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Fluctuation Theorems under Divergent Entropy Production and their Applications for Fundamental Problems in Statistical Physics (Springer Theses)
by Yûto MurashitaThis book presents the derivation of the fluctuation theorems with divergent entropy production and their application to fundamental problems in statistical physics. It explores the two basic aspects of the fluctuation theorems: i) Applicability in extreme situations with divergent entropy production, concluding that the fluctuation theorems remain valid under the notion of absolute irreversibility, and ii) utility in the investigation of classical enigmas in the framework of statistical physics, i.e., Gibbs and Loschmidt paradoxes. The book offers readers an overview of the research in fundamental statistical physics. Firstly it briefly but skillfully reviews the modern development of fluctuation theorems to found the key theme of the book. Secondly it concisely discusses historical issues of statistical physics in chronological order, along with the key literature in the field. They help readers easily follow the key developments in the fundamental research of statistical physics.
Fluctuations and Non-Equilibrium Phenomena in Strongly-Correlated Ultracold Atoms (Springer Theses)
by Kazuma NagaoThis book discusses non-equilibrium quantum many-body dynamics, recently explored in an analog quantum simulator of strongly correlated ultracold atoms. The first part presents a field-theoretical analysis of the experimental observability of the Higgs amplitude mode that emerges as a relativistic collective excitation near a quantum phase transition of superfluid Bose gases in an optical lattice potential. The author presents the dynamical susceptibilities to external driving of the microscopic parameters, taking into account a leading-order perturbative correction from quantum and thermal fluctuations and shows clear signatures of the Higgs mode in these observables. This is the first result that strongly supports the stability of the Higgs mode in three-dimensional optical lattices even in the presence of a spatially inhomogeneous confinement potential and paves the way for desktop observations of the Higgs mode. In the second part, the author applies the semi-classical truncated-Wigner approximation (TWA) to far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics. Specifically, he considers the recent experiments on quantum-quench dynamics in a Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator. A direct comparison shows remarkable agreement between the numerical results from TWA and the experimental data. This result clearly indicates the potential of such a semi-classical approach in reliably simulating many-body systems using classical computers. The book also includes several chapters providing comprehensive reviews of the recent studies on cold-atomic quantum simulation and various theoretical methods, including the Schwinger-boson approach in strongly correlated systems and the phase-space semi-classical method for far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics. These chapters are highly recommended to students and young researchers who are interested in semi-classical approaches in non-equilibrium quantum dynamics.
Fluctuations in Markov Processes
by Claudio Landim Stefano Olla Tomasz KomorowskiThe present volume contains the most advanced theories on the martingale approach to central limit theorems. Using the time symmetry properties of the Markov processes, the book develops the techniques that allow us to deal with infinite dimensional models that appear in statistical mechanics and engineering (interacting particle systems, homogenization in random environments, and diffusion in turbulent flows, to mention just a few applications). The first part contains a detailed exposition of the method, and can be used as a text for graduate courses. The second concerns application to exclusion processes, in which the duality methods are fully exploited. The third part is about the homogenization of diffusions in random fields, including passive tracers in turbulent flows (including the superdiffusive behavior). There are no other books in the mathematical literature that deal with this kind of approach to the problem of the central limit theorem. Hence, this volume meets the demand for a monograph on this powerful approach, now widely used in many areas of probability and mathematical physics. The book also covers the connections with and application to hydrodynamic limits and homogenization theory, so besides probability researchers it will also be of interest also to mathematical physicists and analysts.
Fluency Doesn't Just Happen in Multiplication and Division: Strategies and Models for Teaching the Basic Facts
by Nicki Newton Ann Elise Record Alison J. MelloFluency in math doesn’t just happen; it is a well-planned journey. In this book, you’ll find practical strategies and activities for teaching your elementary students basic multiplication and division.The authors lay out the basic framework for building math fluency using a cycle of engagement (concrete, pictorial, abstract) and provide a multitude of examples illustrating the strategies in action. You’ll learn how to help students to model their thinking with a variety of tools; keep students engaged through games, poems, songs, and technology; assess student development to facilitate active and continuous learning; implement distributed practices throughout the year; and boost parental involvement so that students remain encouraged even as material becomes more complex.A final chapter devoted to action plans will help you put these strategies into practice in your classroom right away. Most importantly, you’ll open the door to deep and lasting math fluency.
