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Madness and Social Change: Autobiography of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform
by Paulo AmaranteIn this book, the history of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform is told by one of its main protagonists. In the early 1980s, there were about 80 thousand people admitted to psychiatric hospitals in Brazil, with average lengths of hospital stay of approximately 25 years. The psychiatric reform process that took place in the country was responsible for closing more than 60 thousand beds in mental asylums, most of them characterized by conditions of violence and abandonment.The Brazilian Psychiatric Reform was inspired by the psychosocial care model introduced by psychiatrist Franco Basaglia in Italy and was marked by the broad participation of social movements, such as the anti-asylum movement and other human rights movements. This process gave rise to a model of mental health care based on open-door territorial mental health services, guided by the principle of treatment in liberty, in addition to other strategies of deinstitutionalization. More than a proposal to restructure or modernize the mental health care model, the objective of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform was the construction of a new social place for the diverse and singular subjective experience of madness. By intending to produce new imaginaries, new social representations and new meanings for these experiences, the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform led to one of the larger experiences of deinstitutionalization in the world and to the large scale implementation of a new model of mental health care in which the old asylum-centric paradigm was replaced by a new democratic psychosocial care model.
Madness at Home: The Psychiatrist, the Patient, and the Family in England, 1820-1860
by Akihito SuzukiThis study, painting a fascinating picture of how families viewed and managed madness, suggests that the family actually played a critical role in caring for the insane and in the development of psychiatry itself. It includes several fascinating case histories, press reports of formal legal declarations of insanity and provides an illuminating historical perspective on our own day and age, when the mentally ill are mainly treated in home and community.
Madness in Civilization
by Andrew ScullThe loss of reason, a sense of alienation from the commonsense world we all like to imagine we inhabit, the shattering emotional turmoil that seizes hold and won't let go--these are some of the traits we associate with madness. Today, mental disturbance is most commonly viewed through a medical lens, but societies have also sought to make sense of it through religion or the supernatural, or by constructing psychological or social explanations in an effort to tame the demons of unreason. Madness in Civilization traces the long and complex history of this affliction and our attempts to treat it.Beautifully illustrated throughout, Madness in Civilization takes readers from antiquity to today, painting a vivid and often harrowing portrait of the different ways that cultures around the world have interpreted and responded to the seemingly irrational, psychotic, and insane. From the Bible to Sigmund Freud, from exorcism to mesmerism, from Bedlam to Victorian asylums, from the theory of humors to modern pharmacology, the book explores the manifestations and meanings of madness, its challenges and consequences, and our varied responses to it. It also looks at how insanity has haunted the imaginations of artists and writers and describes the profound influence it has had on the arts, from drama, opera, and the novel to drawing, painting, and sculpture.Written by one of the world's preeminent historians of psychiatry, Madness in Civilization is a panoramic history of the human encounter with unreason.
Madness, Architecture and the Built Environment: Psychiatric Spaces in Historical Context (Routledge Studies in the Social History of Medicine)
by Leslie Topp; James E. Moran; Jonathan AndrewsThis is the first volume of papers devoted to an examination of the relationship between mental health/illness and the construction and experience of space. This historical analysis with contributions from leading experts will enlighten and intrigue in equal measure. The first rigorous scholarly analysis of its kind in book form, it will be of particular interest to the history, psychiatry and architecture communities.
Madness, Bureaucracy and Gender in Mumbai, India: Narratives from a Psychiatric Hospital
by Annika StraussRegional mental hospitals in India are perceived as colonial artefacts in need of reformation. In the last two decades, there has been discussion around the maltreatment of patients, corruption and poor quality of mental health treatment in these institutions. This ethnography scrutinizes the management of madness in one of these asylum-like institutions in the context of national change and the global mental health movement. The author explores the assembling and impact of psychiatric, bureaucratic, gendered and queer narratives in and around the hospital. Finally, the author attempts to reconcile social anthropology and psychiatry by scrutinising their divergent approaches towards ‘mad narratives’.
