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Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Chinese Medicines
by Nianping Feng Zhijun YangThis book describes the essential and cutting-edge concepts based on the frontier of pharmaceutical research in TCM, underlying scientific principles, and current advancements of drug delivery systems for Chinese medicines, including sustained-release drug delivery systems, trans-nasal drug delivery systems, dermal and transdermal drug delivery systems, etc. Novel carriers and emerging technologies (such as 3D printing) are also covered. The book provides readers with an overall picture of drug delivery systems for Chinese medicines and also yields benefits for the pharmaceutical industry with regard to TCM-based drug development.
Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Phytoconstituents
by Madhu Gupta Durgesh Nandini Chauhan Vikas Sharma Nagendra Singh ChauhanNovel Drug Delivery Systems for Phytoconstituents discusses general principles of drug targeting, construction material and technological concerns of different phytoconstituent in delivery systems. It focuses on the development of novel herbal formulations and summarizes their method of preparation, type of active ingredients, route of administration, biological activity and their applications. It dicusses therapeutic activities of plant derived chemicals, their limitations in clinical applications and novel drug delivery solutions to overcome them to provide better therapeutic effects with controlled and targeted drug delivery. Focus on drug delivery of phytomolecules Act as bridge between natural product scientist and clinical doctors Discusses mechanism of poor bioavailability of herbal molecules Increases awareness towards phytochemical efficacy Summarizes efficient novel delivery systems-based formulations. It extensively covers the applications of novel drug delivery systems including polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid capsules, liposomes, phytosomes, microsphere, transferosomes, and ethosomes. Some chapters are especially focused on anticancer phytodrugs, silymarin, andrographolide, berberine, and curcumin delivery with special emphasis on their application.
Novel Drug Delivery Technologies: Innovative Strategies for Drug Re-positioning
by Ambikanandan Misra Aliasgar ShahiwalaThe application of drug delivery is a valuable, cost-effective lifecycle management resource. By endowing drugs with new and innovative therapeutic benefits, drug delivery systems extend products’ profitable lifecycle, giving pharmaceutical companies competitive and financial advantages, and providing patients with improved medications. Formulation development is now being used to create new dosage forms for existing products, which not only reduces the time and expense involved in new drug development, but also helps with regard to patent protection and bypassing existing patents. Today’s culture demands convenience, a major factor determining adherence to drug therapy. Over the past few years, patient convenience-oriented research in the field of drug delivery has yielded a range of innovative drug-delivery options. As a result, various drug-delivery systems, including medicated chewing gums, oral dispersible tablets, medicated lozenges and lollipops, have now hit the market and are very popular. These dosage forms offer a highly convenient way to dose medications, not only for special population groups with swallowing difficulties, such as children and the elderly, but for the general populace as well. This book provides valuable insights into a number of formulation design approaches that are currently being used, or could be used, to provide new benefits from existing drug molecules.
Novel Drug Targets With Traditional Herbal Medicines: Scientific and Clinical Evidence
by Fatma Tuğçe Gürağaç Dereli Mert Ilhan Tarun BelwalThis book collects information about the most popular ethnomedicinal plants, which are common in Turkey and around the world. It presents the ethnopharmacological records, in vivo and in vitro studies, side effects, chemical compositions and clinical studies of these medicinal plants. Its special focus is on the novel drug targets for disease and their possible mechanisms of action. It covers botanical descriptions the status of the plants, and food or drug interactions including precautions and warnings about the plants and the available market products. It provides an explanation of recorded and known plant administration dosages. Also, the gap between the traditional practice and scientific/clinical evidences in the use of ethnomedicinal plant is acknowledged.It is well known that traditional knowledge of the use of the medicinal plants in therapy is an important resource for the discovery of novel treatment options and drug targets. The main purpose of this book is to draw attention to ethnomedicinal plant species. Data on the therapeutic potentials of these medicinal plants can now be accessed from a single source. It provides an important resource for future research opportunities for harnessing the full potential of these plants.