Fluency Doesn't Just Happen with Addition and Subtraction: Strategies and Models for Teaching the Basic Facts
by Nicki Newton Ann Elise Record Alison J. MelloFluency in math doesn’t just happen! It is a well-planned journey. In this book, you’ll find practical strategies and activities for teaching your elementary students basic addition and subtraction facts. The authors lay out the basic framework for building math fluency using a cycle of engagement (concrete, pictorial, abstract) and provide a multitude of examples illustrating the strategies in action. You’ll learn how to: help students to model their thinking with a variety of tools; keep students engaged through games, poems, songs, and technology; assess student development to facilitate active and continuous learning; implement distributed practices throughout the year; boost parental involvement so that students remain encouraged even as material becomes more complex. A final chapter devoted to action plans will help you put these strategies into practice in your classroom right away. Most importantly, you’ll open the door to deep and lasting math fluency.
Fluid Dynamics and Dynamos in Astrophysics and Geophysics (The Fluid Mechanics of Astrophysics and Geophysics)
by Christopher A. Jones David W. Hughes Andrew M. Soward Nigel O. WeissThe increasing power of computer resources along with great improvements in observational data in recent years have led to some remarkable and rapid advances in astrophysical fluid dynamics. The subject spans three distinct but overlapping communities whose interests focus on (1) accretion discs and high-energy astrophysics; (2) solar, stellar, and
Fluid Dynamics and Linear Elasticity: A First Course in Continuum Mechanics (Springer Undergraduate Mathematics Series)
by Michael S. RudermanThis book provides a concise introduction to continuum mechanics, with a particular emphasis on fluid dynamics, suitable for upper undergraduate students in applied mathematics and related subjects.Starting with a preliminary chapter on tensors, the main topic of the book begins in earnest with the chapters on continuum kinematics and dynamics. Following chapters cover linear elasticity and both incompressible and compressible fluids. Special topics of note include nonlinear acoustics and the theory of motion of viscous thermal conducting compressible fluids.Based on an undergraduate course taught for over a decade, this textbook assumes only familiarity with multivariate calculus and linear algebra. It includes many exercises with solutions and can serve as textbook for lecture courses at the undergraduate and masters level.
Fluid Dynamics via Examples and Solutions
by Sergey NazarenkoFluid Dynamics via Examples and Solutions provides a substantial set of example problems and detailed model solutions covering various phenomena and effects in fluids. The book is ideal as a supplement or exam review for undergraduate and graduate courses in fluid dynamics, continuum mechanics, turbulence, ocean and atmospheric sciences, and relate
Fluid Dynamics: Fundamentals and Applications
by Guido Visconti Paolo RuggieriThis introductory book addresses a broad range of classical Fluid Dynamics topics, interesting applications, and related problems in everyday life. The geophysical and astrophysical applications discussed concern e.g. the shape and internal structure of the Earth and stars, the dynamics of the atmosphere and ocean, hydrodynamic instabilities, and the different kinds of waves that can be found in the atmosphere, ocean and solid Earth. Non-linear waves (solitons) are also mentioned. In turn, the book explores problems from everyday life, including the motion of golf balls, life at low Reynolds numbers, the physics of sailing, and the aerodynamics of airplanes and Grand Prix cars. No book on this topic would be complete without a look at chaos and turbulence; here the problems span from Gaussian plumes to chaotic dynamos, to stochastic climate modeling. Advances in fluid dynamics have produced a wealth of numerical methods and techniques, which are used in many of the applications. Given its structure, the book can be used both for an introductory course to fluid dynamics and as preparation for more advanced problems typical of graduate-level courses.
Fluid Waves
by Richard ManassehThe book derives the mathematical basis for the most encountered waves in science and engineering. It gives the basis to undertake calculations required for important occupations such as maritime engineering, climate science, urban noise control, and medical diagnostics. The book initiates with fluid dynamics basis with subsequent chapters covering surface gravity waves, sound waves, internal gravity waves and waves in rotating fluids, and details basic phenomena such as refraction. Thereafter, specialized application chapters include description of specific contemporary problems. All concepts are supported by narrative examples, illustrations, and case studies. Features:- Explains the basis of wave mechanics in fluid systems. Provides tools for the analysis of water waves, sound waves, internal gravity, and rotating fluid waves through different examples. Includes comprehensible mathematical derivations at the expense of fewer theoretical topics. Reviews cases describable by linear theory and cases requiring nonlinear and wave-interaction theories. Supports concepts with narrative examples, illustrations, and case studies. This book aims at Senior Undergraduates/Graduate students and Researchers in Fluid Mechanics, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Physical Oceanography.
