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Military History of Late Rome 565–602
by Ilkka SyvänneMilitary History of Late Rome 565-602 provides a new fresh analysis of the Roman Empire in the aftermath of the reconquests of Justinian I (527-65). It is often claimed that Justinian overstretched the Roman resources, but this analysis proves that view wrong. It demonstrates that the initial troubles were largely the result of the mistakes of Justin II (565-78) and that his successors, Tiberius II (578-82) and Maurice (582-602), not only restored its fortunes but were, at the time of the death of Maurice, actually poised to complete the reconquests of Justinian. It was thanks to the reforms of Maurice, which were codified in the military treatise the Strategikon, that the Roman army had achieved a position of relative superiority over all of its enemies so that by 602 the Romans had decisively defeated the Persians, Slavs and Avars and were poised to complete the project of reconquest. These gains, however, were lost when Maurice was murdered in a military mutiny which brought Phocas to power. This volume explains why the Roman army overthrew one of the greatest Roman emperors who ever lived. This was an era of epic battles so it is not a surprise that the author also pays particular attention to the period tactics and analyses all of the period battles in great detail. These include for example such battles as Melitene, Constantia, Sirmium, Nymphius River, Solanchon, Lake Urmiah, Plain of Canzak, Iatrus, and the epic battles of Priscus and Comentiolus in the Balkans.
Military History of Late Rome 602–641
by Ilkka SyvänneThe Military History of Late Rome 565-602 provides a fresh analysis of the Roman Empire from the reign of Phocas (602-10) until the death of Heraclius (610-41). This was an era of unprecedented upheavals which is usually considered to have resulted in the end of antiquity. The usurpations of Phocas and Heraclius led to the collapse of the Roman defenses; The Persians conquered Syria, Lebanon, Palestine and Egypt; The Avars and Slavs ravaged the Balkans; The Lombards held the upper hand in Italy; the Visigoths conquered Spain; But then happened one of the most remarkable reversals of fortune in the history of mankind. Heraclius began his holy war against the fire-worshippers. He launched a very effective counterattack against the Persians as a result of which the Romans not only defeated the Persians but actually even extended their domains at their expense, and not only this, because by 633 Heraclius was already restoring the Roman fortunes in the Balkans. This volume revises many of the previously held views of how this took place and what actually happened. The Roman armies seemed invincible and then happened yet another great reversal of fortune – the Muslims began their jihad to conquer the world. The author provides a fresh analysis of all of these upheavals; explains in detail why these reversals of fortune happened; what enabled the Romans to defeat the Persians; and why the Romans lost when they fought against the Muslims and, conversely, why the Muslims were so successful. This was an era of epic campaigns and battles all of which are explained in unprecedented detail. The epic campaigns needed equally talented commanders who include, for example, Heraclius, Chosroes II Parwez, Shahrbaraz, Shahin, Abu Bakr, Umar, Abu Ubaydah, and Khalid b. al-Walid, the Sword of Allah.
A Military History of Modern China: From the Manchu Conquest to Tian'anmen Square
by Peter M. Worthing"Organized chronologically, this book is divided into three sections designed to reveal the manner in which war and the military have influenced the course of Chinese history. The first section, Imperial China, underscores the importance of war in China by dealing with the Manchu conquest and military rule over China, the developing technology gap between China and the West, the devastating defeats at the hands of Western powers in the 19th century, and early attempts at military reform and modernization. " "The second section, Republican China, traces important military reforms that gave rise to a revolutionary movement, the overthrow of the monarchy, and attempts to establish a democratic republic. The military played a dominant role in the search for a viable, modern political state during this period, which saw intense fighting between independent "warlords," contending political parties that used military force against their rivals, and a Japanese invasion. " "The third section, People's Republic of China, reveals the critical role of the military and warfare in the period after the Chinese Communist Party came to power. It explores the Chinese Communist role in the Korean War, border clashes with the Soviet Union, India, and Vietnam, changes in military doctrine, organization, and technology, the People's Liberation Army's violent suppression of the 1989 student demonstrations, and the military situation in the Taiwan Strait. The book also includes a section on modern military reform, acquisition of military technology, and relations with Taiwan. "--BOOK JACKET.
