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Transplantation Immunology
by Andrea A. Zachary Mary S. LeffellAfter decades of research in clinical transplantation, new techniques have been developed that permit a further understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying immune recognition of allografts and a more accurate and thorough evaluation of compatibility between donors and recipients. The second edition of Transplantation Immunology: Methods and Protocols expands upon the previous edition with current, detailed methods in transplantation immunology. The new methods chapters cover four major areas that are being applied in compatibility evaluations and ongoing transplantation immunology research. Seven overview chapters provide reviews of the molecular basis for alloreactivity, current understanding of humoral and cellular mechanisms, as well as new developments in thoracic organ transplantation, composite tissue transplantation and in the transplantation of sensitized patients. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Transplantation Immunology: Methods and Protocol, Second Edition is devoted to transplantation immunology, both in the practice of compatibility testing and in transplantation research.
Transplantation Immunology
by Philip HornickLeading clinicians and scientists in solid organ transplantation review the current status of the field and describe cutting-edge techniques for detecting the immune response to the allografted organ. The authors present the latest techniques for HLA typing, detecting HLA antibodies, and monitoring T-cell response, and examine more specialized methods utilizing proteomics, laser dissection microscopy, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The area of tolerance induction and reprogramming of the immune system is also covered, along with a discussion of up-to-date methods of organ preservation, of today's optimal immunosuppressive drug regimens, as well as the difficulty of mimicking chronic rejection in experimental models. Introductory chapters provide a theoretical update on current practices in renal, liver, islet, and lung transplantation and on the pathways of antigen presentation and chronic rejection.
Transplantation Surgery (Springer Specialist Surgery Series)
by Nadey Hakim Mehmet Haberal Daniel MalufThis updated volume gives a clear description of transplantation surgery and covers the recent developments and innovations that have occurred within the field. New chapters on the management of graft dysfunction, organ preservation, new immunosuppressive drugs, molecular medicine and transplantation, robotics in transplantation, and organ bio-engineering are included.The book aims to be an authoritative guide to transplantation surgery that will help improve the likeliness of procedures being successful. This book will be relevant to transplant surgeons, physicians, and nephrologists.
Transplantation Surgery: A Companion To Specialist Surgical Practice (Springer Surgery Atlas Series)
by Gabriel C. Oniscu John L. R. Forsythe Elizabeth A. PomfretThis atlas provides transplant professionals with a step-wise approach to organ transplantation, illustrating the technical steps and highlighting practice points for each procedure. All aspects of abdominal and thoracic transplantation are covered, including organ retrieval, bench preparation and implantation. Separate chapters address specific technical issues for heart and lung, liver, kidney, pancreas and intestinal transplantation, providing detailed approaches to difficult situations. Technical variations are clearly explained, and tips are provided on how to ensure safe and efficient surgery. Transplant surgeons, trainees, fellows and other professionals involved in transplantation will find this book to be an ideal reference point. It has been written by an experienced international team of authors who have pioneered many of the techniques described.
Transplantation at a Glance (At A Glance Ser.)
by Michael Allison Christopher Watson John Dark Menna ClatworthyThe first basic overview of all aspects of transplantation with a clarity not to be found in more inaccessible textbooks. This brand new title provides a succinct overview of both the scientific and clinical principles of organ transplantation and the types of organ transplant, featuring highly-illustrated information covering core topics in transplantation including:Organ donorsOrgan preservationAssessment of transplant recipientsIndications for transplantationImmunology of transplantationImmunosuppression and its complicationsOverviews of thoracic and abdominal organ transplantation, including the kidneys, liver, heart and lungsTransplantation at a Glance is the ideal introduction for medical students, junior doctors, surgical trainees, immunology students, pharmacists, and nurses on transplant wards.
