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Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery
by Vivek Chavda Vasso ApostolopoulosThe book is essential for anyone interested in vaccine development, as it highlights the unique advantages of viral vector vaccines in triggering robust, long-lasting immunity and provides an in-depth exploration of the technology and advancements shaping the future of healthcare. Viral vector vaccines have several unique advantages when compared to other vaccine platforms. These powerful vaccines are capable of triggering long-lasting cellular responses, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, that eradicate virus-infected cells. Viral vector-based vaccines use a harmless virus to smuggle the instructions for making antigens from the disease-causing virus into cells, triggering protective immunity against them. In contrast to conventional antigen-containing vaccines, these vaccines use the body’s natural defense system to produce antigens by using a modified virus to deliver genetic code for an antigen. Viral Vectors for Vaccine Delivery provides a comprehensive overview of viral vectors and their applications in vaccine delivery. Its chapters explore various aspects of viral vector technology, from the basic principles of viral vector construction to the latest advancements in gene editing and manufacturing. Readers will find that the book Offers a deep dive into the world of viral vectors, covering their principles, applications, and potential impact on healthcare; Explores how viral vectors are revolutionizing vaccine development, providing a more effective and targeted approach to disease prevention; Discusses the potential of viral vectors to address emerging health challenges and contribute to a healthier world. Audience Research scholars, pharma-process engineers, research scientists, pharmacy students and professionals from the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industry interested in drug discovery, chemical biology, computational chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and bioinformatics
Viral Vectors in Veterinary Vaccine Development: A Textbook
by Thiru Vanniasinkam Suresh K. Tikoo Siba K. SamalThis highly accessible textbook introduces readers to the development of viral vectors and discusses their application in veterinary vaccinology. It offers comprehensive information on the latest advances in this emerging research field, together with a broad overview of the history of veterinary vaccines and viral vectors. The book also addresses issues concerning funding, translational research and ethics that will impact the future development, manufacture and global use of viral vector-based veterinary vaccines. The book addresses the needs of graduate students and researchers in the fields of Veterinary Medicine, Virology and Immunology.
Viral World: Global Relations During the COVID-19 Pandemic (The COVID-19 Pandemic Series)
by Long T. BuiThis book argues that the catastrophe of COVID-19 provided a momentous time for groups, institutions, and states to reassess their worldviews and relationship to the entire world. Following multiple case studies across dozens of countries throughout the course of the pandemic, this book is a timely contribution to cultural knowledge about the pandemic and the viral politics at the heart of it. Mapping the various forms of global consciousness and connectivity engendered by the crisis, the book offers the framework of "viral worlding," defined as viral forms of relationality, becoming, and communication. It demonstrates how worlding or world-making processes accelerated with the novel coronavirus. New emergent forms of being global "went viral" to address conditions of inequality as well as forge possibilities for societal transformation. Considering the tumult wrought by the pandemic, Bui analyzes progressive movements for democracy, abolition, feminism, environmentalism, and socialism against the world-shattering forces of capitalism, authoritarianism, racism, and militarism. Focusing on ways the pandemic disproportionately impacted marginalized communities, particularly in the Global South, this book juxtaposes the closing of their lifeworlds and social worlds by hegemonic global actors with increased collective demands for freedom, mobility, and justice by vulnerable people. The breadth and depth of the book thus provides students, scholars, and general readers with critical insights to understanding the world(s) of COVID-19 and collective efforts to build better new ones.
Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Characterization, and Application (Emerging Materials and Technologies)
by Devarajan ThangaduraiThis book summarizes the synthesis, properties, characterization, and application of viral and antiviral nanomaterials by using interdisciplinary subjects ranging from materials science to biomedical science. Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Characterization, and Application highlights attainments in utilizing nanomaterials as powerful tools for the treatment of viral infections in plants, animals, and humans. It reviews the adopted strategies for designing viral and antiviral nanomaterials for medical applications, including cancer therapy and drug delivery. It also explains the different kinds of antiviral nanosized structures, their chemistries, and the attributes that enable them to be suitable targets for nanotherapeutics. The contributors have prepared the content in a comprehensive manner for readers to use their research findings to improve the healthcare of all living beings. FEATURES Reviews the novel tools for synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials as viral and antiviral agents Explores the different applications of currently available nanomaterials for the treatment of viral infections Investigates the role of antiviral nanodrugs in human and plant systems Addresses the activity of nanostructures in drug-delivery systems for cancer treatment Allows readers from various backgrounds to access the advanced research and practices across traditional frontiers Discusses viral nanomaterials as the viable future of antiviral drugs and nanovaccines in animals and humans This authoritative book is of exceptional relevance to postgraduate scholars, researchers, and scientists interested in nanomedicine, biomedical science, materials science, biopharmaceutical technology, microbiology, and virology to improve virus- and cancer-based therapeutic tools for animal and human welfare.
