- Table View
- List View
Mycotoxins and Mycotoxicoses
by Karuna Singh Ankita KumariThis book presents a comprehensive view on mycotoxins of agricultural as well as non-agricultural environments and their health effects in humans and animals. Mycotoxins have immunosuppressive effects; but some of them can cause cancers, mutagenicity, neurotoxicity, liver and kidney damage, birth defects, DNA damage and respiratory disorders. The problem of mycotoxins is long-lasting and their direct or indirect exposures to humans and animals must be further discussed. The first chapter will cover the historical perspective of mycotoxins along with timeline while the second one will provide overview including classification of mycotoxins and mycotoxicoses. The comprehensive information/ literature on traditional, emerging and mushroom mycotoxins will be given in chapters 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Chapter 6 will deal with mycotoxins co-occurrence poisoning whereas new and masked mycotoxins will be described in chapter 7. The important aspects of mycotoxin studies like extraction, characterization and analysis and management strategies will be summarized in 8 and 9 chapters. The last chapter of the book will cover the recent developments in toxicokinetic studies of mycotoxins. The book will have the most up-to-date information and recent discoveries to deliver accurate data and to illustrate essential points to a wide range of readers including mycologists, clinicians, agricultural scientists, chemists, veterinarians, environmentalists and food scientists.
Mycotoxins and Their Metabolites in Humans and Animals
by Martin WeidenbörnerA mycotoxin is a toxin produced by a fungus under special conditions of moisture and temperature. These fungi are aerobic and microscopic and, moreover, may colonize many kinds of food from the field to the table. Mycotoxins are not only a spoilage issue for food, but in high doses can be a serious health threat for humans. The book will be similar to Weidenborner's previous two books - "Mycotoxins in Feedstuffs" and "Mycotoxins in Foodstuffs" - in that it will be a review of the literature to create a comprehensive reference for mycotoxin levels. It will be his third (and last) book on the topic, this time focusing on the incidence of a mycotoxin in humans and/or animals (natural or artificial incidence). Each entry will include contamination, concentration rate, mean concentration of organs (humans and animals) with a mycotoxin, as well as sample constitution (where possible) and country of origin of the sample.
Mycotoxins in Feedstuffs
by Martin WeidenbörnerThe third edition features a re-organization into multiple sections including: Mycotoxin Contamination in Feedstuffs for Farm Animals; Mycotoxin Contamination in Feedstuffs for Pets; Further Mycotoxins and Microbial Metabolites in Feedstuffs; Tables of Mycotoxins in Feedstuffs; Feedstuffs for Farm Animals and their Mycotoxins; Feedstuffs for Pets and their Mycotoxins; Mycotoxin Contamination of Feedstuffs in Conventional and Organic Farming; and Geographical Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Feedstuffs.
Mycotoxins in Food, Feed and Bioweapons
by Ajit Varma Mahendra RaiMycotoxins are made by different biosynthetic pathways, and they have an extremely wide range of pharmacological effects. This book will update readers on several cutting-edge aspects of mycotoxin research, including topics such as: new analytical methods for detection; the adoption of an ancient Mexican process for detoxification of aflatoxins; mycotoxin management in Ireland, Lithuania and South America; mycotoxin reduction through plant breeding and integrated management practices; and natural aflatoxin inhibitors from medicinal plants. Further contributions examine ochratoxins, selected trichothecenes, zearalenone, and aflatoxin-like gene clusters, as well as sclerotial development in Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Of particular interest are the chapters on the potential use of mycotoxins as bioweapons. This book will stimulate new thinking on the need to develop therapeutic as well as preventative interventions to reduce the toxicological threat of mycotoxins.
Mycotoxins: Detection Methods, Management, Public Health and Agricultural Trade
by J. Leslie Ramananda Bandyopadhyay A. ViscontiMycotoxins are produced worldwide by several fungi on a wide range of agricultural commodities and are closely related to human and animal food chains. Examining mycotoxins and their impact from a public health viewpoint, this book provides an overview and introduction to the subject and examines the health, trade and legislation issues involved. Management of mycotoxins is discussed in detail as well as the global problems caused by mycotoxins.