Transplantation of the Pancreas
by Rainer W. G. Gruessner Angelika C. GruessnerNow in its fully revised and expanded second edition, this textbook remains the definitive resource on pancreas transplantation. Enlarged, updated and improved, it consists of 93 chapters over 11 sections, with chapter authors who are recognized international leaders in their fields and represent institutions from five continents.Since the publication of the original edition in 2004, substantial progress has been made in the field of pancreas transplantation, specifically in regard to standardization of operative techniques and immunosuppression; significant improvements in patient and graft survival rates; and improved diagnosis and therapy of graft rejection and recurrence of disease. Pancreas transplants are no longer primarily performed in the USA and Europe for Type 1 diabetes mellitus; over the past 15 years, they have been performed with increasing frequency worldwide and also for Type 2 diabetes mellitus.The new edition of this textbook covers all aspects of pancreas transplantation: indications, recipient categories, surgical donor and recipient techniques, living donor transplantation, postoperative management and follow-up, post-transplant complications and malignancies, immunosuppression, treatment and diagnosis of rejection, impact on endocrine function and secondary complications of diabetes, recurrence of disease, quality of life, economic issues and overall outcome results. In addition, state-of-the art chapters focus on the classification, epidemiology and pathogenesis of Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus as well as on other beta-cell replacement therapies including islet auto- and allo-transplantation.This textbook is the primary reference on pancreas transplantation for transplant surgeons (established and in-training), pancreas and HPB surgeons, diabetologists, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, pancreatologists and other health professionals with a focus on transplantation and diabetes (cardiologists, neurologists, urologists, ophthalmologists).
Transplanted: My Cystic Fibrosis Double-Lung Transplant Story
by Allison WatsonA poignant, witty memoir of learning to cope with a frightening genetic disease—and of a life transformed thanks to an organ donor.When Allison Watson awoke that day, she knew she was in a hospital bed. That's all. She had no idea how much time had passed since she’d seen her family. When she tried to focus, her vision was blurry, and when she tried to wave someone down, she became so exhausted she thought she was dying. Hours later, when Watson was able to communicate, she asked a nurse if the news was good or bad. “It’s good news,” the nurse replied. “You had your lung transplant four days ago.”Many cystic fibrosis patients are living longer today, thanks, in part, to transplants—though they are not easy to obtain. In this candid memoir, Watson describes living under the shadow of this incurable disease; her special bond with her sister, Amy, who also grew up with CF; and her life-altering surgery in Toronto in 2014. ; the r. Nor was the road to full recovery. In this book, Watson, who cycled across Canada with her brother in 2008 to raise awareness of CF, describes her journey.“Watson tells her resilient story of living with cystic fibrosis (CF), her progressive lung damage, the stress of waiting for an organ donor, her lifesaving transplant and life in the almost five years since her major surgery.” —The Guardian (Prince Edward Island, Canada)
Transplanting Care: Shifting Commitments in Health and Care in the United States
by Laura L. HeinemannThe sudden call, the race to the hospital, the high-stakes operation--the drama of transplant surgery is well known. But what happens before and after the surgery? In Transplanting Care, Laura L. Heinemann examines the daily lives of midwestern organ transplant patients and those who care for them, from pretransplant preparations through to the long posttransplant recovery. Heinemann points out that as efforts to control healthcare costs gain urgency--and as new surgical techniques, drug therapies, and home medical equipment advance--most of the transplant process now takes place at home, among kin. Indeed, the transplant system effectively depends on unpaid care labor, typically provided by spouses, parents, siblings, and others. Drawing on scores of interviews with patients, relatives, and healthcare professionals, Heinemann follows a variety of patients and loved ones as they undertake this uncertain and strenuous "transplant journey." She also shows how these home-based caregiving efforts take place within the larger economic and political context of a paucity of resources for patients and caregivers, who ultimately must surmount numerous obstacles. The author concludes that the many snags encountered by transplant patients and loved ones make a clear case for more comprehensive health and social policy that treats care as a necessarily shared public responsibility. An illuminating look at the long transplant journey, Transplanting Care also offers broader insight into how we handle infirmity in America--and how we might do a better job of doing so.