A Military History of Modern South Africa
by Ian van der WaagThe story of a century of conflict and change—from the Second Boer War to the anti-apartheid movement and the many battles in between. Twentieth-century South Africa saw continuous, often rapid, and fundamental socioeconomic and political change. The century started with a brief but total war. Less than ten years later, Britain brought the conquered Boer republics and the Cape and Natal colonies together into the Union of South Africa. The Union Defence Force, later the SADF, was deployed during most of the major wars of the century, as well as a number of internal and regional struggles: the two world wars, Korea, uprising and rebellion on the part of Afrikaner and black nationalists, and industrial unrest. The century ended as it started, with another war. This was a flash point of the Cold War, which embraced more than just the subcontinent and lasted a long thirty years. The outcome included the final withdrawal of foreign troops from southern Africa, the withdrawal of South African forces from Angola and Namibia, and the transfer of political power away from a white elite to a broad-based democracy. This book is the first study of the South African armed forces as an institution and of the complex roles that these forces played in the wars, rebellions, uprisings, and protests of the period. It deals in the first instance with the evolution of South African defense policy, the development of the armed forces, and the people who served in and commanded them. It also places the narrative within the broader national past, to produce a fascinating study of a century in which South Africa was uniquely embroiled in three total wars.
Military History of New Bedford, The (Images of America)
by Christopher McdonaldThis accurate and exciting pictorial history will acquaint the reader with the seacoast defense of New Bedford. Fortified since the 1700s, seacoast defenses provided important protection for the New Bedford area. By the time of the Civil War, a strong granite fortress was under construction to guard the seaward approaches to the harbor of New Bedford and, later, powerful long-range guns were installed to protect the seaport. In The Military History of New Bedford, great care has been taken to identify more than two hundred vintage photographs of the harbor defense systems at all the points of Buzzards Bay, coastal fortifications, and the observation and radar towers from the Cape Cod Canal to Westport. The book identifies and explains the long-abandoned granite and concrete monoliths of New Bedford. It touches upon Gen. Robert E. Lee's role in the construction of the granite fort at Clark's Point (Fort Taber) and describes the impact that Henry Martyn Robert had in the area by writing Pocket Manual of Rules of Order for Deliberative Assemblies, later known as Robert's Rules of Order.
Military History of New Jersey (Military)
by Mark Edward Lender David PetrielloWar came to Garden State soil early. The Dutch fought the Indians in Kieft's War, while the English fought the Spanish in the War of Jenkins' Ear and the French, Swedes and native nations in dozens of other conflicts. New Jersey played an integral role as the "Crossroads of the American Revolution." The Battle of Trenton, the crossing of the Delaware and battles at Monmouth and Springfield helped the colonies break free from Britain. During both world wars, German submarines lurked along the coastline. Historian David Petriello presents a comprehensive military history of New Jersey, highlighting the state's major and lesser-known engagements and contributions to the defense of the nation.
Military History of the Cape Cod Canal, The (Images of America)
by Capt. Gerald ButlerDuring World War II, with Allied merchant and navy ships under the threat of German U-boats, the eastern seaboard was on high alert. The Cape Cod Canal, a vital waterway for commercial and military traffic, underwent a period of strict control, occupation, and defense. This pictorial history documents the activity during that time and the extensive array of weaponry and manpower brought to bear in coastal defense.In The Military History of the Cape Cod Canal, the abandoned foundations at Sagamore Hill and throughout most of Buzzards Bay are explored, as well as the weapons, devices, and personnel assigned to ensure the canal's integrity throughout the war. Although the responsibilities of the U.S. Army's Coast Artillery are a focal point, the actions of the U.S. Navy, the U.S. Coast Guard, and the air arms of all the military services during World War II are also included. The Military History of the Cape Cod Canal documents the mishaps, collisions, and war-damaged ships in and near the canal, as well as the joint military protection forces and plans in effect during World War II.
