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Observational Studies in a Learning Health System
by Institute of Medicine Joe Alper Roundtable on Value and Science-Driven Health Care Claudia Grossmann A Learning Health System ActivityClinical research strains to keep up with the rapid and iterative evolution of medical interventions, clinical practice innovation, and the increasing demand for information on the clinical effectiveness of these advancements. In response to the growing availability of archived and real-time digital health data and the opportunities this data provides for research, as well as the increasing number of studies using prospectively collected clinical data, the Institute of Medicine\'s Roundtable on Value & Science-Driven Health Care convened a workshop on Observational Studies in a Learning Health System. Participants, including experts from a wide range of disciplines - clinical researchers, statisticians, biostatisticians, epidemiologists, health care informaticians, health care analytics, research funders, health products industry, clinicians, payers, and regulators - explored leading edge approaches to observational studies, charted a course for the use of the growing health data utility, and identified opportunities to advance progress. Workshop speakers and individual participants strove to identify stakeholder needs and barriers to the broader application of observational studies. Observational Studies in a Learning Health Systemis the summary of the workshop. This report explores the role of observational studies in the generation of evidence to guide clinical and health policy decisions. The report discusses concepts of rigorous observational study design and analysis, emerging statistical methods, and opportunities and challenges of observational studies to complement evidence from experimental methods, treatment heterogeneity, and effectiveness estimates tailored toward individual patients.
Observations on Maniacal Disorder
by Reverend William PargeterFirst Published in 1989. Current interest in the history of psychiatry is growing rapidly both among the psychiatric profession and social historians. This new series is designed to bring back into print many classic documents from earlier centuries. Each reprint has been chosen for the series because of its social and intellectual significance, and includes a substantial introduction written by an eminent scholar in the history of psychiatry. This volume contains ‘Observations on Maniacal Disorders’, by William Pargeter (1760-1810), and reflects change in therapeutic philosophy.
Observer Design for Control and Fault Diagnosis of Boolean Networks
by Zhihua ZhangBoolean control networks (BCNs) are a kind of parameter-free model, which can be used to approximate the qualitative behavior of biological systems. After converting into a model similar to the standard discrete-time state-space model, control-theoretic problems of BCNs can be studied. In control theory, state observers can provide state estimation for any other applications. Reconstructibility condition is necessary for the existence of state observers. In this thesis explicit and recursive methods have been developed for reconstructibility analysis. Then, an approach to design Luenberger-like observer has been proposed, which works in a two-step process (i.e. predict and update). If a BCN is reconstructible, then an accurate state estimate can be provided by the observer no later than the minimal reconstructibility index. For a wide range of applications the approach has been extended to enable design of unknown input observer, distributed observers and reduced-order observer. The performance of the observers has been evaluated thoroughly. Furthermore, methods for output tracking control and fault diagnosis of BCNs have been developed. Finally, the developed schemes are tested with numerical examples.
Observer Performance Methods for Diagnostic Imaging: Foundations, Modeling, and Applications with R-Based Examples (Imaging in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy)
by Dev P. Chakraborty"This book presents the technology evaluation methodology from the point of view of radiological physics and contrasts the purely physical evaluation of image quality with the determination of diagnostic outcome through the study of observer performance. The reader is taken through the arguments with concrete examples illustrated by code in R, an open source statistical language." – from the Foreword by Prof. Harold L. Kundel, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania "This book will benefit individuals interested in observer performance evaluations in diagnostic medical imaging and provide additional insights to those that have worked in the field for many years."– Prof. Gary T. Barnes, Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham This book provides a complete introductory overview of this growing field and its applications in medical imaging, utilizing worked examples and exercises to demystify statistics for readers of any background. It includes a tutorial on the use of the open source, widely used R software, as well as basic statistical background, before addressing localization tasks common in medical imaging. The coverage includes a discussion of study design basics and the use of the techniques in imaging system optimization, memory effects in clinical interpretations, predictions of clinical task performance, alternatives to ROC analysis, and non-medical applications. Dev P. Chakraborty, PhD, is a clinical diagnostic imaging physicist, certified by the American Board of Radiology in Diagnostic Radiological Physics and Medical Nuclear Physics. He has held faculty positions at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, University of Pennsylvania, and most recently at the University of Pittsburgh.