Madness, Psychiatry, and Empire in Postcolonial Literature (Palgrave Studies in Literature, Science and Medicine)
by Chienyn ChiMadness, Psychiatry, and Empire in Postcolonial Literature provides a comparatist interrogation of empire through archives of history, science, and literature. The book analyzes Aimé Césaire’s Discourse on Colonialism to shed light on Césaire’s critique of psychological and medical discourses of the colonized’s mind. The book argues that the discourse of psychiatry, psychology, and psychoanalysis has erased the context of power in global histories of empire. Through the book’s chapters, Chi analyzes Lu Xun’s “A Madman’s Diary,” Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway, and Tsitsi Dangarembga’s Nervous Conditions to assert that the misapprehension of madness should not automatically be accepted as the history of an isolated Western culture but rather that of the history of imperialism—a globalizing process that silences alternative cultural conceptions of the mind, of madness, and of behavior, as well as different interpretations of madness.
Madness, Violence, and Power: A Critical Collection
by Peter Beresford Andrea Daley Lucy CostaMadness, Violence, and Power: A Critical Collection disengages from the common forms of discussion about violence related to mental health service users and survivors which position those users or survivors as more likely to enact violence or become victims of violence. Instead, this book seeks to broaden understandings of violence manifest in the lives of mental health service users/survivors, ‘push’ current considerations to explore the impacts of systems and institutions that manage ‘abnormality’, and to create and foster space to explore the role of our own communities in justice and accountability dialogues. This critical collection constitutes an integral contribution to critical scholarship on violence and mental illness by addressing a gap in the existing literature by broadening the “violence lens,” and inviting an interdisciplinary conversation that is not narrowly biomedical and neuro-scientific.
Madness: A Bipolar Life
by Marya HornbacherIn the vein of An Unquiet Mind comes a storm of a memoir that will take you deep inside bipolar disorder and change everything you know. When Marya Hornbacher published her first book, Wasted: A Memoir of Anorexia and Bulimia, she did not yet have the piece of shattering knowledge that would finally make sense of the chaos of her life. At age twenty-four, Hornbacher was diagnosed with Type I rapid-cycle bipolar, the most severe form of bipolar disorder. In Madness, in her trademark wry and utterly self-revealing voice, Hornbacher tells her new story. Through scenes of astonishing visceral and emotional power, she takes us inside her own desperate attempts to counteract violently careening mood swings by self-starvation, substance abuse, numbing sex, and self-mutilation. How Hornbacher fights her way up from a madness that all but destroys her, and what it is like to live in a difficult and sometimes beautiful life and marriage—where bipolar always beckons—is at the center of this brave and heart-stopping memoir.Madness delivers the revelation that Hornbacher is not alone: millions of people in America today are struggling with a variety of disorders that may disguise their bipolar disease. And Hornbacher's fiercely self-aware portrait of her own bipolar as early as age four will powerfully change, too, the current debate on whether bipolar in children actually exists. New York Times&“Humorous, articulate, and self-aware…A story that is almost impossible to put down.&”— &“With the same intimately revelatory and shocking emotional power that marked [Wasted], Hornbacher guides us through her labyrinth of psychological demons.&”—Elle
Madness: Race and Insanity in a Jim Crow Asylum
by Antonia HyltonIn the tradition of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, this New York Times bestseller is a page-turning account of one of the nation&’s last segregated asylums..."a book that left me breathless" (Clint Smith). For centuries, Black patients have been absent from our history books. Madness transports readers through the ninety-three-year history of Crownsville Hospital, one of the last segregated asylums with surviving records and a campus that still stands to this day in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Antonia Hylton blends the intimate tales of patients and employees whose lives were shaped by Crownsville with a decade-worth of investigative research and archival documents. Madness chronicles the stories of Black families whose mental health suffered as they tried, and sometimes failed, to find safety and dignity. Hylton also grapples with her own family&’s experiences with mental illness, and the secrecy and shame that it reproduced for generations. As Crownsville Hospital grew from an antebellum-style work camp to a tiny city sitting on 1,500 acres, the institution became a microcosm of America&’s evolving battles over slavery, racial integration, and civil rights. Hylton traces the legacy of slavery to the treatment of Black people&’s bodies and minds in our current mental healthcare system. It is a captivating and heartbreaking meditation on how America decides who is sick or criminal, and who is worthy of our care or irredeemable.
Magic Bullets, Lost Horizons: The Rise and Fall of Antibiotics
by Sebastian G. AmyesFrom the day that Paul Ehrlich hailed his newly discovered treatment for syphilis as the magic bullet, antibiotics have transformed medical practice. They are considered one of the miracle drugs of the 20th century. However, the massive and increasing misuse of these agents is More...causing a problem of resistance that may prove to be one of the greatest threats to health in the 21st century. Magic Bullets, Lost Horizons aims to put some of the media sensationalism into perspective. It examines not only the development of modern antibiotics but also the obstacles faced during application of the drugs and their expected efficacy in the future.
