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Attention and Emotion: A Clinical Perspective (Psychology Press And Routledge Classic Editions Ser.)
by Gerald Matthews Adrian WellsThis text critically reviews the literature on attention and emotion, and offers an integrative cognitive attentional model of the development and maintenance of emotional disorders. It highlights the similarities and differences between disorders and offers specific new treatment implications. The book contains numerous summary sections so that readers less familiar with the cognitive literature can follow the main issues without being overwhelmed. The central aims of this work are: to review critically models of attention and their application to attentional processes in emotional disorders; To develop an integrative theoretical framework and model for conceptualizing attentional processes associated with the aetiology and maintenance of emotional stress reactions; and to discuss the implications for clinical practice of attentional theories of emotional dysfunction.
Attention and Emotion: A clinical perspective (Psychology Press & Routledge Classic Editions)
by Adrian Wells Gerald MatthewsThis is a Classic Edition of Adrian Wells and Gerald Matthews’ award-winning textbook on attention and emotion, which now includes new section introductions. The book won the British Psychological Society book award in 1998, and is now widely seen as a classic in the field of emotional disorders. Attention and Emotion: A Clinical Perspective critically reviews the literature on attention and emotion, and offers an integrative cognitive attentional model of the development and maintenance of emotional disorders. The authors also discuss the implications for clinical practice of attentional theories of emotional dysfunction. In the new section introductions, the authors reflect on the influence of their ground-breaking model and the subsequent developments in the field, 20 years since the book was first published. The book will continue to be essential reading for students, researchers and professionals with an interest in disorders of attention and emotion.
Attention and information Processing in infants and Adults: Perspectives From Human and Animal Research
by Byron A. Campbell Harlene Hayne Rick RichardsonFirst published in 1991. The impetus for this book and the conference upon which it was based stemmed from the authors’ observation that the interrelated phenomena of attention and information processing were the focus of intensive theoretical analysis and empirical research in many different scientific disciplines. The goal of the conference upon which this volume is based was to bring together a distinguished group of investigators from different fields who had rarely (or never) interacted. The specific issues addressed in the present volume concern the changes that occur in attention and information processing during development, the role of selective attention and pre-attentive mechanisms in information processing, the allocation of processing resources, the physiological correlates of attention, and the role of attention-like processes in learning and memory in animals. The participants were from all over the world and represented the areas of psychophysiology, human infancy, developmental psychobiology, animal learning, autonomic regulation, and psychopathology.
Attention and Interpretation: A scientific approach to insight in psycho-analysis and groups
by W R BionTavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in 1970 and is available individually. The collection is also available in a number of themed mini-sets of between 5 and 13 volumes, or as a complete collection.
Attention and Interpretation: A Scientific Approach To Insight In Psycho-analysis And Groups
by Wilfred R. BionBion's central thesis in this volume is that for the study of people, whether individually or in groups, a cardinal requisite is accurate observation, accompanied by accurate appreciation and formulation of the observations so made. The study represents a further development of a theme introduced in the author's earlier works, particularly in Elements of Psychoanalysis (1963) and Transformations (1965). Bion's concern with the subject stems directly from his psycho-analytic experience and reflects his endeavor to overcome, in a scientific frame of reference, the immense difficulty of observing, assessing, and communicating non-sensuous experience. Here, he lays emphasis on he overriding importance of attending to the realities of mental phenomena as they manifest themselves in the individual or group under study. In influences that interpose themselves between the observer and the subject of his scrutiny giving rise to opacity, are examined, together with ways of controlling them.