Myelin Repair and Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis
by Ian D. Duncan Robin J FranklinMyelin Repair and Neuroprotection in Multiple Sclerosis presents an up-date on the translational potential of promoting remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS). A number of research frontiers still exist in this challenging disease. The cause remains elusive, preventing breakthroughs in its prevention. The move towards oral immunomodulatory therapies has been a major advance, as has the finding of new genes linked to susceptibility that may open the door to new therapeutic approaches. However, a frontier that has been making significant strides in recent years has been that surrounding the neurobiology of myelin regeneration and axon protection: such have been the advances that clinical translation is on the cusp of being achieved. Two broad approaches to therapeutic enhancement of remyelination are envisaged: promoting endogenous remyelination by targeting cells present in the CNS, or, replacing lost myelinating cells from exogenous sources. Current research on oligodendrocyte biology, the pathology of MS, imaging of lesions and the biology of remyelination are paving the way toward opening this new translational frontier. Professor Duncan and Professor Franklin have assembled a broad group of experts in the fields of glial cell biology, neuropathology, radiology and clinical neurology to provide the background toward taking remyelination from experimented models into MS patients.
Myelin: Basic and Clinical Advances (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1190)
by Kazunori Sango Junji Yamauchi Toru Ogata Keiichiro SusukiThis book presents the latest exciting advances in understanding of the structure and function of myelin in the central and peripheral nervous systems under normal and pathological conditions. Readers will find state of the art information from the perspectives of both basic neuroscience and clinical neurology and neuropathology. Detailed attention is paid to the findings and implications of recent research on the myelin-forming glial cells such as oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. The discussion of myelin pathology encompasses a wide range of diseases and conditions, including, for example, multiple sclerosis, Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries, brain tumors of glial cell origin, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, immune-mediated neuropathy, and diabetic neuropathy. The authors comprise researchers at the cutting edge of biotechnology and experts in the diseases discussed. The clearly written text is supported by numerous high-quality light and electron microscopy, CT, and MR images.
Myelin: Biology and Chemistry
by Russell E. MartensonMyelin: Biology and Chemistry provides in-depth reviews and discussions regarding recent findings in the biology and chemistry of myelin. Topics are interdisciplinary and carry readers from the cellular level to that of the gene. Research in demyelinating diseases (naturally occurring and experimentally produced) is described and emphasizes autoimmune and virally induced mechanisms. Advances in molecular biology, such as those that provide details of the structures of the major myelin proteins, demonstrate the control of their synthesis, and explore the mutations within their genes that disrupt the process of myelination, are discussed in depth. Myelin: Biology and Chemistry will be an important addition to the libraries of molecular biologists, biochemists, cell biologists, physical chemists, immunologists, virologists, and pathologists involved in the study of myelin.
Myelinated Fibers and Saltatory Conduction in the Shrimp
by Ke Xu Susumu TerakawaIn 1961, neurobiologists found that the conduction velocity of the nerve impulse in the giant nerve fiber of the Penaeus shrimp abdominal nerve cord was over 200 m/s, the highest speed of information transmission ever observed in the animal kingdom. The peculiar myelin sheath with its unique nodal structure and the electrical properties of the nerve fibers of the shrimp have continued to be investigated for a quarter of century and are now fully described in this book. The investigation dispels the commonly held belief that the fastest recorded impulse conduction is about 120 m/s in the thickest vertebrate myelinated nerve fibers. In the shrimp, researchers found a completely novel type of functional node in the giant fiber which they designated as the fenestration node. In portions of the myelinated fiber, the fenestration node furnished the sites of excitation. Also discovered was a new strategy for increasing impulse conduction in the shrimp. The book includes a section on the formation of the fenestration node and the discovery of a strategy that allows the shrimp to escape its predators by an action of the fastest velocity. The data presented in this volume on the myelin sheath of invertebrates present a new direction for this field and a rich source of information for neurobiologists worldwide.
