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Medical Writing in Drug Development: A Practical Guide for Pharmaceutical Research
by Robert J BonkA guide through the maze of the pharmaceutical research and development process, Medical Writing in Drug Development fills a gap in the libraries of technical writers, college instructors, and corporate professionals associated with the pharmaceutical process. As it discusses critical information, such as strategies and techniques pivotal to crafting documents for drug development, it also overviews drug research, document types, the roles of professional writers, and information technology. In no time at all, you will be creating persuasive technical documents, building complex facts into coherent messages, and contributing to the effective marketing of new products with promotional pieces that meet legal and ethical standards.Medical Writing in Drug Development helps medical writers and scientific, regulatory, and marketing professionals develop a working knowledge of the technical documents crucial to successful drug research. New and seasoned professional writers alike will benefit from the book's detailed discussions of:using abstracts, slides, and posters to present up-to-the-minute researchhow patient-education materials, health-economic assessments, and electronic journals provide ongoing challenges in medical writinga dossier approach that expedites regulatory submissions for international drug developmentstructural constraints and rhetorical approaches toward regulatory documentspresenting intricate information in scientifically unbiased, yet technically convincing languagethe effects of electronic publishing, computer graphics, and related technology on the practice of medical writing within pharmaceutical researchPractical as a foundation text for undergraduate, graduate, and certificate programs in pharmaceutical or medical technical writing, Medical Writing in Drug Development will help you develop practical strategies for handling journal manuscripts, conference materials, and promotional pieces. No other text will clarify the main aspects of the pharmaceutical research and development process while offering you insight on the key issues dominating the healthcare arena.
The Medicalization of America's Schools
by Joel MachtThis book challenges the validity of ADHD, learning disabilities, and dyslexia as meaningful special education "categories" and critically examines the misplaced medical model from which they are derived. The presumption that these disabilities cause school-related problems detracts from identifying factors within the classroom that create and maintain a child's underachievement and disruptive behavior. Moreover, when the disability is finally named, it provides no functional information that translates into effective coping strategies. Macht delves into the misunderstood structure of these disabilities, pointing out that they are not verifiable disabilities but weak constructs that poorly describe each child's uniqueness. Finally, he provides an alternative model based on children's strengths rather than their deficiencies, and presents strategies that advance school-related success.
The Medicalization of Birth and Death
by Lauren K. HallImproving how individuals give birth and die in the United States requires reforming the regulatory, reimbursement, and legal structures that centralize care in hospitals and prevent the growth of community-based alternatives.In 1900, most Americans gave birth and died at home, with minimal medical intervention. By contrast, most Americans today begin and end their lives in hospitals. The medicalization we now see is due in large part to federal and state policies that draw patients away from community-based providers, such as birth centers and hospice care, and toward the most intensive and costliest kinds of care. But the evidence suggests that birthing and dying people receive too much—even harmful—medical intervention.In The Medicalization of Birth and Death, political scientist Lauren K. Hall describes how and why birth and death became medicalized events. While hospitalization provides certain benefits, she acknowledges, it also creates harms, limiting patient autonomy, driving up costs, and causing a cascade of interventions, many with serious side effects. Tracing the regulatory, legal, and financial policies that centralize care during birth and death, Hall argues that medicalization reduces competition, stifles innovation, and prevents individuals from accessing the most appropriate care during their most vulnerable moments. She also examines the profound implications of policy-enforced medicalization on informed consent and shows how medicalization challenges the healthcare community's most foundational ethical commitments.Drawing on interviews with medical and nonmedical healthcare providers, as well as surveys of patients and their families, Hall provides a broad overview of the costs, benefits, and origins of medicalized birth and death. The Medicalization of Birth and Death is required reading for academics, patients, providers, policymakers, and anyone else interested in how policy shapes healthcare options and limits patients and providers during life's most profound moments.
The Medicalization of Cyberspace
by Andy Miah Emma RichThe entire infrastructure and culture of medicine is being transformed by digital technology, the Internet and mobile devices. Cyberspace is now regularly used to provide medical advice and medication, with great numbers of sufferers immersing themselves within virtual communities. What are the implications of this medicalization of cyberspace for how people make sense of health and identity? The Medicalization of Cyberspace is the first book to explore the relationship between digital culture and medical sociology. It examines how technology is redefining expectations of and relationships with medical culture, addressing the following questions: How will the rise of digital communities affect traditional notions of medical expertise? What will the medicalization of cyberspace mean in a new era of posthuman enhancements? How should we regard hype and exaggeration about science in the media and how can this encourage public engagement with bioethics? This book looks at the complex interactions between health, medicalization, cyberculture, the body and identity. It addresses topical issues, such as medical governance, reproductive rights, eating disorders, Web 2.0, and perspectives on posthumanism. It is essential reading for healthcare professionals and social, philosophical and cultural theorists of health.