Observer: A Novel
by Nancy Kress Robert LanzaObserver, by Robert Lanza and Nancy Kress is a slick modern, hard sf, standalone, medical thriller combining classic Robin Cook with the hard edge of Black Mirror and Altered Carbon.After neurosurgeon Caro Soames-Watkins’ career has gone down in flames, she receives a strange job offer from Nobel Prize-winning scientist Sam Watkins, a great uncle she barely knows, and desperation overcomes any suspicions.Watkins’ mysterious medical facility conducts research into the nature of consciousness, reality, and life after death. Two obstacles stand in his way: an intel leak and his failing body may not last long enough for the tech to be ready.As danger mounts, Caro finds more than she bargained for: murder, love, and a deep disturbing look into the nature of reality.At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.
Observeren en registreren van vitale functies: Werkcahier Kwalificatieniveau 3, Basiszorg deel 3 (Skillslab-serie)
by Geerard Siereveld Johan van 't Wout Cees Van StipdonkObserveren en registreren van vitale functies: Werkcahier Kwalificatieniveau 3, Basiszorg deel 3 (Skillslab-serie)
Obsessed by a Dream: The Physicist Rolf Widerøe – a Giant in the History of Accelerators (Springer Biographies)
by Aashild SørheimThis Open Access biography chronicles the life and achievements of the Norwegian engineer and physicist Rolf Widerøe. Readers who meet him in the pages of this book will wonder why he isn't better known. The first of Widerøe's many pioneering contributions in the field of accelerator physics was the betatron, the second, the linear accelerator, both summarized in a 27 page PhD. The betatron revolutionized the fields of cancer treatment through radiation therapy and also nondestructive testing; hospitals worldwide installed Widerøe's machine and today’s modern radiation treatment equipment is based on his inventions. The most recent renaissance of the linac provides unprecedented x-ray intensities at Free Electron Laser (FEL) facilities in operation and construction worldwide. . Widerøe’s story also includes a fair share of drama, particularly during World War II when both Germans and the Allies vied for his collaboration. Widerøe held leading positions in multinational industry groups and was one of the consultants for building the world's largest nuclear laboratory, CERN, in Switzerland. He gained over 200 patents, received several honorary doctorates and a number of international awards.The author, a professional writer and maker of TV documentaries, has gained access to hitherto restricted archives in several countries, which provided a wealth of new material and insights, in particular in relation to the war years. She tells here a gripping and illuminating story.
Obsessed: America's Food Addiction--and My Own
by Mika BrzezinskiMika Brzezinski is at war against obesity. 'On Morning Joe,' she is often so adamant about improving America's eating habits that some people have dubbed her "the food Nazi. " What they don't know is that Mika wages a personal fight against unhealthy eating habits every day, and in this book she describes her history of food obsession and distorted body image, and her lifelong struggle to be thin. She believes it's time we all learned to stop blaming ourselves, and each other, and look at the real culprits-the food we eat and our addiction to it. Mika feels the only way to do this is to break through the walls of silence and shame we've built around obesity and food obsessions. She believes we need to talk openly about how our country became overweight, and what we can do to turn the corner and step firmly onto the path of health. So Mika made a deal with her very close friend Diane: they would work together on this book and on their personal goals, to help Diane drop 75 pounds and to break Mika's obsession with staying superthin. As she did in her bestseller 'Knowing Your' 'Value,' Mika has packed each chapter with insights from notable people in medicine, health, business, the arts, and politics. Singer Jennifer Hudson, the late writer and director Nora Ephron, TV host Gayle King, New Jersey governor Chris Christie, and many others open up to Mika about their own challenges and what works for them when it comes to food and diet. It's time we stopped whispering the F-word ("fat") the way we used to shun the C-word ("cancer"). This book-with its trademark Brzezinski smarts, honesty, and courage-launches us into a no-holds-barred conversation with family and friends, in schools and kitchens, in Congress and the food industry, to help us all find ways to tackle one of the biggest problems standing between us and a healthier America.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
by Joseph ZoharA clear summary of what is known about a highly prevalent and debilitating disorder that affects nearly as many people as does asthma. Expert authors review the biological basis for the disorder and describe both pharmacological and psychological approaches to treatment.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: All You Want to Know about OCD for People Living with OCD, Carers, and Clinicians (Royal College of Psychiatrists)
by Lynne M. Drummond Laura J. EdwardsObsessive compulsive disorder affects between 1 and 3 per cent of the population. Ranging from relatively mild symptoms to being a profoundly disabling disorder, it is a condition that is amenable to modern treatments. This book examines the evidence for and potential role of a range of treatment methods, from CBT to pharmacological approaches. It asks what an individual can do to help themselves, and how friends and relatives can assist in the recovery process. Although firmly based in clinical research, it is written in a jargon-free and accessible style to help provide deep understanding of the disorder. Personal narratives and case studies of people living with OCD feature to illustrate points, and the book considers emerging research and the future of approaches to OCD. Built upon decades of experience, this guide will inform and support adults and young people living with OCD, as well as carers, families and health professionals.