Magic Bullets, Miracle Drugs, and Microbiologists: A History of the Microbiome and Metagenomics
by William C. SummersMagic Bullets, Miracle Drugs, and Microbiologists Magic Bullets, Miracle Drugs, and Microbiologists: A History of the Microbiome and Metagenomics by William C. Summers is an enlightening journey through the fascinating world of microbiology, exploring its history, challenges, and the revolutionary concept of the microbiome. Summers draws from his unique perspective as both a practicing microbiologist and a historian of science, influenced by early microbiological literature and his own extensive career, presenting how our understanding of microbes evolved from concepts of simple germs to complex, essential elements of life. Summers skillfully ties together key players and eras in the microbial sciences into a concise narrative, from early microscopic observations to the revolutionary developments in genetic analysis and metagenomics, highlighting our ever-evolving understanding of the diverse microbial world. Magic Bullets, Miracle Drugs, and Microbiologists is a compelling read for anyone interested in the profound impact of microorganisms on our world. “Bill Summers artfully explains how, over the past century, scientists have synthesized new disciplines and embraced evolving technologies to develop new concepts about how germs behave in microbial communities and what their relationship is to the environment, human health, and epidemic diseases. Skillfully written in engaging prose, this book will be valuable to microbiologists, epidemiologists, medical historians, and geneticists seeking to better understand the historic roots of twenty-first century microbiology.” — Powel H Kazanjian, University of Michigan Medical School and Author of Frederick Novy and the Development of Bacteriology in Medicine
Magic Pill: The Extraordinary Benefits and Disturbing Risks of the New Weight-Loss Drugs
by Johann HariThe bestselling author of Lost Connections and Stolen Focus offers a revelatory look at the new drugs transforming weight loss as we know it—from his personal experience on Ozempic to our ability to heal our society&’s dysfunctional relationship with food, weight, and our bodies.In January 2023, Johann Hari started to inject himself once a week with Ozempic, one of the new drugs that produces significant weight loss. He wasn&’t alone—some predictions suggest that in a few years, a quarter of the U.S. population will be taking these drugs. While around 80 percent of diets fail, someone taking one of the new drugs will lose up to a quarter of their body weight in six months. To the drugs&’ defenders, here is a moment of liberation from a condition that massively increases your chances of diabetes, cancer, and an early death. Still, Hari was wildly conflicted. Can these drugs really be as good as they sound? Are they a magic solution—or a magic trick? Finding the answer to this high-stakes question led him on a journey from Iceland to Minneapolis to Tokyo, and to interview the leading experts in the world on these questions. He found that along with the drug&’s massive benefits come twelve significant potential risks. He also found that these drugs radically challenge what we think we know about shame, willpower, and healing. What do they reveal about the nature of obesity itself? What psychological issues begin to emerge when our eating patterns are suddenly disrupted? Are the drugs a liberation or a further symptom of our deeply dysfunctional relationship with food? These drugs are about to change our world, for better and for worse. Everybody needs to understand how they work—scientifically, emotionally, and culturally. Magic Pill is an essential guide to the revolution that has already begun, and which one leading expert argues will be as transformative as the invention of the smartphone.
Magico-Religious Groups and Ritualistic Activities: A Guide for First Responders
by Tony M. KailMore than just a litany of artifacts, rituals, and symbols, this valuable book provides a cultural bridge for emergency responders. It places the information in a relevant context and offers crucial keys to communication, assessment, and treatment in culturally sensitive situations. Beginning with the importance of trans-cultural communication, the book separates fact from fantasy regarding Neo-Paganism, Santeria, Bantu religion (Palo Mayombe), Voodoo, and Curanderismo. Promoting functional cultural competency, this book provides the tools to properly assess situations, open lines of communication, protect cultural diversity, and provide effective emergency treatment.