Attention and its Crisis in Digital Society (Routledge Advances in Sociology)
by Enrico CampoIn the context of debates surrounding the effects of new technologies on our mental faculties, particularly the attention span, this volume addresses the notion of a deterioration of attention, and the related ideas of cognitive overload, an inability to concentrate, and attention deficit disorder. Through a new conceptualization of attention based not on individualistic or universalistic approaches, but centered instead on the cultural and social variability of cognitive processes and the multiplicity of forces and environments that encourage, stimulate, and inhibit certain cognitive mechanisms, the author rejects the idea of a degradation or crisis of attention and proposes an alternative vision of the problem of attention in contemporary societies. Placing cultural conventions, social norms, and ecological environments at the forefront of our understanding of individual and collective attention, Attention and its Crisis in Digital Society will appeal to scholars of sociology, psychology, and philosophy with interests in social theory, cognitive processes, and the criticisms often levelled at digital society and new technologies.
Attention and Mental Control (Elements in Philosophy of Mind)
by Carolyn Dicey JenningsMental control refers to the ability to control our own minds. Its primary expression, attention has become a popular topic for philosophers in the past few decades, generating the need for a primer on the concept. It is related to self-control, which typically refers to the maintenance of preferred behavior in the face of temptation. While a distinct concept, criticisms of self-control can also be applied to mental control, such as that it implies the existence of an unscientific homunculus-like agent or is not a natural kind. Yet, as this Element suggests, a scientifically-grounded account of mental control remains possible. The Element is organized into five main sections, which cover the concept of mental control, the relationship between mental control and attention, the phenomena of meditation and mind-wandering, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and emergence-based accounts of mental control, including an original account by the author.
Attention and Orienting: Sensory and Motivational Processes
by Peter J. Lang Robert F. Simons Marie T. BalabanOrienting is the gateway to attention, the first step in processing stimulus information. This volume examines these initial stages of information intake, focusing on the sensory and motivational mechanisms that determine such phenomena as stimulus selection and inhibition, habituation, pre-attentive processing, and expectancy. Psychophysiological methods are emphasized throughout. The contributors consider analyses based on cardiovascular and electrodermal changes, reflex reactions, and neural events in the cortex and subcortex. Stimulated by a conference lauding Frances Graham -- held before and during a recent meeting of the Society for Psychophysiological Research, the book presents current theory and research by an international cadre of outstanding investigators. A major researcher and theorist in the field of attention for more than three decades, Dr. Graham contributes an Afterword to the present volume which is both a consideration of the work which has gone before, and a new, original theory paper on preattentive processing and attention.
Attention and Pattern Recognition (Routledge Modular Psychology Ser.)
by Nick LundWhilst attention is a term commonly used in everyday life, for many years psychologists have struggled in their attempts to explain what it actually means. Attention and Pattern Recognition introduces the main psychological research on attention and the methods that have been used to study it. It also examines the subdivisions of focused and divided attention and explores how people recognise patterns and faces. The Routledge Modular Psychology series is a completely new approach to introductory level psychology, tailor made to the new modular style of teaching. Each short book covers a topic in more detail than any large textbook can, allowing teacher and student to select material exactly to suit any particular course or project. The books have been written especially for those students new to higher level study, whether at school home, college or university. They include specially designed features to help with technique, such as model essay at an average level with an examiners comments to show how extra marks can be gained. The authors are all examiners and teachers at introductory level.
Attention and Performance VI: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Attention and Performance, Stockholm, Sweden, July 28–August 1, 1975 (Psychology Revivals)
by Stanislav DorničOriginally published in 1977, this sixth volume of an international series presented new and original material in the broad area of human performance. Included are the most recent findings, modern methodologies, and latest models and theories that indicate the trends and focus on recent points of debate. Among the topics covered are reaction processes, perceptual encoding, selective attention, visual search, processing a recognition of words as well as the reading process, and memory. This volume will be of paramount interest to experimental psychologists, from graduate students to post-graduate research workers.
Attention and Performance VII: Proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Attention and Performance, Senanque, France, August 1-6, 1976 (Psychology Revivals)
by Jean RequinOriginally published in 1978, this seventh volume of an international series continues the objective to increase and disseminate scientific knowledge in the area of human attention, performance and information processing, and to foster international communication in this area. This volume covers the following topics: time in perception; word perception and reading; speech perception and coding; hemisphere differences; response and physiological processes; theories and models. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.