Obstetric Anesthesia Handbook
by Scott Segal Bhavani Shankar Kodali Sanjay DattaWritten by a highly regarded expert in the field of obstetric anesthesia Handy point of care Up-to-date information on the subject Good board review tool
Obstetric Anesthesia and Uncommon Disorders
by M. Joanne Douglas David R. Gambling Grace LimA thoroughly revised third edition of the acclaimed textbook for caregivers involved in the management of pregnant women with uncommon diseases or an unusual or rare condition. The book offers valuable case reports and experience collated by an international team of editors and contributors who are leading experts in the field. This edition contains five additional chapters covering topics like cardiac and neuraxial point of care ultrasound, substance abuse, rare inherited conditions, and anesthesia for rare fetal and placental conditions. Clear, concise management guidelines and algorithms are provided, and each chapter is written from the viewpoint of the obstetric anesthesiologist. Numerous tables, figures and photographs provide visual aids and each chapter contains valuable clinical insights highlighting the essential facts. Featuring updated figures and references, links to useful websites for further reading and a list of commonly used abbreviations. A valuable resource for obstetric anesthetists, perinatologists and other obstetric care providers.
Obstetric Anesthesia for Co-morbid Conditions
by Berrin Gunaydin Samina IsmailThis book presents general measures and offers a comprehensive overview of anesthetic considerations for specific serious medical problems in pregnant patients, with a focus on the anesthetic management of non-obstetric disorders during pregnancy and pregnancy-induced diseases. Although many books on this topic are available, this unique volume addresses specific disorders that may be encountered in daily obstetric anesthesia practice and discusses in detail serious medical problems during pregnancy. As such it is a valuable tool, providing targeted information particularly on the anesthetic considerations and management of not only non-obstetric diseases during pregnancy but also pregnancy- induced diseases.
Obstetric Anesthesia: A Case-Based and Visual Approach
by Thomas L. ArcherWith 32 engaging and dramatic cases and 174 colorful, insightful and innovative graphics, this book takes a fresh, creative and highly visual approach to the fundamentals of obstetric anesthesia as well as emerging knowledge and three emerging technologies: 1) pre-procedural ultrasound to facilitate neuraxial block placement, 2) point-of-care transthoracic echocardiography to guide maternal resuscitation, and 3) electrical cardiometry to trend maternal cardiac output and avoid fetal hypoxia. Besides discussing the threats to fetal oxygenation presented by labor and the avoidance of maternal and fetal complications while providing excellent anesthesia, the book also explores the psychological and behavioral dimensions of obstetric anesthesia practice and promotes the obstetric anesthesiologist as a valued member of the obstetric care team who makes unique, insightful and empathic contributions to the overall excellent care of pregnant patients. Obstetric Anesthesia: A Case-Based and Visual Approach is an indispensable resource for medical students, residents, fellows, anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists, nurse midwives, and obstetricians.
Obstetric Anesthesiology: A Case-Based Approach
by Scott Segal Tauqeer Husain Roshan FernandoThe complex healthcare needs of pregnant patients, where care is tailored to not one but two patients, pose specific challenges to anesthesiologists. This book provides concise, case-based discussion on the clinical scenarios and challenges faced in the provision of anesthesia and pain relief for expectant mothers. In the style of problem-based learning, each case is presented as a short scenario, followed by discussion of the causes, risk factors, management and controversies involved. The textbook features a wide range of cases, from common clinical scenarios that are experienced in day-to-day practice to the rare but significant pathologies less familiar to most clinicians. With a global base of contributors, the book is relevant to practice across the world. The concise format supports both trainee anesthesiologists in their initial experiences of obstetrics and exam preparation, and experienced clinicians in need of a reliable, quick-reference text.