Novel Health Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice Program: Strategy and Implementation
by Mohammed Yahya Alnaami Dalal Abdullah Alqahtani Eiad Abdelmohsen Alfaris Hamza Mohammad Abdulghani Ciraj Ali MohammedThis book describes a novel health interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP) program established at King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The book has three main sections. The first section introduces interprofessional education's background, theory, and context for collaborative practice. This section elaborates on defining and developing centers of excellence in IPECP, defining and exploring the meaning of interprofessional collaborative practice in contemporary health care, theories of the team working relevant to health and social care systems, and learning in and about interprofessional groups and broader collaboration. The second section explains how to formulate and implement strategies for effective IPECP. It involves developing and implementing a novel health IPECP curriculum, governance, IPECP's impact and implications on health care outcomes, IPE accreditation standards, regulatory policies, and legal structures. The third section describes the result of a case study of an IPECP program established at KSU. This program is developed by the vice-rectorship for health specialties at KSU (VRHS-KSU) in collaboration with partners harvard medical international (PHMI) to enhance health professional education further through interprofessional education and collaboration. For that purpose, a strategic plan is developed to develop learning, teaching, and assessment in all health sciences colleges (HSCs), along with a governance structure to establish a joint "center of excellence in interprofessional education and collaborative practice (CoE-IPECP)". The strategic plan and design of the program summarized in this book were accomplished through several meetings, workshops, and courses conducted at KSU in Riyadh, and harvard macy institute (HMI) in Boston, USA. The toolkit for successful program implementation includes a pro forma business plan, implementation groups' training, matching needs with feasibility, and expected impact on HSCs. Initiation of pilot projects started with implementing some interprofessional courses, establishing an initial physical and IT infrastructure of the center, developing the webpage, newsletter, and listservs, and improving faculty development programs to enhance IPECP at HSCs. Also, this book is a helpful road map for other national and international universities and institutes aiming to develop their professional health education, particularly interprofessional education and collaborative practice.
Novel Immune Potentiators and Delivery Technologies for Next Generation Vaccines
by Manmohan SinghDevelopment of new-generation vaccines is now more challenging than ever, as identifying, purifying and evaluating vaccine antigens is a complex undertaking. Most importantly, once the relevant antigens have been identified, key focus then shifts to the development of suitable delivery systems and formulations to achieve maximum in vivo potency with minimum potential side effects. These novel formulations--many of which will be nanoparticulates--can deliver the antigens to the desired site, to the relevant antigen presenting cells, and prevent systemic exposure of the immune potentiators. The proposed book will outline all the critical steps that need to be considered for successful development of various types of nanoparticulate delivery systems for vaccine antigens. These contributions from leading experts in the area of vaccine formulation and delivery systems will tie in what is the most current status, including clinical evaluations with these novel vaccine technologies.
Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches to the Treatment of Cancer
by Paul D. RennertCancer care is undergoing a radical transformation as novel technologies are directed toward new treatments and personalized medicine. The most dramatic advances in the treatment of cancer have come from therapeutics that augment the immune response to tumors. The immune checkpoint inhibitors are the best-known and most highly advanced examples of Immune Therapeutics targeting tumor cells and include approved antibody drugs directed at the cell surface proteins CTLA4 and PD-1. These are now considered foundational treatments for several solid tumor indications, and that list of indications is growing quickly. More broadly, antibodies have become workhorse molecules across the entire immunotherapy landscape. Antibodies to novel targets modulate the activity of diverse immune cell regulatory proteins. Engineered antibodies can induce tumor cell death or expose tumor cells to poisonous toxins (ADCC and ADC, respectively). Bi-specific antibodies can engage multiple tumor targets simultaneously, or can redirect lymphocytes to attack tumor cells. The antigen-binding domains within antibodies can be spliced onto cell stimulatory domains and transduced into T cells or NK cells, creating remarkable tumor-specific cellular therapeutics (CAR-T, CAR-NK). Beyond antibody-based therapies there are highly diverse and differentiated technology tool kits being applied to immunotherapy. Small molecule drugs are being developed to attack the tumor microenvironment, novel tumor vaccine approaches are showing great promise, patient lymphocytes are being isolated, expanded and reintroduced to patients, gene-editing techniques are becoming widely deployed, and a vast number of new tumor targets, and mutated tumor proteins (neoantigens), are being discovered. The past decade has seen unprecedented success in the treatment of diverse cancers. The authors of this volume have been asked to not only review progress to date, but importantly, to look ahead, and anticipate the evolution of cancer treatment across diverse Immune Therapeutic approaches. Our hypothesis is that the advances we are seeing across the immunotherapy landscape will further evolve and synergize, leading us finally to outright cures for many cancers.