Myelodysplastic Syndromes
by H. Joachim Deeg Michelle M. Le Beau David T. Bowen Steven D. Gore Charlotte Niemeyer Torsten HaferlachThe diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic disorders, is being made with increasing frequency over the past decade owing to increased recognition, improved understanding, and an aging population. This book, completely updated since the first edition, summarizes in a concise and focused way the current knowledge of all aspects of MDS. Clinical presentation, etiology, epidemiology, molecular biology, classification, and staging are all discussed. Clear guidance is provided on diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and treatment strategies are explained in detail, including administration of hematopoietic growth factors, biologically based treatment, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and supportive care. Additional chapter is devoted to MDS in children. This practically oriented book will be of value to a broad spectrum of students and practitioners in the field.
Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Diagnosis - Prognosis - Therapy (Hematologic Malignancies)
by Uwe Platzbecker Pierre FenauxThis book reviews the standard diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and examines ongoing research developments in the field. The importance of appropriate prognostic stratification, taking into account recent advances in understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MDS, is explained, and both established and novel treatment approaches are discussed in depth. The coverage includes, for example, the use of erythropoietic stimulating agents, iron chelation therapy, the immunomodulator lenalidomide, hypomethylating agents such as azacitidine, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Myelodysplastic syndromes are heterogeneous and complex hematologic disorders ranging from indolent conditions to forms approaching the aggressiveness of acute myeloid leukemia. The diversity of MDS gives rise to challenges in diagnosis and clinical decision making, and the highly variable clinical course necessitates a risk-adapted treatment strategy and the application of disease-specific therapies. Hematologists, oncologists, and other interested clinicians will find this book to be an invaluable source of information on diagnostic and prognostic evaluation and treatment selection.
Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Pathobiology and Clinical Management (Basic and Clinical Oncology)
by David P. SteensmaWritten by a team of leading authorities in pathogenesis, diagnostic techniques, and clinical management strategies in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), this text provides a concise, easy-to-follow review of the advances in the science, classification, diagnosis, and management of the condition. An ideal source for hematologists, oncologists, and can
Myeloid Leukemia
by Paula Marlton Mark Hertzberg Harry IlandA panel of internationally recognized research scientists and clinical investigators brings together a diverse collection of readily reproducible methods for identifying and quantifying a large number of specific genetic abnormalities associated with the broad spectrum of myeloid malignancies. Highlights include techniques for the detection of BCR-ABL mutations and resistance to imatinib mesylate, detection of the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome and chronic eosinophilic leukemia, classification of AML by DNA-oligonucleotide microarrays, and detection of the V617F JAK2 mutation in myeloproliferative disorders. In addition to gene rearrangments, other prognostically relevant molecular lesions such as FLT3 mutations and WT-1 overexpression are covered.
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Cancer
by David Escors Grazyna Kochan Karine Breckpot James E. Talmadge Jo A. GinderachterThe book starts with an introduction to and history of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), followed by a description of their differentiation, their role in the tumour microenvironment and their therapeutic targeting. It closes with an outlook on future developments. In cancer patients, myelopoiesis is perturbed and instead of generating immunogenic myeloid cells (such as dendritic cells, inflammatory macrophages and granulocytes), there is an increase in highly immature MDSCs. These cells are distributed systemically, resulting in general immunosuppression. They also infiltrate tumours, promoting their progression and metastasis by inhibiting the natural anti-tumour immune response. As these cells also interact with classical anti-neoplastic treatments, they have become major therapeutic targets in the pharmaceutical industry and in oncology research.