Fluid-Structure Interaction and Biomedical Applications
by Giovanni P. Galdi Tomáš Bodnár Šárka NečasováThis book presents, in a methodical way, updated and comprehensive descriptions and analyses of some of the most relevant problems in the context of fluid-structure interaction (FSI). Generally speaking, FSI is among the most popular and intriguing problems in applied sciences and includes industrial as well as biological applications. Various fundamental aspects of FSI are addressed from different perspectives, with a focus on biomedical applications. More specifically, the book presents a mathematical analysis of basic questions like the well-posedness of the relevant initial and boundary value problems, as well as the modeling and the numerical simulation of a number of fundamental phenomena related to human biology. These latter research topics include blood flow in arteries and veins, blood coagulation and speech modeling. We believe that the variety of the topics discussed, along with the different approaches used to address and solve the corresponding problems, will help readers to develop a more holistic view of the latest findings on the subject, and of the relevant open questions. For the same reason we expect the book to become a trusted companion for researchers from diverse disciplines, such as mathematics, physics, mathematical biology, bioengineering and medicine.
Fluid-Structure Interaction of Composite Structures (Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering)
by Young W. KwonThis is the first book presenting dynamic responses and failure of polymer composite structures as they interact with internal and/or external fluid media. It summarizes authoritative research carried out by the author in the past decade on various aspects of Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) to present important effects of FSI on composite structures. The topics include impact loading on composite structures with air-back, water-back, or containing water; FSI effects on frequencies, mode shapes, and modal curvatures; cyclic loading for fatigue failure with FSI; coupling of independent composite structures by fluid media; and moving composite structures in water. Numerical techniques for FSI are also presented. Research was conducted both experimentally and numerically to complement each other. The book offers a timely, comprehensive information to fluid-structure interaction of composite structures for students, researchers or practicing engineers.
Fluid-structure Interaction: Numerical Simulation Techniques for Naval Applications
by Jean-François Sigrist Cedric LeblondThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the numerical simulation of fluid–structure interaction (FSI) for application in marine engineering. <p><p> Fluid–Structure Interaction details a wide range of modeling methods (numerical, semi-analytical, empirical), calculation methods (finite element, boundary element, finite volume, lattice Boltzmann method) and numerical approaches (reduced order models and coupling strategy, among others). <p><p> Written by a group of experts and researchers from the naval sector, this book is intended for those involved in research or design who are looking to gain an overall picture of hydrodynamics, seakeeping and performance under extreme loads, noise and vibration. Using a concise, didactic approach, the book describes the ways in which numerical simulation contributes to modeling and understanding fluid–structure interaction for designing and optimizing the ships of the future.
Fluids Under Control (Advances in Mathematical Fluid Mechanics)
by Giovanni P. Galdi Tomáš Bodnár Šárka NečasováThis volume explores state-of-the-art developments in theoretical and applied fluid mechanics with a focus on stabilization and control. Chapters are based on lectures given at the summer school “Fluids under Control”, held in Prague from August 23-27, 2021. With its accessible and flexible presentation, readers will be motivated to deepen their understanding of how mathematics and physics are connected. Specific topics covered include:Stabilization of the 3D Navier-Stokes systemFlutter stabilization of flow-state systemsTurbulence controlDesign through analysis Fluids Under Control will appeal to graduate students and researchers in both mathematics and physics. Because of the applications presented, it will also be of interest to engineers working on environmental and industrial issues.
Fluids Under Pressure (Advances in Mathematical Fluid Mechanics)
by Giovanni P. Galdi Tomáš Bodnár Šárka NečasováThis contributed volume is based on talks given at the August 2016 summer school “Fluids Under Pressure,” held in Prague as part of the “Prague-Sum” series. Written by experts in their respective fields, chapters explore the complex role that pressure plays in physics, mathematical modeling, and fluid flow analysis. Specific topics covered include:Oceanic and atmospheric dynamicsIncompressible flowsViscous compressible flowsWell-posedness of the Navier-Stokes equationsWeak solutions to the Navier-Stokes equationsFluids Under Pressure will be a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers studying fluid flow dynamics.