Novel Innovation Design for the Future of Health: Entrepreneurial Concepts for Patient Empowerment and Health Democratization
by Michael FriebeThis book highlights the reasons for an urgently needed revision of the current global healthcare setup, discusses the needed mindset for a future of health, and provides a comprehensive development toolset for disruption (and for the needed incremental innovations towards disruption).Today’s biomedical and health innovation related research in universities encourages activities that lead to incremental innovations with a relatively low risk of failure. The healthcare industry on the other hand provides tools and devices for established healthcare providers to improve the diagnosis and therapy/ treatment of the patients’ health problems. The patient is not in the center of healthcare provision however, and prevention and prediction are not core goals. The current health setup needs to be challenged and disrupted.Disruptions are coming from technologies or processes that lead to a significant (>10x) reduction in cost or price/ performance and that also come with new business models. The need for change, effects of exponential technologies, and the needed shift to prevention and to homecare for health democratization and patient empowerment will be discussed in detail in the first parts of the book. The subsequent sections address several innovation methods with a focus on a novel meta methodology named Purpose Launchpad Health. This is followed by a comprehensive discussion on health entrepreneurship activities and needs. The final section of the book addresses how to train students to become entrepreneurial health innovators, presenting successful curricula and examples of health incubation and accelerator setups. All of the innovation tools presented and used in this book are summarized in the final chapter to help the reader get started planning an entrepreneurial venture.Written by experts from academia and industry, the book covers important basics and best practices, as well as recent developments. Chapters are concise and enriched with key messages, learning objectives and real innovation examples to bridge theory and practice. This book aims to serve as a teaching base for health innovation design and to prepare for health-related entrepreneurial ventures.Readers with medical, biomedical, biotechnology, and health economics backgrounds - and anyone who wants to become a future oriented health innovator or who believes in disruptive approaches - will find this book a useful resource and teaching tool for developing validated products/ services and processes for the future of health.
Novel Insights in the Neurochemistry and Function of Pulmonary Sensory Receptors
by Isabel Pintelon Dirk Adriaensen Jean-Pierre Timmermans Inge BrounsWith the advances of immunohistochemistry in combination with confocal microscopy, airway sensory receptor end-organs can now be examined and evaluated objectively. Based on their 'neurochemical coding', morphology, location and origin, three sensory receptor end organs are currently morphologically well-characterised: smooth muscle-associated airway receptors (SMARs), neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) and visceral pleura receptors (VPRs). The present information on the functional morphological and neurochemical characteristics of these sensory receptors, leads to important conclusions about their (possible) function.
Novel Insights into Adipose Cell Functions
by Bruce M. Spiegelman Karine ClémentObesity is a disease of society and economic transition spreading at an epidemic pace throughout the world. According to the World Health Organization, obesity is defined as an increased or abnormal accumulation of body fat mass to the extent that individual's health will be negatively affected. Overweight is thus being considered as top at risk condition in the world and it is mandatory to identify the physiopathological causes involved in adipose tissue enlargement and related metabolic and cardiovascular health disorders.This volume provides the most up to date insights into the biology of a complex endocrine organ: the adipose tissue.
A Novel Intrabody Communication Transceiver for Biomedical Applications (Series in BioEngineering)
by Mir Hojjat Seyedi Daniel LaiThis monograph explores Intrabody communication (IBC) as a novel non-RF wireless data communication technique using the human body itself as the communication channel or transmission medium. In particular, the book investigates Intrabody Communication considering limb joint effects within the transmission frequency range 0. 3-200 MHz. Based on in-vivo experiments which determine the effects of size, situations, and locations of joints on the IBC, the book proposes a new IBC circuit model explaining elbow joint effects. This model not only takes the limb joint effects of the body into account but also considers the influence of measurement equipment in higher frequency band thus predicting signal attenuation behavior over wider frequency ranges. Finally, this work proposes transmitter and receiver architectures for intrabody communication. A carrier-free scheme based on impulse radio for the IBC is implemented on a FPGA.
