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The Inflammasome: Methods and Protocols
by Christine De Nardo Eicke LatzThis Methods in Molecular Biology book offers methods for studying inflammasome function, including generation of inflammasome stimuli, monitoring of caspase-1 activity and processing, activation of IL-1β cytokines, plus lab protocols, material lists and tips.
Inflammasome Signaling and Bacterial Infections
by Steffen BackertThis volume details our current understanding of the architecture and signaling capabilities of known canonical and non-canonical inflammasome complexes and highlights their action, in particular in response to infection with important bacterial model organisms and the corresponding disease pathologies. The first chapters review new insights into the assembly and structures of inflammasome components and emphasize general strategies of up- and downstream signaling events. In addition, the authors specifically discuss the composition and activity of inflammasomes during infection with various gut pathogens (Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, Listeria and Helicobacter), respiratory pathogens (Mycobacterium, Legionella, Burkholderia and Streptococcus) as well as skin and soft tissue pathogens (Francisella and Staphylococcus). The discoveries presented provide a better understanding of the cellular and molecular biology of inflammasomes, which will pinpoint important new therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of multiple infectious diseases in the future. It is a valuable resource for students, scientists and clinicians, providing up-to-date information on this emerging research topic.
The Inflammasomes
by Fabio Martinon Virginie Pétrilli Isabelle CouillinThe inflammasome was first described in 2002 as a molecular complex activating proinflammatory caspases and therefore regulating the maturation and biological activities of cytokines such as IL-1 and IL-18. This finding was substantiated by the identification of several mutations in the cias1 gene, encoding the human NLRP3 protein, responsible for several autoinflammatory disorders such as the Muckle Wells syndrome. Since, the interest for this complex has constantly increased and several inflammasome complexes with different specificities have been described. These inflammasomes sense a wide variety of pathogens and danger signals and are key players in the inflammatory response. With the contributions of leading international experts in the field, this book provides an extensive overview of the current knowledge of inflammasome biology and their role in health and disease.
Inflammation: From Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms to the Clinic
by Jean-Marc Cavaillon Mervyn SingerThe leading reference on this topic of increasing medical relevance is unique in offering unparalleled coverage. The editors are among the most respected researchers in inflammation worldwide and here have put together a prestigious team of contributors. Starting with the molecular basis of inflammation, from cytokines via the innate immune system to the different kinds of inflammatory cells, they continue with the function of inflammation in infectious disease before devoting a large section to the relationship between inflammation and chronic diseases. The book concludes with wound and tissue healing and options for therapeutic interventions. A must have for clinicians and biomedical researchers alike.
Inflammation
by Björn E. Clausen Jon D. LamanThis volume presents a broad selection of cutting-edge methods and tools that will enable the reader to investigate the multi-faceted manifestations of inflammation. Inflammation: Methods and Protocols is divided into four sections: the first three sections describe protocols investigating immune-mediated inflammatory disease models affecting barrier organs to the environment; the skin, the lung, and the intestinal and oral mucosa. The fourth section illustrates inflammatory disease models of the brain, joints, and vasculature. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Inflammation: Methods and Protocols aims to inspire the experienced investigator and the young experimenter alike to disentangle the fascinating process of inflammation.
Inflammation: the Common Link in Brain Pathologies
by Nihar Jana Anirban Basu Prakash Narain TandonThis unifying theme of this book-with sections on mechanisms of defense and neuropathogenesis, neurological diseases, infections of the nervous system, neuropharmacology, and novel therapies-is interactions of the immune and nervous systems. It also discusses the role of inflammation as a key mediator of different brain disorders. There have been significant scientific advances in the multidisciplinary field of neuroimmunology / neuroinflammation in the past decade, and this book, edited under the guidance of Professor P. N. Tandon, fosters communication between those who share an interest in this exciting area, including neuroscientists, immunologists, cell biologists, clinicians and neuropharmacologists.