Magische Momente in der Altenpflege: Wie Empathie und Begegnung in der Pflege gelingen
by Sonja SchiffAltenpflege ist Beziehungs- und Gefühlsarbeit. Sie erfordert Mut und Kompetenz, mit der Vergangenheit alter Menschen umzugehen, mit erlebtem Lebensglück ebenso wie mit Trauer und Verzweiflung. Bei vielen Pflegenden gibt es eine Sehnsucht nach Begegnungen mit alten Menschen. Trotzdem bleiben viele Kontakte, aus Unsicherheit oder Angst, an der Oberfläche. Eine wesentliche empathische Erfahrung geht damit verloren. Denn es können besondere Begegnungen entstehen, wenn Pflegepersonen es wagen, sich wirklich auf alte Menschen einzulassen. Genau diese magischen Momente sind es, die Altenpflege für viele Pflegende so spannend machen. Sie stärken die Berufszufriedenheit, geben Kraft für schwierige berufliche Zeiten und sind ein, bis dato völlig unterschätzter Grund, warum Pflegende im Beruf bleiben. Sonja Schiff erzählt ihre eigenen Schlüsselerlebnisse mit alten Menschen und lässt auch andere Personen - unterschiedliche Professionisten aus der Altenpflege- und Altenbetreuung - in Form von strukturierten Interviews zu Wort kommen. Es entstanden Geschichten, die die Leserin/den Leser tief berühren und Kraft geben. Gepaart mit einem leidenschaftlichen Plädoyer für eine dringende Weiterentwicklung der Altenpflege und Kritik am bestehenden System, geht sie auch der Frage nach, welchen Anteil Pflegepersonen selbst an der Erreichung eines magischen Moments haben und wie sie diese umsetzen können. Jedes Kapitel wird eingeleitet und mit Aufgaben beendet, die zum Ausprobieren motivieren. Ein "Mutmach-Buch" für alle Pflege- und Betreuungskräfte der Altenpflege. Es richtet sich aber auch an Führungskräfte von Altenpflegeeinrichtungen, Angehörige und sozialpolitisch tätige Personen.
Magnesium Alloys as Degradable Biomaterials
by Yufeng ZhengMagnesium Alloys as Degradable Biomaterials provides a comprehensive review of the biomedical applications of biodegradable magnesium and its alloys. Magnesium has seen increasing use in orthopedic and cardiovascular applications over the last decade, particularly for coronary stents and bone implants.The book discusses the basic concepts of biodeg
Magnesium Alloys for Biomedical Applications: Advances and Challenges
by Deepak Kumar Nooruddin AnsariMagnesium alloys have enormous potential for use in biomedical implants. Magnesium Alloys for Biomedical Applications delves into recent advances and prospects for implementation and provides scientific insights into current issues posed by Mg alloy materials. It provides an overview of research on their mechanical and tribological characteristics, corrosion tendencies, and biological characteristics, with a particular emphasis on biomedical implants. Details the fundamentals of Mg alloys as well as necessary surface modifications of Mg alloys for biomedical use. Discusses emerging Mg alloys and their composites. Covers mechanical, tribological, and chemical properties, as well as fatigue and corrosion. Highlights emerging manufacturing methods and advancements in new alloy design, composite manufacturing, unique structure design, surface modification, and recyclability. Helps readers identify appropriate Mg-based materials for their applications and select optimal improvement methods. Summarizes current challenges and suggests a roadmap for future research. Aimed at researchers in materials and biomedical engineering, this book explores the many breakthroughs achieved with these materials and where the field should concentrate to ensure the development of safe and reliable Mg alloy-based implants.
Magnesium Biomaterials
by Nicholas Travis Kirkland Nick BirbilisMagnesium Biomaterials provides a succinct up-to-date overview of Magnesium biomaterial development, critically examines the types of in vitro experiments that may be performed, and investigates the numerous variables that affect Magnesium biodegradation when undertaking these experiments. This work also discusses the direction in which current Magnesium biomaterial development is heading and the necessary steps for future development of this field. Information is drawn from numerous multi-disciplinary sources to provide a coherent and critical overview. Magnesium Biomaterials is ideal for researchers in the area of bio-Mg, companies interested in exploring their own alloys, and for researchers working with other biodegradable materials who are seeking a cross-platform understanding of material performance.
