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International Natural Resources Law, Investment and Sustainability (Routledge Research in International Environmental Law)
by Shawkat Alam, Jahid Hossain Bhuiyan and Jona RazzaqueInternational Natural Resources Law, Investment and Sustainability provides a clear and concise insight into the relationship between the institutions that govern foreign investment, sustainable development and the rules and regulations that administer natural resources. In this book, several leading experts explore different perspectives in how investment and natural resources come together to achieve sustainable development in developing countries with examples from water, oil and gas, renewable energy, mineral, agriculture, and carbon trading. Despite varying perspectives, it is clear that several themes are central in considering the linkages between natural resources, investment and sustainability. Specifically, transparency, good governance and citizen empowerment are vital conditions which encourage positive social, economic and environmental outcomes for developing countries. In addition, this book provides new insights into key concepts which underpin international law, including sovereign rights and state responsibility principles. It is clear from this book that in the attempt to reconcile these concepts and principles from separate legal regimes, complex policy questions emerge whereby it is difficult to attain mutually beneficial or succinct outcomes. This book explores how countries prioritise their policy objectives to achieve their notion of sustainable natural resource use, which is strongly influenced by power imbalances that inform North–South cooperation, as well as South–South cooperation in the international investment regime. This book will be of great interest to students, academics and researchers of international environmental law, international human rights law, international investment law and international economic law. This book may also be of relevance to environmentalists, policy-makers, NGOs, and investors working in the natural resources field.
International Networks, Advocacy and EU Energy Policy-Making (Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics)
by Alexandra-Maria BocseThis book explores the role which policy networks and particularly advocacy coalitions play in EU energy policy, and the factors that account for their policy success. It captures the often neglected interaction between public and private actors in EU energy security policy and between opposing advocacy coalitions. The volume’s case studies examine coalitions working on two issues central to EU energy policy debates over the last decade: fracking for shale gas and developing the Southern Gas Corridor, a pipeline system linking Europe with the gas region of the Caspian Sea. Although the coalitions studied are focused on impacting EU energy policy, they stretch beyond the EU borders. The book draws on original, rich, and intriguing data, around 90 interviews with energy stakeholders and over six months of fieldwork and participant observation, analysed through an innovative combination of frame analysis and social network analysis.
International Organizations and Environmental Protection: Conservation and Globalization in the Twentieth Century (Environment in History: International Perspectives #11)
by Jan-Henrik Meyer Wolfram KaiserPollution, resource depletion, habitat management, and climate change are all issues that necessarily transcend national boundaries. Accordingly, they and other environmental concerns have been a particular focus for international organizations from before the First World War to the present day. This volume is the first to comprehensively explore the environmental activities of professional communities, NGOs, regional bodies, the United Nations, and other international organizations during the twentieth century. It follows their efforts to shape debates about environmental degradation, develop binding intergovernmental commitments, and-following the seminal 1972 Conference on the Human Environment-implement and enforce actual international policies.
International Perspectives in Feminist Ecocriticism (Routledge Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Literature #16)
by Serpil Oppermann Simon C. Estok Greta GaardExploring environmental literature from a feminist perspective, this volume presents a diversity of feminist ecocritical approaches to affirm the continuing contributions, relevance, and necessity of a feminist perspective in environmental literature, culture, and science. Feminist ecocriticism has a substantial history, with roots in second- and third-wave feminist literary criticism, women’s environmental writing and social change activisms, and eco-cultural critique, and yet both feminist and ecofeminist literary perspectives have been marginalized. The essays in this collection build on the belief that the repertoire of violence (conceptual and literal) toward nature and women comprising our daily lives must become central to our ecocritical discussions, and that basic literacy in theories about ethics are fundamental to these discussions. The book offers an international collection of scholarship that includes ecocritical theory, literary criticism, and ecocultural analyses, bringing a diversity of perspectives in terms of gender, sexuality, and race. Reconnecting with the histories of feminist and ecofeminist literary criticism, and utilizing new developments in postcolonial ecocriticism, animal studies, queer theory, feminist and gender studies, cross-cultural and international ecocriticism, this timely volume develops a continuing and international feminist ecocritical perspective on literature, language, and culture.
International Perspectives on Climate Change
by Walter Leal Filho Fátima Alves Sandra Caeiro Ulisses M. AzeiteiroThis collected volume deals with emerging issues related to climate variation, climate change and adaptation technologies, with a special focus on Latin American countries. Presenting a variety of adaptation strategies and projects currently being undertaken and implemented, the book showcases how Latin American nations are struggling to meet the challenges of climate change. Latin America as a whole and Central America in particular is one of the most vulnerable regions of the world and is severely affected by recurrent extreme climate-related events. This volume documents and analyzes the main challenges and lessons learned, serving to disseminate knowledge beyond the region and enhance international research and policy cooperation.