Inflammation, Aging and Cancer
by Mahin KhatamiThis book was prepared as extension of author's accidental discoveries on experimental models of acute and chronic ocular inflammatory diseases that were established at the University of Pennsylvania in 1980's. Analyses of original data suggest a series of first evidence for direct link between inflammation and developmental phases of immune dysfunction in multistep tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. The only evidence presented on initial events for interactions and synergies between activated host and recruiting cells toward tumorigenesis. Effective immunity was defined as balance between two highly regulated and biologically opposing arms, Yin and Yang of acute inflammation, an amazingly precise signal communications between immune and non-immune systems requiring differential bioenergetics. Unresolved inflammation is a common denominator mapping aging process and induction of 'mild', 'moderate' or 'severe' immune disorders including cancers. Our knowledge of the fascinating biology of immunity in health or chronic diseases is fragmentary, chaotic and confusing, particularly for cancer science. Lack of progress in curing majority of chronic diseases or cancer is primarily due to the fact that scientists work on isolated molecules/cells or topics that are funded and promoted by decision makers in medical/cancer establishment. Despite existence of over 25 million articles on cancer-related topics, cancer biology and cure remain mysteries to be solved. After a century of cancer research, the failure rates of therapies for solid tumors are 90% (+/-5). Current reductionist views on cancer science are irresponsible, shut-gun approaches and create chaos. Outcomes are loss of millions of precious lives and economic drain to society. Very little is known about initial events that disturb effective immunity whose function is to monitor and arrest growth of cancerous cells or defend against other external or internal hazardous agents that threaten body's survival. The author demonstrates the serious need for systematic understanding of how immune disruptors and aging process would alter effective immunity. Outcomes of proposed orderly studies are expected to provide logical foundations for cost-effective strategies to promote immunity toward a healthier society. The policy makers and medical/cancer establishment are urged to return to the common sense that our Forefathers used to serve the public.
Inflammation, Aging, and Oxidative Stress
by Stephen C. Bondy Arezoo CampbellThe book describes the major degenerative processes and pathologies exacerbated by senescence and how they can be alleviated through retardation of cellular aging. Topics discussed include neurodegenerative disease, protein oxidation, cerebrovascular disease, particle-induced inflammation and cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, ovarian aging, dietary and endogenous anti-oxidants in management of Parkinson's disease, and effects of exercise on oxidation and inflammation. The nineteen expertly authored chapters are organized into three sections in order to present a complete picture to the reader: Age Related Cellular Events, Role of Inflammatory and Oxidative Processes in Age-Related Diseases, and Retardation of Cellular Aging. Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Disease draws from a variety of international perspectives and provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between disease, cell aging, and oxidative stress, as well as potential for preventing or slowing these processes. This installment of Springer's Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice is ideal for researchers, clinicians, and advanced graduate students in the fields of cardiology, neuroscience, biogerontolgy, and cell biology.
Inflammation and Allergy Drug Design
by K. Izuhara Stephen T. Holgate Marsha Wills-KarpOur knowledge and understanding of allergic diseases of the respiratory tract has improved to a point where new therapies are being developed for patient benefit. Inflammation and Allergy Drug Design explains the biologic science that underpins the pathophysiology of asthma and related disorders, as well as their mechanisms. This authoritative guide consists of 25 chapters, each detailing the cutting-edge developments in a particular field. It is divided into three parts, covering cytokines, chemokines, grow factors and mediators. This book allows immunologists, allergologists and researchers in the pharmaceutical industry to learn and appreciate the target biology in drug development. It also provides medical and pharmaceutical postgraduate students and clinicians with a basic understanding of allergic diseases in the respiratory tract.
Inflammation and Cancer
by Bharat B. Aggarwal Bokyung Sung Subash Chandra GuptaThis volume examines in detail the role of chronic inflammatory processes in the development of several types of cancer. Leading experts describe the latest results of molecular and cellular research on infection, cancer-related inflammation and tumorigenesis. Further, the clinical significance of these findings in preventing cancer progression and approaches to treating the diseases are discussed. Individual chapters cover cancer of the lung, colon, breast, brain, head and neck, pancreas, prostate, bladder, kidney, liver, cervix and skin as well as gastric cancer, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia and multiple myeloma.
Inflammation and Cancer: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2691)
by Brendan J. JenkinsThis second edition volume expands on the previous edition with an update on the broad spectrum of research models, techniques, and protocols used in laboratories by basic and clinical researchers. The chapters in this book are divided into two parts. Part One discusses the latest findings on the development and characterization of representative research models for chronic immune-based diseases and inflammation-associated cancers. Part Two covers biochemical, molecular, and cellular biological techniques that are commonly used to dissect the molecular mechanisms and cellular processes that drive the pathogenesis of certain disease states. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Inflammation and Cancer: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a valuable resource for those with a diverse range of laboratory-based experience, ranging from novice undergraduate students to established basic or clinical researchers who wish to diversify their existing portfolio of practical knowledge in the field.