Magnesium and Its Alloys as Implant Materials: Corrosion, Mechanical and Biological Performances
by Mirco Peron Filippo Berto Jan TorgersenDespite their tremendous potential, Mg and its alloys are not yet used in biomedical applications. This book aims to provide scientific insights into the challenges of the materials, and give an overview of the research regarding their mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour and biological performances. The authors intend to put the reader into the position to accurate discern the proper Mg-based material for his/her applications and to choose the proper improvement strategy to his/her cause. To this aim, the manuscript is structured as follow: in Section 2, the main challenges hampering the use of magnesium in biomedical applications and the common improvement strategies are listed. In Section 3, the most investigated Mg alloys are reported in separate sub-sections, detailing their mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour and biotoxicity. High-pure and ultra-high-pure Mg, Al-based Mg alloys, Zn-based Mg alloys, Ca-based alloys and RE-based Mg alloys have been considered. In Section 4, the alloys’ performances with respect to the challenges is summarized providing the reader with useful information and suggestions on the potentially most suited choice. Finally, in Section 5, an outlook portraying the authors’ opinion of the future development of the field will be provided. This book will allow biomedical engineers, surface scientists, material scientists, implant manufacturers and companies working on implant approval an overview of the state-of-the-art technologies adopted so far to overcome the drawbacks of Mg for biomedical applications. Particular emphasis is put on explaining the link between mechanical, corrosion and biocompatible properties of Mg and its alloys as well as their pros and cons. In doing so, the authors intend to put the reader into the position to accurate discern the proper Mg-based material for his/her applications and to choose the proper improvement strategy to his/her cause.
Magnesium in Human Health and Disease
by Victor R. Preedy Ronald Ross Watson Sherma ZibadiMagnesium is an essential mineral which is required for growth and survival of humans. Since magnesium is a mineral and not synthesizable it must be obtained through dietary foods and/or supplements. Magnesium in Human Health and Disease reviews the benefits of magnesium supplementation to reach recommended intakes as well as provides new research that suggests how reaching levels above the recommended intakes can promote health and treat various diseases. Magnesium deficiency can cause low serum potassium and calcium levels, retention of sodium, and low circulating levels of regulatory hormones. These changes in nutrients cause neurological and muscular symptoms such as tremor and muscle spasms. Further magnesium deficiency causes loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, personality changes and death from heart failure. Causes of magnesium deficiency include alcohol abuse, poorly controlled diabetes, excessive or chronic vomiting and/or diarrhea. Thus the effects of inadequate and deficient intakes or levels of magnesium is critical to health and are reviewed by the expert clinicians in this book. Magnesium in Human Health and Disease provides the most current research to support the potential benefits or lack thereof for normal and high supplementation with magnesium. Animal model research and early human trials are reviewed to document other disease states such as hypertension, cholesterol level, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease that would benefit from increased magnesium.
Magnesium: Applications in Clinical Medicine
by Erine A. Kupetsky D. O.Magnesium is an essential mineral required by humans, playing an important role in multiple biochemical processes as well as preventing and managing several diseases and disorders. Deficiencies of magnesium can lead to a wide range of medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension. <P><P>With myocardial infarction and stroke being the first and fifth cause of mortality in the United States, the pharmaceutical industry has been trying to produce therapies that reduce co-morbidity and mortality. Recent observational studies of magnesium have added to the list of potential therapeutic modalities that have been proven useful in reducing hypertension, stroke sequalae, metabolic syndrome/dyslipidemia, and inflammatory diseases. Magnesium therapeutic modalities also have impacts in the fields of neurology, the elderly, and in obstetrics. <P><P>Magnesium: Applications in Clinical Medicine explores the many uses of magnesium and its applications in clinical medicine. <P><P>Features: <li>Presents information on the impacts magnesium has on various aspects of health conditions and disease prevention. <li>Describes magnesium usage in treating and managing several conditions including dyslipidemia, migraine, metabolic syndrome, and high blood pressure. <li>Discusses magnesium therapy in stroke and magnesium deficiency in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. <li>Promotes knowledge of overall health and wellness that can be applied in any specialty of medicine. <P><P>This book encompasses various uses of magnesium in a clinical setting ranging from its role in maintaining homeostasis, to its uses in the fields of dermatology, cardiology, neurology, and in obstetrics. Written by contributors who are experts in their fields, it is a comprehensive collaboration of this ubiquitous dietary supplement’s applications in clinical medicine.
Magnesium: It's Biologic Significance (Routledge Revivals)
by Jerry K. AikawaFirst Published in 1981, this book offers a full, comprehensive guide into the aspects of magnesium and its effect on our bodies, ecosystem, and much more. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes and references this book is a useful reference for Dieticians, Physicians, and Students in their respective fields.