The Medicalization of Marijuana: Legitimacy, Stigma, and the Patient Experience
by Michelle Newhart William DolphinMedical marijuana laws have spread across the U.S. to all but a handful of states. Yet, eighty years of social stigma and federal prohibition creates dilemmas for patients who participate in state programs. The Medicalization of Marijuana takes the first comprehensive look at how patients negotiate incomplete medicalization and what their experiences reveal about our relationship with this controversial plant as it is incorporated into biomedicine. Is cannabis used similarly to other medicines? Drawing on interviews with midlife patients in Colorado, a state at the forefront of medical cannabis implementation, this book explores the practical decisions individuals confront about medical use, including whether cannabis will work for them; the risks of registering in a state program; and how to handle questions of supply, dosage, and routines of use. Individual stories capture how patients redefine and reclaim cannabis use as legitimate—individually and collectively—and grapple with an inherently political identity. These experiences help illustrate how stigma, prejudice, and social change operate. By positioning cannabis use within sociological models of medical behavior, Newhart and Dolphin provide a wide-reaching, theoretically informed analysis of the issue that expands established concepts and provides new insight on medical cannabis and how state programs work.
The Medicalization of Society: On the Transformation of Human Conditions into Treatable Disorders
by Peter ConradOver the past half-century, the social terrain of health and illness has been transformed. What were once considered normal human events and common human problems—birth, aging, menopause, alcoholism, and obesity—are now viewed as medical conditions. For better or worse, medicine increasingly permeates aspects of daily life.Building on more than three decades of research, Peter Conrad explores the changing forces behind this trend with case studies of short stature, social anxiety, "male menopause," erectile dysfunction, adult ADHD, and sexual orientation. He examines the emergence of and changes in medicalization, the consequences of the expanding medical domain, and the implications for health and society. He finds in recent developments—such as the growing number of possible diagnoses and biomedical enhancements—the future direction of medicalization. Conrad contends that the impact of medical professionals on medicalization has diminished. Instead, the pharmaceutical and biotechnical industries, insurance companies and HMOs, and the patient as consumer have become the major forces promoting medicalization. This thought-provoking study offers valuable insight into not only how medicalization got to this point but also how it may continue to evolve.
The Medicalized Body and Anesthetic Culture: The Cadaver, The Memorial Body, And The Recovery Of Lived Experience
by Brent Dean RobbinsThis book examines how modern medicine’s mechanistic conception of the body has become a defense mechanism to cope with death anxiety. Robbins draws from research on the phenomenology of the body, the history of cadaver dissection, and empirical research in terror management theory to highlight how medical culture operates as an agent which promotes anesthetic consciousness as a habit of perception. In short, modern medicine’s comportment toward the cadaver promotes the suppression of the memory of the person who donated their body. This suppression of the memorial body comes at the price of concealing the lived, experiential body of patients in medical practice. Robbins argues that this style of coping has influenced Western culture and has helped to foster maladaptive patterns of perception associated with experiential avoidance, diminished empathy, death denial, and the dysregulation of emotion.
Medicalizing Blackness: Making Racial Difference in the Atlantic World, 1780-1840
by Rana A. HogarthIn 1748, as yellow fever raged in Charleston, South Carolina, doctor John Lining remarked, "There is something very singular in the constitution of the Negroes, which renders them not liable to this fever." Lining's comments presaged ideas about blackness that would endure in medical discourses and beyond. In this fascinating medical history, Rana A. Hogarth examines the creation and circulation of medical ideas about blackness in the Atlantic World during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. She shows how white physicians deployed blackness as a medically significant marker of difference and used medical knowledge to improve plantation labor efficiency, safeguard colonial and civic interests, and enhance control over black bodies during the era of slavery. Hogarth refigures Atlantic slave societies as medical frontiers of knowledge production on the topic of racial difference. Rather than looking to their counterparts in Europe who collected and dissected bodies to gain knowledge about race, white physicians in Atlantic slaveholding regions created and tested ideas about race based on the contexts in which they lived and practiced. What emerges in sharp relief is the ways in which blackness was reified in medical discourses and used to perpetuate notions of white supremacy.