Novel Natural Products: Therapeutic Effects in Pain, Arthritis and Gastro-intestinal Diseases
by K. D. Rainsford M. C. Powanda M. W. WhitehouseIn recent years there have been a number of significant developments of natural products for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, pain and gastro-intestinal ulcers and inflammation. The volume covers some of these novel developments of natural products which are of current and future interest as therapies for the above-mentioned conditions. Most available volumes cover a wide range of biological and technicological aspects of natural products and their discovery, some involving synthesis and properties of chemical compounds. The difference in this volume is that the natural products have a focus on their therapeutic effects on pain, arthritic and gastrointestinal diseases. Some of the natural products covered are either at the experimental stage of development while others are well-established clinically-used products. Each has its own unique place in therapy.
Novel Optical Endoscopes for Early Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy (Springer Theses)
by Dale Jonathan WaterhouseThis thesis describes the design, development, characterisation and clinical translation of three novel devices for optical endoscopic imaging. Over the past decade, rapid innovation in optics and photonics has led to the availability of low-cost and high-performance optical technologies that can be exploited for biomedical applications, but relatively few have been translated into clinic. The work presented outlines for the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the common barriers and unique challenges associated with the translation of optical imaging techniques. To assist developers streamline translation of optical imaging devices in future, a roadmap to clinical translation is outlined, and key translational characteristics are defined. Guided by these, subsequent development of endoscopic devices resulted in preparation and approval of endoscopes for first in human trials in the oesophagus, for early detection of cancer, and in the brain, for delineation of tumour during surgical resection. The thesis culminates in the presentation of results from the first in human use of a compact multispectral endoscope for imaging endogenous tissue contrast in the oesophagus. With continuation of the work as outlined at the end of this thesis, the novel techniques described have the potential to improve the standard of care in their respective indications.
Novel Plant Imaging and Analysis: Water, Elements and Gas, Utilizing Radiation and Radioisotopes
by Tomoko M. NakanishiThis open access book is only an introduction to show that radiation and radioisotopes (RI) are premier tools to study living plant physiology which leads to new findings. Who had ever imagined that we could see water in a plant? Who had ever imagined that we could see ions moving toward roots in solution? Who had ever imagined that we could see invisible gas (CO2) fixation and movement in a plant? These studies demonstrated for the first time that water, ions and gas can be visualized in living plants, which could be hardly seen by anyone before. This publication summarizes the results obtained by Nakanishi’s lab in The Univ. of Tokyo, based on her original concept and her original tools or systems. It is useful for professional scientists, plant physiologist, and those studying plant imaging. The chapters demonstrates the innovative imaging work of the author, using radioactive tracers and neutron beam to follow the absorption and transport manner of water as well as major, minor, and trace elements in plants. Through these studies the author developed a real-time macroscopic and microscopic imaging system able to apply commercially available gamma- and beta-ray emitters. The real-time movement of the elements is now possible by using 14C, 18F, 22Na, 28Mg, 32P, 33P, 35S, 42K, 45Ca, 48V, 54Mn, 55Fe, 59Fe, 65Zn, 86Rb, 109Cd, and 137Cs. The imaging methods was applied to study the effect of 137Cs following 3/11 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant accident, which has revealed the movements of radiocesium in the contaminated sites.
Novel Polymeric Biochips for Enhanced Detection of Infectious Diseases
by Fatimah Ibrahim Samira HosseiniThis book focuses on the creation and development of polymeric platforms(different compositions) from a specific polymer system. This system can be used as an adaptive technique for producing sensitive analytical devices,or for simple integration intoexisting bioanalytical tools in order to enhance the detection signal.