Fluke: The Math And Myth Of Coincidence
by Joseph MazurA mathematical guide to understanding why life can seem to be one big coincidence--and why the odds of just about everything are better than we would think
Fluke: The Maths and Myths of Coincidences
by Joseph MazurWhat are the chances? This is the question we ask ourselves upon encountering seemingly impossible coincidences - the woman who won the lottery four times, the people who missed the train to work on 9/11, the man who bumped into his own brother while on holiday in Greece. But actually the odds are a lot better than any of us would have believed.Coupling lively anecdotes with clear explanations of the principles of probability, Joseph Mazur balances the fun of a great coincidence with the logical thinking of a mathematician. From clairvoyants to financial markets, and from scientific discoveries to DNA evidence, his mantra remains the same - 'If there is any likelihood that something could happen, no matter how small, it is bound to happen to someone at some time.' With a lightness of touch and a witty turn of phrase, Mazur sweeps aside pseudoscience and conspiracy theories, proving that there are rational explanations for even the most extraordinary series of events.
Fluvial Hydrodynamics: Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Phenomena (GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences)
by Subhasish DeyThis revised second edition of the book presents an improvement of the original version in terms of recent research, corrections, and outline. The state of the art in fluvial hydrodynamics can be examined only through a careful exploration of the theoretical development and applied engineering technology. This second, updated edition focuses, since most up-to-date research findings in the field are presented, on the research aspects that involve a comprehensive knowledge of sediment dynamics in turbulent flows. It begins with the fundamentals of hydrodynamics and particle motion followed by turbulence characteristics related to sediment motion. Sediment dynamics are described from a classical perspective by applying the mean bed shear approach and additionally incorporating a statistical description for the role of turbulence. It is intended to design as a course textbook in graduate / research level and a guide for the field engineers as well, keeping up with modern technological developments. One of the most important additions is that at the end of each chapter, varieties of problems were given. Therefore, as a simple prerequisite, the background of the readers should have a basic knowledge in hydraulics in undergraduate level and an understanding of fundamentals of calculus.
Flux-Corrected Transport
by Dmitri Kuzmin Rainald Löhner Stefan TurekAddressing students and researchers as well as Computational Fluid Dynamics practitioners, this book is the most comprehensive review of high-resolution schemes based on the principle of Flux-Corrected Transport (FCT). The foreword by J.P. Boris and historical note by D.L. Book describe the development of the classical FCT methodology for convection-dominated transport problems, while the design philosophy behind modern FCT schemes is explained by S.T. Zalesak. The subsequent chapters present various improvements and generalizations proposed over the past three decades. In this new edition, recent results are integrated into existing chapters in order to describe significant advances since the publication of the first edition. Also, 3 new chapters were added in order to cover the following topics: algebraic flux correction for finite elements, iterative and linearized FCT schemes, TVD-like flux limiters, acceleration of explicit and implicit solvers, mesh adaptation, failsafe limiting for systems of conservation laws, flux-corrected interpolation (remapping), positivity preservation in RANS turbulence models, and the use of FCT as an implicit subgrid scale model for large eddy simulations.
Focal Points in Negotiation
by Rudolf Schuessler Jan-Willem van der RijtFocal Points in Negotiation is the first work of its kind to analyze the use of focal points beyond the controlled setting of the laboratory or the stylized context of mathematical game theory, in the real world of negotiation. It demonstrates that there are many more ways focal points influence real life situations than the specific, predetermined roles ascribed to them by game theory and rational choice. The book establishes this by identifying the numerous different, often decisive, modes in which focal points function in the various phases of complex negotiations. In doing so, it also demonstrates the necessity of a thorough understanding of focal points for mediators, negotiators, and others. A scholarly work in nature, Focal Points in Negotiation is also suitable for use in the classroom and accessible for a multidisciplinary audience.
Focus Math: Geometry
by Scott ForesmanfocusMATH identifies at-risk students early and accelerates their learning with instruction that is intensive, balanced, and individualized. All grade levels consist of three units, each built around a specific NCTM Focal Point. This Book C Geometry of Focus MATH discusses on three topics. Topic 1 Identifying Plane Shapes; Topic 2 Working with Plane Shapes; and Topic 3 Solid Figures.
Focus Math: Number and Operations 1
by Scott ForesmanChildren quickly discover that numbers are everywhere. Once they enter elementary school, they learn ways to use those numbers. Sometimes, they need a little help understanding math concepts. Your child can get that support using Pearson products at home.