Medicalizing Counselling
by Tom StrongThis book discusses how counselling, a profession known for diverse and innovative practices, has recently been influenced by scientific, marketplace, and administrative developments corresponding with a medicalized focus on psychiatric diagnoses and related evidence-based treatments. Tensions associated with this medicalized focus refer to competing logics and accountabilities regarding how to understand and address concerns brought to counselling. Tom Strong reviews such tensions as they relate to counsellors’ approaches to practice experienced as incompatible with a medicalized approach. The role of media and technology, therapy culture, and counsellor education, are examined with respect to medicalizing tensions that professionals and clients of counselling increasingly face. The book will interest readers who share concerns regarding the potential for a mental health monoculture grounded in the diagnose and treatment logic of medicalized counselling.
Medicalizing Ethnicity: The Construction of Latino Identity in a Psychiatric Settings
by Vilma Santiago-IrizarryIn Medicalizing Ethnicity, Vilma Santiago-Irizarry shows how commendable intentions can produce unintended consequences. Santiago-Irizarry conducted ethnographic fieldwork in three bilingual, bicultural psychiatric programs for Latino patients at public mental health facilities in New York City. The introduction of "cultural sensitivity" in mental health clinics, she concludes, led doctors to construct essentialized, composite versions of Latino ethnicity in their drive to treat mental illness with sensitivity. The author demonstrates that stressing Latino differences when dealing with patients resulted not in empowerment, as intended, but in the reassertion of Anglo-American standards of behavior in the guise of psychiatric categories by which Latino culture was negatively defined. For instance, doctors routinely translated their patients' beliefs in the Latino religious traditions of espiritismo and Santeria into psychiatric terms, thus treating these beliefs as pathologies. Interpreting mental health care through the framework of culture and politics has potent effects on the understanding of "normality" toward which such care aspires. At the core of Medicalizing Ethnicity is the very definition of multiculturalism used by a variety of institutional settings in an attempt to mandate equality.
Medically Speaking: A Dictionary of Quotations on Dentistry, Medicine and Nursing
by C.C. GaitherMedically Speaking: A Dictionary of Quotations on Dentistry, Medicine, and Nursing contains over 1,500 quotes pertinent and especially illuminating to these disciplines. Here you will find quotations from the most famous to the unknown. Some are profound, some are witty, some are wise but none are frivolous. The extensive author and subject indexes
Medically Unexplained Symptoms: A Brain-Centered Approach
by Robert W. BalohDespite the rapid advances in medical science, the majority of people who visit a doctor have medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), symptoms that remain a mystery despite extensive diagnostic studies. The most common MUS are back pain, abdominal pain, headache, fatigue, and dizziness. This book addresses the obstacles of managing people with MUS in our modern day society from both a historical and contemporary perspective.Most MUS are psychosomatic in origin, caused by a complex interaction between nature and nurture, between biological and psychosocial factors. Psychosomatic symptoms are as real and as severe as the symptoms associated with structural damage to the brain. Unique and concise, the book explores the biological and psychosocial mechanisms, the clinical features, and current and future treatments of common MUS. Exploring the unsolved in an accessible manner, Medically Unexplained Symptoms invokes the methodologies of medical science, history, and sociology to investigate how brain flaws can lead to debilitating symptoms.
Medically Unexplained Symptoms, Somatisation and Bodily Distress
by Francis Creed Peter Henningsen Per FinkMedically unexplained symptoms and somatisation are the fifth most common reason for visits to doctors in the USA, and form one of the most expensive diagnostic categories in Europe. The range of disorders involved includes irritable bowel syndrome, chronic widespread pain and chronic fatigue syndrome. This book reviews the current literature, clarifies and disseminates clear information about the size and scope of the problem, and discusses current and future national and international guidelines. It also identifies barriers to progress and makes evidence-based recommendations for the management of medically unexplained symptoms and somatisation. Written and edited by leading experts in the field, this authoritative text defines international best practice and is an important resource for psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, primary care doctors and those responsible for establishing health policy.
Medicare (Idiot's Guides)
by Tanya FekeDemystify the confusing web of medicare.Despite its widespread use, this complex program is often very hard to understand. Idiot's Guides: Medicare is an easy-to-understand guide that explains all of the benefits, rules, and processes. Clear, step-by-step instructions enable you navigate this complicated program.You'll learn how to find the right plan and avoid mistakes so that Medicare can serve you and your family. Learn what Medicare does and does not cover. Discover how much it will cost and how to reduce expenses. Not sure whether you're covered or how long you're covered? There is a section for that, too!The comprehensive guide also contains:• The history of the program;• The limitatoes of Medicare and how it works with insurance;• A breakdown of the costs;• Guidance on how Medicare fits into retirement planning;• Thorough coverage of the prescription drug program, Part D;• Closing the Medicare coverage gaps; and• Medicare's future and what it means for you.