A Military History of the Western World, Vol. I: From the Earliest Times to the Battle of Lepanto (A Military History of the Western World #1)
by J. F. C. FullerA magnificent work of history, ten years in the writing, which covers the great captains and commanders, the decisive battles on land and sea, the influence of weapons, and the military factors which have influenced the rise and fall of civilizations in the Western world.Major-General J. F. C. Fuller, a pioneer of mechanized warfare in Great Britain, was one of the twentieth century’s most renowned military strategists and historians. In this magisterial work, he spans military history from the Greeks to the end of World War II, describing tactics, battle lines, the day-to-day struggles while always relating affairs on the field to the larger questions of social, political, and economic change in Western civilization.A masterpiece of scholarship and biting prose, this first volume of three includes the rise of imperialism, the major battles, and the political and social changes from Greece, Rome, the Carolingian Empire, Byzantium, the siege and fall of Constantinople in 1453, to the rise of the Spanish and Ottoman Empires and the Battle of Lepanto in 1571.“General Fuller’s ‘Military History,’ seen as a whole, is a magnificent survey of the evolution of western military organization, tactics and strategy from the earliest times to the present: and perhaps its outstanding feature is the fact that this evolution is always seen within the context of political and social history, the author being careful to demonstrate the reciprocal relationship which exists between military establishments on the one hand and civilian societies which support them on the other.”—New York Herald Tribune
A Military History of the Western World, Vol. II: From the Defeat of the Spanish Armada, 1588, to the Battle of Waterloo, 1815 (A Military History of the Western World #2)
by J. F. C. FullerThe greatest military historian of our time continues his magnificent chronicle of the wars, battles, captains and commanders, weapons, and ideologies which have shaped the Western world.Major-General J. F. C. Fuller, a pioneer of mechanized warfare in Great Britain, was one of the twentieth century’s most renowned military strategists and historians. In this magisterial work he spans military history from the Greeks to the end of World War II, describing tactics, battle lines, the day-to-day struggles while always relating affairs on the field to the larger questions of social, political, and economic change in Western civilization.A masterpiece of scholarship and biting prose, this second volume of three describes the 16th-century rivalry between England and Spain, the Thirty Years War, struggle between France and England, American Revolutionary War, and the rise and fall of Napoleon.“General Fuller’s ‘Military History,’ seen as a whole, is a magnificent survey of the evolution of western military organization, tactics and strategy from the earliest times to the present: and perhaps its outstanding feature is the fact that this evolution is always seen within the context of political and social history, the author being careful to demonstrate the reciprocal relationship which exists between military establishments on the one hand and civilian societies which support them on the other.”—New York Herald Tribune
A Military History of the Western World, Vol. III: From the Seven Days Battle, 1862 to the Battle of Leyte Gulf, 1944 (A Military History of the Western World #3)
by J. F. C. FullerThis final volume encompasses the period of the American Civil War to the end of the Second World War with extraordinary and objective analysis and judgment in chronicling its wars and battles and gigantic political conflicts.Major-General J. F. C. Fuller, a pioneer of mechanized warfare in Great Britain, was one of the twentieth century’s most renowned military strategists and historians. In this magisterial work he spans military history from the Greeks to the end of World War II, describing tactics, battle lines, the day-to-day struggles while always relating affairs on the field to the larger questions of social, political, and economic change in Western civilization.A masterpiece of scholarship and biting prose, this third and final volume outlines the age of industrialism and the rise of American imperialism, the Civil War, expansionist policies of Japan and Russia, and World Wars I and II, offering fresh insights into the relationship between military history and social change.“Any new book by Maj. Gen. J. F. C. Fuller is an event in the field of military history, and with the publication of this third and final volume of his survey of warfare he brings to a close the most comprehensive work of a long career.”—The New York Times“The grand chronicle is completed with this third volume of what must certainly become one of the most important military studies ever accomplished.”—San Francisco Chronicle“Readers of Major-General Fuller’s two earlier volumes on the military history of the Western world will find in this third and final portion all the ingredients which make his work one of the best in recent military studies.”—Christian Science Monitor
Military History Of Ulysses S. Grant From April 1861 To April 1865 Vol. I (Military History Of Ulysses S. Grant From April 1861 To April 1865 #1)
by General Adam BadeauIncludes Civil War Map and Illustrations Pack - 224 battle plans, campaign maps and detailed analyses of actions spanning the entire period of hostilities.Few men can have known General and President of the United States Ulysses S. Grant as well as General Adam Badeau. As Grant's military secretary during 1864-1865, he came to know and work closely with the future president; he wrote his classic account of General Grant's military abilities. Allowed access to documents produced on both the Union and Confederate armies during the war, Badeau weaves these into an excellent narrative. As a soldier himself Badeau is able to give a critical account of the battles actions and motivations that Grant was engaged in.An excellent military biography.
