- Table View
- List View
Intolerant Bodies: A Short History of Autoimmunity (Johns Hopkins Biographies of Disease)
by Warwick Anderson Ian R. MackayA history of autoimmunity that validates the experience of patients while challenging assumptions about the distinction between the normal and the pathological.Winner of the NSW Premier's History Award of the Arts NSWAutoimmune diseases, which affect 5 to 10 percent of the population, are as unpredictable in their course as they are paradoxical in their cause. They produce persistent suffering as they follow a drawn-out, often lifelong, pattern of remission and recurrence. Multiple sclerosis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes—the diseases considered in this book—are but a handful of the conditions that can develop when the immune system goes awry.Intolerant Bodies is a unique collaboration between Ian Mackay, one of the prominent founders of clinical immunology, and Warwick Anderson, a leading historian of twentieth-century biomedical science. The authors narrate the changing scientific understanding of the cause of autoimmunity and explore the significance of having a disease in which one’s body turns on itself. The book unfolds as a biography of a relatively new concept of pathogenesis, one that was accepted only in the 1950s.In their description of the onset, symptoms, and course of autoimmune diseases, Anderson and Mackay quote from the writings of Charles Dickens, Edgar Allan Poe, Joseph Heller, Flannery O’Connor, and other famous people who commented on or grappled with autoimmune disease. The authors also assess the work of the dedicated researchers and physicians who have struggled to understand the mysteries of autoimmunity. Connecting laboratory research, clinical medicine, social theory, and lived experience, Intolerant Bodies reveals how doctors and patients have come to terms, often reluctantly, with this novel and puzzling mechanism of disease causation.
Intoxicating Minds: How Drugs Work (Maps of the Mind)
by Ciaran ReganWhy do smokers claim that the first cigarette of the day is the best? What is the biological basis behind some heavy drinkers' belief that the "hair-of-the-dog" method alleviates the effects of a hangover? Why does marijuana seem to affect ones problem-solving capacity? Intoxicating Minds is, in the author's words, "a grand excavation of drug myth." Neither extolling nor condemning drug use, it is a story of scientific and artistic achievement, war and greed, empires and religions, and lessons for the future. Ciaran Regan looks at each class of drugs, describing the historical evolution of their use, explaining how they work within the brain's neurophysiology, and outlining the basic pharmacology of those substances. From a consideration of the effect of stimulants, such as caffeine and nicotine, and the reasons and consequences of their sudden popularity in the seventeenth century, the book moves to a discussion of more modern stimulants, such as cocaine and ecstasy. In addition, Regan explains how we process memory, the nature of thought disorders, and therapies for treating depression and schizophrenia. Regan then considers psychedelic drugs and their perceived mystical properties and traces the history of placebos to ancient civilizations. Finally, Intoxicating Minds considers the physical consequences of our co-evolution with drugs—how they have altered our very being—and offers a glimpse of the brave new world of drug therapies.
Intoxicating Minds: How Drugs Work
by Ciaran ReganWhy do smokers claim that the first cigarette of the day is the best? What is the biological basis behind some heavy drinkers' belief that the "hair-of-the-dog" method alleviates the effects of a hangover? Why does marijuana seem to affect ones problem-solving capacity? Intoxicating Minds is, in the author's words, "a grand excavation of drug myth." Neither extolling nor condemning drug use, it is a story of scientific and artistic achievement, war and greed, empires and religions, and lessons for the future. Ciaran Regan looks at each class of drugs, describing the historical evolution of their use, explaining how they work within the brain's neurophysiology, and outlining the basic pharmacology of those substances. From a consideration of the effect of stimulants, such as caffeine and nicotine, and the reasons and consequences of their sudden popularity in the seventeenth century, the book moves to a discussion of more modern stimulants, such as cocaine and ecstasy. In addition, Regan explains how we process memory, the nature of thought disorders, and therapies for treating depression and schizophrenia. Regan then considers psychedelic drugs and their perceived mystical properties and traces the history of placebos to ancient civilizations. Finally, Intoxicating Minds considers the physical consequences of our co-evolution with drugs--how they have altered our very being--and offers a glimpse of the brave new world of drug therapies.