International Polar Year 2007-2008: Report Of The Implementation Workshop
by Polar Research BoardThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
International Public Administrations in Environmental Governance: The Role of Autonomy, Agency, and the Quest for Attention
by Helge Jörgens Nina Kolleck Mareike WellCombining theoretical and empirical approaches, this book examines the role that international public administrations play in global environmental politics in the Anthropocene. With chapters written by leading experts in the field, this text offers fresh insight into how international bureaucracies shape global policies in the complex areas of climate change, biodiversity, and development policy. International public administrations are thus recognized as partially autonomous actors with their own interests and motivations, assuming the roles of managers, orchestrators, brokers, or attention-seekers. This comprehensive resource provides scholars and practitioners with valuable insight into environmental policymaking and how international public administrations might be transformed to better address the multiple, fundamental challenges of our century. This is one of a series of publications associated with the Earth System Governance Project. For more publications, see www.cambridge.org/earth-system-governance. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
International Regimes in China: Domestic Implementation of the International Fisheries Agreements (Routledge Contemporary China Series)
by Gianluca FerraroAccording to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, more than 80% of world’s fish stocks are fully exploited, over-exploited, depleted, or recovering from depletion. Although several international agreements have promoted more responsible fisheries, coastal states have usually maintained national policies that enable higher harvest levels rather than greater conservation of fish stocks, and international agreements for more responsible fisheries have generally experienced a weak domestic implementation. Among the major coastal fishing states, China constitutes the largest fish producer and main exporter in the world, and therefore presents a fascinating case-study for the domestic implementation of international fisheries agreements. This book investigates the degree to which China has complied with the international agreements it has signed, and asks why it is failing to meet expectations. Crucially, it calls for greater emphasis on the political, rather than technical, issues involved in the implementation of international regimes. In turn, it examines how understanding the case of China can help us to develop solutions for improved international compliance in the future. Providing an improved understanding of the implementation of international regimes, alongside an in-depth study of China’s political system, policy-making and compliance, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars of Chinese studies, international relations, public policy, and international law and environmental studies. It will also be useful for policy makers working in the fields of environmental regulation and fisheries management.
International Relations and Global Climate Change
by Urs Luterbacher Detlef F. SprinzThis book surveys current conceptual, theoretical, and methodological approaches to global climate change and international relations. Although it focuses on the role of states, it also examines the role of nonstate actors and international organizations.
International Relations in the Anthropocene: New Agendas, New Agencies and New Approaches
by David Chandler Delf Rothe Franziska MüllerThis textbook introduces advanced students of International Relations (and beyond) to the ways in which the advent of, and reflections on, the Anthropocene impact on the study of global politics and the disciplinary foundations of IR. The book contains 24 chapters, authored by senior academics as well as early career scholars, and is divided into four parts, detailing, respectively, why the Anthropocene is of importance to IR, challenges to traditional approaches to security, the question of governance and agency in the Anthropocene, and new methods and approaches, going beyond the human/nature divide.
International Science and Technology Education: Exploring Culture, Economy and Social Perceptions (The Earthscan Science in Society Series)
by Ortwin Renn Nicole C. Karafyllis Andreas Hohlt Dorothea TaubeEducation in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) is crucial for taking advantage of the prospects of new scientific discoveries initiating or promoting technological changes, and managing opportunities and risks associated with innovations. This book explores the emerging perspectives and methodologies of STEM education and its relationship to the cultural understanding of science and technology in an international context. The authors provide a unique perspective on the subject, presenting materials and experiences from non-European industrialized as well as industrializing countries, including China, Japan, South Korea, India, Egypt, Brazil and the USA. The chapters offer a wide scope of interpretations and comparative reviews of STEM education by including narrative elements about cultural developments, considering the influence of culture and social perceptions on technological and social change, and applying innovative tools of qualitative social research. The book represents a comprehensive and multidisciplinary review of the current status and future challenges facing STEM education across the world, including issues such as globalization, interdependencies of norms and values, effects on equity and social justice as well as resilience. Overall the volume provides valuable insights for a broad and comprehensive international comparison of STEM philosophies, approaches and experiences.
