawn of civilization to today. Oded Galor, who founded the field of unified growth theory, identifies the historical and prehistorical forces behind the differential transition timing from stagnation to growth and the emergence of income disparity around the world. Galor shows how the interaction between technological progress and population ultimately raised the importance of education in coping with the rapidly changing technological environment, brought about significant reduction in fertility rates, and enabled some economies to devote greater resources toward a steady increase in per capita income, paving the way for sustained economic growth. Presents a unified theory of economic growth from the dawn of civilization to today Explains the worldwide disparities in living standards and population we see today Provides a comprehensive overview of the three phases of the development process Analyzes the Malthusian theory and its empirical support Examines theories of demographic transition and their empirical significance Explores the interaction between economic development and human evolution
Unified Lagrangian Formulation for Fluid and Solid Mechanics, Fluid-Structure Interaction and Coupled Thermal Problems Using the PFEM
by Alessandro FranciThis book treats the derivation and implementation of a unified particle finite element formulation for the solution of fluid and solid mechanics, Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) and coupled thermal problems. FSI problems are involved in many engineering branches, from aeronautics to civil and biomedical engineering. The numerical method proposed in this book has been designed to deal with a large part of these. In particular, it is capable of simulating accurately free-surface fluids interacting with structures that may undergo large displacements, suffer from thermo-plastic deformations and even melt. The method accuracy has been successfully verified in several numerical examples. The thesis also contains the application of the proposed numerical strategy for the simulation of a real industrial problem. This thesis, defended at the Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya in 2015, was selected (ex aequo) as the best PhD thesis in numerical methods in Spain for the year 2015 by the Spanish Society of Numerical Methods in Engineering (SEMNI).
Unified Signal Theory
by Gianfranco CariolaroUnified Signal Theory is an indispensible textbook dealing with the theory of deterministic signals; a topic of fundamental interest to graduates and senior undergraduates in the areas of information engineering (telecommunications, control, systems theory and electronics), astronomy, oceanography, earth science, biology and medicine. The unified theory follows an innovative approach - that of combining all signal classes into just one. The fundamental signal operations (convolution, Fourier transform, linear systems, sampling and interpolation) are established simultaneously for all the signal classes. This unified approach avoids the repetition of similar concepts consequent on other approaches' separate treatment of definitions and properties for each signal class. Modern wavelet ideas are developed in harmony with the rest of the text. Unified Signal Theory provides: * exercises and examples, to give the student practice; * solutions which are available for download and save the tutor time; and * a choice of two suggested reading paths depending on the level of the student, for an enhanced learning experience. The advantages of the unified approach are many: it permits a global vision of the topic, it is economical in teaching and learning, and it can be adjusted easily to fit new applications. This textbook presents the theory in five chapters, and goes on to demonstrate specific applications such as fast Fourier transform implementation, sampling and reconstructions of signals, and multicolor modulation systems, in a further six chapters. Mathematical concepts are introduced conceptually within the body of the book with more rigorous treatment being reserved for the appendices.
Unified Theory for Fractional and Entire Differential Operators: An Approach via Differential Quadruplets and Boundary Restriction Operators (Frontiers in Mathematics)
by Arnaud RougirelThis monograph proposes a unified theory of the calculus of fractional and standard derivatives by means of an abstract operator-theoretic approach. By highlighting the axiomatic properties shared by standard derivatives, Riemann-Liouville and Caputo derivatives, the author introduces two new classes of objects. The first class concerns differential triplets and differential quadruplets; the second concerns boundary restriction operators. Instances of boundary restriction operators can be generalized fractional differential operators supplemented with homogeneous boundary conditions. The analysis of these operators comprises: The computation of adjoint operators; The definition of abstract boundary values; The solvability of equations supplemented with inhomogeneous abstract linear boundary conditions; The analysis of fractional inhomogeneous Dirichlet Problems. As a result of this approach, two striking consequences are highlighted: Riemann-Liouville and Caputo operators appear to differ only by their boundary conditions; and the boundary values of functions in the domain of fractional operators are closely related to their kernel. Unified Theory for Fractional and Entire Differential Operators will appeal to researchers in analysis and those who work with fractional derivatives. It is mostly self-contained, covering the necessary background in functional analysis and fractional calculus.
Uniform Distribution of Sequences (Dover Books on Mathematics)
by L. Kuipers H. NiederreiterThe theory of uniform distribution began with Hermann Weyl's celebrated paper of 1916. In later decades, the theory moved beyond its roots in diophantine approximations to provide common ground for topics as diverse as number theory, probability theory, functional analysis, and topological algebra. This book summarizes the theory's development from its beginnings to the mid-1970s, with comprehensive coverage of both methods and their underlying principles.A practical introduction for students of number theory and analysis as well as a reference for researchers in the field, this book covers uniform distribution in compact spaces and in topological groups, in addition to examinations of sequences of integers and polynomials. Notes at the end of each section contain pertinent bibliographical references and a brief survey of additional results. Exercises range from simple applications of theorems to proofs of propositions that expand upon results stated in the text.
