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New Methods In Language Processing
by D. B. Jones H. L. SomersStudies in Computational Linguistics presents authoritative texts from an international team of leading computational linguists. The books range from the senior undergraduate textbook to the research level monograph and provide a showcase for a broad range of recent developments in the field. The series should be interesting reading for researchers and students alike involved at this interface of linguistics and computing.
New Methuselahs: The Ethics of Life Extension (Basic Bioethics)
by John K. DavisAn examination of the ethical issues raised by the possibility of human life extension, including its desirability, unequal access, and the threat of overpopulation. Life extension—slowing or halting human aging—is now being taken seriously by many scientists. Although no techniques to slow human aging yet exist, researchers have successfully slowed aging in yeast, mice, and fruit flies, and have determined that humans share aging-related genes with these species. In New Methuselahs, John Davis offers a philosophical discussion of the ethical issues raised by the possibility of human life extension. Why consider these issues now, before human life extension is a reality? Davis points out that, even today, we are making policy and funding decisions about human life extension research that have ethical implications. With New Methuselahs, he provides a comprehensive guide to these issues, offering policy recommendations and a qualified defense of life extension. After an overview of the ethics and science of life extension, Davis considers such issues as the desirability of extended life; whether refusing extended life is a form of suicide; the Malthusian threat of overpopulation; equal access to life extension; and life extension and the right against harm. In the end, Davis sides neither with those who argue that there are no moral objections to life enhancement nor with those who argue that the moral objections are so strong that we should never develop it. Davis argues that life extension is, on balance, a good thing and that we should fund life extension research aggressively, and he proposes a feasible and just policy for preventing an overpopulation crisis.
New Model of Burn Out Syndrome: Towards Early Diagnosis and Prevention
by Drozdstoy St. StoyanovThis book is based on our most recent investigations revealing the complexity of the determinants of burn out in different populations at risk (health care professions, teachers, social workers etc.). Based on our empirical study we have developed a model of vulnerability to burn out which explains it as a specific complementary interaction between certain personality profile and the psychological climate at work place. In the course of evaluation there have been employed different inventories which are now validated as an assessment battery in about 300 subjects. Temperament and Character Inventory (revised) has been exclusively standardized for Bulgarian population as well Although burn out syndrome (BOS) is thoroughly discussed in modern literature, the present proposal is unique in the following aspects:It emphasizes the role of personality profiling understood as complementary construct to the dimensional measures of psychological climate. In this way the authors challenge traditional views of BOS as systematic phenomenonThis book aims at establishment of the vulnerability to BOS (proneness) as well as to revealing of the protective factors and therefore to underpin early diagnosis and prevention programs.Our book brings together several perspectives: the clinical (psychological and psychopathological) with the management perspective. In this way it is most suitable for both general and specialized audience, including health care managers and mental health professionals, such as trainees in psychiatryThis book consist of entirely original investigation of BOS in specific populations at risk with novel battery of assessment tools
New MRCPsych Paper I Mock MCQ Papers (MasterPass)
by Vellingiri Badrakalimuthu Gill TowsonThe Royal College of Psychiatrists has recently changed the format of its membership examination to adopt multiple choice questions (MCQs). This book of mock MCQ papers includes 675 questions and answers covering all subjects of the Paper I curriculum. It is an essential aid for all candidates preparing for the MRPsch Paper I, and will also be usefil for those revising for the similarly-themed Paper II and Paper III examinations.
The New MRCPsych Paper I Practice MCQs and EMIs (MasterPass)
by Oliver White Clare Oakley Mogobe RamoseThe new MRCPsych examination has changed significantly. Instead of two distinct parts, there are now three written papers and one clinical exam. This book is completely up-to-date and takes into account the new format. It provides 250 practice best-of-five multiple choice questions (MCQs) and 100 extended matching items questions (EMIs) for Paper I. It contains clear, concise solutions to each question as an aid to revision. It is comprehensive and authoritative, with both authors being members of the Psychiatric Trainee's Committee of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. As well as being an essential revision aid for candidates sitting Paper I, it is also useful when preparing for Papers II and III because of the many similarly themed questions.