Transport Phenomena in Biomedical Engineering: Principles and Practices
by Joseph D. Bronzino Donald R. Peterson Robert A. Peattie Robert J. FisherDesign, analysis and simulation of tissue constructs is an integral part of the ever-evolving field of biomedical engineering. The study of reaction kinetics, particularly when coupled with complex physical phenomena such as the transport of heat, mass and momentum, is required to determine or predict performance of biologically-based systems wheth
Transport Phenomena in Multiphase Flows (Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications #112)
by Roberto MauriThis textbook provides a thorough presentation of the phenomena related to the transport of mass (with and without electric charge), momentum and energy. It lays all the basic physical principles, and then for the more advanced readers, it offers an in-depth treatment with advanced mathematical derivations and ends with some useful applications of the models and equations in specific settings. The important idea behind the book is to unify all types of transport phenomena, describing them within a common framework in terms of cause and effect, respectively, represented by the driving force and the flux of the transported quantity. The approach and presentation are original in that the book starts with a general description of transport processes, providing the macroscopic balance relations of fluid dynamics and heat and mass transfer, before diving into the mathematical realm of continuum mechanics to derive the microscopic governing equations at the microscopic level. The book is a modular teaching tool and is used either for an introductory or for an advanced graduate course. The last six chapters are of interest to more advanced researchers who might be interested in applications in physics, mechanical engineering or biomedical engineering. In particular, this second edition of the book includes two chapters about electric migration, that is the transport of mass that takes place in a mixture under the action of electro-magnetic fields. Electric migration finds many applications in the modeling of energy storage devices, such as batteries and fuel cells. All chapters are complemented with solved exercises that are essential to complete the learning process.
Transport and Safety: Systems, Approaches, and Implementation (Springer Transactions in Civil and Environmental Engineering)
by Geetam Tiwari Dinesh MohanThis volume addresses a variety of issues on traffic safety policy, ranging from issues of climate change, urban equity, and transport safety, in a broad global and societal context, while retaining situation-specific details. Written by international experts on issues of transportation and traffic safety, it will be of special interest to advanced researchers in the engineering and planning disciplines working on these issues as well as policy makers concerned with setting up institutions and legislations for traffic safety.
Transporters and Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity
by Albert P. LiThis book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of the relationship between drug metabolism enzymes and transporters on drug toxicity, along with methods to investigate their role on adverse drug reactions. Unites both the metabolism and transporter components of drug toxicity – two aspects not normally connected and the latter often neglected Familiarizes readers with the mechanism and species differences in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters Discusses promising approaches to accurately predict human drug toxicity via the incorporation of human drug metabolism in toxicity evaluation
Transporters as Drug Targets
by Raimund Mannhold Gerd Folkers Harald H. Sitte Gerhard F. Ecker Helmut Buschmann Rasmus P. ClausenAs opposed to other books on the topic, this volume is unique in also covering emerging transporter targets. Following a general introduction to the importance of targeting transporter proteins with drugs, the book systematically presents individual transporter classes and explains their pharmacology and physiology. The text covers all transporter families with known or suspected importance as drug targets, including neurotransmitter transporters, ABC transporters, glucose transporters and organic ion transporters. The final part discusses recent advances in structural studies of transport proteins, assay methods for transport activity, and the systems biology of transporters and their regulation. With its focus on drug development issues, this authoritative overview is required reading for researchers in industry and academia targeting transport proteins for the treatment of disease.
Transporters in Drug Development
by Yuichi Sugiyama Bente SteffansenTransporters in Drug Development examines how membrane transporters can be dealt with in academic-industrial drug discovery and pharmaceutical development as well as from a regulatory perspective. The book describes methods and examples of in vitro characterization of single transporters in the intestines, liver and kidneys as well as characterization of substrate overlap between various transporters. Furthermore, probes and biomarkers are suggested for studies of the transporters' impact on the pharmacokinetics of drug substrates/candidates interacting on transporters. The challenges of translating in vitro observed interaction of transporters into in vivo relevance are explored, and the book highlights perspectives of applying targeted proteomics and mechanistic modeling in this process.