An International Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage Facility: EXPLORING A RUSSIAN SITE AS A PROTOTYPE
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesAs part of a long-standing collaboration on nuclear nonproliferation, the National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences held a joint workshop in Moscow in 2003 on the scientific aspects of an international radioactive disposal site in Russia. The passage of Russian laws permitting the importation and storage of high-level radioactive material (primarily spent nuclear fuel from reactors) has engendered interest from a number of foreign governments, including the U.S., in exploring the possibility of transferring material to Russia on a temporary or permanent basis. The workshop focused on the environmental aspects of the general location and characteristics of a possible storage site, transportation to and within the site, containers for transportation and storage, inventory and accountability, audits and inspections, and handling technologies.
International Support for Domestic Climate Policies in Developing Countries
by Karstan NeuhoffThis volume examines how international cooperation can support implementation of domestic climate policies in developing countries. Six case studies explore the domestic drivers and barriers for policies with climate (co-)benefits in developing countries and show that international support can help to overcome these constraints by providing additional resources for incremental policy costs, technical assistance, and technology cooperation to build local capacity. Cooperation can also contribute to robust institutional frameworks and government policies that facilitate increased private sector investment, which supports low-carbon production and consumption. Any such cooperation has to be anchored in domestic initiatives - building on stakeholder support for policies with climate co-benefits. The studies also examines the important role played by policy indicators in successful policy implementation and how they can be linked to international incentive schemes. The contributions in this volume examine cases from institutional and national perspectives from across the globe and find that, with common but differentiated responsibility for climate policy, developed countries have to contribute more towards technological and financial support in developing countries.
International Trade and Climate Change Policies
by Duncan Brack with Michael Grubb and Craig WindramFocusing on the likely impacts on trade of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol, this book examines the actual and potential conflicts between whether liberalization of trade undermines the efforts of industrialised countries to mitigate climate change. It will be essential reading for environmental economists and those engaged in international environmental relations and policy.
International Trade in Forest Products: Lumber Trade Disputes, Models and Examples
by Joseph Buongiorno Jinggang Guo Craig Johnston Xintong Li Fatemeh Mokhtarzadeh Harry Nelson Prakash Nepal Jeffrey Prestemon Brad StennesBecause of the long-standing Canada-U.S. lumber trade dispute and the current pressure on the world's forests as a renewable energy source, much attention has been directed toward the modelling of international trade in wood products. Two types of trade models are described in this book: one is rooted in economic theory and mathematical programming, and the other consists of two econometric/statistical models--a gravity model rooted in theory and an approach known as GVAR that relies on time series analyses. The purpose of the book is to provide the background theory behind models and facilitate readers in easily constructing their own models to analyse policy questions that they wish to address, whether in forestry or some other sector. Examples in the book are meant to illustrate how models can be used to say something about a variety of issues, including identification of the gains and losses to various players in the North American softwood lumber business, and the potential for redirecting sales of lumber to countries outside the United States. The discussion is expanded to include other products besides lumber, and used to examine, for example, the effects of log export restrictions by one nation on all other forestry jurisdictions, the impacts of climate policies as they relate to the global forest sector, and the impact of oil prices on forest product markets throughout the world. This book will appeal to practising economists and researchers who wish to examine various policies that affect international trade, whether their interest is local or international in scope. Because the book provides the theoretical bases underlying various models, students and practitioners will find this a valuable reference book or supplementary textbook.
International Trade in Wildlife (Routledge Library Editions: Conservation #2)
by Tim Inskipp Sue WellsOriginally published in 1979 International Trade in Wildlife is a product of the 1973 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora conference, containing the full text of the CITIES convention. The volume outlines the animals and plants controlled by CITIES, and describes the protective policies put in place to protect endangered plants and animals. It gives a detailed background to the international traffic in monkey’s, spotted cats, whales, ivory, parrots, tortoises, marine turtles, crocodiles, butterflies, sponges and rare orchids at the time of publication and acts as a comprehensive document on the conservation policies enacted through CITIES, as well as facts surrounding the decline of endangered species. Although published over 40 years ago, the document still offers a comprehensive and useful guide to conservation and will be an important historical document for environmental policy makers and conservationists alike.
International Trade Policies and Climate Change Governance
by P. K. RaoThis work offers a synthesis of the current approaches toward an integration of international trade and climate change, with a view to fostering potential improvements in policies and institutions affecting these. A number of pragmatic measures are proposed with reference to the WTO and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) regimes, which are expected to contribute toward enhanced climate change governance, as well as promoting international trade.