Viral and Fungal Infections of the Central Nervous System: A Microbiological Perspective
by Hiba Sami Safiya Firoze Parvez A. KhanThis book covers topics related to viral and fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS), with a multidisciplinary reach, discussing associated immunology, microbiological aspects, pathologies, timely management, and prevention. The book is structured into five broad sections. The first section provides the reader with valuable insights into the aetiologies and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of neurological diseases, including host responses. It mentions all bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral causes of neuro-infections, along with rarer neuropathogenesis such as prions and mycoplasmas. The chapter also presents detailed epidemiology and prevalence of different CNS infections worldwide. It also reviews various infectious diseases that target the nervous system, such as focal lesions, meningitis, and neurological complications of venous sinus thrombosis. The next two sections delve deep into pathogen-specific diseases of the CNS, namely the viruses and fungi associated with neuro-infections. It mentions detailed excerpts on encephalitic viruses, long-term consequences of neurotropic viruses, mycological neuroinfectious, and even the emerging, less talked of viruses and fungi causing neurological disease. Topics such as principles of vigorous antifungal therapy and surgeries are also discussed in the chapter. The fourth section gives an insight on prospects for efficiently diagnosing and managing viral and fungal CNS infections, to tackle associated morbidities. Features that are often less documented, yet of considerable interest in current times, such as the role of immunosuppression in neurological infections and newer microbiological diagnostic strategies are covered. The last section uniquely provides clinicians with relatable case scenarios. Real case descriptions are included, such as cases of fungal meningitis and other difficult-to-diagnose infections produced by viruses. This book serves as a guide for neurologists, medical microbiologists, and clinical practitioners who deal with patients suspected of neurological infection.
Viral: The Search for the Origin of COVID-19
by Matt Ridley Alina ChanA new virus descended on the human species in 2019 wreaking unprecedented havoc. Finding out where it came from and how it first jumped into people is an urgent priority, but early expectations that this would prove an easy question to answer have been dashed. Nearly two years into the pandemic, the crucial mystery of the origin of SARS-CoV-2 is not only unresolved but has deepened. In this uniquely insightful book, a scientist and a writer join forces to try to get to the bottom of how a virus whose closest relations live in bats in subtropical southern China somehow managed to begin spreading among people more than 1,500 kilometres away in the city of Wuhan. They grapple with the baffling fact that the virus left none of the expected traces that such outbreaks usually create: no infected market animals or wildlife, no chains of early cases in travellers to the city, no smouldering epidemic in a rural area, no rapid adaptation of the virus to its new host—human beings. To try to solve this pressing mystery, Viral delves deep into the events of 2019 leading up to 2021, the details of what went on in animal markets and virology laboratories, the records and data hidden from sight within archived Chinese theses and websites, and the clues that can be coaxed from the very text of the virus’s own genetic code. The result is a gripping detective story that takes the reader deeper and deeper into a metaphorical cave of mystery. One by one the authors explore promising tunnels only to show that they are blind alleys, until, miles beneath the surface, they find themselves tantalisingly close to a shaft that leads to the light.