New MRCPsych Paper II Mock MCQ Papers (MasterPass)
by Vellingiri BadrakalimuthuThe Royal College of Psychiatrists has recently changed the format of its membership examination to adopt multiple choice questions (MCQs). The book of mock MCQ papers includes 650 questions and answers covering all subjects of the Paper II curriculum. It is an essential aid for all candidates preparing for the MRCPsych Paper II, and will also be useful for those revising for the related Paper I and Paper III examinations.
The New MRCPsych Paper II Practice MCQs and EMIs: MCQS and EMIs (MasterPass)
by Clare Oakley Oliver White Theo SchofieldThe structure of the MRCPsych examination has changed significantly. This book is specifically written for the new exam, providing 250 practice best-of-five multiple choice questions (MCQs) and 100 extended matching item (EMI) questions for Paper II. It contains clear, concise answers to questions, along with explanatory notes and further reading for each topic. It gives practical advice on the format and content of the examination and techniques for answering questions. It is comprehensive and authoritative: both authors are members of the Psychiatric Trainees' Committee of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. This is an essential revision aid for candidates sitting Paper II of the MRCPsych examination.
The New MRCPsych Paper III Practice MCQs and EMIs: Practice MCQs and EMIs (MasterPass)
by Oliver White Clare Oakley Alexandra C. RankinThe structure of the MRCPsych examination has changed significantly. This book is specifically written for the new exam, providing 250 practice best-of-five multiple choice questions (MCQs) and 100 extended matching item (EMI) questions for Paper III. It contains clear, concise answers to questions, along with explanatory notes and further reading for each topic. It gives practical advice on the format and content of the examination and techniques for answering questions. It is comprehensive and authoritative: both authors are members of the Psychiatric Trainees' Committee of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. This is an essential revision aid for candidates sitting Paper III of the MRCPsych examination.
New Nanomaterials and Techniques for Tumor-targeted Systems
by Rongqin Huang Yi WangThis book summarizes the latest advances in nanomaterials and techniques in the field of tumor-targeted diagnosis and therapy. It provides valuable information for beginners and senior researchers, and stimulates new research directions by offering novel and provocative insights into the properties and technical principles of nanomaterials. The book systemically discusses the challenges in tumor treatment, current tumor-targeted strategies, drug-release strategies, diagnosis and therapeutic patterns, and also explores newly developed multifunctional nanomaterials and related systems.
The New Neurotology: A Comprehensive Clinical Guide
by Sergio Carmona Guillermo Zalazar Pedro Luiz Albernaz Francisco Zuma e Maia Renato Valério CalNeurotology is a branch of medicine that focuses on diagnosing and treating neurological conditions of the inner ear and related structures. There have been many recent advances in neurotology that have been published in general medicine, otolaryngology and neurology journals. This comprehensive book will aggregate this information to provide a more complete picture of the state of the field and will include the authors’ own clinical experience. There is a recent marked increase in interest in neurotology, manifested by the clinical experiences and research-publication work of otolaryngologists, neurologists, neuro-ophtalmologists, audiologists and physiotherapists. As a result, this will be a completely state-of-the-art work that includes all up-to-date neurophysiological data related to the vestibular system.It has been estimated that 10% of patients that present at an emergency clinic have vestibular disorders, including vertigo, and these disorders are frequently a cause of falls in elderly patients. On the other hand, many physicians treat their patients with vertigo with vestibular blockers, which treat the symptoms but do not cure the disorders. We feel that it is important to supply a source of information on the vestibular system and balance disorders, and this title will do that in a comprehensive manner. This title will be an ideal reference for the diagnosis and treatment of vestibular disorders for otolaryngologists, neurologists, neuro-ophtalmologists, audiologists and physical therapists.
The New NHS: A Guide
by Alison Talbot-Smith Allyson M. PollockDr Alison Talbot-Smith, an experienced doctor and researcher, and Professor Allyson M. Pollock, one of the UKs leading authorities on the NHS, give a lucid and incisive account of the new NHS – which has emerged from a far-reaching programme of market-oriented changes. Providing an authoritative and accessible overview of the new NHS, the book describes: the structures and functions of the new organizations in each of the devolved countries the funding of NHS services, education, training and research and resource allocation the regulation of the new NHS systems and workforce the relationships between the NHS, the Department of Health, local authorities and regulatory bodies, and between the NHS and the private sector the future implications of current policies. This is an indispensable resource for those working in healthcare today as clinicians, academics, researchers and managers. It will also be essential reading for academics, students, and researchers in related fields, as well as the general public.