Inflammation and Cancer
by Serguei V. KozlovAccording to the most recent clinical oncology data, one out of seven newly diagnosed malignancies worldwide result from infection and chronic inflammation in conjunction with cancer. In Inflammation and Cancer: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers deliver a systematic guide to techniques addressing various aspects of experimental cancer biology, selectively focused on inflammation-mediated tumorigenesis, while promoting improvisations on a per-case basis. Volume 1, Experimental Models and Practical Approaches provides an overview of a spectrum of techniques developed to analyze the outcomes of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis on the tissue, cellular, and molecular levels while highlighting several diagnostic aspects, such as biomarker discovery and molecular signatures evaluation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include brief introductions to their subjects, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step laboratory protocols, and a notes section, which examines tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.<P><P> Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Inflammation and Cancer: Methods and Protocols promises to serve as a vital guide and resource for investigators and clinicians working toward the goal of combatting the estimated 2, 200 inflammation-related oncogenesis fatalities occurring every day.
Inflammation and Cancer, Methods and Protocols: Volume 2, Molecular Analysis and Pathways
by Serguei V. KozlovAccording to the most recent clinical oncology data, one out of seven newly diagnosed malignancies worldwide result from infection and chronic inflammation in conjunction with cancer. In Inflammation and Cancer: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers deliver a systematic guide to techniques addressing various aspects of experimental cancer biology, selectively focused on inflammation-mediated tumorigenesis, while promoting improvisations on a per-case basis. Volume 2, Molecular Analysis and Pathways is devoted to an extensive description of experimental strategies aimed at investigating the molecular cross-talks between components of cell signaling chains and their ramifications in diagnostic development and drug target discovery. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include brief introductions to their subjects, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step laboratory protocols, and a notes section, which examines tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.<P><P> Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Inflammation and Cancer: Methods and Protocols promises to serve as a vital guide and resource for investigators and clinicians working toward the goal of combatting the estimated 2, 200 inflammation-related oncogenesis fatalities occurring every day.
Inflammation and Epilepsy: New Vistas (Progress in Inflammation Research #88)
by Damir Janigro Astrid Nehlig Nicola MarchiThis book provides comprehensive information, both for clinicians and scientists, on the basic mechanisms, clinical features, and therapeutic approaches to epilepsy as an inflammatory disease. Inflammation has been for many years considered as an etiologic player (and a therapeutic target) for a specific group of epilepsies. However, it turns out that this concept underestimated the impact of inflammation in seizure disorders. Many accepted therapies for non-inflammatory epilepsies act in part as an inflammatory drug. The CNS actively responds to acute immune challenges by altering body temperature, stimulating the HPA axis, as well as up- and down-regulating specific sympathetic pathways.
Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Cancers
by Janusz A. JankowskiInflammation in gastrointestinal mucosa can remodel the topography of the overlying epithelium. If such inflammation is chronic, it has fundamental clinical consequences, the principal of which is premalignant metaplasia throughout the alimentary tract. Furthermore, mucosal inflammation, even if subtle, is the single most common pathway for GI cancer. This book discusses all aspects of the relation between inflammation and GI cancer, from the basic science through to the translational science which is helping in the optimization of clinical management strategies. Among the topics considered are the impact of inherited syndromes; the roles of acid reflux, H. pylori, inflammatory bowel disease, and primary sclerosing cholangitis; screening strategies; targeted drug therapies; genetics; and the use of endoscopic methods. The authors are the best in their field, and this book is designed for the enthusiastic student as well as the professional in GI science and medicine.
Inflammation and Immunity in Cancer
by Tsukasa Seya Misako Matsumoto Keiko Udaka Noriyuki SatoThis book overviews cancer immunity from broad scientific fields, based on the concept that cancer is a sort of by-product of infection, inflammation, and host immune response. The innate and acquired arms of the immune system mainly participate in tumor immune surveillance, and their activation is critically modulated by the situation of the tumor microenvironment. Many types of immune cells join the formation of the microenvironment. In particular, macrophages and dendritic cells enter the tumor mass to be main players in the inflammatory milieu of tumors. After introducing these topics, the book discusses immunotherapy for cancer patients as an outgrowth of this concept of infection and inflammation. With the contributions of leading scientists actively involved in the field of antitumor immunity study, this book encourages readers to understand the mechanism of general cancers based on inflammation and will facilitate prevention and the development of therapeutics for cancer.