Novel Synthetic Drugs in Migraine (Headache)
by Paolo Martelletti Lars EdvinssonPublished in the series Headache, endorsed by the European Headache Federation, this is the first book on the novel synthetic treatment of migraine with ditans (lasmiditan) and gepants (atogepant, ubrogepant, rimegepant, vazegepant). These drugs will provide additional options for people with migraine put at risk of side effects by other medications or with unsatisfactory response to previous drugs. There is now a sufficient amount of literature published to interest a wide multidisciplinary readership (general physicians, general neurologists, clinical psychologists, neurologists in training, and medical students) facing every day this burdensome disorder in their clinical practice. The book aims therefore at offering an overview of these new drugs for both acute and prophylactic treatments of migraine, covering studies on clinical evidence, tolerability, and the different stages of clinical development.
Novel Technologies for Vaccine Development
by Igor S Lukashevich Haval ShirwanThis book presents a detailed overview of the development of new viral vector-based vaccines before discussing two major applications: preventive vaccines for infectious diseases and therapeutic cancer vaccines. Viral vector-based vaccines hold a great potential for development into successful pharmaceutical products and several examples at the advanced pre-clinical or clinical stage are presented. Nevertheless, the most efforts were focused on novel and very innovative technologies for new generation of vector-based vaccines. Furthermore, specific topics such as delivery and adjuvant and protection strategies for cell-mediated-based vaccines are presented. Given its scope, the book is a "must read" for all those involved in vaccine development, both in academia and industrial vaccine development.
Novel Technologies in Biosystems, Biomedical & Drug Delivery
by Shrikaant Kulkarni A. K. Haghi Sonali ManwatkarThe book gives an insight into the theoretical background, conceptual understanding, latest developments, and applications in the field of pharmaceuticals in general and drug design, discovery, biosystems, and biomedical and drug delivery technologies in particular. Knowledge is drawn from various disciplines such as Chemistry, Biology, Material Science and Engineering, Statistics, Biomedicine, and Genetics . A host of applications like bio-imaging, novel biological agents, testing, characterization and validation of drugs, computer-based models in drug design, and application of statistical tools in data analysis, design, and development of drug delivery systems, and ecosystems are dealt with in detail. The said book undoubtedly confirms the requirements of the postgraduate students, research scholars, academicians, scientists, and researchers from the academia, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and chemical engineering domain. The book covers a conceptual understanding of the exploration of drugs in tandem with intended uses, sound ecosystem development, and carriers for drug and supplement delivery.
Novel therapeutic approaches for gastrointestinal malignancies (Diagnostics and Therapeutic Advances in GI Malignancies)
by Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju Sujatha PeelaThis book provides an up-to-date overview of gastrointestinal malignancies, including prevention, early detection, intervention, and life-extending therapeutics. It also assesses various biomarkers used for diagnostics, prognostics and prediction of response to chemoresistance. Further, it discusses the latest trends in the use of small-molecule targeted therapies and immunotherapies as single agents or combination with other treatments. Since resistance to radiation and chemotherapy contribute to the high recurrence and poor survival rates, improving the outcome for GI malignancies is dependent on the introduction of new biomarkers and therapeutic agents. Lastly, the book systematically investigates novel theranostics approaches using nanotechnology for the detection, diagnosis, and personalized treatment of GI malignancies.
Novel Therapeutics for Rare Lymphomas
by Christopher DittusThis comprehensive volume reviews the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment approach to rare lymphomas. There is particular emphasis placed on new diagnostic approaches, novel chemotherapy combinations, and treatment modalities with novel therapeutics. It highlights research advances in a group of diseases that are often overlooked, and serves as a single repository of information on the most recent advances in targeted small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapy, and CAR-T therapy as they pertain to rare types of lymphoma. Written for practicing oncologists, hematologists, fellows, and residents, Novel Therapeutics for Rare Lymphomas covers rare subtypes of lymphoma, including indolent and aggressive T-cell lymphomas and B-cell lymphomas.