Viral: The Search for the Origin of Covid-19
by Matt Ridley Alina Chan"Chan and Ridley write with an urgency...that inspires gripping depictions of what viruses are, how infectious-disease laboratories work and wonderfully lucid descriptions of bats. . . . They powerfully recount how dangerous pathogens can both leak from a lab and emerge in nature." (New York Times Book Review) Understanding how Covid-19 started is crucial for the future of humankind. Viral is the most incisive and authoritative book about the search for the source of the virus.A new virus descended on the human species in 2019 wreaking unprecedented havoc. Finding out where it came from and how it first jumped into people is an urgent priority, but early expectations that this would prove an easy question to answer have been dashed. Nearly two years into the pandemic, the crucial mystery of the origin of SARS-CoV-2 is not only unresolved but has deepened. In this uniquely insightful book, a scientist and a writer join forces to try to get to the bottom of how a virus whose closest relations live in bats in subtropical southern China somehow managed to begin spreading among people more than 1,500 kilometres away in the city of Wuhan. They grapple with the baffling fact that the virus left none of the expected traces that such outbreaks usually create: no infected market animals or wildlife, no chains of early cases in travellers to the city, no smouldering epidemic in a rural area, no rapid adaptation of the virus to its new host—human beings. To try to solve this pressing mystery, Viral delves deep into the events of 2019 leading up to 2021, the details of what went on in animal markets and virology laboratories, the records and data hidden from sight within archived Chinese theses and websites, and the clues that can be coaxed from the very text of the virus’s own genetic code. The result is a gripping detective story that takes the reader deeper and deeper into a metaphorical cave of mystery. One by one the authors explore promising tunnels only to show that they are blind alleys, until, miles beneath the surface, they find themselves tantalisingly close to a shaft that leads to the light.
Viren in allen Dimensionen: Wie ein Informationscode Viren, Software und Mikroorganismen steuert
by Rafael BallMikroorganismen, Viren und Computerprogramme codieren alle Informationen, die erforderlich sind, sich selbst zu vermehren und verbreiten. Dabei sind sich diese Mechanismen in der belebten Welt, in der Welt der Viren und sogar in der Welt der technischen Systeme verblüffend ähnlich. Das Buch zeigt auf, wie groß die Parallelen dieser verschiedenen belebten und unbelebten replizierenden Systeme sind und worauf sie basieren. Der Ausflug führt ebenso in die faszinierende Welt der Genetik, zur Frage, was Leben definiert und in die Programmierung von Software, die sich selbständig vervielfacht. Schließlich wird daraus die Frage abgeleitet, ob und inwieweit solche sich selbst replizierenden technischen Systeme genauso gefährlich werden können wie infektiöse Viren bei der Auslösung von Pandemien, wie etwa der Corona-Pandemie im Jahr 2020.
Virgin Midwife, Playboy Doctor
by Margaret McdonaghPenhallys most eligible bachelor finds a wife! Oliver Fawkner is new to Penhally Bay. This seriously sexy doctor, with a playboy reputation, has caused quite a stir with the female population! But Oliver is only interested in getting to know beautiful midwife Chloe MacKinnon Chloe loves her job, and dotes on her tiny patients. She has always put work before her social life, hiding from a traumatic past that has left her very inexperienced with men. But this gorgeous new doctor has won her trust and awakened something inside her Chloe knows that Oliver is only passing through Penhally dare she risk her heart with this playboy doctor? BRIDES OF PENHALLY BAY Bachelor doctors become husbands and fathers in a place where hearts are made whole.
Virginia Woolf and Neuropsychiatry
by Maxwell BennettThis book, written by one of the leaders in the field of the neurosciences, will give an explanation of the symptoms and eventual untimely suicide of one of literatures greatest authors; Virginia Woolf. The sources used are letters and statements from Woolf herself, the literature she wrote and comments, letters and any other documentation that referred to her mental state and her medical status. The author will use current insight into depression, the mental consequences of child abuse and drug interactions/effects to illustrate this case study. The book should appeal to researchers in the neurosciences, psychology and psychiatry as well as to a broader audience, mainly individuals who are interested in the (external and internal) forces that drove Woolf to write her material.
Viroinformatics and Computational Virology in Public Health
by Hyeon Seok Son Myeongji ChoThis book is intended as a practical and accessible introduction for those who are new to the field of viral infectious diseases and bioinformatics. It is designed for students, early-career researchers, and anyone looking to explore these topics from the ground up. The book covers basic scientific concepts and provides an overview of the epidemiological aspects of viruses, with a focus on simple analytical methods used to study viruses and viral diseases in the context of public health and computational biology. It introduces fundamental informatics tools for virus research, including software tools and databases, while also covering basic theory, algorithms, and applications in viroinformatics and computational virology. Key topics include the virus life cycle, virus evolution, virus-host interactions, and emerging viral diseases.