Attention and Performance Viii (Attention and Performance Series)
by Raymond S. NickersonFirst published in 1980. This is a volume of the proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Attention and Performance held in Princeton, New Jersey, USA, from August 20th to 25th 1978.
Attention and Performance XI (Psychology Library Editions: Cognitive Science)
by MICHAEL I. POSNER AND OSCAR S.M. MARINOriginally published in 1985, this volume presents the proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Attention and Performance. With few exceptions, the central emphasis in previous meetings of the Attention and Performance Association was on the information-processing approach to normal human cognition. This emphasis had been supplemented, on occasion, by studies employing EEG methods, but there had not been systematic attempts to relate the information-processing approach to work in the neurosciences. This volume seeks to emphasize the search for mechanism with such methods of approach as the following: anatomical, physiological, neuropsychological, behavioral, and computational. The editors believed that this was in accord with recent developing trends in cognition and particularly with developments in the study of attention at the time.
Attention and Performance XII: The Psychology of Reading (Psychology Library Editions: Cognitive Science)
by Max ColtheartOriginally published in 1987 this volume presented a comprehensive state-of-the-art account of what was known about the psychology of reading at the time. All the fundamental aspects of reading are considered: visual attention, visual feature analysis, visual masking, letter and word recognition, priming effects, eye movements in reading, phonological processing, working memory and reading, parsing, sentence comprehension, and text integration. The subject of reading is approached from a variety of different theoretical perspectives, including cognitive psychology, connectionism, neuropsychology and linguistics. This broad and comprehensive review will still be of value for undergraduate and graduate teaching as well as research workers engaged in experimental or theoretical investigations of any aspect of the psychology of reading.
Attention and Performance Xiii: Motor Representation and Control (Attention and Performance Series)
by M. JeannerodCompiled as a result of the Thirteenth Symposium of the Association for Attention and Performance, this collection focuses on the Symposium's theme: Organization of Action. The book is arranged in sections which provide a comprehensive view of the main issues raised during the meeting. Several aspects of the theme were considered, including: the anatomical and physiological constraints on motor preparation and execution . the influence of control (proprioceptive, cutaneous, visual, oculomotor) signals the contribution of kinematics to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the role of cognitive constraints such as attention or learning in goal selection This new volume is of particular interest to professionals and researchers in cognitive psychology, physiology, and neuropsychology as well as those studying motor skills.
Attention and Responsibility in Global Health: The Currency of Neglect (Routledge Research in Ignorance Studies)
by Samantha VanderslottAttention and Responsibility in Global Health shows the construction of health through what is neglected and how the label of neglect is used, to make the case that shift in attitudes towards tropical diseases is based on changing cultures of health and disease. Tropical diseases have moved from being of high importance for European empires to being neglected and unknown, and then returning to the spotlight once again. During this process, the understanding, framing and overall character of the disease grouping has changed through a rediscovery of a health issue once rendered neglectable. The book depicts this change in relevance of tropical diseases from colonial history to the present day diseases across political, cultural, and socio-economic contexts. It shows the transformation of tropical diseases as a grouping that uncovers the changing strategies, tactics and unintended consequences used in advocacy campaigning by scientists, NGOs and policymakers to drive disease issues up the policy agenda. Drawing on the emergent field of ignorance studies, the book explores ideas about the uses and deployment of strategic "not knowing". It is aimed at academics and students in science and technology studies, the sociology of health and medicine, environmental sociology, public policy, and the history of science.