Intoxication: Self, State and Society
by Thomas Thurnell-Read Mark MonaghanWhat images come to mind when you read the word ‘intoxication’? What behaviour do you associate with the word ‘drunk’? When you hear the word ‘drug’, what images do you recall? This textbook provides an essential and thorough grounding in debates about the role of intoxication in contemporary society, from social and cultural perspectives. It examines intoxication in the broadest sense as including both legal and illegal substances and both culturally accepted and socially stigmatised practices. Given the pace of recent changes in policy and practice – from the increasingly common legalisation of cannabis, to the recent trend of sobriety amongst adolescents and young adults – this book stands out by offering both a through historical and theoretical overview and a topical and forward looking exploration of current debates. It adopts a multi-scale approach to examine wider patterns of change so it considers the subjective experiences of the role intoxication plays in the lives of individuals and groups, in the construction of diverse identities and how this differs by age, gender and ethnicity. The authors play particular attention to the way in which the state justifies interventions based on moral, health and criminal justice discourses and also consider the role played by other individuals and institutions, not least the mass media and the alcohol industry, in propagating and challenging common sense explanations of intoxication. It speaks to undergraduates, master's students and above, with a range of pedagogic features, and offers insights into policy and practice.
Intra-Abdominal Hypertension
by Manu Malbrain Jan De WaeleDespite increasing interest in intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) as causes of significant morbidity and mortality among the critically ill, unanswered questions cloud the understanding of the pathophysiology of these conditions: • Are IAH and ACS synonymous? • What are the ideal methods of measuring and lowering intra-abdominal pressure (IAP)? • When should we think of IAH? • Can IAH be prevented? • What level of IAP requires abdominal decompression? Written by two experts in critical care and IAP, Intra-Abdominal Hypertension is a distillation of the current literature and furthers the understanding of these complex critical conditions. Using a step-by-step approach and illustrative figures, this clinical handbook presents a concise overview of consensus definitions, measurement methods, organ assessment and treatment options. Intra-Abdominal Hypertension is essential reading for all members of the intensive care multidisciplinary team, including experienced and junior physicians, anesthetists and nurses.
Intra-Operative Neuropathology for the Non-Neuropathologist
by Cynthia T. WelshThis volume acquaints the non-neuropathologist with the advantages of clinical-radiologic-pathologic correlation in neuropathology specimens, particularly in the intra-operative consultation. As a good cytology preparation can add to, or even supply in isolation, a diagnosis, this volume covers the enormous and sometimes insurmountable artifacts involved with freezing tissue, especially central nervous system tissue. The text presents how to perform, and stain the cytologic preparations, and how to interpret them. The advantages and disadvantages of both frozen sections and cytologic preparations of various kinds are discussed. The presentation and format is very visual with diagrams, tables, with many figures including pearls and pitfalls and therefore easy reading. An introductory chapter presents the pros and cons of cytology, the advantages and disadvantages of frozen sections, and the artifacts in both. Also included is an argument for knowing what the scans reveal, and the impact of relevant patient history. The volume uses a case-based approach to show correlation between scan, history, frozen section and cytologic preparations. With the combination of extensive correlation of scans, cytology, and frozen section with differential diagnosis, and analysis of the information crucial to the neurosurgeon in a case-based approach and with a special chapter written by a neuroradiologist, this volume is unique in presentation and utility and will be of great value to the trainee in pathology (residents/fellows), and practicing pathologists who include neuropathology in their practice, but do not have formal fellowship training in neuropathology.
Intra Uterine Adhesions: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Insight
by Rahul ManchandaThe book covers the entire aspect of intrauterine adhesions and Asherman's syndrome highlighting important points. It discusses etiopathogenesis to diagnosis and the current guidelines with effective treatment policies. It covers new treatment techniques, use of stem cell therapy and various scenarios with the best management of them. The book also covers pregnancy and associated complications. It takes into account the vast clinical experience of the authors all over the world clubbed with the academic evidence available to date.The book is relevant for endoscopic surgeons, hysteroscopists, infertility specialists and obstetricians at large, and anyone who wishes to know more about this subject.