Military History Of Ulysses S. Grant From April 1861 To April 1865 Vol. II (Military History Of Ulysses S. Grant From April 1861 To April 1865 #2)
by General Adam BadeauIncludes Civil War Map and Illustrations Pack - 224 battle plans, campaign maps and detailed analyses of actions spanning the entire period of hostilities.Few men can have known General and President of the United States Ulysses S. Grant as well as General Adam Badeau. As Grant's military secretary during 1864-1865, he came to know and work closely with the future president; he wrote his classic account of General Grant's military abilities. Allowed access to documents produced on both the Union and Confederate armies during the war, Badeau weaves these into an excellent narrative. As a soldier himself Badeau is able to give a critical account of the battles actions and motivations that Grant was engaged in.An excellent military biography.
Military History Of Ulysses S. Grant From April 1861 To April 1865 Vol. III (Military History Of Ulysses S. Grant From April 1861 To April 1865 #3)
by General Adam BadeauIncludes Civil War Map and Illustrations Pack - 224 battle plans, campaign maps and detailed analyses of actions spanning the entire period of hostilities.Few men can have known General and President of the United States Ulysses S. Grant as well as General Adam Badeau. As Grant's military secretary during 1864-1865, he came to know and work closely with the future president; he wrote his classic account of General Grant's military abilities. Allowed access to documents produced on both the Union and Confederate armies during the war, Badeau weaves these into an excellent narrative. As a soldier himself Badeau is able to give a critical account of the battles actions and motivations that Grant was engaged in.An excellent military biography.
Military Honour and the Conduct of War: From Ancient Greece to Iraq (Cass Military Studies)
by Paul RobinsonThis study presents the first examination of the influence of ideas of honour on the causes, conduct and ending of wars from Ancient Greece to the present day. Paul Robinson begins with a theoretical examination of the concept of honour, to clearly explain the many contradictions and tensions inherent within honour systems. He then shows how honour has often contradictory and paradoxical effects on the conduct of war and illustrates this through seven case studies: Classical Greece; Ancient Rome; mediaeval Chivalry; Elizabethan England; the American Civil War; the British Empire; and the Western world after World War II (including the Vietnam War and the current conflict in Iraq). Key topics covered include: honour and virtue honour and the causes of war honour as a motivation for fighting honours and rewards death and honour honour and the conduct of war honour and the enemy honour and the ending of wars women and honour This book reveals that the often contradictory behaviour of soldiers during war is a product of the contradictions inherent in the concept of honour.This book will be of great interest to all students of military ethics, military history, politics, international relations, anthropology, sociology, philosophy and the history of ideas.
Military in America: From the Colonial Era to the Present
by Peter M. KarstenNewly revised and expanded, this penetrating book goes beyond battles and strategies to examine the character and development of the American military establishment and its crucial relationship to the general society. Chronologically grouped into nine historical periods, over forty articles - including a rich and enlightening introductory essay, new primary sources, and interpretative pieces - span 200 years of military history from colonial times to today. Interweaving sociological and historical perspectives, Peter Karsten probes the following provocative topics: the debate over whether the military reflects or shapes society; the nature of combat and its emotional effects on servicemen; the recruitment, training, and socialization of military personnel; public attitudes toward military systems and military attitudes toward the public; the development of interservice rivalries; the draft vs. All-Volunteer Force; racial relations in the armed services; political lobbying and the military; and much more. This new edition also contains recent material devoted to Vietnam and its impact on current military conditions.