Transportome Malfunction in the Cancer Spectrum: Ion Transport in Tumor Biology (Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology #181)
by Christian Stock Luis A. PardoThis is the first of three volumes in the "Ion Channels & Transporters in Tumor Biology" collection, which discusses the function of ion transport proteins in cellular and systemic homeostasis. The authors highlight the role of the so-called transportome, which is defined by the entirety of ion transporters and ion channels. Thereby, readers will get a better understanding of the impact dysregulated ion transport has on the whole spectrum of cancer types. Cancers display deficiencies in several, sometimes interdependent members of the transportome.Clinicians will be interested in the fact that controlled expression of ion transport proteins dramatically impacts the life span of cancer patients, as shown in recent studies. These observations offer a promising outlook for biomedical scientists, as members of the transportome could be the tumor markers of tomorrow - both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.As part of a three-volume collection, this book will fascinate members of the active research community, as well as clinicians from the cancer field.
Transradial Access in Interventional Radiology: Background, Applications and Techniques
by Aaron M. Fischman Rahul S. Patel Robert A. LooksteinThis book provides how-to recommendations and detailed guides for using transradial access in interventional radiology. A relatively new and growing technique, transradial access is most commonly found within interventional cardiology. This book approaches those cardiac uses of transradial access while extending its use to other body sites and disease states. The book details the interventional radiologist’s transition to using transradial access across a broad spectrum of clinical applications, allowing them to better introduce it into their practice and to their patients. The text is divided into three sections: overview, clinical applications, and novel applications and techniques. The first section covers the history of transradial access, the initial patient assessment, and how to prepare for a procedure. The second section is divided into different diseases and interventional situations where transradial access could be considered, including subclavian artery stenosis and endovascular neurosurgery. The third section includes coverage of how to perform the latest techniques and projections for future procedures. This guide provides a manual of operations to assist in the setup of the practice, from office visit to procedure room to recovery across a variety of service lines and patient populations. Key take home points and equipment summaries accompany each chapter, allowing the user to easily navigate the book to accelerate his or her practice. This is an ideal guide for interventional radiologists.
Transsexual and Other Disorders of Gender Identity: A Practical Guide to Management (Radcliffe Ser.)
by James BarrettFor the vast majority of children acquiring speech and language skills is an effortless process. However there is a sizeable proportion of children for whom this is not true. Difficulties they experience may be associated with other conditions such as cleft palate or hearing loss or they may have no obvious cause. This book provides a comprehensive picture of the difficulties that occur when speech and language does not develop in the young child. Divided into two sections the first focuses on how such children should be identified and assessed. The second section provides specific insights into communication difficulties in different conditions. Each is written by an expert practitioner and is illustrated with specific examples. Based on best clinical practice and research-based evidence it is a practical guide fully referenced for those who wish to develop knowledge further. It is essential reading for all professionals who work with children particularly those who work in community settings.
Transsphenoidal Surgery: Complication Avoidance and Management Techniques
by Jr Theodore H. Schwartz Edward R. Laws Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol Jason P. SheehanTranssphenoidal Surgery, by Drs. Laws and Lanzino, captures all of today's clinical knowledge on the multidisciplinary management of pituitary tumors, with a focus on surgical techniques. Acclaimed international experts bring you detailed guidance on natural history, radiologic and clinical aspects, surgical indications, and resection techniques. What s more, case presentations and clinical photographs help you reduce the risk of error and advance your own surgical skills. Refine your skills through discissions of intraoperative imaging, new techniques in transsphenoidal surgery, new microsurgical procedures, radiosurgical techniques, and more. Get balanced and comprehensive perspectives on pituitary surgery from well-recognized international, multidisciplinary contributors. Make better-informed decisions with case presentations, drawn from Dr. Laws's 40 plus years as a leader in pituitary surgery, that include a summary of the clinical history, preoperative radiographs, and postoperative clinical information and radiographs. Tap into exceptional visual guidance and reduce the risk of error through abundant clinical photographs and line drawings. Find the information you need quickly via a consistent chapter-to-chapter organization. "
Transvenous Lead Extraction
by Maria Grazia BongiorniIn the last years, indications for defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization therapy have expanded enormously; for this reason, and also due to the extension of human life length, the number of patients with implanted cardiac devices have steadily increased. The leads implanted for the functioning of these devices, however, have a limited duration in time and more and more their extraction will be a frequent issue in clinical practice, in order to treat short- and long-term complications, such as infections and failures. Aim of this book is to provide readers with a state-of-the-art on lead extraction techniques. The chapters deal with leads characteristics, indications to lead removal, patient preparation, tools and techniques for extraction, and prevention and management of complications. In addition, a series of tips and tricks on how to treat some particular conditions (tight cost-clavicular space, fractured leads, ICD leads, dangered leads...etc.), are given. A new extracting technique, according to which the extraction is performed through the internal jugular vein is described; several examples are included and many figures provide a thorough depiction of this innovative procedure. The volume will be an excellent resource for all those involved in the management of cardiac patients: cardiologists, arrhythmologists, cardiac surgeons, GPs, pediatricians, and post-graduate students in these disciplines.