Obstetric Care
by Martin OlsenGain a critical understanding of obstetrics, and a thorough knowledge base of modern management techniques, with this accessible textbook. While acting as a stand-alone text on obstetric care, this volume also forms part of a three-volume set - all authored by leading authorities - on the entirety of obstetric and gynecologic practice. Obstetric Care's topics are based on academic objectives of experts in the field. This textbook offers tailored support for new residents and experienced physicians alike. Obstetric Care is invaluable for wide-ranging yet concise reference material, and provides evidence based care recommendations for specific patient conditions. The chapters in this textbook are based on the objectives of the Committee for Resident Education in Obstetrics and Gynecology; the book offers outstanding modern management techniques across the obstetrics specialty, making it a go-to for reference and comprehensive study.
Obstetric Catastrophes: A Clinical Guide
by Jorge Hidalgo Carlos Montufar Alfredo F. GeiThis book provides a comprehensive overview of critical care obstetrics. The text reviews different diseases and complications that can cause a pregnant patient to go into critical condition, while outlining treatment and management strategies for effective patient care. Critical scenarios covered include obstetric hemorrhage, pulmonary edema in preeclampsia, cardiac arrest, septic shock, abdominal hypertension, uterine rupture, and acute renal failure. Written by experts in the field, Obstetric Catastrophes: A Clinical Guide is a valuable resource for critical care intensivists, obstetricians, and any practitioners involved in the treatment and management of the obstetric patient in critical condition.
Obstetric Clinical Algorithms
by Errol R. NorwitzClinical management algorithms for common and unusual obstetric problems have been developed to help guide practitioners to the best treatment options for patients. In this quick-reference guide, clear diagrams and concise notes show treatment options and evidence for over 80 high-risk obstetric complications, presented in two-page full color spreads to promote quick decision making in time-pressed situations. This new edition includes sections on obesity, late-preterm and early term delivery, and pregnancy termination. As a clinical manual, the book provides guidance to many common and less common obstetric situations in which either the mother or her fetus is at risk. An algorithm for each situation provides obstetric care providers with a step-by-step guide of necessary actions for any given clinical case.Written by internationally renowned experts, Clinical Obstetric Algorithms enables all obstetrics care providers to ensure delivery of a healthy mother and a healthy baby.
Obstetric Clinical Algorithms: Management and Evidence
by Errol R. Norwitz George R. Saade Michael A. Belfort Hugh MillerThe evidence relating to the advances in obstetric practice and research over the past several decades have resulted in significant improvements in maternal and perinatal outcome. The obstetric care provider has the responsibility to be aware of these improvements and implement evidence-based practice when the situation requires. Clinical decisions should, as much as possible, be evidence based. This requires expertise in retrieving, interpreting, and applying the results of scientific studies and in communicating effectively the risks and benefits of different courses of action to patients. The highly-regarded authors have used easy-to-follow management algorithms presented in a highly visual format to assist rapid decision making; with sections covering: Preventative Health Maternal Disorders Infectious Complications Antenatal Complications Intrapartum / Postpartum Complications Featuring best obstetric management guidance, based on graded published evidence and recommendations, this book will enable practicing and trainee obstetrician-gynecologists and nurse midwives to ensure that the primary goals of the delivery of a healthy mother and a healthy baby are met.
Obstetric Decision-Making and Simulation
by Catherine Robinson Kirsty MacLennanSimulation is becoming an integral part of medical education and has already a well-established role within anaesthesia training, with many examination questions already modelled on simulation scenarios. The clinical diversity and multidisciplinary nature of an obstetric team creates the ideal environment for simulation training. It enables the team to develop their knowledge of clinical emergencies whilst becoming more aware of the importance of human factors. This book is a practical guide to inspire clinical leads to establish simulation within their delivery suite. The book comprises an extensive obstetric scenario library, with each scenario broken down into learning outcomes, a list of staff and equipment needed, specific stages mapped to learning outcomes with appropriate results/investigations and a checklist of ideal actions to enable the post-scenario debrief. Written by consultant obstetric anaesthetists, this book will appeal to medical practitioners interested in facilitating obstetric simulation.