The New Normal: A Roadmap to Resilience in the Pandemic Era
by Jennifer Ashton Sarah TolandFrom Dr. Jennifer Ashton—the Chief Medical Correspondent at ABC News covering breaking medical news for Good Morning America and GMA3: What You Need to Know—comes a doctor’s guide to finding resilience in the time of COVID, while staying safe and sane in a rapidly changing world.In March 2020, “normal” life changed, perhaps forever. In its place we were confronted with life and routines that were unusual and different: the new normal. As we’ve all learned since then, the new normal isn’t just about wearing masks and standing six feet apart—it’s about recognizing how to stay safe and sane in a world that is suddenly unfamiliar. And no one understands this evolving landscape better than Dr. Jennifer Ashton. As ABC’s Chief Medical Correspondent, Dr. Ashton has been reporting on the novel coronavirus daily, helping Americans comprehend the urgent medical updates that have shaped the nation’s continued response to this public health crisis. Now in The New Normal, Dr. Ashton offers the essential toolkit for life in this unfamiliar reality. Rooted in her reporting on COVID-19 and the understanding that the virus isn’t going anywhere overnight, The New Normal is built on a simple foundation: thriving in this evolving world demands accepting the new normal for what it is, not what we want it to be. No longer is wellness a buzzword, but an imperative for surviving this unprecedented time. Using her trademark practical, easy-to-follow advice, Dr. Ashton gives you all the necessary information to reclaim control of your life and live safely—from exercise, to diet, to general health—showing how to prepare your body and mind for challenges such as: - Taking proper medical precautions to protect yourself and your loved ones- Exercising during the pandemic, even if you no longer feel safe at the gym- Finding emotional balance through these uncertain times- Deciphering complicated medical news to learn what to trust and what to ignore With these straightforward and accessible strategies and many more, Dr. Ashtonhelps empower you to make the unexpectedly hard decisions about socializing, food-shopping, seeing doctors, and most of all, finding normalcy. At once reassuring and urgent, The New Normal is a holistic roadmap through the ongoing struggles of the pandemic, providing the guidance you need to navigate this unsettling time and take charge of your future wellbeing.
New Organs within Us: Transplants and the Moral Economy
by Aslihan SanalNew Organs Within Us is a richly detailed and conceptually innovative ethnographic analysis of organ transplantation in Turkey. Drawing on the moving stories of kidney-transplant patients and physicians in Istanbul, Aslihan Sanal examines how imported biotechnologies are made meaningful and acceptable not only to patients and doctors, but also to the patients' families and Turkish society more broadly. She argues that the psychological theory of object relations and the Turkish concept of benimseme--the process of accepting something foreign by making it one's own--help to explain both the rituals that physicians perform to make organ transplantation viable in Turkey and the psychic transformations experienced by patients who suffer renal failure and undergo dialysis and organ transplantation. Soon after beginning dialysis, patients are told that transplantable kidneys are in short supply; they should look for an organ donor. Poorer patients add their names to the state-run organ share lists. Wealthier patients pay for organs and surgeries, often in foreign countries such as India, Russia, or Iraq. Sanal links Turkey's expanding trade in illegal organs to patients' desires to be free from dialysis machines, physicians' qualms about declaring brain-death, and media-hyped rumors of a criminal organ mafia, as well as to the country's political instability, the privatization of its hospitals, and its position as a hub in the global market for organs.