Inflammation and Lung Cancer
by Steven M. DubinettIn recent years there have been various discoveries connecting inflammation and lung cancer and clearly there is growing interest in this area of cancer research. The link between unresolved inflammation and cancer has been well established with estimates that 15% of cancer deaths are inflammationrelated. Evidence for this link includes the following: a) some inflammatory diseases are associated with increased risk of cancer development; b) inflammatory mediators are present surrounding and within most tumors; c) overexpression of inflammatory cytokines increases cancer development and progression in murine studies; d) inhibition of inflammatory mediators decreases cancer development and progression; and e) the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been found to decrease cancer incidence and delay progression. The volume will present aspects of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME), its many roles in tumor progression and metastasis, including creation of a hypoxic environment, increased angiogenesis and invasion, changes in expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and an increase in a stem cell phenotype. The book will also cover the mechanisms of inflammatory mediators. Chronic overexpression of inflammatory mediators in the TME, as seen in smokers and patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), can also lead to increased tumor initiation, progression, invasion and metastasis. The volume will provide a comprehensive perspective of the latest findings and summaries of progress made regarding inflammation and its connection to lung cancer.
Inflammation and Metastasis
by Yoshiro MaruThis book provides the latestinformation on cancer metastasis from the standpoint of inflammation,especially innate immune reactions caused by endogenous mediators but notexogenous pathogens, with ideas on how to understand the complicated mechanismsof metastasis as well as to interpret therapeutic targets. The book includesthe topic of the emerging roles of endogenous TLR4 ligands whose functions areshared intriguingly by metastasis and auto-inflammatory diseases such asrheumatoid arthritis. For example, most cancer therapies established so far areeffective initially. However, they eventually face the great obstacles of drugresistance, immune evasion, and metastatic progression. One of the endogenousTLR4 ligands is thought to contribute to all three processes. The mostimportant features of the book are to explain a concept of homeostaticinflammation, disturbance of which in the lungs gives rise to the establishmentof a pre-metastatic pulmonary microenvironment based on primary tumor-mediatedhijacking of the innate immune defense system against respiratory infection. Inaddition, structure-based thinking is another important feature of this book. It is proposed that inflammation forms a functional triangle with angiogenesisand coagulation, in the center of which cancer is located. Given the proposal of precision medicineby President Obama in the United States in 2015 and the recent success ofimmune-modulator-based therapy, this book will appeal to researchers in avariety of fields with the title of the book connecting the worst disease(metastasis) and the most fundamental event (inflammation) that is common tomany diseases.
Inflammation and Metastasis
by Yoshiro MaruThis book, now in a thoroughly revised and updated second edition, provides the latest information on cancer metastasis from the perspective of inflammation and presents new ideas on the complicated mechanisms of metastasis and potential therapeutic targets. Key features include discussion of mechanisms recently identified to be involved in the resolution phase of inflammation, presentation of the latest evidence regarding the roles of endogenous TLR4 ligands in metastasis, and thorough explanation of the concept of homeostatic inflammation and current understanding of the significance of its dysregulation for metastasis. Structure-based thinking is another important element of the book, and it is proposed that inflammation forms a functional triangle with angiogenesis and coagulation, at the center of which cancer is located. Examples of the many additional specific topics covered in this edition include the functional involvement of new types of RNA in cancer, the insights offered by recent advances in bioinformatics, and the potential of a casein kinase 1α inhibitor in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. The book will be a valuable update and resource for both experienced and younger researchers. Homeostasis, originated from an idea of internal milieu by Claude Bernard, is eventually maintained by endogenous elements. The essential features of inflammation are leukocyte mobilization and increased vascular permeability, which could take place in many homeostatic or physiological conditions at low levels. Homeostatic inflammation is a concept to explain pathological settings such as metastasis in which irrespective of its level those inflammatory features are misused with endogenous molecules (see Chap. 14,15). As inflammation comprises many biological fields, targeting a single molecule for a disease could potentially make a therapeutic contribution to other diseases. For example, one focus is applied here to the roles of calprotectin in lung metastasis, which is implicated in psychiatric disorders and COVID-19 as shown by recent evidence.
Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Neurological Disorders
by Akhlaq A. FarooquiUnless new discoveries are made in the prevention or treatment of stroke, Alzheimer's Disease and depression, the number of patients with these diseases is sure to increase dramatically by the year 2050. Thus, developing strategies to retard or delay the onset of stroke, AD and depression these neurological disorders is of critical important. The present monograph will provide current and comprehensive information on the relationship between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in age-related neurological disorders at the molecular level. The information described in this monograph on lifestyle (diet and exercise), genes and age is intended to facilitate and promote new discoveries for the treatment of age-related neurological disorders.