Novel (Trans)dermal Drug Delivery Strategies
by Hazel Garvie-CookThis work represents an inventive attempt to apply recent advances in nanotechnology to identify and characterise novel polymer systems for drug delivery through the skin. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of the nanoscale mechanical properties of topical, drug-containing polymeric films enabled the author to identify optimal compositions, in terms of flexibility and substantivity, for application to the skin. To elucidate the enhanced drug release from polyacrylate films incorporating medium chain triglycerides, the author combined AFM studies with the complementary technique of Raman micro-spectroscopy. This experimental strategy revealed that the significant increase in the drug released from these films is the result of a nanoscale two-phase structure. Finally, in experiments examining the microporation of skin using femtosecond laser ablation, the author demonstrated that the threshold at which the skin's barrier function is undermined can be dramatically reduced by the pre-application of ink. The approach allows thermal damage at the pore edge to be minimised, suggesting a very real potential for substantially increasing drug delivery in a minimally invasive fashion.
Novick & Morrow's Public Health Administration: Principles for Population-Based Management (Third Edition)
by Leiyu Shi James JohnsonWith contributions from experts in areas ranging from workforce to community-based prevention to emergency preparedness, this thoroughly revised edition offers detailed, comprehensive coverage of current, relevant issues for new as well as seasoned public health administrators.
Now Hear This: A Book About Sound
by John NaylorThis book explains the nature of sound both as a physical phenomenon and as a sensation, how it travels through air and water, and how the hearing system evolved to convert these vibrations into sensations. Drawing on physics, biology, neuroscience, philosophy, literature, history, anecdote, and personal experience, "Now Hear This" is a wide-ranging exploration of the nature of sound and hearing that opens up a fascinating world of sounds from the mundane to the unusual and seeks above all to persuade the reader of the wisdom of John Cage’s advice that “Wherever we are what we hear is mostly noise. When we ignore it, it disturbs us. When we listen to it, we find it fascinating.”
Now I See You: A Memoir
by Nicole C. Kear<P>At nineteen years old, Nicole C. Kear's biggest concern is choosing a major--until she walks into a doctor's office in midtown Manhattan and gets a life-changing diagnosis. She is going blind, courtesy of an eye disease called retinitis pigmentosa, and has only a decade or so before Lights Out. Instead of making preparations as the doctor suggests, Kear decides to carpe diem and make the most of the vision she has left. She joins circus school, tears through boyfriends, travels the world, and through all these hi-jinks, she keeps her vision loss a secret. <P>When Kear becomes a mother, just a few years shy of her vision's expiration date, she amends her carpe diem strategy, giving up recklessness in order to relish every moment with her kids. Her secret, though, is harder to surrender - and as her vision deteriorates, harder to keep hidden. As her world grows blurred, one thing becomes clear: no matter how hard she fights, she won't win the battle against blindness. But if she comes clean with her secret, and comes to terms with the loss, she can still win her happy ending. <P>Told with humor and irreverence, Now I See You is an uplifting story about refusing to cower at life's curve balls, about the power of love to triumph over fear. But, at its core, it's a story about acceptance: facing the truths that just won't go away, and facing yourself, broken parts and all.
Now What?: An Insider's Guide to Addiction and Recovery
by William Cope MoyersAddiction and recovery insider and expert William Cope Moyers answers the question "Now What?" for addicts and their loved ones, every step of their journey from contemplation through intervention, treatment, and recovery.Addiction and recovery insider and expert William Cope Moyers answers the question “Now what?” for addicts and their loved ones along every step of their journey through contemplation, intervention, treatment, and recovery.As the survivor of multiple relapses and near-fatal experiences with his addiction to alcohol and other drugs, William Cope Moyers knows what it’s like to desperately need, but not know how to find, a good treatment program. As Moyers was struggling, his parents--television journalist Bill Moyers and his wife, Judith--were also battling to understand what was happening to their son and what to do about it. Thanks to a successful intervention, intensive inpatient treatment, and a rigorous Twelve Step program, Moyers has been clean and sober since 1994, and has devoted his life to guiding others in getting the help they need.In the course of his work as a recovery advocate and ambassador with Hazelden Foundation, Moyers has talked with hundreds of alcoholics, addicts, and their families and has been a lifeline in helping them get the treatment they need. Drawing from both his own journey and the experiences of those he’s helped, Moyers applies his passion and trademark down-to-earth, style to lead readers through the process ofrecognizing when someone needs help,finding a quality treatment program,navigating the treatment process, andestablishing a support system after treatment.