Magnetic Nanoheterostructures: Diagnostic, Imaging and Treatment (Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology)
by Surender Kumar Sharma Yasir JavedThis book contains most updated information on synthesis of magnetic nanohybrids, their physio-chemical properties, and key biological applications. It highlights the complexity of nanoheterostructures, especially magnetic metal oxides, ferrites and doped magnetic nanomaterials, and discusses their potential applications in the early detection, imaging and treatment of cancer. It also covers the toxicity and risk assessment of multifunctional nanomaterials. Providing an overview of magnetic nanoheterostructures, it appeals to a wide audience, from beginners and graduate-level students to experts in academia and industry.
Magnetic Nanoparticles: A New Platform for Drug Delivery (Gels Horizons: From Science to Smart Materials)
by Vijay Kumar Thakur K. S. Joshy Thomas SabuThis volume covers current research in the usage of magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery. It discusses synthesis methods, stabilizers used for surface coating on MNPs, and potential target ligands which can be used to ferry payloads to the targeted disease region. It also highlights the factors affecting delivery efficiency and toxicity, as well as the different routes of administration. The content also focus on the use of these carriers for gene therapy and to target brain tumors. This volume will be of interest to researchers working on drug discovery and delivery platforms.
Magnetic Resonance Angiography
by James C. Carr Timothy J. CarrollMagnetic Resonance Angiography: Principles and Applications is a comprehensive text covering magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in current clinical use. The first part of the book focuses on techniques, with chapters on contrast-enhanced MRA, time of flight, phase contrast, time-resolved angiography, and coronary MRA, as well as several chapters devoted to new non-contrast MRA techniques. Additionally, chapters describe in detail specific topics such as high-field MRA, susceptibility-weighted imaging, acceleration strategies such as parallel imaging, vessel wall imaging, targeted contrast agents, and low dose contrast-enhanced MRA. The second part of the book covers clinical applications of MRA, with each chapter describing the MRA techniques and protocols for a particular disease and vascular territory, as well as the pathology and imaging findings relevant to the disease state being discussed. Magnetic Resonance Angiography: Principles and Applications is designed to bring together into a single textbook all of the MRA techniques in clinical practice today and will be a valuable resource for practicing radiologists and other physicians involved in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases, as well as biomedical physicists, MRI technologists, residents, and fellows. Editors James C. Carr, MD, is the Director of Cardiovascular Imaging and Associate Professor of Radiology and Medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Timothy J. Carroll, PhD, is the Director of MRI Research and Associate Professor in the Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA. Magnetic Resonance Angiography: Principles and Applications is designed to bring together into a single textbook all of the MRA techniques in clinical practice today and will be a valuable resource for practicing radiologists and other physicians involved in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases, as well as biomedical physicists, MRI technologists, residents, and fellows. Editors James C. Carr, MD, is Director of Cardiovascular Imaging and Associate Professor of Radiology and Medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Timothy J. Carroll, PhD, is Assistant Professor in the Department of Radiology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Editors James C. Carr, MD, is Director of Cardiovascular Imaging and Associate Professor of Radiology and Medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Timothy J. Carroll, PhD, is the Director of MRI Research and Associate Professor in the Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology at Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging: Modeling and Data Analysis Using R (Use R!)
by Jörg Polzehl Karsten TabelowThis book discusses the modeling and analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data acquired from the human brain. The data processing pipelines described rely on R. The book is intended for readers from two communities: Statisticians who are interested in neuroimaging and looking for an introduction to the acquired data and typical scientific problems in the field; and neuroimaging students wanting to learn about the statistical modeling and analysis of MRI data. Offering a practical introduction to the field, the book focuses on those problems in data analysis for which implementations within R are available. It also includes fully worked examples and as such serves as a tutorial on MRI analysis with R, from which the readers can derive their own data processing scripts. The book starts with a short introduction to MRI and then examines the process of reading and writing common neuroimaging data formats to and from the R session. The main chapters cover three common MR imaging modalities and their data modeling and analysis problems: functional MRI, diffusion MRI, and Multi-Parameter Mapping. The book concludes with extended appendices providing details of the non-parametric statistics used and the resources for R and MRI data.The book also addresses the issues of reproducibility and topics like data organization and description, as well as open data and open science. It relies solely on a dynamic report generation with knitr and uses neuroimaging data publicly available in data repositories. The PDF was created executing the R code in the chunks and then running LaTeX, which means that almost all figures, numbers, and results were generated while producing the PDF from the sources.