Virtual Clinical Excursions: Obstetrics-Pediatrics
by Marilyn J. Hockenberry David Wilson Kelly Ann Crum Patrick BarreraVirtual Clinical Excursions guides you through a virtual hospital setting where the patients are real and their conditions are constantly changing. Each lesson has a textbook reading assignment and activities based on "visiting" the patients in the hospital, which provide a perfect environment in which you may "practice" what you are learning.
Virtual Colonoscopy
by Albert L. Baert Philippe Lefere Stefàan GryspeerdtVirtual colonoscopy is a rapidly evolving technique for the detection of tumoral lesions in the colon. It is now accepted by the American Cancer Society as a valuable screening tool for both colorectal cancer and its adenomatous precursor. With contributions from leaders in the field, this book addresses all the important issues relating to virtual colonoscopy. There is a particular focus on practical aspects, such as how to start virtual colonoscopy in a department, the regular preparation, and the correct scanning parameters. Imaging characteristics and pitfalls are considered in detail, with an extensive pictorial review of difficult lesions; the importance of computer-aided diagnosis is also discussed. In this second edition the text has been updated with the latest study results and developments in technology and new illustrations have been included. This book will be invaluable to every radiologist seeking information on how to perform the exciting technique of virtual colonoscopy.
Virtual Endoscopy and 3D Reconstruction in the Airways
by Nabil A. Shallik Abbas H. Moustafa Marco A. E. MarcusThis book is unique in its approach, covering the impact of virtual endoscopy and 3D reconstruction on surgical modalities and perioperative airway options. Airway management is an essential skill that is practiced daily by almost all anesthetists across the world. Most of the anesthesia-related morbidities and mortalities in the perioperative period are associated with respiratory complications, either of airway or pulmonary problems. Thus, the prediction of airway complications in perioperative period has been an active research field for many decades and is a cornerstone of perioperative anesthesia assessment and management.Virtual endoscopy & 3D reconstruction is a novel, reliable and non-invasive airway assessment tool that is able to reconstruct simple CT images to provide a clear view of the airway down to the bronchial trees, and offers the highest possible sensitivity, comparable with fiberoptic endoscopic pictures. This revolutionary tool avoids the hazards of invasive airway assessment by fiber-optic bronchoscopy, like bleeding from airway masses, sedation induced airway collapse and other complications. This book is a valuable resource for anesthesiologists, intensivists, surgeons, radiologists, otolaryngologists, medical students as well as residents in training.
Virtual Gender: Technology, Consumption and Identity Matters
by Alison Adam Eileen GreenAs yet there has been relatively little published on women's activities in relation to new digital technologies. Virtual Gender brings together theoretical perspectives from feminist theory, the sociology of technology and gender studies with well designed empirical studies to throw new light on the impact of ICTs on contemporary social life.A line-up of authors from around the world looks at the gender and technology issues related to leisure, pleasure and consumption, identity and self. Their research is set against a backcloth of renewed interest in citizenship and ethics and how these concepts are recreated in an on-line situation, particularly in local settings.With chapters on subjects ranging from gender-switching on-line, computer games, and cyberstalking to the use of the domestic telephone, this stimulating collection challenges the stereotype of woman as a passive victim of technology. It offers new ways of looking at the many dimensions in which ICTs can be said to be gendered and will be a rich resource for students and teachers in this expanding field of study.
Virtual Microscopy and Virtual Slides in Teaching, Diagnosis, and Research (Advances in Pathology, Microscopy, & Molecular Morphology)
by Jiang Gu Robert W. OgilvieDespite a brief history, the technologies of virtual microscopy and virtual slides have captured the imagination of many, especially this current crop of students. Having come of age in the computer and Internet age, this emerging group of technicians and researchers tends to display a distinct preference for virtual slides and virtual microscopes.