Intraarticular Fractures: Minimally Invasive Surgery, Arthroscopy
by Mahmut Nedim Doral Jón Karlsson John Nyland Karl Peter BenedettoThis superbly illustrated book is a comprehensive and detailed guide to the contemporary arthroscopic management of intraarticular fractures. The opening section addresses a variety of basic aspects and key issues, including the difficulties posed by intraarticular fractures, principles of fixation, cartilage healing, and rehabilitation. The minimally invasive surgical techniques appropriate to individual types of fracture are then fully described and depicted, covering fractures of the shoulder and elbow, wrist, pelvis and hip, knee, and ankle. Guidance is also provided on avoidance and management of complications and rehabilitation. The closing section addresses relevant miscellaneous issues, including arthroscopic management of temporomandibular joint fractures and extended indications for endoscopy-assisted fracture fixation. This volume will be of value for both trainee and experienced surgeons when treating patients with these complex fractures.
Intracardiac Echocardiography
by Frank E. Silvestry Susan E. WiegersIntracardiac Echocardiography is the first echocardiographic textbook of its kind to specifically cover ICE. Discussing all aspects of intracardiac ultrasound, it allows readers to perfect ICE image acquisition and helps to guide interpretation of this information during interventional and electrophysiologic procedures.Unique and informative, the text explores:introductory echo physics currently available intracardiac ultrasound systems basic image acquisitionthe role of ICE in both the interventional and electrophysiology laboratory, as well as in the diagnostic setting. Featuring expert commentary by leaders in the field, the book also includes high quality echocardiographic images illustrating how ICE is used in a wide variety of procedures such as transseptal catheterization, PFO and ASD closure, atrial fibrillation ablation procedures, and many others.
Intracellular Delivery II
by Aleš Prokop Yasuhiko Iwasaki Atsushi HaradaThis volume is a continuation of Volume 1 following the previously published Editorial. More emphasis is given to novel nanocarrier designs, their characterization and function, and applications for drug discovery and treatment. A number of chapters will deal with nanofibers as a new major application within the biomedical field with a very high success rate particularly in wound healing and diabetic foot and spine injuries. A major new subdivision will deal with mathematical methods for the assembly of nanocarriers both for simulation and function.
Intracellular Delivery III
by Aleš Prokop Volkmar WeissigThis book features a special subsection of Nanomedicine, an application of nanotechnology to achieve breakthroughs in healthcare. It exploits the improved and often novel physical, chemical and biological properties of materials only existent at the nanometer scale. As a consequence of small scale, nanosystems in most cases are efficiently taken up by cells and appear to act at the intracellular level. Nanotechnology has the potential to improve diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of diseases, and includes targeted drug delivery and regenerative medicine; it creates new tools and methods that impact significantly existing conservative practices. This volume is a collection of authoritative reviews concentrating on cellular and organelle delivery and targeting, and ways of identifying targets by biochemical and computational means.
Intracellular Messengers
by Alan A. Boulton Colin W. Taylor Glen B. BakerThis timely new volume in the highly acclaimed Neuromethods series focuses on major new advances in understanding the signaling mechanisms employed by neural tissues. Chapters, contributed by experts in the field, provide thorough, up-to-date coverage of a variety of topics and techniques, including: single-cell imaging technology * phosphorylation of target proteins * analysis of phosphoinositides and inositol phosphates * inositol trisphosphate and intracellular calcium * guanine nucleotide-binding proteins * ion channel gating * measurement of intracellular calcium with fluorescent calcium indicators * protein kinase C * synthetic analogs of intracellular messengers * cyclic nucleotides * caged intracellular messengers * intracellular regulators and components of the exocytotic pathway * intracellular messengers in vertebrate and invertebrate photoreceptors. Neuromethods 20 * Intracellular Messengers is an essential resource for neurobiologiests at all levels of research.