New Orleans Women and the Poydras Home: More Durable than Marble
by Pamela TylerA two-hundred-year-old institution, the Poydras Home -- originally the Poydras Asylum -- stands as an exemplar of woman-led charitable organizations. In a thorough and engaging narrative, Pamela Tyler offers the first complete history of this remarkable New Orleans establishment from its founding as an orphanage for young girls to its present-day operation as a retirement community and assisted-living facility. Throughout, Tyler paints a vivid picture of the many women who faced down the challenges of war, disease, natural disaster, social unrest, and restrictive gender ideals to realize the mission of the Poydras Home.Drawing on previously unreleased archival material, Tyler documents how the institution's benefactor, Julien Poydras, used his immense wealth to support a haven for impoverished girls, and how the dedicated women of the Poydras board pursued that ambition through more than just residential services. Tyler reveals that the majority of the Poydras "orphans" had one living parent, and it was dire poverty and a dearth of social services in New Orleans that drove single parents, usually mothers, to place their daughters in the asylum. Further research demonstrates that the Poydras went beyond simply providing a shelter for the children of distressed parents; volunteer managers worked to shape their charges' character through an emphasis on morals, education, and the fundamentals of housewifery. Following the institution from its antebellum origins to Reconstruction, through the Progressive era, and into the obsolescence of children's homes in the mid-twentieth century, Tyler highlights the impacts of both national affairs and daily life on the charity. This rich history winds through the last fifty years as the Poydras Home boldly and successfully changed its mission to provide care for elderly men and women. The result of years of research, New Orleans Women and the Poydras Home is a sweeping social history that recognizes the determination of women caregivers and the thousands of lives they benefited.
The New Oxygen Prescription: The Miracle of Oxidative Therapies
by Nathaniel AltmanA guide to the latest research in oxygen therapies and their use on the path to optimum health• Presents new clinical advancements and scientific findings from Cuba, Italy, Spain, Russia, China, and the United States • Explores the effectiveness of oxidative therapies for treating many conditions, including heart disease, cancer, HIV, hepatitis, diabetes, MS, macular degeneration, herniated discs, arthritis, Alzheimer’s, Crohn’s, candida, emphysema, and eczema• Includes new research on oxidative therapies in veterinary medicine and dentistry, including its success in treating cavities and preventing infection Scientists now agree that most disease states are caused by oxygen starvation at a cellular level. Polluted air, devitalized foods, and poor breathing habits can all lead to chronic oxygen deficiency, a bodily environment in which toxins thrive as the overall immune response is weakened. Through oxidative therapies--the medical use of ozone (O3) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)--we can assist the body in generating the oxygen needed to oxidate viruses and bacteria as well as weak and sick tissue cells, so stronger and healthier cells can take their place.Presenting the latest advancements and clinical findings from Cuba, Italy, Spain, China, Russia, and the United States, as well as recommendations from the International Scientific Committee of Ozone Therapy (ISCO3), Nathaniel Altman explores the effectiveness of oxidative therapies for treating a wide range of conditions, including heart disease, herpes, HIV, diabetes, candida, tonsillitis, macular degeneration, herniated discs, burns, and arthritis. He shows how Cuban and Russian physicians have been successfully treating patients with heart disease with ozone therapy for decades and explains how ozone interacts with cells when introduced into the bloodstream, stimulating the body’s own ability to fight cancer, osteoporosis, and hepatitis. He investigates promising new studies on the use of ozone and hydrogen peroxide therapies to treat Alzheimer’s, Crohn’s, multiple sclerosis, emphysema, eczema, and sepsis and the potential for these therapies to successfully treat new diseases such as Ebola and Zika.The author also explores the expanding use of oxidative therapies in veterinary medicine and dentistry, including their success in treating cavities and preventing infection. Providing a detailed resource section, he explains how to combine oxidative therapies with holistic methods, such as fasting, detox therapies, herbal medicine, and nutritional healing, for a stronger start on the path to optimum health.
A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology: From Concepts to Insights
by Guibin Jiang Xiangdong LiThis book provides comprehensive coverage of the theoretical developments and technological breakthroughs that have deepened our understanding of environmental pollution and human health, while also promoting a comprehensive strategy to address these problems. The respective chapters highlight groundbreaking concepts fueling the development of environmental chemistry and toxicology; revolutionary analytical and computational approaches providing novel insights into environmental health; and nature-inspired, innovative engineering solutions for tackling complex hazardous exposures. The book also features a forward-looking perspective on emerging environmental issues that call for new research and regulatory paradigms, laying the groundwork for future advances in the broad field of environmental chemistry and toxicology. Written by respected authorities in the field, A New Paradigm for Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology - From Concepts to Insights will offer an invaluable reference guide for concerned researchers and professional practitioners for years to come.