Myeloma Bone Disease
by G. David RoodmanThis state-of-the-art book presents the forefront in the science and clinical management of myeloma bone disease. Assembling the work of the world's premier thought leaders, this book begins with sections on clinical presentation, imaging, and biochemical markers and then goes on to discuss radiation, surgical, and medical therapies. Specific chapters are devoted to bisphosphonates and novel therapeutic agents, such as RANKL inhibitors, Wnt signaling inhibitors, and IMiDs. The mechanisms of osteoclast activation and osteoblast suppression in multiple myeloma are also explored. Myeloma Bone Disease is a valuable resource for medical, surgical, and radiation oncologists and cancer researchers.
Myeloma Therapy
by Sagar LonialTherapeutic options for patients with myeloma have radically changed over the past ten years. Beginning with the advances in therapy resulting from the use of high dose therapy and autologous bone marrow or stem cell transplant, we have more than doubled the median survival for patients as a whole, and have now a wealth of different biology based treatment approaches for our patients in all disease stages. The purpose of this book is to update the various treatment options for patients with myeloma, as well as to focus on the emerging and speculative aspects of myeloma therapy. This will require review of basic mechanisms of disease as well as further discussions on how these mechanisms can best be targeted. While there will be text covering most areas of myeloma therapy, the prime focus of the book will be the novel agents currently in testing as well as potential future novel targets and agents.
Myeloma: Pathology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
by Kenneth C. Anderson Stephen A. Schey Kwee L. Yong Robert Marcus Stephen A. Schey Kwee L. Yong Robert MarcusMyeloma is the second-most common hematologic cancer, accounting for approximately 1 percent of all cancers and 2 percent of all deaths from cancer. In recent years there have been major and significant advances in the diagnosis, imaging, molecular pathogenesis, and therapy of myeloma. This book describes these advances in a single, practical volume, placing them in the context of daily clinical practice. Different myeloma subtypes are discussed in individual chapters, integrating etiology, pathogenesis, molecular pathology, histology, and therapy in a single place for each condition. The book begins by discussing epidemiology, imaging techniques, pathogenesis, and other general considerations. Conditions covered in detail include multiple myeloma, POEMS syndrome, Castleman's syndrome, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, amyloidosis and MGUS. Featuring color illustrations, and written and edited by leading authorities in the field, Myeloma provides readers with the information they need to diagnose and manage these complex disorders.
Myelopathy: A Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment
by Benjamin GreenbergDisorders of the spinal cord are diverse and potentially devastating. They can present as acute, subacute and chronic disorders causing a variety of symptoms. Patients can present to pediatricians, internists, OBGYNs, emergency room physicians and neurologists requiring a diversity of clinicians to be familiar with the signs, symptoms, recommended testing and treatment options. This book comprehensively addresses myelopathies, the broad spectrum of potential pathologies. Chapters cover approaches to acute, subacute and chronic myelopathies; individual myelopathic disorders; the pathobiology, epidemiology, signs, and symptoms of the disorder; diagnostic approach, and therapeutic options. This comprehensive review is beneficial to any clinician, with special emphasis for neurologists, neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists and physiatrists.
Myeloproliferative Disorders: Biology and Management
by Ayalew Tefferi Richard T. SilverWith the recent discovery of JAK2 mutations in myeloproliferative disorders, medical science has taken a revolutionary stride forward toward understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases. This new advancement translates not only to a more rapid and reliable diagnosis, but also allows groundbreaking research into the development of new therapeuti
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
by Ayalew Tefferi Srdan VerstovsekThis succinct resource provides an ideal balance of the biology and practical therapeutic strategies for classic and non-classic BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. Utilizing current World Health Organization nomenclature, classification, and diagnostic criteria, international experts have assembled to convey the most up-to-date knowledge in this rapidly evolving field. The opening chapters cover the diagnosis and classification, genetics, cytogenetic findings, and prognostic factors of MPNs. Further chapters explore therapies specific to the different disease entities, including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytopenia, myelofibrosis, and eosinophilic disorders, and mastocytosis. Unique areas of discussion include JAK2 inhibitor therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and blastic transformation. A valuable reference for practicing hematologists, this forefront book enriches our understanding of recent discoveries and their impact on conventional and investigational treatments.