Intracellular Signaling Mediators in the Circulatory and Ventilatory Systems
by Marc ThirietThe volumes in this authoritative series present a multidisciplinary approach to modeling and simulation of flows in the cardiovascular and ventilatory systems, especially multiscale modeling and coupled simulations. The cardiovascular and respiratory systems are tightly coupled, as their primary function is to supply oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from the body's cells. Because physiological conduits have deformable and reactive walls, macroscopic flow behavior and prediction must be coupled to phenomenological models of nano- and microscopic events in a corrector scheme of regulated mechanisms when the vessel lumen caliber varies markedly. Therefore, investigation of flows of blood and air in physiological conduits requires an understanding of the biology, chemistry, and physics of these systems together with the mathematical tools to describe their functioning. Volume 4 is devoted to major sets of intracellular mediators that transmit signals upon stimulation of cell-surface receptors. Activation of signaling effectors triggers the release of substances stored in cellular organelles and/or gene transcription and protein synthesis. Complex stages of cell signaling can be studied using proper mathematical models, once the role of each component is carefully handled. Volume 4 also reviews various categories of cytosolic and/or nuclear mediators and illustrates some major signal transduction pathways, such as NFkappaB axis, oxygen sensing, and mechanotransduction.
Intracerebral Hemorrhage
by J. Ricardo Carhuapoma Stephan A. Mayer Daniel F. HanleyIntracerebral hemorrhage is a neurovascular emergency associated with high mortality and morbidity. With in-depth reviews of the clinical and biological aspects of the condition, this text provides an up-to-date coverage of this form of stroke. The book covers epidemiology, causes, clinical presentation, management and prognosis, and describes the ongoing research advances aimed at improving our understanding of the condition. The book fills an existing gap in the medical literature. The chapters discussing the clinical aspects of intracerebral hemorrhage are aimed at the practitioner directing the care of stroke victims. Chapters exploring the biology of pathophysiological events triggered by this disease will provide readers with current data directed to facilitate experimental research in this field of cerebrovascular neurology. It will appeal to clinicians and those with a research interest in cerebrovascular diseases.
Intracerebral Hemorrhage Research
by Austin Colohan John ZhangThe volume includes 75 papers which were presented at the Third International Conference on Intracerebral Hemorrhage, held in Rancho Mirage, California, in March 2010. The topics treated include animal models, pathophysiology of cerebral hemorrhage, experimental treatment for cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage clinical manifestations, prognosis of cerebral hemorrhage, and clinical management. The articles represent the recent advances in hemorrhagic brain injury research presented by highly respected laboratories around the world.
Intracorporeal Anastomosis: The Definitive Guide for the Minimally Invasive Surgeon
by Barry SalkyLaparoscopic and robotic approaches to colon, rectum and the small intestine have undergone radical change since the introduction of minimally invasive surgical techniques. At the beginning of this revolution, the most common anastomotic techniques have been extracorporeal. As a few surgeons became more familiar with minimally invasive suturing techniques, intracorporeal anastomosis became possible. However, the change from an extracorporeal approach has been slow to realization for the vast majority of surgeons. While there are multiple reasons for this slow adoption, the most common are perceived difficulty with suturing in a closed space, the feeling of lack of control, and the worry of increased infection in the abdomen. This book details the latest information in addressing and dispelling these fears. It provides a useful guide to techniques required to perform intracorporeal anastomoses both in laparoscopic and robotic surgery, and it shows the huge advantages to the patient, surgeon and to our health care system. Written by experts in the field, chapters serve as a definitive guide to the performance of intracorporeal techniques to all general and colon and rectal surgeons performing bowel resection both for benign and malignant disease. The chapters contain ample color photographs and videos describing each technique.Intracorporeal Anastomosis primarily focuses on laparoscopic and robotic techniques and contains the latest published data describing the advantages of using these minimally invasive surgical techniques.
Intracranial and Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas
by Xianli LvThe book introduces techniques, devices, device structures and therapeutic in dural arteriovenous fistulas. During past 4 decades, neurovascular or endovasuclar surgery developed fast and provide effective and minimally invasive treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas. The treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas has also seen substantial evolution, increasing the number of dural arteriovenous fistulas that can be treated successfully with minimally invasive therapy. Authors introduces the great advances in the techniques, devices and treatment concepts, which shows striking therapeutic benefit for dural arteriovenous fistulas. In each technique, authors introduce methods, cases, result, discussion and conclusion. The CT scan, MR imaging, angiography and surgical figures are provided in each chapter. Attending physicians, fellows, residents, medical students will benefit from reading this text.