International Water Law and the Quest for Common Security (Earthscan Studies in Water Resource Management)
by Bjorn-Oliver MagsigThe world’s freshwater supplies are increasingly threatened by rapidly increasing demand and the impacts of global climate change, but current approaches to transboundary water management are unsustainable and may threaten future global stability and international security. The absence of law in attempts to address this issue highlights the necessity for further understanding from the legal perspective. This book provides a fresh conceptualisation of water security, developing an operational methodology for identifying the four core elements of water security which must be addressed by international law: availability; access; adaptability; and ambit. The analysis of the legal framework of transboundary freshwater management based on this contemporary understanding of water security reveals the challenges and shortcomings of the current legal regime. In order to address these shortcomings, the present mindset of prevailing rigidity and state-centrism is challenged by examining how international legal instruments could be crafted to advance a more flexible and common approach towards transboundary water interaction. The concept of considering water security as a matter of ‘regional common concern’ is introduced to help international law play a more prominent role in addressing the challenges of global water insecurity. Ways for implementing such an approach are proposed and analysed by looking at international hydropolitics in Himalayan Asia. The book analyses transboundary water interaction as a ‘case study’ for advancing public international law in order to fulfil its responsibility of promoting international peace and security.
International Watercourses Law in the Nile River Basin: Three States at a Crossroads
by Tadesse Kassa WoldetsadikThe Nile River and its basin extend over a distinctive geophysical cord connecting eleven sovereign states from Egypt to Tanzania, which are home to an estimated population of 422.2 million people. The Nile is an essential source of water for domestic, industrial and agricultural uses throughout the basin, yet for more than a century it has been at the centre of continuous and conflicting claims and counter-claims to rights of utilization of the resource. In this book the author examines the multifaceted legal regulation of the Nile. He re-constructs the legal and historical origin and functioning of the British Nile policies in Ethiopia by examining the composition of the Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty of 1902, and analyses its ramifications on contemporary riparian discourse involving Ethiopia and Sudan. The book also reflects on two fairly established legal idioms - the natural and historical rights expressions – which constitute central pillars of the claims of downstream rights in the Nile basin; the origin, essence and legal authority of the notions has been assessed on the basis of the normative dictates of contemporary international watercourses law. Likewise, the book examines the non-treaty based claims of rights of the basin states to the Nile waters, setting out what the equitable uses principle entails as a means of reconciling competing riparian interests, and most importantly, how its functioning affects contemporary legal settings. The author then presents the concentrated diplomatic movements of the basin states in negotiations on the Transitional Institutional Mechanism of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) - pursued since the 1990’s, and explains why the substance of water use rights still continued to be perceived diversely among basin states. Finally, the specific legal impediments that held back progress in negotiations on the Nile Basin Cooperative Framework are presented in context.
International Wildlife Management: Conservation Challenges in a Changing World (Wildlife Management and Conservation)
by John L. Koprowski and Paul R. KrausmanA call for wildlife conservationists to transcend the boundaries of locality, share best practices, and unite with a common voice to influence global policy.Habitat loss, disease management, predator-human conflict, illegal trade—these are among the many conservation challenges faced by wildlife experts around the world. But how wildlife professionals approach these issues has historically been geographically fragmented. By providing a broad perspective on issues faced by wildlife on an international scale, the authors of International Wildlife Management make vital connections, drawing attention to underlying causes and strategies for mitigation that may look surprisingly similar from Montana to Zimbabwe. Bringing together wildlife professionals from around the globe to discuss shared challenges, International Wildlife Management• examines widespread patterns of wildlife loss• covers key conservation strategies, including species reintroduction, community engagement, and wildlife commerce• explores the urgent concerns of climate change, habitat loss and fragmentation, invasive species, and poaching• reviews major organizations involved in wildlife management at an international level, highlighting examples of cooperation among groups and nations in effective wildlife management efforts• features stories of success and struggle from authors across 17 countries on 6 continents This timely and thorough overview thinks big by assessing threats to wildlife on a global scale. Wild creatures don't recognize artificial geographic borders. This useful compendium demonstrates that researchers and scientists should follow their lead.
International Wildlife Trade: A Cites Sourcebook
by Ginette Hemley Kathryn FullerFor more than two decades, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, known as CITES, has been one of the largest and most effective conservation agreements in the world. By regulating international commerce in certain species -- from African elephants and exotic birds to hardwoods and bulbs -- the treaty limits trade in species that are in genuine need of protection while allowing controlled trade in species that can withstand some level of exploitation.In addition to explaining how CITES operates, this definitive reference includes: the full text of the CITES treatyCITES Appendices I, II, and III a list of Parties as of March 1994 a list of reservations by Parties as of October 1993 Chapters address the status of highly threatened species such as elephants, rhinos, and tigers as well as other heavily exploited species including parrots, primates, and bears.International Wildlife Trade provides a valuable overview of wildlife trade issues, and of the strengths and weaknesses of the current treaty.