Virtual Prototyping & Bio Manufacturing in Medical Applications
by Paulo Jorge Bártolo Bopaya BidandaThe original role of RP was to confirm the shape and feel of concept design, but innovations in RP now allow for the development of sophisticated medical devices such as catheters, stents, drug delivery systems, syringes and cardio-vascular devices, and more. RP has moved beyond medical devices, as surgeons now regularly use RP models to brainstorm strategies for surgeries. This book presents new uses for rapid prototyping in state-of-the-art medical applications.
Virtual Reality Games for Rehabilitation (Virtual Reality Technologies for Health and Clinical Applications)
by Eva Brooks David J. BrownThis volume focuses on games to manage and facilitate rehabilitation. It emphasizes user practice, attitudes, and experience, and their changing place within developing rehabilitation frameworks. It looks at how users have adopted, integrated, and innovated with games to facilitate rehabilitation. Topics include game technology, game design and accessibility, web-based technologies vs pervasive and mobile technologies, social and collaborative aspects, and rehabilitative outcome. Games for rehabilitation are gaining interest from different communities such as medicine, psychology, and rehabilitation. A distinction can be made between games specifically made for rehabilitative purposes and games made for the general public but that are used in rehabilitation as well. Games have allowed the building of new/complementary forms for rehabilitation and offered new options to produce rehabilitative activities and experiences.
Virtual Reality Interventions for Patients Under Palliative Care: A Practical Guide for Healthcare Professionals
by Olive K. WooVirtual Reality Interventions for Patients under Palliative Care is a groundbreaking guide that empowers healthcare professionals to transform end-of-life care with the innovative use of virtual reality (VR).This book equips clinicians with the knowledge and skills they need to seamlessly integrate state-of-the-art VR technology into palliative care, addressing a wide range of patient needs, from pain management to wish fulfillment. The book’s special features include evidence-based VR interventions, practical implementation strategies, assessment tools, case studies, clinical tips, and suggested scripts for engagement, preparation, and assessment.Grounded in robust research, theory, and practical expertise, this guidebook is a must-read for any researcher or professional who wants to enhance the quality of life for terminally ill patients and their families through VR technology, which offers a novel and transformative approach that sets it apart from traditional palliative care practices.
Virtual Reality for Physical and Motor Rehabilitation
by Patrice L. Tamar Weiss Emily A. Keshner Mindy F. LevinWhile virtual reality (VR) has influenced fields as varied as gaming, archaeology and the visual arts, some of its most promising applications come from the health sector. Particularly encouraging are the many uses of VR in supporting the recovery of motor skills following accident or illness. Virtual Reality for Physical and Motor Rehabilitation reviews two decades of progress and anticipates advances to come. It offers current research on the capacity of VR to evaluate, address, and reduce motor skill limitations and the use of VR to support motor and sensorimotor function, from the most basic to the most sophisticated skill levels. Expert scientists and clinicians explain how the brain organizes motor behavior, relate therapeutic objectives to client goals and differentiate among VR platforms in engaging the production of movement and balance. On the practical side, contributors demonstrate that VR complements existing therapies across various conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury and stroke. Included among the topics: Neuroplasticity and virtual reality. Vision and perception in virtual reality. Sensorimotor recalibration in virtual environments. Rehabilitative applications using VR for residual impairments following stroke. VR reveals mechanisms of balance and locomotor impairments. Applications of VR technologies for childhood disabilities. A resource of great immediate and future utility, Virtual Reality for Physical and Motor Rehabilitation distills a dynamic field to aid the work of neuropsychologists, rehabilitation specialists (including physical, speech, vocational and occupational therapists), and neurologists.