Obstetric Emergencies
by Diogo Ayres-de-CamposThis book will serve as a pocket guide, offering rapid advice on appropriate emergency care for a wide range of obstetric situations, including acute fetal hypoxia, uterine rupture, shoulder dystocia, eclampsia, amniotic fluid embolism, pulmonary thromboembolism, retention of the aftercoming head, major postpartum hemorrhage, and uterine inversion. For each emergency, the definition, diagnosis, and recommended management strategy are reviewed from a pan-European perspective. Regular review and training in obstetric emergencies is the only effective way to develop and maintain clinical competence in these rare and life-threatening situations, thus improving their management and the resulting outcomes. Healthcare professionals will find this book offers a practical and reliable source of information for dealing with dangerous and acute complications of pregnancy and childbirth.
Obstetric Emergencies: A Practical Manual
by Sanjeewa PadumadasaThis is an ideal evidence based clinical guide to the essential principles and practical points arising from obstetric emergencies for residents, trainees, and obstetricians in practice. The concise text, illustrated with key diagrams, is from experienced educators and practitioners.*Provides a concise illustrated guide to the key principles and practical points involved *Gives trainees, residents, and obstetricians the practical information they need in an emergency *Supplies quick and easy reference to key points with illustrations
Obstetric Evidence Based Guidelines
by Vincenzo BerghellaThis new edition of an acclaimed text reviews the evidence for best practice in obstetrics to present the reader with the right information, with appropriate use of proven interventions and avoidance of ineffectual or harmful ones. The information is presented in the right format by summarizing evidence succinctly and clearly in tables and algorithms. The aim is to inform the clinician, to reduce errors, and "to make it easy to do it right." The volume can be purchased separately or together with the companion volume on Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines (set ISBN 9780367567033). The Series in Maternal-Fetal Medicine is published in conjunction with the Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine. From reviews of previous editions: Obstetric Evidence Based Guidelines is a text that will prove useful to residents and fellows as well as to practicing obstetric clinicians. Furthermore, it can be used as a source for the development of hospital policies for the management of these obstetric problems ... The major advantage of this text is that it provides guidelines for the management of commonly encountered obstetric issues in a single book. —JAMA This is a welcome addition to a physician’s library. Its use of current studies and easy-to-read format allow for easy fact-checking and referencing. —Doody’s Review Service
Obstetric Evidence Based Guidelines (Series In Maternal Fetal Medicine)
by Vincenzo BerghellaThis new edition of an acclaimed text reviews the evidence for best practice in obstetric medicine, to present the reader with the right information, with appropriate use of proven interventions and avoidance of ineffectual or harmful ones, and by rating the evidence of the key references. The information is presented in the right format by summarizing evidence succinctly and clearly in tables and algorithms. The aim is to inform the clinician, to reduce errors and "to make it easy to do it right."
Obstetric Life Support Manual: Etiology, prevention, and treatment of maternal medical emergencies and cardiopulmonary arrest in pregnant and postpartum patients
by Peter Nielsen Andrea Shields Jacqueline Vidosh Laurie Kavanagh Brook ThomsonThis text is a comprehensive review in normal and abnormal pregnancy physiology, the most common etiologies of maternal medical emergencies, recognition of maternal deterioration and pending cardiopulmonary arrest, modifications to cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pregnant and postpartum patients, special procedures that can assist in diagnosing and treating maternal medical emergencies tailored to the setting (e.g., point-of-care ultrasound, resuscitative cesarean delivery, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation), treatment of trauma/stroke in pregnancy, and postpartum maternal medical emergencies. There are streamlined algorithms and cognitive aids designed to improve a team’s ability to successfully implement techniques unique to treating maternal medical emergencies and cardiac arrest. Offers a practical guide to treating complex and challenging maternal medical emergencies Equips the entire team responding to a maternal cardiac arrest with the current evidence-based approaches and techniques Presents a thorough review, detailed algorithms, and a consolidated discussion of the practical aspects of implementation The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.