Attention and Value: Keys to Understanding Museum Visitors
by Stephen BitgoodHow can museums capture visitors’ attention? And how can their attention be sustained? In this important volume, leading visitor researcher and educational psychologist Stephen Bitgood proposes a model—the attention-value model—that will help museum practitioners create more effective museum environments. A major advance beyond earlier efforts, the attention-value model shows how both personal and exhibit design variables influence the capture, focus, and engagement of attention. Bitgood also offers extensive background in the visitor attention literature, details of his extensive testing of the attention-value tool, and guidelines for its application. Balancing theory, research, and practical application, Attention and Value is a must-read for exhibition developers at all levels—from students to seasoned practitioners.
Attention and Vision in Language Processing
by Ramesh Kumar Mishra Narayanan Srinivasan Falk HuettigThis volume provides a comprehensive overview of the nature of attentional and visual processes involved in language comprehension. Key concerns include how linguistic and non-linguistic processes jointly determine language comprehension and production and how the linguistic system interfaces with perceptual systems and attention. Language scientists have traditionally considered language in isolation from other cognitive and perceptual systems such as attention, vision and memory. In recent years, however, it has become increasingly clear that language comprehension must be studied within interaction contexts. The study of multimodal interactions and attentional processes during language processing has thus become an important theoretical focus that guides many research programs in psycholinguistics and related fields.
Attention, Attitude, and Affect in Response To Advertising
by Eddie M. Clark Timothy C. Brock David W. StewartLinked from the days of their origins, psychology and advertising developed as independent disciplines at almost the same time in the late nineteenth century. Providing an important arena in which psychologists have tested methods and theories, advertising has been a stimulus for research and development in such diverse specialties as learning and behavioral decision theory, psychometrics, perception, and social and mathematical psychology. Psychology, in turn, has contributed a wide assortment of tools, theories, and techniques to the practice of advertising. These contributions have found their place in virtually all areas of advertising practice -- stimulating creativity, evaluating the creative product, and informing the scheduling of media. Purposely eclectic, this volume presents new issues in consumer psychology and advertising such as the relationship between gender differences, cortical organization and advertising; new approaches to old issues such as attention as an epiphenomenon, and meta-analysis of comparative advertising research; and new applications of consumer psychology to other fields such as examining health behavior as consumer behavior, affect and political advertising, and the relationship between advertising and eating disorders. This volume is the result of the Sixth Annual Advertising and Consumer Behavior Conference, which was designed to bring together researchers and practitioners from both psychology and advertising. Chapter contributions are made by professionals in advertising and marketing, professors in psychology and marketing departments, and psychologists who consult for advertising and marketing organizations. Thus, the chapters represent a microcosm of the type of interaction that has characterized the interface of psychology and advertising for more than a hundred years.
Attention, Balance and Coordination: The A.B.C. of Learning Success
by Lawrence J. Beuret Peter Blythe Sally Goddard Blythe Valerie Scaramella9 NowinskiAn updated edition of the definitive handbook on the physical basis for learning for professionals involved in education and child development, written by the respected author of acclaimed titles in the field. A comprehensive overview of the relationship between neuromotor maturity and physical development on learning outcomes and behaviour in childhood and later life Explores why early reflexes are important, their functions in early development, their effects on learning and behavior if retained, and the possible effects on other aspects of development Brings together a specialist body of knowledge and makes it accessible to anyone involved in treating the symptoms of specific learning difficulties and emotional problems. Includes new information on the role of the vestibular system in anxiety and agoraphobia, a new chapter of case studies, and an Epilogue placing the INPP Method in a broader scientific context
Attention, Balance and Coordination
by Sally Goddard BlytheAttention, Balance and Coordination is the most up-to-date handbook for professionals involved in education and child development, providing a new understanding of the source of specific behavioural problems. Written by a respected author of acclaimed titles in this fieldExplains why early reflexes are important, their functions in development and their effects on learning, behaviour and beyond - also covers adult neurological dysfunctions anxiety and agoraphobiaBuilds on an ABC of Attention, Balance and Coordination to create a unique look across specific learning difficulties, linked by common motor skills challenges resulting from neuro-developmental deficienciesIncludes the INPP Developmental Screening Questionnaire together with guidance on how to use and interpret it
The Attention Complex
by Kenneth RogersOver the past two decades in the United States, a profound reorientation of human attention has taken shape. This book addresses the recent cultural anxiety about attention as a way of negotiating a crisis of the self that is increasingly managed, mediated, and controlled by technologies.