Uniform Spaces and Measures
by Jan PachlThis book addresses the need for an accessible comprehensive exposition of the theory of uniform measures; the need that became more critical when recently uniform measures reemerged in new results in abstract harmonic analysis. Until now, results about uniform measures have been scattered through many papers written by a number of authors, some unpublished, written using a variety of definitions and notations. Uniform measures are certain functionals on the space of bounded uniformly continuous functions on a uniform space. They are a common generalization of several classes of measures and measure-like functionals studied in abstract and topological measure theory, probability theory, and abstract harmonic analysis. They offer a natural framework for results about topologies on spaces of measures and about the continuity of convolution of measures on topological groups and semitopological semigroups. The book is a reference for the theory of uniform measures. It includes a self-contained development of the theory with complete proofs, starting with the necessary parts of the theory of uniform spaces. It presents diverse results from many sources organized in a logical whole, and includes several new results. The book is also suitable for graduate or advanced undergraduate courses on selected topics in topology and functional analysis. The text contains a number of exercises with solution hints, and four problems with suggestions for further research.
Unifying Business, Data, and Code: Designing Data Products with JSON Schema
by Ron Itelman Juan Cruz ViottiIn the modern symphony of business, each section-from the technical to the managerial-must play in harmony. Authors Ron Itelman and Juan Cruz Viotti introduce a bold methodology to synchronize your business and technical teams, transforming them into a single, high-performing unit. Misalignment between business and technical teams halts innovation. You'll learn how to transcend the root causes of project failure-the ambiguity, knowledge gaps, and blind spots that lead to wasted efforts. The unifying methodology in this book will teach you these alignment tools and more: The four facets of data products: A simple blueprint that encapsulates data and business logic helps eliminate the most common causes of wasted time and misunderstandingThe concept compass: An easy way to identify the biggest sources of misalignmentSuccess spectrums: Define the required knowledge and road map your team needs to achieve successJSON Schema: Leverage JSON and JSON Schema to technically implement the strategy at scale, including extending JSON Schema with custom keywords, understanding JSON Schema annotations, and hosting your own schema registryData hygiene: Learn how to design high-quality datasets aligned with creating real business value, and protect your organization from the most common sources of pain
Unifying Political Methodology: The Likelihood Theory Of Statistical Inference (Techniques In Political Analysis Series)
by Gary KingThis book is about methodology in political science. Its purpose is to unify existing methods and formulate some new methods, under a general theory of statistical inference. As explained in Section 1.1, it is also intended to stimulate and centralize methodological debate in political science.
Unifying Themes In Complex Systems, Volume 2: Proceedings Of The Second International Conference On Complex Systems (New England Complex Systems Inst Ser. #Vol. 4)
by Yaneer Bar-YamThe International Conference on Complex Systems provides a unique opportunity for scientists to rise above the disciplinary boundaries and explore unity in complex systems. This volume contains the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Complex Systems. The sessions ranged from the opening talk by Nobel laureate Philip Anderson on emergence and the relevance of complex systems to physics to the final panel that included many of the great management gurus of this generation. The plenary session topics for the second conference were emergence, description and modeling, self-organization, networks, time series, agents in action, and complexity and management. Talks in these sessions often focused on contributions in specific disciplines, but each session contained a diverse set of disciplines to show the strategies and concepts that can be applied generally to complex systems. Overall, the conference presentations dealt with issues of significant public interest, including individual psychology, dynamics of social and economic change, the human genome, and ecology.The New England Complex Systems Institute is an independent educational and research institution dedicated to advancing the study of complex systems, including new concepts and methodologies that are affecting all fields of science and engineering, and are being applied to technology, business, and even social policy. NECSI organizes conferences, workshops, short courses, and other activities from which books will be produced for the NECSI Series on Complexity. The books will range from conference proceedings and graduate textbooks to general-audience trade books, and will address fundamental concepts, new frontiers, and innovative applications of complex systems.
Unifying Themes in Complex Systems IX: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Complex Systems (Springer Proceedings in Complexity)
by Yaneer Bar-Yam Ali A. Minai Alfredo J. Morales Carlos Gershenson Dan BrahaUnifying Themes in Complex Systems is a well-established series of carefully edited conference proceedings that serve to document and archive the progress made regarding cross-fertilization in this field. The International Conference on Complex Systems (ICCS) creates a unique atmosphere for scientists from all fields, engineers, physicians, executives, and a host of other professionals, allowing them to explore common themes and applications of complex systems science. With this new volume, Unifying Themes in Complex Systems continues to establish common ground between the wide-ranging domains of complex systems science.