Medicare and You 2011
by Department of Health Human ServicesThe official government handbook with important information about: new changes to Medicare; your Medicare benefits; choosing a health plan that's right for you; & your Medicare privacy rights.
Medicare Coverage of Routine Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction
by Committee on Medicare Coverage of Routine Thyroid ScreeningA report on the Medicare Coverage of Routine Screening for Thyroid Dysfunction
Medicare for All: An Economic Rationale
by Ken LefkowitzHealthcare continues to be one of the defining political issues in the US. Though many progressives argue for an overhaul of the current system based on ethical or humanitarian principles, this important book offers an economic rationale for providing healthcare for all. The purpose of Medicare For All: An Economic Rationale is to demonstrate how current runaway healthcare prices can be addressed by implementing the cost-effectiveness of Medicare for All. Written by a former Corporate Director and healthcare consultant, this book illustrates why the current free market model for healthcare is ultimately failing the country by not containing rising healthcare costs, which has a severe economic impact on all Americans, including those covered by employer medical plans. Major factors in that failure; the lack of transparency, human decision factors, and high administrative costs in the current system are explored. The book demonstrates that implementing Medicare For All, providing comprehensive benefits with no copays, private insurance premiums, deductibles, or other cost-sharing, will not only improve the lives of most Americans, but will be far more cost-effective than the present system. This is an incisive, important contribution to a topic that continues to shape American political discourse and will be of interest to scholars and professionals engaged in this area as well as politicians and the public in general.
Medicare For Dummies
by Patricia BarryGet tips on navigating the Medicare maze Determine the best time to enroll—and how Save money by avoiding costly mistakes Medicare made easy So you've become eligible for Medicare, or perhaps a loved one is ready to join. Now what? This book answers all the questions you'll face as you navigate your way through this often-intimidating new terrain. You'll find out how to get all the benefits you qualify for and avoid the pitfalls that could cost you dearly. Making sense of Medicare can seem insurmountable—but this guide gives you the accurate, practical information you need to overcome the confusion and wield your Medicare card with confidence! Inside… Enroll at the right time Reduce out-of-pocket expenses Know your rights Find out what's covered Decide which options are best Deal with Medigap coverage
Medicare For Dummies
by Patricia BarryMedicare made simple Medicare brings valuable benefits to more than 58 million people and growing, but most of us don’t even know the basics of how Medicare can work best for us. That’s where Medicare For Dummies, 4th Edition comes in, explaining how this complex system functions and helping you confidently navigate your way through the maze to get the most out of your coverage. This indispensable resource untangles Medicare in friendly, straightforward language. Step by step, you’ll learn when and how to enroll, ways to avoid costly mistakes, and how to find the plan that brings the most benefit to you and your family. Reduce out-of-pocket expenses Know your rights and protections Choose the best policy for you Using this reassuring and comprehensive guide, you’ll be able to get the answers to all your questions, find guidance on how to act—and then get on with getting the benefits you need.
Medicare For Dummies
by Patricia BarryCracking the Medicare code Medicare For Dummies is your ultimate cheat sheet to demystifying Medicare. This newly updated guide covers the latest changes in benefits, including expanded coverage for mental health and chronic pain. In simple language and clear step-by-step instructions, this bestseller walks you through the enrollment process and helps you avoid costly mistakes along the way. You'll learn how to reduce your out-of-pocket expenses, and you'll get trusted guidance on finding the perfect policy for you and your family. Find answers to all your Medicare questions—even those you wouldn't think to ask—so you can develop a solid game plan to get the most out of Medicare. Learn the basics of Medicare and determine the best plan option for you Reference the latest prices, coverages, and other must-know information Get tips for minimizing your out-of-pocket expenses, whatever your health situation Find clear and thorough guidance for navigating Medicare at any age If you're currently enrolled in Medicare and want to maximize their benefits, or if you#re thinking about enrolling soon, Medicare For Dummies will help you better understand the often confusing process. This book is full of examples, ideas, and useful takeaways that empower you to take control of your healthcare—and your health.