The New Paradigm of Immunity to Tuberculosis
by Maziar DivangahiThis book illustrates the intimate relationship between alveolar macrophages and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.), and the former's role in both innate and adaptive immunity against M.tb. It covers research done over the last decade. It also explores the role of macrophage death following infection with M.tb. in determining whether successful immunity is stimulated, or whether clinical disease develops; furthermore, the function of host lipid mediators in macrophage death modality are addressed. The book also illustrates how the balance between prostaglandins and lipoxins determines whether infected macrophages undergo apoptosis or necrosis, which is the ultimate factor in the outcome of infection. Finally, it is a synthesis of the authors' recent studies and the studies of others to offer a new understanding of immunity to tuberculosis.
The New Pediatrics: A Profession in Transition
by Dorothy PawluchWhen antibiotics became readily available in the 1950s, the danger of life-threatening infectious childhood diseases virtually disappeared. In that era, pediatricians broadened the core professional task of their specialty--the prevention and treatment of such diseases--to incorporate the behavioral and psychosocial problems of children and adolescents. Pediatricians themselves began to refer to this changing emphasis as the "new pediatrics," and to see the trend as a natural progression of their specialty into new areas of care. At the same time there arose widespread disaffection among practicing general pediatricians, defection to other areas of practice, and a decline in the popularity of pediatrics as a specialty choice.In analyzing the emergence of the new pediatrics as a case study within medical sociology, Pawluch shows how professional concerns and interests infl uence debate around social problems. As sociologists began to take greater interest in the problems of childhood, and as children's lives became increasingly medicalized--as some have argued--it is at least in part because of pediatricians' willingness to endorse medical defi nitions for certain social problems and to provide treatment for them.Pawluch's underlying concern is that medical professionals have begun to make claims for authority in the definition of what constitutes the social problems of childhood. Among the topics she examines are the "dissatisfied pediatrician syndrome," the potential for a crisis in oversupply of pediatricians and competing providers of services, the push for expansion into new areas of care, and possible future developments in this specialty.
New Perspectives in Medical Records
by Giovanni RinaldiThis book provides innovative practical suggestions regarding the production and management of medical records that are designed to address the inconsistencies and errors that have been highlighted especially in relation to national eHealth programs. Challenges and lessons that have emerged from the use of clinical information and the design of medical records are discussed, and principles underpinning the implementation of health IT are critically examined. New trends in the use of clinical data are explored in depth, with analysis of issues relating to integration and sharing of patient information, data visualization, big data analytics, and the requirements of modern electronic health records. The spirit pervading the book is one of co-production, in which the needs of practitioners are taken into account from the outset. Readers will learn the basic concepts of how clinical information emanating from the doctor-patient relationship can be effectively integrated with genetic and environmental data and analyzed by complex algorithms with the goal of improving medical decision making and patient care. The book, written by European experts and researchers, will be of interest to all stakeholders in the field, including doctors, technicians, and policy makers.
New Perspectives in Monitoring Lung Inflammation: Analysis of Exhaled Breath Condensate
by Paolo MontuschiAttracting the attention of the medical community, exhaled breath condensate is a completely non-invasive method for sampling secretions from the airways. Analysis of exhaled breath condensate is potentially useful for monitoring airway inflammation and in pharmacological therapy. With its non-invasive nature, this method may be suitable for longit
New Perspectives in Public Health
by Sian Griffiths David J HunterThe General Practice Jigsaw provides comprehensive and up-to-date information on the future of education training and professional development in general practice and primary care. It is an anthology of work produced by many of the leading figures in general practice across the United Kingdom. General practice now faces challenges that could be seen as threatening the way it traditionally operates but can also be seen as presenting opportunities. This book provides inspiration and guidance to its readers and fuel for the challenges ahead. It shares knowledge and best practice on education teaching and professional development drawing on examples from local regional and national projects. It is essential reading for general practitioners involved in education and training for everyone who needs to know how revalidation and professional development will influence them and for all members of primary health care teams who want to be involved in shaping the primary care organisations of the future.