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
by Ayalew Tefferi Tiziano BarbuiThis book focuses on three of the main categories of myeloproliferative neoplasm: polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. Relevant laboratory and clinical advances are comprehensively covered, and great emphasis is placed on the practical issues that challenge physicians in their daily practice. The main topics considered thus include contemporary diagnostic approaches, the value and limitations of mutation screening for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, risk stratification in terms of both survival and other disease complications such as leukemic transformation and thrombosis, and modern therapeutic strategies, including conventional drugs, allogeneic stem cell transplantation, and experimental drugs still under study. The reader will find Critical Concepts and Management Recommendations in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms to be an invaluable and up-to-date source of information from leading authorities in the field.
Myocardial Perfusion Imaging - Beyond the Left Ventricle
by M. Elizabeth Oates Vincent L. SorrellThis book will serve as a comprehensive reference source and self-assessment guide for physicians and technologists who practice myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging. Readers will learn to identify a wide variety of findings apart from the left ventricle, including those in the chest, the abdomen, and the right heart. It is explained which findings are clinically relevant and related to the reason for the myocardial perfusion imaging examination and which are incidental, with or without important clinical ramifications. The coverage includes a wide variety of common and uncommon focal lesions (e. g. , benign or malignant neoplasms) and organ/systemic diseases (e. g. , emphysema, cirrhosis and its sequelae, cholecystitis, duodenogastric reflux/gastroparesis, end-stage renal disease) that may be detected with myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging. In addition, guidance is provided in the recognition of typical artifacts, which may appear either "hot" or "cold" on the raw (unprocessed) and processed SPECT images, and, thereby, in the avoidance of potential interpretative pitfalls.
Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy: From Request to Report
by Bob Bury Catherine Dickinson Karen Sheard Penny ThorleyThere is general recognition that nuclear cardiology, and particularly myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS), is under-utilized in the UK when compared with practice in mainland Europe and the USA. The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) is about to issue a report that will recognize the shortfall in provision, and this should lead
Myocardial Preservation: Translational Research And Clinical Application
by Dennis V. CokkinosThis timely book reveals an integrated approach to myocardial preservation focusing on translational research and clinical applications. Chapters cover both the mechanisms of heart failure in addition to therapeutic considerations, including forms of cardiac cell death, cardiac remodelling and cardiac regeneration. Potential future research directions are also proposed, enabling the reader to gain a broad in-depth understanding of the topic. Myocardial Preservation: Translational Research and Clinical Application presents a thorough review of myocardial preservation. Its comprehensive approach provides a valuable reference for cardiology researchers and practising and trainee cardiologists seeking new insight to the topic.
Myocardial Tissue Engineering
by Aldo R. Boccaccini Sian HardingMyocardial tissue engineering (MTE), a concept that intends to prolong patients' life after cardiac damage by supporting or restoring heart function, is continuously improving. Common MTE strategies include an engineered 'vehicle', which may be a porous scaffold or a dense substrate or patch, made of either natural or synthetic polymeric materials. The function of the substrate is to aid transportation of cells into the diseased region of the heart and support their integration. This book, which contains chapters written by leading experts in MTE, gives a complete analysis of the area and presents the latest advances in the field. The chapters cover all relevant aspects of MTE strategies, including cell sources, specific TE techniques and biomaterials used. Many different cell types have been suggested for cell therapy in the framework of MTE, including autologous bone marrow-derived or cardiac progenitors, as well as embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, each having their particular advantages and disadvantages. The book covers a complete range of biomaterials, examining different aspects of their application in MTE, such as biocompatibility with cardiac cells, mechanical capability and compatibility with the mechanical properties of the native myocardium as well as degradation behaviour in vivo and in vitro. Although a great deal of research is being carried out in the field, this book also addresses many questions that still remain unanswered and highlights those areas in which further research efforts are required. The book will also give an insight into clinical trials and possible novel cell sources for cell therapy in MTE.