Virtual Reality for Psychological and Neurocognitive Interventions (Virtual Reality Technologies for Health and Clinical Applications)
by Stéphane Bouchard Albert “Skip” RizzoThis exciting collection tours virtual reality in both its current therapeutic forms and its potential to transform a wide range of medical and mental health-related fields. Extensive findings track the contributions of VR devices, systems, and methods to accurate assessment, evidence-based and client-centered treatment methods, and—as described in a stimulating discussion of virtual patient technologies—innovative clinical training. Immersive digital technologies are shown enhancing opportunities for patients to react to situations, therapists to process patients’ physiological responses, and scientists to have greater control over test conditions and access to results. Expert coverage details leading-edge applications of VR across a broad spectrum of psychological and neurocognitive conditions, including: Treating anxiety disorders and PTSD.Treating developmental and learning disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorder,Assessment of and rehabilitation from stroke and traumatic brain injuries.Assessment and treatment of substance abuse.Assessment of deviant sexual interests.Treating obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.Augmenting learning skills for blind persons. Readable and relevant, Virtual Reality for Psychological and Neurocognitive Interventions is an essential idea book for neuropsychologists, rehabilitation specialists (including physical, speech, vocational, and occupational therapists), and neurologists. Researchers across the behavioral and social sciences will find it a roadmap toward new and emerging areas of study.
Virtual Reality for Serious Illness
by Kathleen D. Benton Teri YarbrowVirtual Reality for Serious Illness explores the important role virtual-reality interventions can play in symptom management, anxiety control, and spiritual meaning. This book focuses on cutting-edge research and its effects on the seriously ill and those who treat the seriously ill. The innovation in this book is twofold: It is a global look at the use of virtual reality in complex medical cases where it takes an interdisciplinary look at use of virtual reality, and it includes a strong focus on the spiritual healing resulting from the meaning and purpose found during this intervention.The book is written for professionals who use holistic healing measures in the scope of treatment for chronic and seriously ill patients. It is written for all disciplines acting in holistic healthcare healing, including physicians, chaplains, nurses, and informatics interventionists.
Virtual Reality in Behavioral Neuroscience: New Insights and Methods (Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences #65)
by Christopher Maymon Gina Grimshaw Ying Choon WuVirtual Reality (VR) is a rapidly maturing technology that offers new and unique solutions to otherwise intractable problems in the study of cognition, behavior and neuroscience. VR removes many of the constraints imposed by laboratory paradigms, allowing us to track cognitive, behavioral and brain responses to naturalistic (or even impossible) situations without sacrificing experimental control. But VR is not a tool that can be swiftly and effortlessly integrated into existing research pipelines; currently, the benefits of VR are accompanied by a host of methodological challenges and important practical considerations. To help navigate this new methodology, this volume provides a balanced review of both the exciting new findings emerging from VR labs and the challenges and limitations that are part and parcel of VR research. This volume is an important first step toward establishing a standardised methodology for conducting research in VR. To this end, the volume provides a wealth of practical advice for researchers who are new to the technology. This volume is authored by an interdisciplinary team of VR researchers including computer scientists, engineers, psychologists and neuroscientists. It highlights current research in the field to demonstrate how VR advances our understanding of the mind, while also providing groundbreaking solutions in applied domains.
Virtual Reality in Health and Rehabilitation (Rehabilitation Science in Practice Series)
by Marcia J. Scherer Christopher M. Hayre Dave J. MullerThis edited book focuses on the role and use of VR for healthcare professions in both health and rehabilitation settings. It is also offers future trends of other emerging technology within medicine and allied health professions. This text draws on expertise of leading medical practitioners and researchers who utilise such VR technologies in their practices to enhance patient/service user outcomes. Research and practical evidence is presented with a strong applied emphasis to further enhance the use VR technologies within the community, the hospital and in education environment(s). The book may also be used to influence policymakers on how healthcare delivery is offered.
Virtual Reality in Medicine
by Matthias Harders Robert RienerVirtual Reality has the potential to provide descriptive and practical information for medical training and therapy while relieving the patient or the physician. Multimodal interactions between the user and the virtual environment facilitate the generation of high-fidelity sensory impressions, by using not only visual and auditory, but also kinesthetic, tactile, and even olfactory feedback modalities. On the basis of the existing physiological constraints, Virtual Reality in Medicine derives the technical requirements and design principles of multimodal input devices, displays, and rendering techniques. Resulting from a course taught by the authors, Virtual Reality in Medicine presents examples for surgical training, intra-operative augmentation, and rehabilitation that are already in use as well as those currently in development. It is well suited as introductory material for engineering and computer science students, as well as researchers who want to learn more about basic technologies in the area of virtual reality applied to medicine. It also provides a broad overview to non-engineering students as well as clinical users, who desire to learn more about the current state of the art and future applications of this technology.