Inflammation and Retinal Disease: Complement Biology and Pathology
by John D. Lambris Anthony P. AdamisComprehensive look at the pathology and biology of retinal inflammation. Written by current, respected opthamologists and eye researchers. Reports on age-related degeneration, gene-associations, and other physiological pathways to retinal inflammation. Numerous studies have pointed to the key role of complement in the pathogenesis of retinal disease, particularly age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Reports about new gene associations and links to other physiological pathways are emerging almost on a weekly base. Several promising clinical candidates covering a wide area of potential treatment applications are in the pipelines of both industrial and academic groups. This indicates an increasing interest in complement as a therapeutic target. In view of these exciting discoveries, scientists from around the world convened at the 1st Aegean Conferences Conference on Inflammation and Retinal Disease: Complement Biology and Pathology (June 10-17, 2007) in Crete, Greece, to discuss recent advances in this rapidly-evolving field. This volume represents a collection of topics on the functions of complement in eye diseases, pathophysiology, protein structures, and complement therapeutics discussed during the conference.
Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease
by Madhavi ThomasParkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with a prevalence of 0. 1% of the global population, and 5-10% patients are under 40 years of age. Several text books have been published on various aspects of PD to date, including research and clinical aspects. However these do not emphasize the inflammatory pathways and pathways of neurodegeneration in PD. Inflammation in Parkinson's Disease brings advances in research together with current literature and evidence This concise volume covers the fundamentals of neuroimmunology and inflammatory models, the interactions between pathways of neurodegeneration and follows the concept of research work undertaken from basic science to clinical trials. Researchers, clinicians, and students interested in Parkinson's Disease are provided with a comprehensive view of translational research methods and an insight needed for developing future therapies aimed at disease modulation.
Inflammation, Infection, and Microbiome in Cancers: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Implications (Physiology in Health and Disease)
by Jun SunThis book offers a summary and discussion of the advances of inflammation and infection in various cancers. The authors cover the classically known virus infections in cancer, novel roles of other pathogens (e.g. bacteria and fungi), as well as biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy. Further, the chapters highlight the progress of immune therapy, stem cells and the role of the microbiome in the pathophysiology of cancers.Readers will gain insights into complex microbial communities, that inhabit most external human surfaces and play a key role in health and disease. Perturbations of host-microbe interactions often lead to altered host responses that can promote cancer development. Thus, this book highlights emerging roles of the microbiome in pathogenesis of cancers and outcome of therapy. The focus is on mechanistic concepts that underlie the complex relationships between host and microbes. Approaches that can inhibit infection, suppress chronic inflammation and reverse the dysbiosis are discussed, as a means for restoring the balance between host and microbes.This comprehensive work will be beneficial to researchers and students interested in infectious diseases, microbiome, and cancer as well as clinicians and general physiologists.
Inflammation Protocols
by Paul G. Winyard Derek A. WilloughbyHighly skilled experimenters present key techniques for the multidisciplinary study of inflammation in such conditions as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, renal disease, and cardiovascular disease. Described in step-by-step detail to ensure experimental success, the techniques are focused on the research and development of potential new antiinflammatory drugs in active target areas. The protocols are suitable for many current areas of drug discovery research, including transcription factors, cytokines, adhesion molecules, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, free radicals, nitric oxide synthases, angiogenesis, wound healing, complement activation, immune rejection, and metalloproteinases.
The Inflammation Spectrum: Find Your Food Triggers and Reset Your System
by Will Cole Eve AdamsonFrom the international bestselling author of Ketotarian comes a revolutionary new plan to discover the foods your unique body loves, hates, and needs to feel great.In Dr. Will Cole's game-changing new book, readers will discover how inflammation is at the core of most common health woes. What's more, it exists on a continuum: from mild symptoms such as weight gain and fatigue on one end, to hormone imbalance and autoimmune conditions on the other. How you feel is being influenced by every meal. Every food you eat is either feeding inflammation or fighting it. Because no one else is you, the foods that work well for someone else may not be right for your body. At heart, The Inflammation Spectrum is about learning to love your body enough to nourish it with delicious, healing foods. You'll find insightful quizzes and empowering advice to put you on a path toward food freedom and overall healing, once and for all.