International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy 2018 (International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy #2018)
by Harald Ginzky Elizabeth Dooley Irene L. Heuser Emmanuel Kasimbazi Till Markus Tianbao QinThis book presents an important discussion on urbanization and sustainable soil management from a range of perspectives, addressing key topics such as sustainable cities, soil sealing, rehabilitation of contaminated soils, property rights and liability issues, as well as trading systems with regard to land take.This third volume of the International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy is divided into four parts, the first of which explores several aspects of the topic “urbanization and sustainable management of soils.” The second part then covers recent international developments, while the third part presents regional and national reports, and the fourth discusses cross-cutting issues. Given the range of key topics covered, the book offers an indispensible tool for all academics, legislators and policymakers working in this field. The “International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy” series discusses central questions in law and politics with regard to the protection and sustainable management of soil and land – at the international, national and regional level.
International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy 2019 (International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy #2019)
by Harald Ginzky Elizabeth Dooley Irene L. Heuser Emmanuel Kasimbazi Robert Kibugi Till Markus Tianbao Qin Oliver RuppelThis book presents an important discussion on the implementation of sustainable soil management in Africa from a range of governance perspectives. It addresses aspects such as the general challenges in Africa with regard to soil management; the structural deficiencies in legal, organizational and institutional terms; and specific policies at the national level, including land cover policies and persistent organic pollutants.This fourth volume of the International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy is divided into four parts, the first of which deals with several aspects of the theme “sustainable soil management in Africa.” In turn, the second part covers recent international developments, the third part presents regional and national reports (i.a. Mexico, USA and Germany), and the fourth discusses cross-cutting issues(i.a. on rural-urban interfaces). Given the range of key topics covered, the book offers an indispensible tool for all academics, legislators and policymakers working in this field.The “International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy” is a book series that discusses central questions in law and politics with regard to the protection and sustainable management of soil and land – at the international, national and regional level.
International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy 2020/2021 (International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy #2020)
by Harald Ginzky Irene L. Heuser Oliver C. Ruppel Elizabeth Dooley Till Markus Robert Kibugi Patricia Kameri-MboteThis book presents an important discussion on land tenure rights for the effective implementation of sustainable soil management provisions. It investigates a variety of aspects, such as the clash of modern and traditional tenure concepts, forms of illegal or illegitimate land acquisition, and the preconditions for legal and legitimate investments. In addition, the book analyses the challenges to ensuring secure land tenure rights in Africa and in Germany. Lastly, it provides information on the role of women in this context.This fifth volume of the International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy is divided into four parts, the first of which deals with various aspects of the theme “Land Tenure Rights and Sustainable Soil Management”. The second part covers recent international developments, the third part presents regional and national reports, and the fourth discusses overarching issues. Given the range of key topics covered, the book offers an indispensable tool for all academics, legislators and policymakers working in this field.The “International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy” series discusses central questions in law and politics with regard to the protection and sustainable management of soil and land – at the international, national, and regional level.
International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy 2022 (International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy #2022)
by Harald Ginzky Fabiano De Andrade Corrêa Elizabeth Dooley Irene L. Heuser Patricia Kameri-Mbote Robert Kibugi Oliver C. RuppelThis open access book presents an important discussion on the interface between sustainable soil management and climate mitigation and adaptation. It investigates a variety of aspects in this context, such as the political and societal consequences for countries in the Global South, an assessment of the outcomes of the UNFCCC Conference of Parties held in Glasgow, appropriate legal instruments to promote desealing, regulatory concepts for negative emissions in soil and land use, the debate in Europe on carbon uptake in soils and the climate-related policy of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Lastly, it provides information on recent court rulings on climate mitigation in Germany and Australia and their relevance for sustainable soil management.This sixth volume of the International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy is divided into four parts, the first of which deals with various aspects of the theme “Climate Mitigation and Adaptation and Sustainable Soil Management.”The second part covers recent international developments, the third presents regional and national reports, and the fourth discusses overarching issues. Given the range of key topics covered, the book offers an indispensable tool for all academics, legislators and policymakers working in this field. The “International Yearbook of Soil Law and Policy” series discusses central questions in law and politics with regard to the protection and sustainable management of soil and land – at the international, national, and regional level.