Intracranial and Spinal Radiotherapy: A Practical Guide on Treatment Techniques (Practical Guides in Radiation Oncology)
by Lia M. Halasz Simon S. Lo Eric L. Chang Arjun SahgalThis book is a practical, up-to-date guide to the treatment of patients with brain and spinal tumors. Leading experts in the field explain treatment techniques in detail, highlighting key considerations in the use of external beam radiation therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy, particle therapy, radiosurgery, and stereotactic body radiation therapy. Specific recommendations are described for different tumor types, and helpful information provided on other important issues, such as the interaction of radiotherapy and systemic therapy and the avoidance of treatment complications. With the development of modern technology, highly conformal radiotherapy techniques have become more complicated, yet also more widely employed. This book will equip readers with the knowledge required to set up practices to deliver quality brain and spinal radiation therapy appropriate to each patient. It will be of benefit to radiation oncologists, clinical oncologists, medical physicists, medical dosimetrists, radiation therapists, and senior nurses as well as medical oncologists and surgical oncologists with an interest in radiotherapy.
Intracranial EEG: A Guide for Cognitive Neuroscientists (Studies in Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavioral Economics)
by Nikolai AxmacherThis book offers the first, comprehensive guide to planning and conducting intracranial EEG studies, and analyzing intracranial EEG data. The chapters address core questions in the field of intracranial EEG research. They are written by internationally recognized experts in the domain of intracranial EEG and acknowledge the heterogeneity of approaches in this field. The particular format of the book allows readers to find clear guidelines, hands-on expertise and invaluable background information for planning and conducting state-of-the-art intracranial EEG research projects. Besides offering a reference guide to newcomers in the field, it also provides scholarly information for the more experienced researcher and inspiration for the expert. The book covers a wide range of topics, with a special emphasis on aspects in which intracranial EEG data differ from other types of data in the cognitive neurosciences. It discusses typical patient characteristics and implantation schemes, ethical issues, and practical considerations for planning and running intracranial EEG experiments. It addresses signal characteristics and the physiological background of oscillatory and non-oscillatory aspects of intracranial EEG signals. It describes complex pre-processing steps such as advantages and disadvantages of different referencing schemes, and how to identify the location of electrodes. In addition, it answers specific questions on data processing, addressing core aspects of statistical analysis, and suggesting guidelines for data presentation. Further, it covers advanced topics such as causal interventions (i.e. deep brain stimulation), acquisition and analysis of single-unit data and multimodal recordings, and discusses important future challenges and opportunities in the field of intracranial EEG research.
Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring XIV
by Marek Czosnyka Martin U. SchuhmannNearly 80 short papers originating from the 14th International Symposium on Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring held in Tuebingen, Germany, in September 2010 present experimental as well as clinical research data related to the naming topics of the conference. The papers have undergone a peer-reviewing and are organized in the following sections: methods of brain monitoring and data analysis, methods of invasive and non-invasive ICP assessment, the role of autoregulation, the role of tissue oxygenation and near-infrared spectroscopy, hydrocephalus/IIH imaging and diagnosis, management and therapy of hydrocephalus, management and therapy of traumatic brain injury, management and therapy of subarachnoid and intracranial hemorrhage, experimental approaches to acute brain disease. The book gives a good overview on the latest research developments in the field of ICP and related brain monitoring and on management and therapy of relevant acute brain diseases.
Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring XV
by Beng-Ti AngThis volume showcases recent high-quality work relating to the pathophysiology, biophysics, monitoring, and treatment of traumatic brain injury and hydrocephalus that was presented at the 15th International Symposium on Intracranial Pressure and Brain Monitoring (ICP), held in Singapore in November 2013. The included papers derive from experts in neurointensive care, physiology, physics, engineering, and neurosurgery who have made important contributions in this translational area of research. All were selected from among oral and oral-poster presentations following a rigorous peer-review process involving the ICP Board members, and their focus ranges from the latest research findings and developments to clinical trials and experimental studies. This collection of papers from ICP 2013 continues the proud tradition of publishing key work from the ICP symposia and will be of interest for all who wish to stay abreast of recent advances in the field.