Trapeziometacarpal Joint Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and Treatment
by Simona OdellaThis book describes the anatomy and biomechanics of the trapeziometacarpal joint and explains the pathogenesis and treatment of trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis, also known as rhizarthrosis. The discussion of treatment sets out both conservative and surgical approaches, clearly explaining the indications for the various options, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The trapeziometacarpal joint is a phylogenetically recent articulation that permits the pinching movements of the index finger and thumb so important in daily activities. Degenerative disease involving the trapeziometacarpal joint is an important disabling condition that affects predominantly females over 50 years old. Although a number of treatments are now available, there is no single gold standard. Conservative treatments can control pain yet are unable to halt progression of the articular aging, while none of the surgical solutions employed when conservative treatments prove insufficient can be considered perfect. For example, use of a spacer can restore strength but does not always completely alleviate pain while arthroplasty eradicates pain within a few weeks but cannot restore strength. In thoroughly reviewing the available treatments, this book will enable the practitioner to select the best option for the individual patient.
Trapped: My Life with Cerebral Palsy
by Fran Macilvey<p>An honest, unflinching, and inspiring memoir of living with a challenging disorder. <p> Fran Macilvery was born in the 1960s, when her parents were living in the Belgian Congo. Fran was the second of premature twins—and until the last moment, no one knew that twins were arriving. The complications and resulting delay led to Fran’s cerebral palsy. <p>Growing up with her siblings in Africa, Fran always felt different. When everyone else was playing and having fun, she would watch and wish she could join in. Eventually the family moved to Scotland and, as Fran grew older, her hurt turned into anger, self-hatred, and suicidal depression. Then one day, someone looked at her and saw a woman to love, and that was the start of her journey to self-acceptance. <p>A truthful and revealing look at the difficulty of maintaining the appearance of a “normal” life with CP, and the lessons learned along the way, Trapped is “an ideal firsthand account of the unique and largely unknown world of disability.</p>
Trauer in Zeiten der Corona-Krise: Eine qualitative Untersuchung zum Trauererleben weiblicher Adoleszenter während der Covid-19-Pandemie (BestMasters)
by Davina KlevinghausDie Covid-19-Pandemie tangiert das Alltagserleben zahlreicher junger Menschen in Deutschland mitunter gravierend. Wie kann es unter diesen Umständen gelingen, die Trauer nach dem Verlust einer nahestehenden Person in ein von Unabwägbarkeiten und radikalen Veränderungen geprägtes Leben zu integrieren? Welche Belastungen und Ressourcen rücken in Anbetracht der ubiquitären Bedrohung durch das Coronavirus besonders in den Fokus? Auf diese Fragen sowie auf weitere Spezifika des Trauererlebens weiblicher Adoleszenter im Zuge der Pandemie wird - rekurrierend auf Bezugstheorien der Trauer- und Stressforschung - der Schwerpunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit gerichtet. Die geführten Interviews deuten auf erhebliche interindividuelle Unterschiede im Pandemie- und Verlusterleben sowie in den Verarbeitungsformen der eigenen Trauer hin. Zugleich lassen sich zahlreiche geteilte Erfahrungen rekonstruieren. Insofern bieten die Analysen einen grundlegenden Reflexionsanlass im Hinblick auf die Partizipationsmöglichkeiten junger Menschen, den Zugang zu trauerbezogenen Unterstützungsangeboten sowie auf den gesamtgesellschaftlichen Umgang mit Sterben, Tod und Trauer.