The Military in British India: The Development of British Land Forces in South Asia 1600–1947 (History of the British Army)
by T. A. HeathcoteT.A. Heathcotes study of the conflicts that established British rule in South Asia, and of the militarys position in the constitution of British India, is a classic work in the field. By placing these conflicts clearly in their local context, his account moves away from the Euro-centric approach of many writers on British imperial military history. It provides a greater understanding not only of the history of the British Indian Army but also of the Indian experience, which had such a formative an effect on the British Army itself. This new edition has been fully revised and given appropriate illustrations.
Military in San Diego, The (No Ser.)
by Scott McgaughNo city is as proud of its military heritage as San Diego, known as "Navy Town, USA." Congress also has designated San Diego as "the Birthplace of Naval Aviation." However, its community fabric reflects a more diverse and tightly woven relationship with our nation's defense. Over the past century, the city has invented and then reinvented itself in response to shifting world affairs and national priorities. It began with a successful campaign to become a West Coast Navy base in the early 1900s. By the 1930s, military aircraft manufacturing drove economic development. After explosive growth in World War II, San Diego emerged as an established military metropolis. At the dawn of the Cold War, San Diego recast itself as a home for Cold War research and development and defense contractors. Today, San Diego is an internationally renowned defense science and technology development center, a city in which one in four jobs and fully 50 percent of regional domestic product are defense related. Like no other city in America, San Diego has grown from a remote military presidio outpost to become a preeminent Pacific powerhouse.
Military, Inc.: Inside Pakistan's Military Economy
by Ayesha SiddiqaPakistan occupies a paradoxical, even contradictory place in American foreign policy. Nominally a strategic ally in the war on terror, it is the third-largest recipient of US aid in the world. At the same time, it is run by its military and intelligence service—whose goals certainly do not always overlap with US priorities. <P><P> This book offers a close look at what the rise of the military has meant for Pakistani society. Ayesha Siddiqa shows how entrenched the military has become, not just in day-to-day governance, but in the Pakistani corporate sector as well. What are the consequences of this unprecedented merging of the military and corporate sectors? What does it mean for Pakistan’s economic development—let alone for hopes of an eventual return to democracy and de-militarization? <P><P>This new edition brings Siddiqa’s account fully up to date with a new preface and conclusion that emphasize the changing role of the media.
Military Incompetence: Why the American Military Doesn't Win (American Century)
by Richard A. GabrielFormer soldier and author Richard Gabriel offers a prescription for reform based on his twenty years of military experience. The history of American military operations in the post-Vietnam era has been marked by failure and near-disaster. Since 1970, American forces have been committed in five operations--in Sontay to rescue prisoners, in Cambodia on behalf of the crew of the Mayaguez, in Iran to rescue the American hostages, in Beirut, and in Grenada--and in each case they have failed. Gabriel tells how and why each was crippled by faulty intelligence, clumsy execution, or poor planning by the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Much of his information is still classified by the Pentagon and is revealed here for the first time.
The Military-Industrial Complex at 50
by David SwansonThis book is the most comprehensive collection available explaining what the military industrial complex (MIC) is, where it comes from, what damage it does, what further destruction it threatens, and what can be done and is being done to chart a different course.
Military Industry and Regional Defense Policy: India, Iraq and Israel (Cass Military Studies)
by Timothy D. HoytMilitary Industry and Regional Defense Policy re-examines military industrialization in the developing world, focusing on policy-making in producer states and the impact of security perceptions on such policy-making. Timothy D. Hoyt reassesses the role of regional state sub-systems in international relations, and recent historical studies of international technology and arms transfers. Looking at Israel, Iraq and India, the three most powerful regional powers in the Cold War era, he presesnts an expert analysis of the three-sided phenomena of the regional hegemony, the regional competitor and the small over-achiever. This new book breaks away from existing literature on military industries in the developing world, which has focused on their economic and development costs and benefits. These past studies have used primitive methodologies that focus on the production of complete weapons systems - a misleading gauge in a world of growing international defense cooperation. They have also ignored empirical evidence of the impact of local military industrial production on Cold War regional conflict, and of the defence planning and concerns that drove development of indigenous military industries in key regional powers. This new text delivers an incisive new perspective.