New Perspectives in Regeneration
by David L. Stocum Ellen Heber-KatzRegeneration, the homeostatic ability to maintain tissue structure in the face of normal cell turnover or loss of tissue damaged by trauma or disease, is an essential developmental process that continues throughout life. As recently as a decade ago, any serious discussion of the possibility of regeneration becoming a practical medical tool in the near future had the air of science fiction or over-optimistic speculation. The term "regenerative medicine" was certainly on many lips but few actually expected to soon see it applied in a clinical setting. A tidal wave of discovery has changed that and investigating the cellular mechanisms of natural regeneration has become one of the hottest topics in developmental biology and biomedicine in general. Many researchers entering the field find that the regeneration literature is still quite diffuse perhaps owing to the disparate biological systems that have been the object of study including hydra, planaria, newts, axolotls and more recently several mouse strains. The volume editors believe that an attempt to organize or systematize the literature is long overdue. In this volume, respected experts highlight the latest findings in vertebrate (including mammals) wound healing and regeneration. They present eleven reviews that cover a wide range of topics, from wound repair and its relationship to regeneration, through systems including lenticular, neural, and musculoskeletal tissues and limbs, to epigenetics and the role of the cell cycle. Nuclear reprogramming and cellular plasticity, which open the door for potential regenerative medical therapies for injury and degenerative disease, are recurring themes throughout the book. We are all now part of the regeneration revolution.
New Perspectives on Health and Social Care (International Perspectives on Social Policy, Administration, and Practice)
by Jason PowellThe relationship between health, social care, and the teaching of disciplines such as sociology, social work, and social policy are increasing in many regions worldwide. This book explores the relationship between wider social theory and social welfare though an understanding of how power and resistance impinges on how helping professions operate in health and social spaces in the twenty-first century. The book presents a critical analysis of major Foucauldian theories and social issues in the construction and practice of health and social welfare. It discusses important theoretical and substantive contributions to current debates and presents an engaging, comprehensive, and innovative perspective to address both how power and resistance shape the way we live and how the way we live shapes the way in which we understand social relations among professionals, policy makers, and user groups in comparative contexts. The purpose of this book is to critically inform debates concerning the abstract and empirical features of health and social care examined through the lens of innovative theoretical perspectives emanating from Foucauldian theories.
New Perspectives on Medical Clowning: Clown Doctors in Covid-19, Wartime, and the Everyday
by Amnon RavivTaking the recent coronavirus pandemic as a starting point, this book presents and analyzes new research around medical clowning in hospitals, from social media use to the impact on the hospitalized child in later life. This innovative book begins with an overview of the work of medical clowns. It discusses the idea of humor as a mechanism related to the revolution in language and human consciousness, and makes a connection between humor and anxiety, exploring how this can be mobilized to support hospitalized patients. There is extensive examination of medical clowning to strengthen coping skills and promote wellbeing in the time of Covid-19, where loneliness and isolation loomed large and anxieties were high. Subsequent chapters explore the role of medical clowning in wartime and at time of natural disasters, the experiences of children some time after their experience of hospitalization and clowning, and the role of social media and medical clowns in community building. This book is a fascinating contribution to the literature on medical clowning. It is of interest to researchers, practitioners, and lecturers in medical clowning, play in healthcare, nursing, medicine, and performance studies.
New Perspectives on Paternalism and Health Care
by Thomas SchrammeThis work sets the stage regarding debates about paternalism and health care for years to come. The anthology is organized around four parts: i) The concept of paternalism and theoretical issues regarding the idea of anti-paternalism, ii) strategies for justifying different forms of paternalism, iii) paternalism in psychiatry and psychotherapy, iv) paternalism and public health, and v) paternalism and reproductive medicine. Medical paternalism was arguably one of the main drivers of debates in medical ethics and has led to a wide acknowledgement of the value of patient autonomy. However, more recent developments in health care, such as the increasing significance of public health measures and the commercialization of medical services, have led to new social circumstances and hence to the need to rethink issues regarding paternalism. This work provides an invaluable source for many scholars and practitioners, since it deals in new and original ways with one of the main and oldest issue in health care ethics.