Intracranial Pressure and Neuromonitoring XVII (Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement #131)
by Bart Depreitere Geert Meyfroidt Fabian GüizaThis book gathers the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Intracranial Pressure and Neuromonitoring, held in Leuven, Belgium in September 2019. It provides an overview of the current understanding, underlying research and future perspectives concerning pathophysiology, biophysics, monitoring and management in traumatic and non-traumatic acute brain injury, hydrocephalus and spinal cord injury, including cerebrovascular autoregulation impairment in neurological as well as non-neurological diseases. The peer-reviewed contributions were prepared by specialists in neurosurgery, neurointensive care and neuroanesthesiology, as well as prominent experts from the fields of physiology, clinical and biomedical engineering, mathematics and informatics. The book continues the time-honored tradition of publishing key presentations from the ICP Conferences in order to facilitate their dissemination within the clinical and research community.
Intracranial Pressure & Neuromonitoring XVI (Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement #126)
by Thomas HeldtThis book introduces the latest advances relating to the pathophysiology, biophysics, monitoring and treatment of traumatic brain injury, hydrocephalus, and stroke presented at the 16th International Conference on Intracranial Pressure and Neuromonitoring (the "ICP Conference"), held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in June 2016 in conjunction with the 6th Annual Meeting of the Cerebral Autoregulation Research Network. Additionally, the conference held special sessions on neurocritical care informatics and cerebrovascular autoregulation. The peer-reviewed papers included were written by leading experts in neurosurgery, neurointensive care, anesthesiology, physiology, clinical engineering, clinical informatics and mathematics who have made important contributions in this translational area of research, and their focus ranges from the latest research findings and developments to clinical trials and experimental studies. The book continues the proud tradition of publishing key work from the ICP Conferences and is a must-read for anyone wishing to stay abreast of recent advances in the field.
Intracranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery
by Jason P. Sheehan L. Dade LunsfordIn this third edition of Intracranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery, Drs. Sheehan and Lunsford provide an updated assessment of the practice of stereotactic radiosurgery. Topics include benign and malignant tumors, cerebrovascular abnormalities, and functional disorders. Several new topics are now included and focus on immunotherapy, hypofractionation, and repeat radiosurgery. Each chapter contains key figures and tables to illustrate the critical concepts of the work. Contributors to the book represent many of the most prestigious stereotactic radiosurgery centers across the world. This book is comprised of 36 chapters and represents a comprehensive update to prior editions. It is intended to be a readable, credible, and accessible reference on stereotactic radiosurgery. Editors Jason Sheehan, MD, PhD, FACS, FAANS, is the Vice Chair and Harrison Distinguished Professor of Neurological Surgery at the University of Virginia (UVA). He also serves as the Neurosciences Service Line Director at UVA. Dr. Sheehan is the current chair of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) and Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) Section on Tumors. He serves as the Editor-In-Chief of the Journal of Neuro-Oncology. L. Dade Lunsford, MD, serves as the Lars Leksell Professor and Distinguished Professor at the Department of Neurological Surgery at the University of Pittsburgh. He is also director of the Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and an internationally recognized authority on stereotactic surgery, radiosurgery, and minimally invasive surgery. He has authored or coauthored more than 1,000 scientific reports and 16 books.
Intradermal Immunization
by Marcel B.M. TeunissenThis volume of Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology covers diverse topics related to intradermal immunization. The chapters highlight the effectiveness of intradermal immunization in experimental animal models or in clinical practice, all supporting the view that intradermal immunization is at least as good as other immunization routes. Keeping in mind that current vaccines are not specially designed for intradermal immunization, but show comparable efficiency even at reduced dosages, this underlines the great potential for the skin as a vaccination site. Hopefully, the overview in this volume will encourage vaccine designers to focus on this promising immunization route, and in addition, to inspire them to develop vaccines that are especially optimized for intradermal immunization.