Trauer verstehen: Formen, Erklärungen, Hilfen
by Kerstin LammerTrauer verstehenTrauernden wirksam helfen, ihren Verlust zu bewältigen und sich in einer veränderten Lebenssituation neu zu orientieren – das leistet professionelle Trauerbegleitung. Wie das geht, zeigt dieses Buch. Kurz und bündig werden die Ergebnisse neuerer internationaler Trauerforschung aufbereitet und zu einem Praxismodell entwickelt. Drei Querschnitte präsentieren: - Studien, die Formen der Trauer beschreiben,- Theorien, die Trauer psychologisch erklären,- Modelle, die Trauer bewältigen helfenMit vielen Schaubildern und Beispielen aus der Praxis.Formen, Erklärungen, HilfenDer Leser, die Leserin findet ein verständliches Buch, das mit Mythen über Trauerprozesse aufräumt und eine hilfreiche Basis für die Bewältigungsarbeit mit Betroffenen sein kann. Die Autorin identifiziert Aufgaben, die Trauernde nach dem Verlust eines für sie bedeutsamen Menschen bewältigen müssen. Sie entwickelt daraus – als geeignetere Alternative zu gängigen Phasenmodellen – ihr Aufgabenmodell der Trauerbegleitung:- Tod begreifen helfen (Realisation)- Reaktionen Raum geben (Initiation)- Anerkennung des Verlusts äußern (Validation)- Übergänge unterstützen (Progression)- Erinnern und Erzählen ermutigen (Rekonstruktion)- Risiken und Ressourcen einschätzen (Evaluation)Eine praxisnahe Basis für die professionelle Beratung Trauernder
Trauma
by Michael Palmer Daniel PalmerDr. Carrie Bryant's four years as a neurosurgical resident at White Memorial Hospital have earned her the respect and admiration from peers and staff alike. When given the chance of performing her first unsupervised brain surgery, Carrie jumps at the opportunity. What should have been a routine, hours long operation, turns horribly wrong and jeopardizes her patient's life. Emotionally and physically drained, Carrie is rushed back to the OR to assist in a second surgery. There, she makes a careless and tragic mental error resulting in irreparable brain damage to her second patient. With her confidence shattered, Carrie quits her residency and moves back home where her younger brother, Adam, a combat vet suffering from debilitating PTSD, also lives. When Carrie learns about an experimental program at the VA Medical Center exploring the use of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) that could forever cure the emotional and memory trauma of PTSD, it seems like a way back into medicine. Carrie is apprehensive, but a chance meeting with David Hoffman, a reporter for the Lowell Observer writing a story on PTSD, helps her overcome any hesitation. Her first surgery appears to be a success until her patient mysteriously vanishes. When a second patient also goes missing, Carrie employees the investigative skills of David, and together they descend into a labyrinth of murder and corruption. And the price Carrie might pay for asking the wrong questions could be her life.
Trauma Anesthesia
by MPH FACS Charles E. Smith Charles E. Smith Md John J. Como John J. ComoTrauma patients present a unique challenge to anesthesiologists, since they require resource-intensive care, often complicated by pre-existing medical conditions. This fully revised new edition focuses on a broad spectrum of traumatic injuries and the procedures anesthesiologists perform to care for trauma patients perioperatively, surgically, and post-operatively. Special emphasis is given to assessment and treatment of co-existing disease, including surgical management of trauma patients with head, spine, orthopedic, cardiac, and burn injuries. Topics such as training for trauma (including use of simulation) and hypothermia in trauma are also covered. Six brand new chapters address pre-hospital and ED trauma management, imaging in trauma, surgical issues in head trauma and in abdominal trauma, anesthesia for oral and maxillofacial trauma, and prevention of injuries. The text is enhanced with numerous tables and 300 illustrations showcasing techniques of airway management, shock resuscitation, echocardiography and use of ultrasound for the performance of regional anesthesia in trauma.