Attention, Cooperation, Purpose: An Approach to Working in Groups Using Insights from Wilfred Bion
by Robert French Peter SimpsonThis book describes an approach based on attention that can help individuals and groups to cooperate more effectively. It presents the first book-length reassessment of Wilfred Bion's ideas on groups. Every group has a purpose or purposes - or, as Bion put it, "every group, however casual, meets to 'do' something." The approach described here shows how individual group members' use of attention - both broad or "evenly suspended" and focused - can promote a better understanding of purpose, making it possible for them to do what they have met to do. This work of attention enables group members to maintain a clear sense of their purpose and also to recognise how easily they can become distracted, losing focus and dispersing their energies into activities that are off task. The approach builds on the authors' experience of using Bion's insights into group dynamics over twenty-five years in different contexts, formal and informal, as group members, managers, leaders, teachers, consultants, researchers, family members, and friends.
The Attention Deficit: Unintended Consequences of Digital Connectivity
by Swati BhattDigital technology has enabled connectivity on an unimagined scale. Human beings are social animals and economic activity promotes this socialization. Market transactions are based on optimism about the future, faith that the world is good and trust that growth is organic or coming from within the system. Individuals therefore invest in the future by having children, by extending credit and accepting risk, and by building connections with others in the sincere expectation of this connectivity being reciprocated. This book explores the unintended consequences of ubiquitous connectivity. The first effect is captured by the sharing model. Technology offers multiple avenues for sharing experiences and personal information, so active engagement with this increased content uses mental effort. Connection inevitably leads to comparisons with other groups and individuals, so despite the benefits of affirmation and group inclusion, these links corrode social networks, leading to depression and mental apathy. The second effect--the result of the commercialization of sharing--is encapsulated in the attention deficit model. Loss of self-worth, driven by the first effect, encourages further connectivity and sharing as buyers seek more comfort and reassurance via social media, paying with time and personal information. The product is digital content and the payment is with time and data. Correspondingly, social media fulfills this demand with exuberance, both via user-generated content and commercially curated content. We are overwhelmed with even more information, paying with increasingly scarce time and attention. Finally, the third and most consequential effect is diminished risk taking. Attention scarcity, as a consequence of the content tsunami, throttles cognitive effort, impairing judgment and decision-making. So the safe bet may be to do nothing . . . take no risks and no gambles. Weaving together the latest research on economics, psychology, and neuroscience, this book fills a void for readers wanting a smart, clear analysis of communications markets and the commercialization of Internet-inspired connectivity.
Attention Deficit: A Practitioner's Handbook
by Santo J. TrioloMost clinicians rely on only an interview to diagnose ADHD in adults. With the recent media "overkill" about ADHD, more and more patients have already read numerous articles and books about the topic making it even harder for practitioners to differentiate between symptoms due to ADHD and symptoms of a hypersensitive patient. As a result, the clinician should no longer rely on just an interview but a more sphoisticated and reliable method.Attention Deficit: A Practitioner's Handbook offers practical guidance to diagnose ADHD with special consideration to comorbid and differential diagnoses. This volume also challenges practitioners to move beyond current diagnostic criteria and presents arguments for standardized testing in addition to the traditional interview. Insightful commentaries on major points of current controversy in this area of study are also highlighted. Dr. Triolo, author of the Attention Deficit Scales for Adults (ADSA), also discusses theoretical perspectives of ADHD and bridges the gap between the research and clinical practice. A most practical volume that clinicians will appreciate in their library.