Medicare Laboratory Payment Policy: Now and in the Future
by Institute of MedicineClinical laboratory tests play an integral role in helping physicians diagnose and treat patients. New developments in laboratory technology offer the prospect of improvements in diagnosis and care, but will place an increased burden on the payment system.Medicare, the federal program providing coverage of health-care services for the elderly and disabled, is the largest payer of clinical laboratory services. Originally designed in the early 1980s, Medicare's payment policy methodology for outpatient laboratory services has not evolved to take into account technology, market, and regulatory changes, and is now outdated. This report examines the current Medicare payment methodology for outpatient clinical laboratory services in the context of environmental and technological trends, evaluates payment policy alternatives, and makes recommendations to improve the system.
Medicare Matters: What Geriatric Medicine Can Teach American Health Care
by Christine K. CasselA critical assessment of the Medicare program and what it will take to make the program work successfully for our aging population, by a physician who is one of the nation's leaders in geriatric medicine.
Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage For Dummies
by Patricia BarryConfused about Medicare's drug coverage? You're not alone. Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage For Dummies explains Part D in plain English and shows you how to find the best deal among numerous drug-coverage plan options. Whether you're new to Medicare or already in the program, you'll navigate the system with more ease and confidence, avoid pitfalls and scams, and have plenty of help choosing the plan that's right for you.This easy-to-understand, consumer-friendly guide helps you find out whether Part D affects any drug coverage you already have and weigh the consequences of going without coverage. You'll find ways to compare plans, identify the one that covers your drugs at the least cost, and make sure you sign up at the right time. And you'll learn how to minimize your expenses, use the "right" pharmacies, and troubleshoot any problems with your coverage. Discover how to:Decide whether you need Part DUnderstand how Part D works, from costs to coverageChoose and enroll in the best plan for youGet up and running with Part DHandle the coverage gapLower your drug costsJoin and switch plansComply with long-term-care rules and rightsChallenge plan decisionsAvoid scams and hard-sell marketingNow, more than ever, you need clear, reliable information that helps you understand Part D and make smart, cost-saving healthcare decisions. You need Medicare Prescription Drug Coverage For Dummies.
Medicare Prospective Payment and the Shaping of U.S. Health Care
by Rick Mayes Robert A. BerensonThis is the definitive work on Medicare’s prospective payment system (PPS), which had its origins in the 1972 Social Security Amendments, was first applied to hospitals in 1983, and came to fruition with the Balanced Budget Act of 1997. Here, Rick Mayes and Robert A. Berenson, M.D., explain how Medicare’s innovative payment system triggered shifts in power away from the providers (hospitals and doctors) to the payers (government insurers and employers) and how providers have responded to encroachments on their professional and financial autonomy. They conclude with a discussion of the problems with the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 and offer prescriptions for how policy makers can use Medicare payment policy to drive improvements in the U.S. health care system.Mayes and Berenson draw from interviews with more than sixty-five major policy makers—including former Treasury secretary Robert Rubin, U.S. Representatives Pete Stark and Henry Waxman, former White House chief of staff Leon Panetta, and former administrators of the Health Care Financing Administration Gail Wilensky, Bruce Vladeck, Nancy-Ann DeParle, and Tom Scully—to explore how this payment system worked and its significant effects on the U.S. medical landscape in the past twenty years. They argue that, although managed care was an important agent of change in the 1990s, the private sector has not been the major health care innovator in the United States; rather, Medicare’s transition to PPS both initiated and repeatedly intensified the economic restructuring of the U.S. health care system.
Medicare Survival Guide Advanced: Basics and Beyond
by Toni KingWhat You Don't Know Will Hurt You!Turning 65 in America is a milestone and one of the markers is enrolling in Medicare. But the system is so complicated, and there is a lot of false information out there. In Toni King's Medicare Survival Guide Advanced: Basics and Beyond, Toni gives you the critical steps you need to enroll in Medicare properly. Toni shares various situations that she has experienced with her many clients during Medicare consultations, and gives you the information and tools you need to enroll on time to avoid the "famous" Medicare Part B and D penalties. Medicare Survival Guide Advanced helps you understand Medicare step by step... Learn How to Enroll the Correct Way • Still Working Past 65 • Turning 65 • VA Benefits • Laid-off or Retiring What Medicare Option Is Best for You • Medicare Supplement vs. Advantage • Losing Retirement Benefits How to Avoid • The Donut Hole • Part B Penalties • Part D IRMAA Penalties If you are enrolling in Medicare and are confused by the commercials and telemarketers, or from the information that well-meaning friends or family members give, let Toni guide you through the maze of Medicare.