Military Industry and Regional Defense Policy: India, Iraq and Israel (Cass Military Studies)
by Timothy D. HoytMilitary Industry and Regional Defense Policy re-examines military industrialization in the developing world, focusing on policy-making in producer states and the impact of security perceptions on such policy-making.Timothy D. Hoyt reassesses the role of regional state sub-systems in international relations, and recent historical studies of international technology and arms transfers. Looking at Israel, Iraq and India, the three most powerful regional powers in the Cold War era, he presesnts an expert analysis of the three-sided phenomena of the regional hegemony, the regional competitor and the small over-achiever.This new book breaks away from existing literature on military industries in the developing world, which has focused on their economic and development costs and benefits. These past studies have used primitive methodologies that focus on the production of complete weapons systems - a misleading gauge in a world of growing international defense cooperation. They have also ignored empirical evidence of the impact of local military industrial production on Cold War regional conflict, and of the defence planning and concerns that drove development of indigenous military industries in key regional powers. This new text delivers an incisive new perspective.
Military Innovation in The Interwar Period
by Williamson Murray Allan R. MillettIn 1914, the armies and navies that faced each other were alike right down to the strengths of their companies and battalions and the designs of their battleships and cruisers. Differences were of degree rather than essence. During the interwar period, however, the armed forces grew increasingly asymmetrical, developing different approaches to the same problems. This 1996 study of major military innovations in the 1920s and 1930s explores differences in exploitation by the seven major military powers. The comparative essays investigate how and why innovation occurred or did not occur, and explain much of the strategic and operative performance of the Axis and Allies in World War II. The essays focus on several instances of how military services developed new technology and weapons and incorporated them into their doctrine, organisation and styles of operations.
Military Innovation in Small States: Creating a Reverse Asymmetry (Cass Military Studies)
by Michael RaskaThis book provides a comprehensive assessment of the global diffusion of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) and its impact on military innovation trajectories in small states. Although the 'Revolution in Military Affairs' (RMA) concept has enjoyed significant academic attention, the varying paths and patterns of military innovation in divergent strategic settings have been overlooked. This book seeks to rectify this gap by addressing the broad puzzle of how the global diffusion of RMA-oriented military innovation – the process of international transmission, communication, and interaction of RMA-related military concepts, organizations, and technologies - has shaped the paths, patterns, and scope of military innovation of selected small states. In a reverse mode, how have selected small states influenced the conceptualization and transmission of the RMA theory, processes, and debate? Using Israel, Singapore and South Korea as case studies, this book argues that RMA-oriented military innovation paths in small states indicate predominantly evolutionary trajectory, albeit with a varying patterns resulting from the confluence of three sets of variables: (1) the level of strategic, organizational, and operational adaptability in responding to shifts in the geostrategic and regional security environment; (2) the ability to identify, anticipate, exploit, and sustain niche military innovation – select conceptual, organizational, and technological innovation intended to enhance the military’s ability to prepare for, fight, and win wars, and (3) strategic culture. While the book represents relevant empirical cases for testing the validity of the RMA diffusion hypotheses, from a policy-oriented perspective, this book argues that these case studies offer lessons learned in coping with the security and defence management challenges posed by military innovation in general. This book will be of much interest for students of military innovation, strategic studies, defence studies, Asian politics, Middle Eastern politics and security studies in general.
Military Innovation in Türkiye: An Overview of the Post-Cold War Era (Routledge Military and Strategic Studies on the Middle East and North Africa)
by Barış AteşThis book explores Turkish military innovation since the Cold War. The major questions addressed are how Türkiye has been able to innovate, the production of new weapon systems, its philosophical background, how the country overcame bureaucratic and economic obstacles, and how these innovations resonated in military doctrine and organization. Focusing on two main defense industry projects that trigger an overall change in the military doctrine and organization, the text examines the innovative inclinations of the Turkish military realm and reveals the societal, economic and political consequences of military innovation. This book fills a gap in the literature by providing an interdisciplinary and comprehensive overview of Turkish military innovation. Contributors include those involved in and affected by the military innovation process, as well as scholars who monitor the process using primary sources. Military Innovation in Türkiye will appeal to academics, politicians and military professionals interested in understanding the evolution of the Turkish military.